CN104563512A - Construction method of tall building steel structure - Google Patents
Construction method of tall building steel structure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a construction method of a tall building steel structure. The construction method includes: a, selection, arrangement and tower crane mounting and dismounting, b, member entering, inspection and acceptance and stacking, c, steel structure lifting, d, measurement control on the steel structure and e, steel structure welding including determining a welding sequence, a welding process and welding parameters. A tower crane is an internal climbing type tower crane and a whip-typed hoisting mechanism, the model of the internal climbing type tower crane is JCD260 or QTD480, and the QTD480 is a main tower crane for hoisting the steel structure. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that construction efficiency is high, construction of steel plate welding is completed by automatic CO2 gas-shielded welding, welds of the whole project are subjected to 100% ultrasonic inspection, the qualified rate is 100%, and first-pass yield of inspection reaches 98%. The construction selection and the arrangement are comprehensively considered according to factors of arrangement of the building, field conditions, weight of the steel structure and the like, and safety, convenience and reliability in mounting and dismounting are guaranteed.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to technical field of building construction, specifically a kind of construction method about high-rise building steel structure.
[background technology]
As everyone knows, along with the prosperity construction of country, the building construction in each city and area is all built towards high, large, new direction.Increasing high building emerges, and the thing followed is the problem such as safety, efficiency during high building is built.
High-rise building steel structure system is a variation and complication system engineering, and all necessary careful allocation plan when designing and construct, it is careful to formulate before construction, detailed construction scheme and Construction Plan.Construction condition should be considered, the technology construction coordination between each specialty and impact when developing programs.Meanwhile, also to carry out and construction of taking care in strict accordance with various regulations plan when constructing.But construction method of the prior art does not reach above requirement toward contact, construction speed is slow, efficiency is low, and safety factor is also not high enough.
[summary of the invention]
Object of the present invention is exactly low in order to solve efficiency of construction in prior art, each construction sequence technique is improved not and is waited not enough and defect, there is provided that a kind of process is novel, safe and reliable, convenient construction and effectively improve a kind of construction method about high-rise building steel structure of efficiency of construction, it is characterized in that comprising:
A. select, arrange, pacify and tear tower machine open;
B. component is marched into the arena, checks and accepts, is stacked;
C. steel structure hoisting;
D. Survey control is carried out to steel work;
E. welding for steel structure, comprises and determines welding sequence, welding procedure and welding parameter.
Tower machine is inner climbing crane tower and swing crane structure, and inner climbing crane tower model is JCD260 or QTD480, and wherein QTD480 is that the king-tower of steel structure hoisting hangs.
In stepb by utilizing on-the-spot floor to turn material platform as component, portal crane and rail mounted steel trestle is adopted to carry out steel beam column horizontal transport.
Steel structure hoisting comprises and carries out lifting subregion and determine lifting sequence to steel work, and wherein lifting subregion be division eight districts up time lifting component clockwise, and lifting sequence is:
A. hanging beam after first davit in plane, a post net unit lifting and temporary fixed after, then about it or front and back lifting wash-out net unit, after wash-out net unit component has all lifted, carried out comprehensive accurate correction;
B. vertical lifting sequence: steel column → hoop girder → radial girder → bolt is installed just twist → measurement update → welding → weld seam detection → floor support plate lays and welding of peg → superstructure reinforced concrete floor construction, except other layers of top layer outer bottom are installed with electric block is auxiliary.
In steps d, by controlling in advance and following the tracks of rectification and combine and carry out Survey control to construction, namely before lifting, story post absolute altitude and location are measured, and graticule control is carried out to component, before column-beam frame is formed, steel column preliminary corrections is also rectified a deviation in time after lifting; In structural entity Survey control, hydraulic climbing formwork is adopted according to agent structure civil engineering, vertical structure is leading, the sequence of construction of horizontal structure heel, by the measuring method that a whole set of adopts laser zenith meter to combine with total powerstation " polar coordinates external control method ", complete the space orientation of putting outside structure introversion.Polar coordinates external control method is on the books in " polar coordinates setting out of lines Computing Principle " literary composition of middle friendship the 3rd navigational matters Engineering Bureau.
Welding sequence in step e is:
A. post-post welding is relative by two welders, two sides isothermal, constant speed symmetrical welding;
The welding of b. post-beam section header, first welds H profile steel bottom wing listrium, then frange plate of burn-oning; A termination first should be welded in two terminations of beam, is cooled to after normal temperature 20 DEG C ~ 25, then welds the other end until it.
Welding procedure in step e adopts CO
2gas-shield automatic welding is applied to the technique of vertical position welding, tiltedly vertical position welding and fillet welding in the overhead position, and steel-concrete combined structure inside weld adopts steel liner plate, does not cut off after having welded, and non-steel-concrete combined structure inside weld adopts ceramic lining plate, cuts off after having welded.
Determination welding parameter in step e is: adopt ABC Classification to find out the reason affecting quality, and carry out serial analysis, find out corresponding countermeasures for these problems, determines the technological parameter applying to horizontal position welding, downhand welding, vertical position welding, tiltedly vertical position welding.ABC Classification is analyzed also known as pareto analysis method or Barreto analytic approach, Plato, primary and secondary because of analytic approach, ABC analysis, ABC analysis, ABC analysis approach, ABC administrative law, abc management, Barrett analytic approach, rule that usual people are also referred to as " 80 to 20 ".Because it is divided into A, B, C tri-class, so be also called ABC analysis analyzed object.
Compared with the existing technology, its advantage is that efficiency of construction of the present invention is high in the present invention, adopts CO
2gas-shield automatic welding completes the construction of Plate Welding, weld seam 100% ultrasonic testing/ ultrasonic examination of whole engineering, and 100% is qualified, and one time flaw detection qualification rate reaches 98%.Construction is selected to consider according to combined factors such as the weight of the layout of building, field condition and steel work with arranging, what ensure that peace tears open is safe, convenient, reliably.In steel structure hoisting, constantly search for through Project Technical personnel and sum up, solve super high steel structure space orientation technique problem.And this construction method is in main body Construction of Steel Structure, " utilize on-the-spot floor to turn material platform as component " by taking, " steel work string hangs " and " installing except the two-layer electric block of first floor outer bottom is auxiliary " technology solves the contradiction that the duration is tight, engineering quantity is large, and effectively improve tower machine effect.In addition, welding procedure of the present invention solves CO
2gas shielded arc welding be applied in thick member stand to, tiltedly stand to the welding procedure problem on joint.
[accompanying drawing explanation]
Fig. 1 is the plane layout of tower crane schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of the embodiment of the present invention;
As shown in the figure, in figure: 1. steel gang form storage rack 2. high building central point
Fig. 2 is specified to be Figure of abstract of the present invention.
[detailed description of the invention]
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described, and the structure of this device and principle are very clearly concerning the people of this specialty.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
Now for an engineering construction, suppose that embodiment is a high building, 4 layers, underground, 60 layers on the ground, building height 280 meters.Form of structure is frame construction+Core Walls Structure shear wall, exterior frame column is steel reinforced concrete combining form, steel column is steel flanged beam " H " steel column, frame beam adopts " H " shaped steel combination beam, wherein section steel beam external coating thicker fireproof paint, fire resistance rating 2 hours, floor adopts the composite floor of steel contour plate and concrete structure, and thickness is 156mm, 226mm.
Engineering lifting task parameters is mainly: steel beam column weight 15000 tons, main member about 1.2 ten thousand; Exterior frame column 3 layers is outward-dipping to 35 layers, 0.81 degree, angle of inclination, and 35 layers to 53 layers are inwardly shunk, and converging angles 2.48 degree, 53 layers are inwardly shunk to roof, converging angles 9.81 degree, none typical floor.Main material material is Q345GJ-B, Q345GJ-C, Q345-C, and maximum thickness of slab reaches 50mm, weld seam overall length 5210 meters.
In the present invention, super high steel structure construction technology mainly comprises following several respects content: the 1) selection of tower machine, layout and peace are torn open; 2) component is marched into the arena, checks and accepts and is stacked; 3) lift; 4) Survey control; 5) weld; 6) duration and quality control; 7) safe construction.
1. tower crane selection, arrange and peace tear open
Tower crane is the nucleus equipment of super high steel structure engineering construction, and it is selected and arranges and will consider according to combined factors such as the weight of the layout of building, field condition and steel work, and it is safe, convenient, reliable to ensure that peace is torn open.
Construction of super highrise building, inner climbing crane tower is paid the utmost attention in the selection of tower machine, according to Lifting Capacity and quantity, two tower cranes should be arranged, for avoiding tower crane to collide, adopt swing crane structure, on the other hand, inner climbing crane tower is adopted to carry out steel work highrise building lifting construction, so harsh unlike employing adhesion tower-crane to tower crane elevating capacity and amplitude requirement; In addition, the cost of employing attachment tower crane will far above the inner climbing crane tower of elevating capacity of the same type, such as the present embodiment design height is 255 meters, adopt the tower body height about 280 meters of adhesion tower-crane, wherein consider steel columns of steel structures 13 meters, 4 ~ 6 meters, hoist cable, lifting hook pulley and dolly overall height 4 meters, safety operation distance 2 meters, adds under ground portion about 300 meters, and adopts inner climbing crane tower tower body to be 40 ~ 50 meters.The hiring cost of attachment tower crane is greater than inner climbing crane tower.Therefore, economically consider, for cost-saving, preferentially select inner climbing crane tower to carry out the construction of steel work super highrise building; The shortcoming of inner climbing type tower machine is: 1, operational phase load will carry out strict Check computations to agent structure, guarantees structural safety; 2, because selecting hydraulic climbing die block system, the synchronized relation of tower machine, steel column segmentation, climbing frame three be taken into full account.
In conjunction with more than, therefore preferably adopt JCD260 and QTD480 two swing arm inside-climbing tower cranes, wherein QTD480 hangs as the king-tower of steel structure hoisting, and plane layout of tower crane is as shown in Figure 1.D480 tower crane brachium 50 meters, JCD260 tower crane brachium 50 meters, moves to left after D480 installation.
2. the marching into the arena, check and accept and stack of component
Narrow field, execution conditions difference are ubiquitous difficulties in current construction, and within the relatively nervous duration, the higher requirement to its component stockyard of structural steelwork more Gao Yueyan, this problem has a strong impact on as processed bad will causing lifting and whole construction.
First work out the timetable of marching into the arena of each root rod member according to the construction subregion of lifting, what guarantee was first installed arrives first, and the plan of marching into the arena must meet the supporting requirement such as steel beam column and connection.
Because the steel work amount of marching into the arena of super highrise building is large, component stockyard is more, need stacking 2 ~ 3 layers even more, as there is no the careful plan of marching into the arena, on-the-spot component certainly will be caused to march into the arena the confusion of order, consequently: below the component of needs is pressed in, above no component is placed on, not only checking and accepting cannot carry out, and there is a large amount of stirrings, looks for the repeated works such as material.On the basis of strengthening field control and the component plan of marching into the arena, also should focus on the work such as stockyard is arranged, the stacking order of component, march into the arena outside the plan except needing the careful component of establishment according to lifting, also carry out ordered arrangement according to lifting sequence and stockyard Planning Characteristics component of marching into the arena, both ensure that normally carrying out of checking and accepting, also for lifting creates good external condition.Integrated structure form and sequence of construction, while the non-synchronous construction of high building podium, portal crane and rail mounted steel trestle is utilized to solve steel beam column horizontal transport, treat that the construction of high building podium is to the first floor, unload and stockyard operation platform as steel beam column with the passageway for fire apparatus of the first floor, as calculated, passageway for fire apparatus can be born lorry and be travelled and steel beam column stockyard load, and initial layer structure does not need to reinforce.
3. steel structure hoisting
Lifting is the leading operation of Construction of Steel Structure, and the speed of lifting and quality play a part very important to whole engineering.Lifting subregion and lifting sequence should be determined according to the quantity of structural plan and facade shape, form of structure, tower crane and the factor such as position, construction condition before steel structure hoisting.The present embodiment is preferably divided into eight districts clockwise by form of structure, up time lifting component.Lifting general principle is:
1) hanging beam after first davit in plane, a post net unit lifting and temporary fixed after, then about it or front and back lift two unit, after 3 unit member have all lifted, carried out comprehensive accurate correction.
2) vertical lifting sequence, for three layers, a post:
4 steel column → hoop girder → radial girder → bolts are first installed just twist → measurement update → welding → weld seam detection → floor support plate lays and welding of peg → superstructure reinforced concrete floor construction.
In this Construction of Steel Structure method, " utilize on-the-spot floor to turn material platform as component " by taking, " steel work string hangs " and " installing except the two-layer electric block of first floor outer bottom is auxiliary " technology solves the contradiction that the duration is tight, engineering quantity is large, and effectively improve tower machine effect.
4. steel work Survey control
In super high steel structure construction, the deviation of verticality, axis and absolute altitude weighs the important indicator of workmanship, measures the control stage as workmanship, be necessary for inspection of construction and provide foundation.
As can be seen from Construction of Steel Structure flow process, each inter process not only connects each other but also mutually restrict, and selects which kind of Survey control method directly to have influence on certainty of measurement and the progress of engineering.In engineering survey construction, " controlling in advance " is taked to combine with " tracking correction ", namely before lifting, story post absolute altitude and location are measured, and graticule control is carried out to component, before column-beam frame is formed, steel column preliminary corrections is also rectified a deviation in time after lifting, carry out correction of a final proof after forming unit body, significantly reduce correction difficulty like this, and achieve region and to construct the eucyclic target of each inter process.
In structural entity Survey control, hydraulic climbing formwork is adopted according to design feature and agent structure civil engineering, vertical structure is leading, the sequence of construction of horizontal structure heel, find out the measuring method that a whole set of adopts laser zenith meter to combine with total powerstation " polar coordinates external control method ", well solve a space orientation difficult problem of putting outside structure introversion, ensure that the realization of project integration target.
5. welding for steel structure
High-rise steel structure has the advantages that the duration is tight, complex structure, engineering quantity are large, quality requirement is high, and welding is as the important procedure of Construction of Steel Structure, the impact on " safety, the high-quality, at a high speed " of engineering of the selection of its welding sequence and technological parameter and welding level is great.
Determine welding sequence
(1) post-post welding should, two sides isothermal, constant speed symmetrical welding relative by two welders.
(2) welding of post-beam section header, generally first welds H profile steel bottom wing listrium, then frange plate of burn-oning.A termination first should be welded in two terminations of general beam, is cooled to after normal temperature, then welds the other end until it.
Determine welding procedure
Super highrise building welding for steel structure difficulty of construction is comparatively large, and not only steel plate is thicker, and in design, every root housing steel column is batter post, causes vertical position welding, oblique vertical position welding more, and is mostly in extroversion, oblique, and safety operation and construction protection are all more difficult.Especially when the engineering time requires compact, therefore preferably CO is adopted
2gas-shield automatic welding is applied to the technique of vertical position welding, tiltedly vertical position welding and fillet welding in the overhead position; For solving the impact of striking section and liner plate excision anti-seismic construction, through linking up with design, steel-concrete combined structure inside weld adopts steel liner plate, no longer cuts off after having welded, and non-steel-concrete combined structure inside weld adopts ceramic lining plate, cuts off after having welded; Adopt CO
2gas-shield automatic welding fundamentally solves manual electric arc welding speed affects progress issue slowly, meets the needs of welding procedure.
Determine welding parameter
After determining that welding parameter selectes technique, welding QC-group by qualification of welding procedure, develops a whole set of practicable CO being suitable for super highrise building feature under the drive of project management department
2welding Machine connects method and parameter.And configure full-time solder technology person in charge and and weld Quality Inspector, to guarantee welding quality.
First determine research objective, adopt ABC method to find out the reason affecting quality.And carry out serial analysis, find out corresponding countermeasures for these problems; Establish effective quality certification system, formulate perfect technique guiding book.Through repetition test, determine the fourth skill parameter applying to horizontal position welding, downhand welding, vertical position welding, tiltedly vertical position welding; Ask cleaning by the extension elongation to welding wire, weld seam layer, welding gun soldering supplying angle is repeatedly groped, is tested, and defines the hints on operation of a whole set of applicable construction of super highrise building; For making welding surroundings be in metastable state, strengthening and executing fourth safeguard procedures and ancillary method.Through project team and the unremitting effort of welding QC-group personnel, solve CO well
2gas shielded arc welding be applied in thick member stand to, tiltedly stand to the welding procedure problem on joint.
5. safe construction
Safe construction safe construction is the important step in Construction of Steel Structure, and the feature of super high steel structure construction is that high-altitude, hanging operation point are many.In work progress, only high-strength bolt just has tens hundred million, though these parts are little, if fallen down from the high-altitude of more than 200m, consequence is well imagined.
For the feature of super high steel structure construction, take the method in advance combined with process control, namely take safeguard procedures in advance, as anti-fall plate, catching device, emergency staircase, cable wind rope etc., and strengthen the safety education to constructor, adhere to the day safe system of inspection tours.
Establish safety net at davit period of the day from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m exterior wall, when hanging box is set a roof beam in place, set up template activity formula aisle, and successively raise with framework lifting; Hang hanging basket at beam-ends when twisting high-strength bolt, set up operating platform during welding, accomplish in addition to lay floor contour plate in time to guarantee construction safety.
Should also be noted that when constructing simultaneously following some:
1) fully understand structural design drawing, carry out node in-depth, rational construction technology.
2) selecting according to engineering characteristic reasonable selection plant equipment, particularly pillar crane, and its feasibility installed and removed will be considered.
3) select rational welding procedure and parameter according to different design features, Type of Welding and weather conditions, cannot treat different things as the same, blindly indiscriminately imitate.
4) processing sequence of structural element and quantity of marching into the arena will take into full account the handling ability of on-the-spot stacking condition and hanging device.
5) strict produce in factory technique, reduces in-situ processing quantity.
6) Survey control will be accomplished sectional, be carried out closing, correcting by different level, stage by stage, prevents the generation of cumulative errors.
7) security protection will be followed up in time, and measure wants tight, and inspection will put in place.
Claims (10)
1., about a construction method for high-rise building steel structure, it is characterized in that comprising:
A. select, arrange, pacify and tear tower machine open;
B. component is marched into the arena, checks and accepts, is stacked;
C. steel structure hoisting;
D. Survey control is carried out to steel work;
E. welding for steel structure, comprises and determines welding sequence, welding procedure and welding parameter.
2., as claimed in claim 1 about the construction method of high-rise building steel structure, it is characterized in that described tower machine is inner climbing crane tower and swing crane structure.
3. as claimed in claim 2 about the construction method of high-rise building steel structure, it is characterized in that described inner climbing crane tower model is JCD260 or QTD480, wherein QTD480 is that the king-tower of steel structure hoisting hangs.
4. as claimed in claim 1 about the construction method of high-rise building steel structure, it is characterized in that turning material platform by what utilize on-the-spot floor as component in stepb, adopt portal crane and rail mounted steel trestle to carry out steel beam column horizontal transport.
5. as claimed in claim 1 about the construction method of high-rise building steel structure, it is characterized in that described steel structure hoisting comprises and lifting subregion and determine lifting sequence is carried out to steel work, wherein lifting subregion is divide eight districts clockwise and up time lifting component, and lifting sequence is:
A. hanging beam after first davit in plane, a post net unit lifting and temporary fixed after, then about it or front and back lifting wash-out net unit, after wash-out net unit component has all lifted, carried out comprehensive accurate correction;
B. vertical lifting sequence: steel column → hoop girder → radial girder → bolt is installed just twist → measurement update → welding → weld seam detection → floor support plate lays and welding of peg → superstructure reinforced concrete floor construction, except other layers of top layer outer bottom are installed with electric block is auxiliary.
6. as claimed in claim 1 about the construction method of high-rise building steel structure, it is characterized in that in steps d, by controlling in advance and following the tracks of rectification and combine and carry out Survey control to construction, namely before lifting, story post absolute altitude and location are measured, and graticule control is carried out to component, before column-beam frame is formed, steel column preliminary corrections is also rectified a deviation in time after lifting; In structural entity Survey control, hydraulic climbing formwork is adopted according to agent structure civil engineering, vertical structure is leading, the sequence of construction of horizontal structure heel, by the measuring method that a whole set of adopts laser zenith meter to combine with total powerstation " polar coordinates external control method ", complete the space orientation of putting outside structure introversion.
7., as claimed in claim 1 about the construction method of high-rise building steel structure, it is characterized in that the welding sequence in step e is:
A. post-post welding is relative by two welders, two sides isothermal, constant speed symmetrical welding;
The welding of b. post-beam section header, first welds H profile steel bottom wing listrium, then frange plate of burn-oning; A termination first should be welded in two terminations of beam, is cooled to after normal temperature, then welds the other end until it.
8., as claimed in claim 7 about the construction method of high-rise building steel structure, it is characterized in that described normal temperature is 20 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C.
9., as claimed in claim 1 about the construction method of high-rise building steel structure, it is characterized in that the welding procedure in step e adopts CO
2gas-shield automatic welding is applied to the technique of vertical position welding, tiltedly vertical position welding and fillet welding in the overhead position, and steel-concrete combined structure inside weld adopts steel liner plate, does not cut off after having welded, and non-steel-concrete combined structure inside weld adopts ceramic lining plate, cuts off after having welded.
10. as claimed in claim 1 about the construction method of high-rise building steel structure, it is characterized in that the determination welding parameter in step e is: adopt ABC Classification to find out the reason affecting quality, and carry out serial analysis, find out corresponding countermeasures for these problems, determine the technological parameter applying to horizontal position welding, downhand welding, vertical position welding, tiltedly vertical position welding.
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| CN107419907A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2017-12-01 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | A kind of steel-making tower steel structure platform is staggered installation of welding method |
| CN111255056A (en) * | 2020-02-20 | 2020-06-09 | 重庆建工集团股份有限公司 | High-rise building steel structure installation method |
| CN115012519A (en) * | 2022-07-05 | 2022-09-06 | 中国建筑第七工程局有限公司 | Installation method for construction of super high-rise building steel structure |
| CN115075562A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-09-20 | 浙江精工钢结构集团有限公司 | Method for releasing sectional construction additional stress of large-span truss structure |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107419907A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2017-12-01 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | A kind of steel-making tower steel structure platform is staggered installation of welding method |
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| CN111255056A (en) * | 2020-02-20 | 2020-06-09 | 重庆建工集团股份有限公司 | High-rise building steel structure installation method |
| CN115075562A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-09-20 | 浙江精工钢结构集团有限公司 | Method for releasing sectional construction additional stress of large-span truss structure |
| CN115075562B (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2024-06-11 | 浙江精工钢结构集团有限公司 | Method for releasing additional stress of large-span truss structure partition phased construction |
| CN115012519A (en) * | 2022-07-05 | 2022-09-06 | 中国建筑第七工程局有限公司 | Installation method for construction of super high-rise building steel structure |
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Application publication date: 20150429 |