CN104541650B - A kind of open-pit mine stope dynamic reclamation method - Google Patents
A kind of open-pit mine stope dynamic reclamation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104541650B CN104541650B CN201510062763.3A CN201510062763A CN104541650B CN 104541650 B CN104541650 B CN 104541650B CN 201510062763 A CN201510062763 A CN 201510062763A CN 104541650 B CN104541650 B CN 104541650B
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Abstract
A kind of open-pit mine stope dynamic reclamation method. Its technical scheme is: when first and second Bench mining terminates, and successively first step domatic (1) and square position, first step bottom (2) is reclaimed, and the 3rd square position, step bottom (6) is adopted stripping simultaneously and advanced; When 3rd Bench mining terminates, successively second step domatic (3) and square position, second step bottom (4) being reclaimed, the 4th square position, step bottom (7) is adopted stripping simultaneously and is advanced; By that analogy, until last step adopt stripping complete, successively the second last bench face and square position, the second last step bottom are reclaimed, then last step are reclaimed. Spraying and seeding afforesting technology is adopted, with hydroseeding equipment (5) successively to intending reclaiming bench face and sow grass seeds by duster in plan square position, step bottom of reclaiming, sow grass seeds by duster complete non-woven fabrics or straw screen or mat covering on the square position, next step bottom of step of intending reclaiming when reclaiming. The advantage that the present invention has efficiency height of reclaiming, soil reclaimation is good, the mining area ecological environment recovery cycle is short and reclaims in mining limit, limit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to stope dynamic reclamation technical field. It is specifically related to a kind of open-pit mine stope dynamic reclamation method.
Technical background
The exploitation of mineral resources is conducive to the national economic development, but also can mining area ecological environment be damaged, the local Ecological Civilization Construction of impact. Most domestic mine adopts strip mining transformation, during opencast mining, the layout of refuse dump, industrial sites, stope and Transportation Highway and construction can cause covering and destroying of Land Resource in Mining Area, especially stope adopt stripping operation can directly destroy massif, remove vegetation, rock mass exposed after adopting stripping not only can change the original landforms in mining area, and hides some dangers for for disasters such as the avalanche in later stage, landslides. Meanwhile, the table soil that stope is peeled off is deposited in refuse dump, and mud-stone flow disaster easily occurs under condition of raining.
At present, domestic opencut common practice is first to dig up mine to administer afterwards, namely just starts to be reclaimed in mining area after Mine closure, and stope bench face many employings liana is multiple green. The last slope that form of step after being terminated by mining domatic steep, square position width is little, the discrepancy in elevation greatly, must process before reclaiming, the operation that otherwise cannot be carried out reclaiming safely maybe can not use relatively large equipment to reclaim. Therefore, it is long that the way administered afterwards of first digging up mine often results in the land deterioration in mining area time, and stope is reclaimed, and efficiency is low, weak effect. Now, country emphasizes the restoration harness to mining area ecological environment further, clearly proposes Newly-built mine and must carry out land reclamation in mining area work, makes the ecological environment that mining destroys farthest improve and recover, it is achieved mining and environmental conservation coordinated development. Therefore, first dig up mine and administer afterwards and stope bench face adopts the multiple green way of liana can not meet requirement gradually.
In recent years, development along with side slope Reclamation Technique, spraying and seeding afforesting technology is gradually available for side slope and reclaims, its cost of reclaiming is low, effective, and develop many high efficiency hydroseeding equipments, it is particularly suited for reclaiming of steeper slope of rock mass, if this technology combined with mining, the dynamic reclamation operation reclaimed in mining limit, open-pit mine stope limit can be realized, but currently without such technical method.
Summary of the invention
It is contemplated that overcome prior art defect, it is therefore an objective to provide a kind of efficiency high, effective and mining area ecological environment recovers cycle short open-pit mine stope dynamic reclamation method.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
When first step mining and second step mining terminate, reclaiming and reclaim in square position, first step bottom to first step is domatic successively, the 3rd square position, step bottom is adopted stripping simultaneously and is advanced.
When 3rd Bench mining terminates, reclaiming and reclaim in square position, second step bottom to second step is domatic successively, the 4th square position, step bottom (7) is adopted stripping simultaneously and is advanced.
������
When (n-1)th (n is the natural number of >=4) Bench mining terminates, successively the n-th-2 bench face being reclaimed and reclaim in the n-th-2 square position, step bottom, the n-th square position, step bottom is adopted stripping simultaneously and is advanced.
When n-th Bench mining terminates, successively the (n-1)th bench face being reclaimed and reclaim in the (n-1)th square position, step bottom, the (n+1)th square position, step bottom is adopted stripping simultaneously and is advanced.
From top to bottom, until last step adopt stripping complete, successively the second last bench face is reclaimed and reclaims in square position, the second last step bottom; Again last step is reclaimed.
The method that described bench face carries out reclaiming is: bench face of first plan being reclaimed removes Pumex and removes crag, then beats anchor pole on plan reclaims bench face and hangs three dimensional network; Last adopt hydroseeding equipment that bench face of intending reclaiming is sowed grass seeds by duster on the square position, next step bottom of step of intending reclaiming, first time sows grass seeds by duster the material of sowing grass seeds by duster without plant seed, thickness of sowing grass seeds by duster is 7��9cm, second time is sowed grass seeds by duster the material of sowing grass seeds by duster containing liana and herbaceous plant seeds, and thickness of sowing grass seeds by duster is 2��4cm.
The method that square position, described step bottom carries out reclaiming is: sow grass seeds by duster complete when intending bench face of reclaiming, sow grass seeds by duster to intending square position, step bottom of reclaiming, first time sows grass seeds by duster the material of sowing grass seeds by duster without plant seed, thickness of sowing grass seeds by duster is 7��9cm, second time is sowed grass seeds by duster the material of sowing grass seeds by duster containing shrub plant and herbaceous plant seeds, and thickness of sowing grass seeds by duster is 2��4cm.
Intend reclaiming bench face and plan is reclaimed after square position, step bottom sows grass seeds by duster, cover with non-woven fabrics or straw screen or mat.
Described hydroseeding equipment should meet:
H>2h(1)
S>(lmax+2hcot��)(2)
In formula (1) and formula (2): H represents the lift of hydroseeding equipment;
S represents that the level of hydroseeding equipment is sowed grass seeds by duster distance;
H represents shoulder height;
lmaxThe Breadth Maximum of the square position, step bottom sowed grass seeds by duster is intended in expression;
�� represents bank slope.
Owing to adopting technique scheme, the present invention compared with prior art has the beneficial effect that
1. efficiency of reclaiming height
The present invention is when first step mining and second step mining terminate, square position, second step bottom adopts hydroseeding equipment successively that first step is domatic and sow grass seeds by duster in square position, first step bottom, 3rd square position, step bottom is adopted stripping simultaneously and is advanced, it is changed without the width of the angle that first step is domatic and square position, first step bottom before sowing grass seeds by duster, mechanization degree is high, technique of reclaiming is simple, mining with reclaim operation vehicle allocation and transportation separate, be independent of each other, efficiency of reclaiming height.
2. soil reclaimation is good
Stope is intended reclaiming bench face and plan is reclaimed, and square position, step bottom is generally individually for exposed rock mass, and it is steep to intend bench face of reclaiming, spraying and seeding afforesting technology is adopted to reclaim, by beating anchor pole, hang three dimensional network and the operation such as sow grass seeds by duster, the material that makes to sow grass seeds by duster forms overall structure with rock stratum tight bond, it is prevented that the stream of sowing grass seeds by duster caused because of rain drop erosion is become estranged and come down; Bench face of intending reclaiming is sowed grass seeds by duster the material of sowing grass seeds by duster containing liana and herbaceous plant seeds, sow grass seeds by duster the material of sowing grass seeds by duster containing shrub plant and herbaceous plant seeds in square position, step bottom of intending reclaiming, after sowing grass seeds by duster, cover with non-woven fabrics or straw screen or mat, floristics is arranged in pairs or groups rationally, is evenly distributed, material good water-retaining property of sowing grass seeds by duster, therefore, plant survival rate is high, area coverage is wide, and soil reclaimation is good.
3. the mining area ecological environment recovery cycle is short
During adopting stripping operation, stope step is reclaimed, decreases and adopt the open-assembly time of exposed rock mass after stripping, carry out relatively early reclaiming to it, can reduce its come down, the probability of avalanche;The table soil piled up in refuse dump is using the important component as material of sowing grass seeds by duster. Along with reclaiming of stope, in refuse dump, the accumulating amount of table soil reduces therewith, and floor space and later stage workload of reclaiming can reduce, and shortens the recovery cycle of mining area ecological environment.
4. reclaim in mining limit in limit
In stope, ore deposit rock is exploited successively from top to bottom by step and reclaims, when the next Bench mining of step of intending reclaiming terminates, square position, its underpart adopt hydroseeding equipment to intending reclaiming bench face and sow grass seeds by duster in plan square position, step bottom of reclaiming, and native stone unrestrained before and after sowing grass seeds by duster is cleared up, it is to avoid produce impact to adopting stripping operation; Adopt the square position, step bottom of stripping operation to adopt stripping from outside to inside and advance so that it is do not affect and intend reclaim bench face and the operation of reclaiming of square position, step bottom of intending reclaiming, also reduce the blasting vibration impact on step of reclaiming when adopting stripping simultaneously; Therefore present invention achieves mining limit, limit and reclaim.
Therefore, the feature that the present invention has efficiency height of reclaiming, soil reclaimation is good, the mining area ecological environment recovery cycle is short and reclaims in mining limit, limit, it is adaptable to open-pit mine stope is reclaimed.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is one schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic three dimensional views of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of reclaiming of the second step domatic 3 of Fig. 1 and square position, second step bottom 4.
Detailed description of the invention:
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described, not the restriction to its protection domain.
Embodiment 1
A kind of open-pit mine stope dynamic reclamation method. Described dynamic reclamation method is as depicted in figs. 1 and 2:
When first step mining and second step mining terminate, successively first step domatic 1 being reclaimed and reclaim in square position, first step bottom 2, the 3rd square position, step bottom 6 is adopted stripping simultaneously and is advanced.
When 3rd Bench mining terminates, successively second step domatic 3 being reclaimed and reclaim in square position, second step bottom 4, the 4th square position, step bottom 7 is adopted stripping simultaneously and is advanced.
������
(n-1)th n is the natural number Bench mining of >=4 when terminating, and successively the n-th-2 bench face is reclaimed and reclaims in the n-th-2 square position, step bottom, and the n-th square position, step bottom is adopted stripping simultaneously and advanced.
When n-th Bench mining terminates, successively the (n-1)th bench face being reclaimed and reclaim in the (n-1)th square position, step bottom, the (n+1)th square position, step bottom is adopted stripping simultaneously and is advanced.
From top to bottom, until last step adopt stripping complete, successively the second last bench face is reclaimed and reclaims in square position, the second last step bottom; Again last step is reclaimed.
The method that described bench face carries out reclaiming is: bench face of first plan being reclaimed removes Pumex and removes crag, then as it is shown on figure 3, beat anchor pole 10 on plan reclaims bench face and hang three dimensional network 9; Last adopt hydroseeding equipment 5 that bench face of intending reclaiming is sowed grass seeds by duster on the square position, next step bottom of step of intending reclaiming, first time sows grass seeds by duster the material 8 of sowing grass seeds by duster without plant seed, thickness of sowing grass seeds by duster is 7��9cm, second time is sowed grass seeds by duster the material 8 of sowing grass seeds by duster containing liana and herbaceous plant seeds, and thickness of sowing grass seeds by duster is 2��4cm.
The method that square position, described step bottom carries out reclaiming is: sow grass seeds by duster complete when intending bench face of reclaiming, sow grass seeds by duster to intending square position, step bottom of reclaiming, first time sows grass seeds by duster the material 8 of sowing grass seeds by duster without plant seed, thickness of sowing grass seeds by duster is 7��9cm, second time is sowed grass seeds by duster the material 8 of sowing grass seeds by duster containing shrub plant and herbaceous plant seeds, and thickness of sowing grass seeds by duster is 2��4cm.
Intend reclaiming bench face and plan is reclaimed after square position, step bottom sows grass seeds by duster, cover with non-woven fabrics or straw screen or mat.
Described hydroseeding equipment 5 should meet:
H>2h(1)
S>lmax+2hcot��(2)
In formula (1) and formula (2): H represents the lift of hydroseeding equipment 5;
S represents that the level of hydroseeding equipment 5 is sowed grass seeds by duster distance;
H represents shoulder height;
lmaxThe Breadth Maximum of the square position, step bottom sowed grass seeds by duster is intended in expression;
�� represents bank slope.
This detailed description of the invention compared with prior art has the beneficial effect that
1. efficiency of reclaiming height
This detailed description of the invention is when first step mining and second step mining terminate, square position, second step bottom 4 adopt hydroseeding equipment 5 successively first step domatic 1 and square position, first step bottom 2 are sowed grass seeds by duster, 3rd square position, step bottom 6 is adopted stripping simultaneously and is advanced, without the width of the angle of first step domatic 1 and square position, first step bottom 2 is changed before sowing grass seeds by duster, mechanization degree is high, technique of reclaiming is simple, mining with reclaim operation vehicle allocation and transportation separate, be independent of each other, efficiency of reclaiming height.
2. soil reclaimation is good
Stope is intended reclaiming bench face and plan is reclaimed, and square position, step bottom is generally individually for exposed rock mass, and it is steep to intend bench face of reclaiming, spraying and seeding afforesting technology is adopted to reclaim, by beating anchor pole 10, hang three dimensional network 9 and the operation such as sow grass seeds by duster, make sow grass seeds by duster material 8 and rock stratum tight bond formation overall structure, it is prevented that the material 8 of sowing grass seeds by duster caused because of rain drop erosion runs off and comes down; Bench face of intending reclaiming is sowed grass seeds by duster the material 8 of sowing grass seeds by duster containing liana and herbaceous plant seeds, sow grass seeds by duster the material 8 of sowing grass seeds by duster containing shrub plant and herbaceous plant seeds in square position, step bottom of intending reclaiming, after sowing grass seeds by duster, cover with non-woven fabrics or straw screen or mat, floristics is arranged in pairs or groups rationally, is evenly distributed, material 8 good water-retaining property of sowing grass seeds by duster, therefore, plant survival rate is high, area coverage is wide, and soil reclaimation is good.
3. the mining area ecological environment recovery cycle is short
During adopting stripping operation, stope step is reclaimed, decreases and adopt the open-assembly time of exposed rock mass after stripping, carry out relatively early reclaiming to it, can reduce its come down, the probability of avalanche; The table soil piled up in refuse dump is using the important component as material 8 of sowing grass seeds by duster. Along with reclaiming of stope, in refuse dump, the accumulating amount of table soil reduces therewith, and floor space and later stage workload of reclaiming can reduce, and shortens the recovery cycle of mining area ecological environment.
4. reclaim in mining limit in limit
In stope, ore deposit rock is exploited successively from top to bottom by step and reclaims, when the next Bench mining of step of intending reclaiming terminates, square position, its underpart adopt hydroseeding equipment 5 to intending reclaiming bench face and sow grass seeds by duster in plan square position, step bottom of reclaiming, and native stone unrestrained before and after sowing grass seeds by duster is cleared up, it is to avoid produce impact to adopting stripping operation; Adopt the square position, step bottom of stripping operation to adopt stripping from outside to inside and advance so that it is do not affect and intend reclaim bench face and the operation of reclaiming of square position, step bottom of intending reclaiming, also reduce the blasting vibration impact on step of reclaiming when adopting stripping simultaneously; Therefore this detailed description of the invention achieves mining limit, limit and reclaims.
Therefore, the feature that this detailed description of the invention has efficiency height of reclaiming, soil reclaimation is good, the mining area ecological environment recovery cycle is short and reclaims in mining limit, limit, it is adaptable to open-pit mine stope is reclaimed.
Claims (2)
1. an open-pit mine stope dynamic reclamation method, it is characterised in that described dynamic reclamation method is:
When first step mining and second step mining terminate, successively first step domatic (1) being reclaimed and reclaim in square position, first step bottom (2), the 3rd square position, step bottom (6) is adopted stripping simultaneously and is advanced;
When 3rd Bench mining terminates, successively second step domatic (3) being reclaimed and reclaim in square position, second step bottom (4), the 4th square position, step bottom (7) is adopted stripping simultaneously and is advanced;
...;
When (n-1)th Bench mining terminates, n is the natural number of >=4, successively the n-th-2 bench face is reclaimed and reclaims in the n-th-2 square position, step bottom, and the n-th square position, step bottom is adopted stripping simultaneously and advanced;
When n-th Bench mining terminates, successively the (n-1)th bench face being reclaimed and reclaim in the (n-1)th square position, step bottom, the (n+1)th square position, step bottom is adopted stripping simultaneously and is advanced;
From top to bottom, until last step adopt stripping complete, successively the second last bench face is reclaimed and reclaims in square position, the second last step bottom; Again last step is reclaimed;
The method that described bench face carries out reclaiming is: bench face of first plan being reclaimed removes Pumex and removes crag, then beats anchor pole (10) and hangs three dimensional network (9) on plan reclaims bench face; Last adopt hydroseeding equipment (5) that bench face of intending reclaiming is sowed grass seeds by duster on the square position, next step bottom of step of intending reclaiming, first time sows grass seeds by duster the material (8) of sowing grass seeds by duster without plant seed, thickness of sowing grass seeds by duster is 7��9cm, second time is sowed grass seeds by duster the material (8) of sowing grass seeds by duster containing liana and herbaceous plant seeds, and thickness of sowing grass seeds by duster is 2��4cm;
The method that square position, described step bottom carries out reclaiming is: sow grass seeds by duster complete when intending bench face of reclaiming, sow grass seeds by duster to intending square position, step bottom of reclaiming, first time sows grass seeds by duster the material (8) of sowing grass seeds by duster without plant seed, thickness of sowing grass seeds by duster is 7��9cm, second time is sowed grass seeds by duster the material (8) of sowing grass seeds by duster containing shrub plant and herbaceous plant seeds, and thickness of sowing grass seeds by duster is 2��4cm;
Intend reclaiming bench face and plan is reclaimed after square position, step bottom sows grass seeds by duster, cover with non-woven fabrics or straw screen or mat.
2. open-pit mine stope dynamic reclamation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described hydroseeding equipment (5) should meet:
H>2h(1)
S>(lmax+2hcot��)(2)
In formula (1) and formula (2): H represents the lift of hydroseeding equipment (5);
S represents that the level of hydroseeding equipment (5) is sowed grass seeds by duster distance;
H represents shoulder height;
lmaxThe Breadth Maximum of the square position, step bottom sowed grass seeds by duster is intended in expression;
�� represents bank slope.
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| CN104541650B true CN104541650B (en) | 2016-06-08 |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107977426A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-05-01 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | A kind of open-pit mine stope step automatic update method |
| CN108049871B (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2019-04-16 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of open pit mine discharge method for facilitating internal dumping and reclaiming |
| CN108086980B (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2019-06-25 | 河南建筑材料研究设计院有限责任公司 | A kind of surface mine exploits the reclamation method of security platform and cleaning platform |
| CN108252718A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-07-06 | 长沙有色冶金设计研究院有限公司 | Suitable for the surface mining method of slight slope and thin ore body |
| CN109691336A (en) * | 2018-12-30 | 2019-04-30 | 内蒙古蒙草生态环境（集团）股份有限公司 | A kind of Mine production shade water-retaining method |
| CN109853597B (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2020-11-03 | 内蒙古师范大学 | Mine slope reclamation method and device |
| CN112685824B (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2022-01-04 | 西安科技大学 | Terrace type reclamation parameter optimization method considering mining subsidence deformation |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| SU882442A1 (en) * | 1980-02-18 | 1981-11-23 | Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Институт Почвоведения Ан Казсср | Method of reclamation of industrial quarries |
| RU2040876C1 (en) * | 1992-05-28 | 1995-08-09 | Энвер Магомед-Расулович Мирзоев | Method for reclamation of mountain and submontane dry slopes for perennial fruit-and-berry and forest-and-garden plantations |
| JP2002363990A (en) * | 2001-06-12 | 2002-12-18 | Nisshoku Corp | Slope seeding and planting method |
| CN101725353B (en) * | 2009-11-16 | 2012-04-25 | 四川省核工业地质局分析测试中心 | Uranium mine exploration residual facility management and vegetation recovery method in high-cold high-altitude regions |
| CN102561366A (en) * | 2011-12-08 | 2012-07-11 | 刘聪 | Vegetation recovery technology for coal gangue mountain of mining area |
| CN203912501U (en) * | 2014-07-15 | 2014-11-05 | 浩蓝环保股份有限公司 | A kind of vegetation felt that closes storehouse Reclamation for Some Mining Districts Tailings Dam |
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