CN104557175A - Production method of hericium erinaceus cultivation material - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a production method of a hericium erinaceus cultivation material, and relates to a technology for applying mushroom stalks in hericium erinaceus cultivation. Compared with the prior art, the production method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that firstly, mushroom stalk leachate is pure natural nutritional solution containing a variety of bioactive substances, stacking fermentation is carried out by mixing the mushroom stalk leachate with the cultivation material, and therefore, breeding of beneficial microorganisms is promoted, the microbial community in the cultivation material is improved, and the catalytic decomposition of the cultivation material is accelerated; secondly, the fermented cultivation material has highly active beneficial bacteria and active metabolite thereof and has promotion effects on growth of hericium erinaceus hypha, and therefore, the hypha grows strongly and is high in infectious microbe resistant capability; thirdly, the resources, such as manpower and coal, are saved, the environmental pollution is alleviated, and the production method disclosed by the invention accords with the low-carbon environment-friendly concepts.

Description

A kind of making method of Hericium erinaceus culture material

Technical field

The making method of a kind of Hericium erinaceus culture material of the present invention, is the technology be applied to by mushroom tang in Hericium erinaceus culture, belongs to fungus growing technique field.

Background technology

Have the hedgehog hydnum of the title of " mountain delicacy ", nutritious, be famous nourishing body-strengening food, also there is higher pharmaceutical use simultaneously, have very high curative ratio to the tumour of some Digestive tract and inflammation.

The traditional cultivating method of Hericium erinaceus (Bull. Ex Fr.) Pers. is grog cultivation, and planting material carries out inoculation culture after high pressure or normal-pressure sterilization, and the miscellaneous bacteria now in material is killed, and therefore, when planting material sends out bacterium, mycelial growth is fast, and living contaminants is few.But along with the significantly rise of the price of labour power and fuel price, grog cultivation cost increases severely, and high-temperature sterilization also causes the loss of planting material nutritive substance, causes planting material transformation efficiency to reduce simultaneously.

Mushroom is famous and precious edible one of the medicinal fungus of holding concurrently in the world, and current China mushroom production accounts for 70% of world's mushroom ultimate production, has the equal mushroom culture in the province of more than 70% in China.Because champignon stems stiffness of foot in children, content of cellulose are higher, palatability is poor, and therefore, mushroom is being eaten raw or in the course of processing, the tang of mushroom can remove as tankage by the producer, causes the mushroom tang accounting for mushroom weight about 30% to become waste.

Summary of the invention

For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention adds the immersion of mushroom tang and expects to mix and stir to carry out banking up with planting material to ferment, and do not add sterilant, sterilant during windrow, the planting material after fermentation directly packs inoculation, bacterium bag living contaminants is few, and the Hericium erinaceus (Bull. Ex Fr.) Pers. quality of producing is good, output is high.

The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

A making method for Hericium erinaceus culture material, comprises batching, fermentation, turning, pack, inoculation, sends out bacterium, concrete operation step:

(1) prepare burden: wood chip 32-38%, cotton seed hulls 26-34%, corn cob 10%, wheat bran 20%, mushroom tang 3-4%, potassium primary phosphate 0.1%, calcium superphosphate 0.4%, calcium carbonate 1%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%; Described wood chip is the deciduous tree weed tree sawdust of particle diameter 3mm-5mm; Described corn cob is the cob after corn threshing, through drying, being ground into the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm; Described mushroom tang is the tankage in the Lentnus edodes course of processing, is ground into the particle of 2mm-3mm after drying;

(2) ferment: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then leach liquor is admixed in wood chip, cotton seed hulls, corn cob compound together with champignon stems slag uniformly, stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the culture material often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m ³, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;

(3) turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keep 24h, then carry out turning, and turning every day later once, during first time turning, add calcium carbonate, calcium superphosphate, potassium primary phosphate is added during second time turning, wheat bran is added, altogether turning 3-4 time, time remaining 5d-6d during last turning, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;

(4) pack, inoculate, send out bacterium: the planting material fermented is after heat radiation, load the polypropylene plastics pocket of 17cm × 35cm × 0.004cm, stamp and plant bacterium hole, during pack, bag two ends and plant in bacterium hole and put into bacterial classification, then cultivating bag is emitted in dark bacteria room, temperature controls at 20 DEG C-22 DEG C, humid control at 60%-75%, through the cultivation of 28-30d, mycelia covers with pocket, enters management of producing mushroom routinely.

Mushroom tang is applied to the method for Hericium erinaceus culture by the present invention, and apart from outside explanation, other operation steps is all undertaken by this area routine techniques.

The present invention's advantage is compared with prior art:

1. mushroom tang leach liquor is full-natural nutritive liquid, containing glucide, amino acid, peptide class, nucleic acid and trace element, bio-hormone also containing abundant species, also the biologically active substance do not leached in a large number is had in champignon stems slag, add and expect to mix and stir to carry out banking up with culturing raw material to ferment with the immersion of mushroom tang, promote beneficial microorganism breeding, improve the microorganism species in material, accelerate the catalytic decomposition of planting material;

2. the planting material after fermentation has high reactivity probiotics and active metabolite thereof, has accelerating effect, show as prosperous, the anti-miscellaneous bacteria ability of mycelium growth vigor strong to the growth of hericium mycelium;

3. save the resource such as manpower, coal, decrease environmental pollution, meet low-carbon environment-friendly theory.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described, and what do not illustrate in detail in embodiment is all state of the art.

Embodiment 1: a kind of making method of Hericium erinaceus culture material, comprises batching, fermentation, turning, pack, inoculation, sends out bacterium, concrete operation step:

1. prepare burden: wood chip 35%, cotton seed hulls 30%, corn cob 10%, wheat bran 20%, mushroom tang 3.5%, potassium primary phosphate 0.1%, calcium superphosphate 0.4%, calcium carbonate 1%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%;

2. ferment: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then leach liquor is admixed in wood chip, cotton seed hulls, corn cob compound together with champignon stems slag uniformly, stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the culture material often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m ³, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;

3. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keep 24h, then carry out turning, and turning every day later once, during first time turning, add calcium carbonate, calcium superphosphate, potassium primary phosphate is added during second time turning, wheat bran is added, altogether turning 3 times, time remaining 5d during third time turning, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;

4. pack, inoculate, send out bacterium: the planting material fermented is after heat radiation, load the polypropylene plastics pocket of 17cm × 35cm × 0.004cm, stamp and plant bacterium hole, during pack, bag two ends and plant in bacterium hole and put into bacterial classification, then cultivating bag is emitted in dark bacteria room, temperature controls at 20 DEG C-22 DEG C, humid control at 60%-75%, through the cultivation of 30d, mycelia covers with pocket, enters management of producing mushroom routinely.

Embodiment 2: a kind of making method of Hericium erinaceus culture material, comprises batching, fermentation, turning, pack, inoculation, sends out bacterium, concrete operation step:

1. prepare burden: wood chip 35%, cotton seed hulls 30%, corn cob 10%, wheat bran 20%, mushroom tang 3.5%, potassium primary phosphate 0.1%, calcium superphosphate 0.4%, calcium carbonate 1%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%;

2. ferment: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then the leach liquor after removing slag is admixed in wood chip, cotton seed hulls, corn cob compound uniformly, stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the culture material often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m ³, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;

3. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keep 24h, then carry out turning, and turning every day later once, during first time turning, add calcium carbonate, calcium superphosphate, potassium primary phosphate is added during second time turning, wheat bran is added, altogether turning 3 times, time remaining 5d during third time turning, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;

4. pack, inoculate, send out bacterium: the planting material fermented is after heat radiation, load the polypropylene plastics pocket of 17cm × 35cm × 0.004cm, stamp and plant bacterium hole, during pack, bag two ends and plant in bacterium hole and put into bacterial classification, then cultivating bag is emitted in dark bacteria room, temperature controls at 20 DEG C-22 DEG C, humid control at 60%-75%, through the cultivation of 32d, mycelia covers with pocket, enters management of producing mushroom routinely.

Control group: Hericium erinaceus (Bull. Ex Fr.) Pers. grog is cultivated, concrete operation step:

1. prepare burden: wood chip 36.5%, cotton seed hulls 32%, corn cob 10%, wheat bran 20%, potassium primary phosphate 0.1%, calcium superphosphate 0.4%, calcium carbonate 1%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%;

2. prewet: first wood chip, cotton seed hulls, corn cob siccative are mixed thoroughly, then add potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution and to prewet 2h;

3. spice: after wheat bran, calcium carbonate, calcium superphosphate siccative are mixed thoroughly, add in the compound of having prewetted, stir, make the water content of planting material remain on 63%-65%;

4. pack, sterilizing: employing specification is the high-pressure polypropylene plastics bag charging of 17cm × 35cm × 0.005cm, carries out normal-pressure sterilization after pack, when kettle temperature reaches 100 DEG C, keeps 10h-12h;

5. cool, inoculate: naturally cool to less than 25 DEG C and access bacterial classification, then cultivating bag is emitted in dark bacteria room, temperature controls at 22 DEG C-24 DEG C, and humid control is at 60%-75%, and through the cultivation of 34d, mycelia covers with pocket, enters management of producing mushroom routinely.

Table one Hericium erinaceus (Bull. Ex Fr.) Pers. biological efficiency compares

As can be seen from Table I: the ferment effect utilizing mushroom tang leach liquor to add than single leach liquor together with the ferment effect that champignon stems slag adds is good, mycelial growth rate is fast, and bacterium bag pollution rate is low, and biological efficiency is high; Compared with control group, embodiment 1 all has obvious advantage in mycelial growth rate, anti-living contaminants and output.

Claims (1)

1. a making method for Hericium erinaceus culture material, comprises batching, fermentation, turning, pack, inoculation, sends out bacterium, it is characterized in that:

(1) prepare burden: wood chip 32-38%, cotton seed hulls 26-34%, corn cob 10%, wheat bran 20%, mushroom tang 3-4%, potassium primary phosphate 0.1%, calcium superphosphate 0.4%, calcium carbonate 1%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%; Described wood chip is the deciduous tree weed tree sawdust of particle diameter 3mm-5mm; Described corn cob is the cob after corn threshing, through drying, being ground into the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm; Described mushroom tang is the tankage in the Lentnus edodes course of processing, is ground into the particle of 2mm-3mm after drying;

(2) ferment: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then leach liquor is admixed in wood chip, cotton seed hulls, corn cob compound together with champignon stems slag uniformly, stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the culture material often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m ³, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;

(3) turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keep 24h, then carry out turning, and turning every day later once, during first time turning, add calcium carbonate, calcium superphosphate, potassium primary phosphate is added during second time turning, wheat bran is added, altogether turning 3-4 time, time remaining 5d-6d during last turning, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%;

(4) pack, inoculate, send out bacterium: the planting material fermented is after heat radiation, load the polypropylene plastics pocket of 17cm × 35cm × 0.004cm, stamp and plant bacterium hole, during pack, bag two ends and plant in bacterium hole and put into bacterial classification, then cultivating bag is emitted in dark bacteria room, temperature controls at 20 DEG C-22 DEG C, humid control at 60%-75%, through the cultivation of 28-30d, mycelia covers with pocket, enters management of producing mushroom routinely.