CN104535184A - Light path structure of prism-grating imaging spectrometer - Google Patents
Light path structure of prism-grating imaging spectrometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN104535184A CN104535184A CN201410804004.5A CN201410804004A CN104535184A CN 104535184 A CN104535184 A CN 104535184A CN 201410804004 A CN201410804004 A CN 201410804004A CN 104535184 A CN104535184 A CN 104535184A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a light path structure of a prism-grating imaging spectrometer and belongs to the technical field of imaging spectra. The light path structure aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, spectral line distortion is large, and grating selection is unique. The light path structure comprises an entrance slit, a collimating objective, a prism-gating light distribution element, an imaging objective and an area-array detector. The collimating objective and the imaging objective are both batteries of lenses and can be designed to be of the same optical structure. The prism-gating light distribution element comprises a prism, a long pass light filter and a transmission grating, wherein the long pass light filter is arranged between the prism and the transmission grating. The transmission grating can be a volume-phase holographic transmission grating/surface etched transmission grating having high diffraction efficiency. Light going out of the entrance slit becomes parallel light beams after passing through the collimating objective, the parallel light beams irradiate into the prism-gating light distribution element. The parallel light beams pass through the prism, the long pass light filter and the transmission grating sequentially to achieve dispersive light distribution, and then dispersive light beams are imaged on the area-array detector through the imaging objective.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to imaging spectral technology field, relate to a kind of light channel structure of prism-grating imaging spectrograph.
Background technology
Imaging spectrometer is the product that optical image technology and light splitting technology combine, the detector array of two dimension can be adopted to produce a data cube be made up of two-dimensional space image and third dimension spectral information, the spatial image information that can obtain target can obtain again the spectral information of spatial points, has the advantage of collection of illustrative plates unification.Important application is had in all many-sides such as space exploration, airborne and spaceborne RS, geological analysis, environmental monitoring, medical science checkout and diagnosis and military detections.
The light splitting technology that imaging spectrometer adopts directly affects the performance of whole instrument, the complexity, volume and weight etc. of structure, therefore, should select suitable light splitting technology according to concrete technical requirement.Prior art is the prism-grating-prism decomposition element (hereinafter referred to as PGP) of Valtion Teknillinen's laboratory report in 1992, and in 1993 in air-borne imagery spectrometer AISA.In order to obtain the standard direct-view characteristic of light path, PGP beam splitter have employed two pieces of prisms and one piece of transmission grating, transmission grating wherein only can adopt by substrate and the cover glass body phase hologram transmission grating as protective seam, simultaneously because the singularity (during use light must by unique specific incident angles) of body phase hologram transmission grating causes the drift angle design of two pieces of prisms unique, cause the imaging spectrometer constructed by it when not increasing collimator objective and image-forming objective lens structure complexity, there is obvious line distortion (Smile and Keystone) in system.
If entrance slit in volume the 9th phase September the 38th in 2009 " optical design of prism-grating-prism imaging system " is 7.6mm, the Smile minimum value in line distortion is 20 μm, maximal value reaches 61 μm; In volume the 1st phase January the 33rd in 2012 " optical design of prism-grating-prism type spectrum imaging system ", the long 10mm of entrance slit, the Smile in line distortion is about 50 μm.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve in prior art, to there is line distortion larger in the present invention, and grating selects the technical matters of uniqueness, a kind of light channel structure of prism-grating imaging spectrograph is proposed, the optical property of further this type of imaging spectrometer of raising, the mainly rectification of line distortion, optimize core beam splitter simultaneously, break away from grating and select uniqueness.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
The light path knot of prism-grating imaging spectrograph, it comprises entrance slit, collimator objective, prism-grating beam splitting element, image-forming objective lens and planar array detector; Collimator objective and image-forming objective lens all adopt lens combination, can be designed to identical optical texture; Described prism-grating beam splitting element comprises prism, long pass filter and transmission grating, long pass filter is arranged between prism and transmission grating, and described transmission grating can adopt by substrate and cover glass as the body phase hologram transmission grating of protective seam or surface delineation transmission grating;
After collimator objective, parallel beam is become from entrance slit light out, parallel beam incident is in prism-grating beam splitting element, parallel beam realizes dispersion light splitting through prism, long pass filter and transmission grating successively, and dispersed light beam is imaged on planar array detector by image-forming objective lens again.
Described prism-grating beam splitting element comprises prism and transmission grating, and long pass filter is arranged on planar array detector front.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: in this imaging spectrometer, prism-grating beam splitting element adopts prism, long pass filter and transmission grating to combine, achieves line distortion and corrects.Transmission grating both can adopt by substrate and the cover glass body phase hologram transmission grating as protective seam; also surface delineation transmission grating can be selected; when adopting surface delineation transmission grating; the drift angle of prism is no longer unique; can according to spectral range, grating line density, prism material; select suitable grating incident angle and prism vertex angle to come to correct line distortion more primely through calculating, thus reduce the difficulty of the calibration of instrument spectral instrument and image procossing.
The approximate direct-view of the light channel structure of this imaging spectrometer, have compact conformation, volume little, lightweight, debug simple, stability is high, cost is low, easy to use, can be mass and superior characteristic spectral lines.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is imaging spectrometer structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is prism of the present invention-grating beam splitting component structure schematic diagram.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the light channel structure of prism-grating imaging spectrograph of the present invention, it comprises entrance slit 1, collimator objective 2, prism-grating beam splitting element, image-forming objective lens 6 and planar array detector 7.
Entrance slit 1: adopt photoetching chromium plate to make, not only evenly, and impulse-free robustness, non-notch.
Collimator objective 2 and image-forming objective lens 6: adopt lens group structure, first design image-forming objective lens 6, aperture diaphragm be placed in a distance, first lens front, and be designed to telecentric beam path in image space during design, optimizes until obtain desirable image-forming objective lens by analysis.There is provided parallel beam because collimator objective 2 is only, its aberration requires less relative to image-forming objective lens, and for reducing processing capacity and cost, then selection collimator objective 2 is the inverted structure of image-forming objective lens 6.
As shown in Figure 2, prism-grating beam splitting element: it comprises prism 3, long pass filter 4 and transmission grating 5, long pass filter 4 is arranged between prism 3 and transmission grating 5.Parallel beam is light path generation deviation after prism 3, then through long pass filter 4, makes light enter transmission grating 5 according to the incident angle that transmission grating 5 requires and carry out dispersion light splitting.Transmission grating 5 can adopt body phase hologram transmission grating or surface delineation transmission grating.When transmission grating 5 adopts body phase hologram transmission grating, the drift angle of prism 3 has uniqueness.When adopting surface delineation transmission grating, the drift angle of prism 3 is no longer unique, can according to spectral range, grating line density, prism material, selecting suitable prism vertex angle and grating line density to come to correct line distortion more primely through calculating, reducing the difficulty of the calibration of instrument spectral instrument and image procossing.
Planar array detector 7: for receiving the spectral information of spatial image information on image-forming objective lens 6 focal plane and respective points thereof.
Ribbon optical radiation from target images in entrance slit 1 by front end image-forming objective lens, after collimator objective 2, parallel beam incident is become in prism-grating beam splitting element from entrance slit 1 light out, parallel beam realizes dispersion light splitting through prism 3, long pass filter 4 and transmission grating 5 successively, and dispersed light beam is imaged on planar array detector 7 by image-forming objective lens 6 again.Thus obtain the spectral information of target first dimension space image and each additional space point, when this spectrometer scans target second dimension space, then obtain the second dimension space image of target and the spectral information of each spatial point.
Described prism-grating beam splitting element can also be made up of prism 3 and transmission grating 5, and arranges long pass filter 4 in planar array detector 7 front.
Embodiment 1
In light path of the present invention: imaging spectrometer service band is 400 ~ 800nm, centre wavelength selects 633nm; Entrance slit 1 long 14mm, F
#be 2.4; Image-forming objective lens 6 adopts six chip lens group structures (collimator objective is its inverted structure), and focal length is 54.1mm, and visual field is 8.5 °; Prism vertex angle is 10.42 °, thick 5mm; Transmission grating 5 is body phase hologram transmission grating, and substrate and cover glass material are B270, and thickness is 1mm, and grid stroke density is 300l/mm, and the order of diffraction time is+1 grade; Planar array detector 7 is the B1920 detector of IMPERX company, and resolution is 1920 × 1080 pixels, and pixel size is 7.4 μm × 7.4 μm.
Carry out ray tracing by optical software, rear end image-forming objective lens optical axis along dispersion direction deviation 3.58 °, in whole spectral range, there is good image quality, at 400nm, 633nm, 800nm place, 0,0.7,1 visual field place, MTFs is all greater than 0.7 when 68lp/mm; More outstanding is that line distortion obtains good rectification, and line distortion is only 0.9 μm, and Spectral line bend maximal value is only 1 μm.When above-mentioned overall conditions is constant, adopt prior art PGP beam splitter to carry out design optimization, the overall image quality of instrument is close, and MTFs declines to some extent and is greater than 0.65, but line distortion is up to 12.1 μm, Spectral line bend maximal value up to 73.7 μm, minimum value also reaches 45.9 μm.Therefore hinge structure of the present invention achieves the rectification of line distortion.
Embodiment 2
When the optical results designed by example 1 is constant, only grating is changed into delineation transmission grating (grating parameter: base material is B270, thickness is 3mm, incisure density is 300l/mm, the order of diffraction time is+1 grade), re-start ray tracing, imaging spectrometer optical property remains unchanged.
The present invention can be widely used in the numerous areas such as airborne and spaceborne RS, geological analysis, environmental monitoring, industrial online production analysis and medical science checkout and diagnosis.
Claims (2)
1. the light channel structure of prism-grating imaging spectrograph, it comprises entrance slit (1), collimator objective (2), prism-grating beam splitting element, image-forming objective lens (6) and planar array detector (7); Collimator objective (2) and image-forming objective lens (6) all adopt lens combination, can be designed to identical optical texture; It is characterized in that, described prism-grating beam splitting element comprises prism (3), long pass filter (4) and transmission grating (5), long pass filter (4) is arranged between prism (3) and transmission grating (5), and described transmission grating (5) can adopt by substrate and cover glass as the body phase hologram transmission grating of protective seam or surface delineation transmission grating;
After collimator objective (2), parallel beam is become from entrance slit (1) light out, parallel beam incident is in prism-grating beam splitting element, parallel beam realizes dispersion light splitting through prism (3), long pass filter (4) and transmission grating (5) successively, and dispersed light beam is imaged on planar array detector (7) by image-forming objective lens (6) again.
2. the light channel structure of prism-grating imaging spectrograph according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described prism-grating beam splitting element comprises prism (3) and transmission grating (5), and long pass filter (4) is arranged on planar array detector (7) front.
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| CN109141635A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2019-01-04 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of imaging spectrometer and its high spectrum imaging method |
| WO2019105245A1 (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2019-06-06 | 北京云端光科技术有限公司 | Spectrometer and spectrum detection system |
| CN110081976A (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2019-08-02 | 中国科学院光电研究院 | A kind of big visual field grating prism spectrum imaging system |
| CN111562006A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2020-08-21 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Optical system of infrared surface field spectrometer and design method |
| CN112945383A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-06-11 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Hyper-spectral imager optical system with high luminous flux and low spectral distortion |
| CN115597499A (en) * | 2022-12-14 | 2023-01-13 | 聚时科技（深圳）有限公司（Cn） | Line light spectrum confocal measuring device |
| CN115655467A (en) * | 2022-11-11 | 2023-01-31 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Imaging spectrometer |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2019105245A1 (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2019-06-06 | 北京云端光科技术有限公司 | Spectrometer and spectrum detection system |
| CN109141635A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2019-01-04 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of imaging spectrometer and its high spectrum imaging method |
| CN109141635B (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2023-12-12 | 南京邮电大学 | Imaging spectrometer and hyperspectral imaging method thereof |
| CN110081976A (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2019-08-02 | 中国科学院光电研究院 | A kind of big visual field grating prism spectrum imaging system |
| CN111562006A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2020-08-21 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Optical system of infrared surface field spectrometer and design method |
| CN112945383A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-06-11 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Hyper-spectral imager optical system with high luminous flux and low spectral distortion |
| CN115655467A (en) * | 2022-11-11 | 2023-01-31 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Imaging spectrometer |
| CN115597499A (en) * | 2022-12-14 | 2023-01-13 | 聚时科技（深圳）有限公司（Cn） | Line light spectrum confocal measuring device |
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Application publication date: 20150422 |