CN104542405A - Method for manually domesticating coilia ectenes to eat floating pellet diet - Google Patents
Method for manually domesticating coilia ectenes to eat floating pellet diet Download PDFInfo
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- CN104542405A CN104542405A CN201510039149.5A CN201510039149A CN104542405A CN 104542405 A CN104542405 A CN 104542405A CN 201510039149 A CN201510039149 A CN 201510039149A CN 104542405 A CN104542405 A CN 104542405A
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- pellet diet
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- 235000021401 pellet diet Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 241001460967 Coilia nasus Species 0.000 title abstract description 15
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 54
- 241001430403 Coilia grayii Species 0.000 claims description 24
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000019688 fish Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- 241001371765 Coilia ramcarti Species 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009318 large scale farming Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 4
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241001454694 Clupeiformes Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000143060 Americamysis bahia Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000825055 Coilia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000167554 Engraulidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001125843 Trichiuridae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019513 anchovy Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002180 anti-stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021405 artificial diet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000006694 eating habits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003862 health status Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033764 rhythmic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for manually domesticating coilia ectenes to eat floating pellet diet. The method includes selecting eating domestication time; setting requirements on an eating domestication tank and a net box and reasonable coilia ectenes eating domestication density; selecting eating domestication feed; performing special processing and flashing induction on the pellet diet. By the method, 15 days are needed to completely domesticate coilia ectenes to eat the floating pellet diet, so that the feed problem of coilia ectenes is solved, and growing speed and yield of the coilia ectenes are increased remarkably; the method is suitable for large-scale farming of coilia ectenes and is of important significance in intensive development of coilia ectenes farming industry.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of aquaculture, relate to a kind of method that fish tame and docile food, the artificial of especially a kind of important migration fishes-cutter long-tailed anchovy tames and dociles food floating pellet diet method.
Background technology
Coilia ectenes in Yangtze River (
coilia nasus), be subordinate to Clupeiformes (Clupeiformes), Anchovy section (Engraulidae), long-tailed anchovy belong to (
coilia), be commonly called as hairtail, plump grossness, meat delicate flavour is beautiful, with fresh, tender, beautiful and well-known, be the breeding migration fish of enjoying one of " the Changjiang river three delicacies " good reputation, have larger economy, ecology and learning value.In view of the continuous decline of wild Coilia ectenes in Yangtze River resource, from 2003, China Aquatic Science Research Academy Fresh Water Fishery Research Center etc. just set about carrying out the Germ-plasma resources protection of Coilia ectenes in Yangtze River, whole artificial propagation technology, rearing of fingerling and ecological culturex research.Initiate the new page that the filling Jiang Namiao technology of Coilia ectenes in Yangtze River and resisting stress transportation technology have raised artificial breeding cultivation, by the end of the year 2014, achieve a series of achievement in research, Coilia ectenes in Yangtze River aquaculture is progressively risen, and cutter long-tailed anchovy has become the high-quality fresh water aquaculture kind that a kind of market is well sold and in short supply, have a extensive future.
Due to the nutritive value of cutter long-tailed anchovy, good adaptability and the advantage such as premunition and the market price, can promote in pond culture and cages in reservoir cultivation.At present, generally adopt natural fresh and alive bait fishes and shrimps to throw something and feed, but the breeding of supporting bait fishes and shrimps with cultivated into one of maximum bottlenecks of large-scale cultivation; In addition; patent of invention " a kind of wild Coilia ectenes in Yangtze River fingerling is tamed and dociled anthropophagy's work feed formula and tamed and dociled the method for food " (patent No.: ZL201210140779.8) discloses and adopts the slow heavy feed of self-control to carry out the method that cutter long-tailed anchovy tames and dociles food; but there is the problem that practicality is not high, feed waste is larger; therefore; in the urgent need to a kind of energy directional transformation cutter long-tailed anchovy eating habit; food technology is tamed and dociled based on feeding habits transformation mechanism domestication fish the artificial of floating pellet diet that ingest; to improve the cultured output of cutter long-tailed anchovy, promote industrial scale development further.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, for the deficiencies in the prior art, determine that cutter long-tailed anchovy the best tames and dociles anthropophagy's work floating pellet diet stage, the method for inducing and domesticating of the high-density breeding of a kind of cutter long-tailed anchovy is proposed, this method is thrown after passing through the process of floating pellet diet in advance to raise and is tamed and dociled food and progressively transit to floating pellet diet of ingesting completely, set up the artificial diet technique of 3-5cm cutter long-tailed anchovy seedling, make cutter long-tailed anchovy transfer artificial floating pellet diet to and raise thus provide new thinking for the industrialization realizing cutter long-tailed anchovy cultivates.
The present invention for achieving the above object, adopts following technical scheme:
The artificial of cutter long-tailed anchovy tames and dociles a food floating pellet diet method, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) slow heavy pellet, suspended particulate shape feed and floating pellet diet is prepared;
(2) cutter tapertail anchovy seedling drops into tame and docile after food device adapts to 1 day and starts to tame and docile food; 5:30-6:30 and 18:30-19:30 every day two time period timings are selected to carry out taming and dociling food; Throw something and feed feed time, carry out light induction with flash of light;
(3) tame and docile the slow heavy pellet that food adopts preparation for first 5 days, tame and docile food, 40min-60min to throw something and feed gradually a little lentamente, the fish migration to 80% stops throwing raising; 6th day to the 10th day, suspended particulate shape feed of throwing something and feeding, 40min-60min, the fish migration to 80% stops throwing raising; 11st day to the 15th day, throw something and feed the compound of suspended particulate shape feed and floating pellet diet, along with the prolongation of tame and docile food time during mixing, special suspended particulate shape feed gradually reduces, floating pellet diet progressively increases, ingest time is about 60min, fishes for residual feed; Until the 16th day floating pellet diet of all throwing something and feeding, namely cutter tapertail anchovy seedling turns food floating pellet diet completely.
It is further characterized in that: floating pellet diet described in step (1) is the fish floating pellet diet of fat content at 8%-10%, particle diameter 2-3mm;
Described suspended particulate shape feed is the granule described floating pellet diet being pulverized into particle diameter 0.3-0.6mm, evenly sprays water and stir with the part by weight of atomizer by 20:1 and form towards the granule feed pulverized;
Described slow heavy pellet for soak 3-6 minute by described floating pellet diet in water, and the granule being then rolled into particle diameter 0.3-0.6mm forms.
In described step (2), light induction adopts torch flash of light to carry out light induction, and intensity of light is at 800Lx-1000Lx, and flicker frequency is 40 times/min.
Food device is tamed and dociled for taming and dociling food pool specialized or net cage in described step (3);
Described tame and docile food pool specialized requires as circular tempering aquarium or rectangle cement pit, single pool area 50-100 square metre, and the dark 1.5-2.0 rice in pond, is provided with micro-pore oxygen increasing device, and Chi Shui becomes miniflow water state, flow velocity 0.1-0.2m
3/ min, transparency 30-40cm, dissolved oxygen>=6mg/L, ammonia nitrogen≤0.1mg/L, water inlet 80 eye mesh screens filter;
Described net cage adopt mesh size be the polyethylene of 3.0-5.0mm without joint net, square individual layer net cage, net cage area is 80-150 square metre, net cage more than height 2.5m; Net cage waters water transparency 30-40cm is set, dissolved oxygen >=6mg/L, ammonia nitrogen≤0.1mg/L.
It is 60-80 tail/m that the cutter tapertail anchovy seedling of described tame and docile food pool specialized throws in density
2; The input density of net cage is 80-100 tail/m
2.
Preferred: described cutter tapertail anchovy seedling selects the long 3-5cm of body after halogen worm reinforced cultivating, the cutter tapertail anchovy seedling of body weight 0.4-0.6g is for taming and dociling food object.
Compared with the prior art the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, make full use of cutter tapertail anchovy seedling visual characteristic, adopt flash of light induction to tame and docile food, instant effect, easily to grasp.Floating pellet diet is good at water stability, floatability 10-12h, and the shoal of fish is primered and robs food, directly can observe ingest growth and the health status of fry, ensure that survival rate and the growth rate of fingerling.
2, tame and docile food technological applicability of the present invention is strong, promotional value is large, the loaded down with trivial details waste can avoiding again feed of live bait Collocation cultivation can be avoided, cutter long-tailed anchovy intensive culture level can be promoted, improve the seed output and quality of cutter long-tailed anchovy, greatly can promote cutter long-tailed anchovy aquaculture industry development process.
Embodiment
The artificial of cutter long-tailed anchovy tames and dociles a food floating pellet diet method, comprises the following steps:
1, best determination of taming and dociling the food stage:
According to the characteristic of growing of cutter tapertail anchovy seedling, select the long 3-5cm of body after halogen worm reinforced cultivating, the cutter tapertail anchovy seedling of body weight 0.4-0.6g is for taming and dociling food object, and this stage strong adaptability, responsive to illumination variation, anti-stress ability strong, is the optimal state that high density tames and dociles food.
2, select to tame and docile food pool specialized and net cage:
Indoor pool specialized requires: circular tempering aquarium or rectangle cement pit, single pool area 50-100 square metre, and the dark 1.5-2.0 rice in pond, is provided with micro-pore oxygen increasing device, and Chi Shui becomes miniflow water state, flow velocity 0.1-0.2m
3/ min, transparency 30-40cm, dissolved oxygen>=6mg/L, ammonia nitrogen≤0.1mg/L, water inlet 80 eye mesh screens filter.
Tame and docile food net cage to require: net cage adopt mesh size be the polyethylene of 3.0-5.0mm without joint net, square individual layer net cage, but net cage area is 80-150 square metre, net cage more than height 2.5m; Net cage waters water transparency 30-40cm is set, dissolved oxygen >=6mg/L, ammonia nitrogen≤0.1mg/L.
3, the density of tame and docile ichthyophagy seedling is determined:
The input density 60-80 tail/m of circular tempering aquarium and rectangle cement pit
2; The input density 80-100 tail/m of net cage
2.
4, selection and the process of food feed is tamed and dociled:
(1) select fat content at the fish floating pellet diet of 8%-10%, particle diameter 2-3mm, soaks about 5 minutes with water by this floating pellet diet, then rolls the granule that feed becomes particle diameter about 0.5mm, makes slow heavy pellet, for subsequent use.
(2) the fish floating pellet diet of fat content at 8%-10% is selected equally, particle diameter 2-3mm, with cracker, floating pellet diet is pulverized into the granule of particle diameter about 0.5mm, evenly spray water by the ratio of atomizer in 20:1 towards the granule feed pulverized and stir, make special suspended particulate shape feed, for subsequent use.
5, food process is tamed and dociled:
Can start to tame and docile food after cutter tapertail anchovy seedling input cultivation pond or net cage adapt to 1 day.According to cutter tapertail anchovy seedling f eeding rhythm, 6:00 and 19:00 every day two time point timings are selected to carry out taming and dociling food; Throw something and feed feed time, with torch flash of light carry out light induction, intensity of light is at 800Lx-1000Lx, and flicker frequency is 40 times/min.Tame and docile the slow heavy pellet that food adopts preparation for first 5 days, tame and docile food, about 40min to throw something and feed gradually a little lentamente, the fish migration to 80% stops throwing raising; 6th day to the 10th day, special suspended particulate shape feed of throwing something and feeding, about 40min, the fish migration to 80% stops throwing raising; 11st day to the 15th day, throw something and feed special suspended particulate shape feed+untreated floating pellet diet compound, along with the prolongation of tame and docile food time during mixing, special suspended particulate shape feed gradually reduces, floating pellet diet progressively increases, ingest time is about 60min, fishes for residual feed; Until the 16th day floating pellet diet of all throwing something and feeding, namely cutter tapertail anchovy seedling turns anthropophagy's work floating pellet diet completely.
Claims (6)
1. cutter long-tailed anchovy manually tames and dociles a method for food floating pellet diet, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) slow heavy pellet, suspended particulate shape feed and floating pellet diet is prepared;
(2) cutter tapertail anchovy seedling drops into tame and docile after food device adapts to 1 day and starts to tame and docile food; 5:30-6:30 and 18:30-19:30 every day two time period timings are selected to carry out taming and dociling food; Throw something and feed feed time, carry out light induction with flash of light;
(3) tame and docile the slow heavy pellet that food adopts preparation for first 5 days, tame and docile food, 40min-60min to throw something and feed gradually a little lentamente, the fish migration to 80% stops throwing raising; 6th day to the 10th day, suspended particulate shape feed of throwing something and feeding, 40min-60min, the fish migration to 80% stops throwing raising; 11st day to the 15th day, the compound of throw something and feed suspended particulate shape feed and floating pellet diet, along with the prolongation of tame and docile food time during mixing, special suspended particulate shape feed gradually reduces, floating pellet diet progressively increases, and ingest time 60min, fishes for residual feed; Until the 16th day floating pellet diet of all throwing something and feeding, namely cutter tapertail anchovy seedling turns food floating pellet diet completely.
2. cutter long-tailed anchovy according to claim 1 manually tames and dociles the method for food floating pellet diet, it is characterized in that: floating pellet diet described in step (1) is the fish floating pellet diet of fat content at 8%-10%, particle diameter 2-3mm;
Described suspended particulate shape feed is the granule described floating pellet diet being pulverized into particle diameter 0.3-0.6mm, evenly sprays water and stir with the part by weight of atomizer by 20:1 and form towards the granule feed pulverized;
Described slow heavy pellet for soak 3-6 minute by described floating pellet diet in water, and the granule being then rolled into particle diameter 0.3-0.6mm forms.
3. cutter long-tailed anchovy according to claim 1 manually tames and dociles the method for food floating pellet diet, it is characterized in that: in described step (2), light induction adopts torch flash of light to carry out light induction, and intensity of light is at 800Lx-1000Lx, and flicker frequency is 40 times/min.
4. cutter long-tailed anchovy according to claim 1 manually tames and dociles the method for food floating pellet diet, it is characterized in that: tame and docile food device in described step (3) for taming and dociling food pool specialized or net cage;
Described tame and docile food pool specialized requires as circular tempering aquarium or rectangle cement pit, single pool area 50-100 square metre, and the dark 1.5-2.0 rice in pond, is provided with micro-pore oxygen increasing device, and Chi Shui becomes miniflow water state, flow velocity 0.1-0.2m
3/ min, transparency 30-40cm, dissolved oxygen>=6mg/L, ammonia nitrogen≤0.1mg/L, water inlet 80 eye mesh screens filter;
Described net cage adopt mesh size be the polyethylene of 3.0-5.0mm without joint net, square individual layer net cage, net cage area is 80-150 square metre, net cage more than height 2.5m; Net cage waters water transparency 30-40cm is set, dissolved oxygen >=6mg/L, ammonia nitrogen≤0.1mg/L.
5. cutter long-tailed anchovy according to claim 4 manually tames and dociles the method for food floating pellet diet, it is characterized in that: it is 60-80 tail/m that the cutter tapertail anchovy seedling of described tame and docile food pool specialized throws in density
2; The input density of net cage is 80-100 tail/m
2.
6. the cutter long-tailed anchovy according to any one of claim 1-5 manually tames and dociles the method for food floating pellet diet, it is characterized in that: described cutter tapertail anchovy seedling selects the long 3-5cm of body after halogen worm reinforced cultivating, and the cutter tapertail anchovy seedling of body weight 0.4-0.6g is for taming and dociling food object.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510039149.5A CN104542405B (en) | 2015-01-27 | 2015-01-27 | A kind of cutter long-tailed anchovy manually tames and dociles the method for food floating pellet diet |
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| CN201510039149.5A CN104542405B (en) | 2015-01-27 | 2015-01-27 | A kind of cutter long-tailed anchovy manually tames and dociles the method for food floating pellet diet |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105210944A (en) * | 2015-10-10 | 2016-01-06 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | A kind of become the method for light migration fishes fry net cage biological breeding |
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| CN101564017A (en) * | 2009-03-19 | 2009-10-28 | 江阴市申港三鲜养殖有限公司 | Pool ecological breeding method for coilia nasus by filling river water to accept fries |
| CN101692791A (en) * | 2009-08-21 | 2010-04-14 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Totally artificial breeding method for Coilia ectenes |
| CN102283150A (en) * | 2011-07-08 | 2011-12-21 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Method for pond culturing Coilia ectenes |
| CN102640870A (en) * | 2012-05-09 | 2012-08-22 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Wild Yangtze river coilia ectenes feeding habit forming artificial feed recipe and feeding habit forming method |
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2015
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101564017A (en) * | 2009-03-19 | 2009-10-28 | 江阴市申港三鲜养殖有限公司 | Pool ecological breeding method for coilia nasus by filling river water to accept fries |
| CN101692791A (en) * | 2009-08-21 | 2010-04-14 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Totally artificial breeding method for Coilia ectenes |
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| CN102640870A (en) * | 2012-05-09 | 2012-08-22 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Wild Yangtze river coilia ectenes feeding habit forming artificial feed recipe and feeding habit forming method |
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| Title |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN105210944A (en) * | 2015-10-10 | 2016-01-06 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | A kind of become the method for light migration fishes fry net cage biological breeding |
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