CN105371949A - Format type dispersion imaging spectrometer and detecting method thereof - Google Patents
Format type dispersion imaging spectrometer and detecting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105371949A CN105371949A CN201410385661.0A CN201410385661A CN105371949A CN 105371949 A CN105371949 A CN 105371949A CN 201410385661 A CN201410385661 A CN 201410385661A CN 105371949 A CN105371949 A CN 105371949A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a format type dispersion imaging spectrometer and a detecting method thereof. After incident light passes through a front-end optical system, the incident light firstly passes through a beamsplitter in a parallel light form, wherein a transmitted light beam firstly passes through a dispersion element and dispersion occurs. Afterwards, a dispersive light beam first passes through a first imaging objective lens and is imaged on a reflecting slit on the rear focal plane of the first imaging objective lens. The light of one row image of a dispersion image is reflected by the reflecting slit and secondly passes through the first imaging objective lens, and then arrives at the dispersion element for realizing second dispersion. Afterwards the secondly dispersed light beam secondly passes through the beamsplitter in an incident direction. After the reflected light beam passes through a second imaging objective lens, the reflected light beam is imaged on an area array detector of the rear focal plane. An optical signal is converted to an electric signal and the electric signal is transmitted to a signal processing system. Through system integral push-broom or translating the reflecting slit, a three-dimensional spectral cube with integral scene can be obtained. The format type dispersion imaging spectrometer has advantages of no requirement for imaging splicing, no spatial resolution limitation by slit width, and high spatial resolution.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to optical imaging field, be specifically related to a kind of Frame projection dispersion imaging spectral device and detection method thereof, utilize reflectance slit, the target optical spectrum image of acquisition is without the need to splicing, and spatial resolution is not by the impact of slit width.
Background technology
When carrying out imaging detection to target, the spectral information of object can reflect physics, the chemical property of target, and effectively can eliminate ground unrest, the observability of augmented.The imaging spectrometer set feature of camera and spectrometer, can obtain the detection image information of scene and the spectral information of each object point simultaneously.Imaging spectrometer has broad application prospects, and has important using value in fields such as industry, agricultural, military surveillance, atmospheric explorations.The imaging spectrometer of main flow mainly comprises optical filtering flap-type, color dispersion-type and interfere type three major types, and wherein color dispersion-type has higher spectral resolution, and principle is simple, is the main Types of present stage high light spectrum image-forming detection.
Traditional dispersive spectrometer adopts entrance slit, and single detection can obtain the spectral information of target scene one row object point, by pushing away the spectral information swept and obtain whole scene.The reconstruct spectrum picture of each spectral coverage is formed by scene each row object point image mosaic, often comprises Banded improvement, and if push away in inswept journey and occur that shake appears in frame losing or platform, stitching image may lose effective information.In addition, in traditional dispersive spectrometer, the spatial resolution of the width of entrance slit and the spectrum picture of reconstruct is inversely proportional to, and is directly proportional to incident flux.For ensureing sufficient luminous flux, slit must have certain width, limits the lifting of spectrum picture spatial resolution.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Frame projection dispersion imaging spectral device and detection method thereof, system adopts reflectance slit, single detection can obtain the cubical scarf of target scene three-dimensional light spectrum, comprising the whole image information of scene, high spatial resolution and high-quality target optical spectrum image can be obtained by pushing away to sweep.
The technical solution realizing the object of the invention is: a kind of Frame projection dispersion imaging spectral device, comprises preposition optical system, semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, dispersion element, the first image-forming objective lens, reflectance slit, the second image-forming objective lens, planar array detector and signal processing system; Preposition optical system, semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, dispersion element, the first image-forming objective lens, reflectance slit is set gradually along optical path direction, preposition optical system comprises the pre-objective and collimator objective that common optical axis sets gradually, and the image planes of preposition image-forming objective lens and the front focal plane of collimator objective overlap; Reflectance slit (5) is positioned at the back focal plane place of the first image-forming objective lens, second image-forming objective lens is positioned on the second time reflected light path of semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, the detection target surface of planar array detector is positioned at the back focal plane place of the second image-forming objective lens, and planar array detector is connected by wire with signal processing system; All optical elements are coaxially contour relative to substrate, namely relative to optical table or instrument base coaxially contour.
Frame projection dispersion imaging spectral device of the present invention, light path trend is as follows: the outgoing beam of probe field scene point is through pre-objective determination field of regard, eliminate after parasitic light enters the collimated light beam of collimator objective formation and incide semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, wherein transmitted light beam first time is by dispersion element, and dispersion occurs; First time is imaged on the reflectance slit of its back focal plane through the first image-forming objective lens dispersed light beam subsequently, the light of one row image of dispersion map picture is reflected by reflectance slit, second time is through the first image-forming objective lens, again arrive dispersion element, there is second time dispersion, the light beam second time of second time dispersion subsequently incides semi-transparent semi-permeable mirror, and wherein folded light beam is imaged on the planar array detector of its back focal plane after the second image-forming objective lens, and light signal is converted into electric signal and passes to signal processing system.
Above-mentioned dispersion element is transmission-type dispersion grating, reflective dispersion grating or dispersing prism.
Above-mentioned reflectance slit can the light of a row image above catoptric imaging object lens back focal plane, allows this row folded light beam return image-forming objective lens.
Above-mentioned signal processing system is pushed away by entire system and sweeps or along the optical axis direction translation reflectance slit perpendicular to the second image-forming objective lens, obtain the three-dimensional spectral cube that detection scene is complete.
The imaging spectral detection method of Frame projection dispersion imaging spectral device of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
Step one: the incident light from detection scene each point enters preposition optical system, is imaged in its image planes, eliminates parasitic light by preposition image-forming objective lens, subsequently through collimator objective, forms collimated light beam, incides semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens with collimated light beam form;
Step 2: incide semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens by the collimated light beam of preposition optical system, wherein transmitted light beam first time is through dispersion element, and launch first time dispersion, dispersed light beam is above the reflectance slit that the first image-forming objective lens is imaged on its back focal plane place subsequently;
Step 3: reflectance slit is by the beam reflection of a row image of dispersion map picture formed by the first image-forming objective lens, light beam second time forms parallel beam through image-forming objective lens, and then there is second time dispersion through dispersion element, light beam second time after dispersion incides semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, and folded light beam wherein incides the second image-forming objective lens.
Step 4: the dispersed light beam inciding the second image-forming objective lens is imaged on the target surface of the planar array detector at its back focal plane place, light signal is converted into electric signal, entering signal disposal system, single obtains the cubical scarf of detection scene three-dimensional light spectrum, this scarf comprises the two-dimensional image information of complete detection scene, pushed away by entire system and sweep or along the optical axis direction translation reflectance slit perpendicular to the second image-forming objective lens, the three-dimensional spectral cube that detection scene is complete can be obtained.
Compared with prior art, the method single obtains the cubical scarf of detection scene three-dimensional light spectrum, comprises the two-dimensional image information of complete detection scene; And a longitudinal tangent plane of the target scene that traditional dispersion imaging spectrometer single obtains, the image information of a detection scene dimension can only be obtained.Therefore there are two significant advantages:
(1) spectrum picture restored, without the need to image mosaic, avoids image information to run off;
(2) spatial resolution of restoring spectrum picture, not by the restriction of slit width, can obtain the spectrum picture of high spatial resolution.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of Frame projection dispersion imaging spectral device of the present invention.
The information model of Fig. 2 target scene, wherein (a) information model of obtaining for traditional colour astigmatic image spectrometer single, (b) is the information model that single of the present invention detection obtains target scene.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
Composition graphs 1, Frame projection dispersion imaging spectral device of the present invention, comprises preposition optical system 1, semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 2, dispersion element 3, first image-forming objective lens 4, reflectance slit 5, second image-forming objective lens 6, planar array detector 7 (commercial) and the signal processing system 8 of placing successively along optical path direction; Wherein, preposition optical system 1 comprises the pre-objective 11 and collimator objective 12 that common optical axis sets gradually, and the image planes of preposition image-forming objective lens 11 and the front focal plane of collimator objective 12 overlap; Reflectance slit 5 is positioned at the back focal plane place of the first image-forming objective lens 4, and the detection target surface of planar array detector 7 is positioned at the back focal plane place of the second image-forming objective lens 6; All optical elements are coaxially contour relative to substrate, namely relative to optical table or instrument base coaxially contour.Dispersion element 3 is dispersion grating.
Frame projection dispersion imaging spectral device of the present invention, light path trend is as follows: the outgoing beam of probe field scene point determines field of regard through pre-objective 11, eliminate after parasitic light enters the collimated light beam of collimator objective 12 formation and incide semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 2, wherein transmitted light beam first time is by dispersion element 3, and dispersion occurs; First time is imaged on the reflectance slit 5 of its back focal plane through the first image-forming objective lens 4 dispersed light beam subsequently, the light of one row image of dispersion map picture is reflected by reflectance slit 5, second time is through the first image-forming objective lens 4, again arrive dispersion element 3, there is second time dispersion, the light beam second time of second time dispersion subsequently incides semi-transparent semi-permeable mirror 2, wherein folded light beam is imaged on the planar array detector 7 of its back focal plane after the second image-forming objective lens 6, and light signal is converted into electric signal and passes to signal processing system 8.
Frame projection dispersion imaging spectral device and method of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
Step one: the incident light from detection scene each point enters preposition optical system 1, is imaged in its image planes, eliminates parasitic light by preposition image-forming objective lens 11, subsequently through collimator objective 12, forms collimated light beam, incides semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 2 with collimated light beam form;
Step 2: incide semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 2 by the collimated light beam of preposition optical system 1, wherein transmitted light beam first time is through dispersion element 3, launch first time dispersion, dispersed light beam is above the reflectance slit 5 that the first image-forming objective lens 4 is imaged on its back focal plane place subsequently;
Step 3: reflectance slit 5 is by the beam reflection of a row image of dispersion map picture formed by the first image-forming objective lens 4, light beam second time forms parallel beam through image-forming objective lens 4, and then there is second time dispersion through dispersion element 3, light beam second time after dispersion incides semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 2, and folded light beam wherein incides the second image-forming objective lens 6.
Step 4: the dispersed light beam inciding the second image-forming objective lens 6 is imaged on the target surface of planar array detector 7 at its back focal plane place, light signal is converted into electric signal, entering signal disposal system 8, single obtains the cubical scarf of detection scene three-dimensional light spectrum, this scarf comprises the two-dimensional image information of complete detection scene, pushes away to sweep obtaining the complete three-dimensional spectral cube of detection scene by entire system.
Embodiment 2
Frame projection dispersion imaging spectral device of the present invention, comprises preposition optical system 1, semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 2, dispersion element 3, first image-forming objective lens 4, reflectance slit 5, second image-forming objective lens 6, planar array detector 7 (commercial) and the signal processing system 8 of placing successively along optical path direction; Wherein, preposition optical system 1 comprises the pre-objective 11 and collimator objective 12 that common optical axis sets gradually, and the image planes of preposition image-forming objective lens 11 and the front focal plane of collimator objective 12 overlap; Reflectance slit 5 is positioned at the back focal plane place of the first image-forming objective lens 4, and the detection target surface of planar array detector 7 is positioned at the back focal plane place of the second image-forming objective lens 6; All optical elements are coaxially contour relative to substrate, namely relative to optical table or instrument base coaxially contour.Dispersion element 3 is dispersing prism.
Frame projection dispersion imaging spectral device of the present invention, light path trend is as follows: the outgoing beam of probe field scene point determines field of regard through pre-objective 11, eliminate after parasitic light enters the collimated light beam of collimator objective 12 formation and incide semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 2, wherein transmitted light beam first time is by dispersion element 3, and dispersion occurs; First time is imaged on the reflectance slit 5 of its back focal plane through the first image-forming objective lens 4 dispersed light beam subsequently, the light of one row image of dispersion map picture is reflected by reflectance slit 5, second time is through the first image-forming objective lens 4, again arrive dispersion element 3, there is second time dispersion, the light beam second time of second time dispersion subsequently incides semi-transparent semi-permeable mirror 2, wherein folded light beam is imaged on the planar array detector 7 of its back focal plane after the second image-forming objective lens 6, and light signal is converted into electric signal and passes to signal processing system 8.
Frame projection dispersion imaging spectral device and method of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
Step one: the incident light from detection scene each point enters preposition optical system 1, is imaged in its image planes, eliminates parasitic light by preposition image-forming objective lens 11, subsequently through collimator objective 12, forms collimated light beam, incides semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 2 with collimated light beam form;
Step 2: incide semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 2 by the collimated light beam of preposition optical system 1, wherein transmitted light beam first time is through dispersion element 3, launch first time dispersion, dispersed light beam is above the reflectance slit 5 that the first image-forming objective lens 4 is imaged on its back focal plane place subsequently;
Step 3: reflectance slit 5 is by the beam reflection of a row image of dispersion map picture formed by the first image-forming objective lens 4, light beam second time forms parallel beam through image-forming objective lens 4, and then there is second time dispersion through dispersion element 3, light beam second time after dispersion incides semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 2, and folded light beam wherein incides the second image-forming objective lens 6.
Step 4: the dispersed light beam inciding the second image-forming objective lens 6 is imaged on the target surface of planar array detector 7 at its back focal plane place, light signal is converted into electric signal, entering signal disposal system 8, single obtains the cubical scarf of detection scene three-dimensional light spectrum, this scarf comprises the two-dimensional image information of complete detection scene, by along the optical axis direction translation reflectance slit 5 perpendicular to the second image-forming objective lens 4, obtain the three-dimensional spectral cube that detection scene is complete.
Composition graphs 2, a longitudinal tangent plane of the target scene that traditional dispersion imaging spectrometer single obtains, can only obtain the image information of a detection scene dimension, as shown in Fig. 2 (a); Single of the present invention obtains the cubical scarf of detection scene three-dimensional light spectrum, comprises the two-dimensional image information of complete detection scene, as shown in Fig. 2 (b).The target optical spectrum image that the present invention obtains is without the need to splicing, and spatial resolution is not by the impact of slit width.
Claims (5)
1. a Frame projection dispersion imaging spectral device, is characterized in that: comprise preposition optical system (1), semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens (2), dispersion element (3), the first image-forming objective lens (4), reflectance slit (5), the second image-forming objective lens (6), planar array detector (7) and signal processing system (8), preposition optical system (1), semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens (2), dispersion element (3), the first image-forming objective lens (4), reflectance slit (5) is set gradually along optical path direction, preposition optical system (1) comprises the pre-objective (11) and collimator objective (12) that common optical axis sets gradually, and the image planes of preposition image-forming objective lens (11) and the front focal plane of collimator objective (12) overlap, reflectance slit (5) is positioned at the back focal plane place of the first image-forming objective lens (4), second image-forming objective lens (6) is positioned on the second time reflected light path of semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens (2), the detection target surface of planar array detector (7) is positioned at the back focal plane place of the second image-forming objective lens (6), and planar array detector (7) is connected by wire with signal processing system (8), all optical elements are coaxially contour relative to substrate, namely relative to optical table or instrument base coaxially contour, light path trend is as follows: the outgoing beam of probe field scene point determines field of regard through pre-objective (11), eliminate after parasitic light enters the collimated light beam that collimator objective (12) formed and incide semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens (2), wherein transmitted light beam first time is by dispersion element (3), and dispersion occurs, first time is imaged on the reflectance slit (5) of its back focal plane through the first image-forming objective lens (4) dispersed light beam subsequently, the light of one row image of dispersion map picture is reflected by reflectance slit (5), second time is through the first image-forming objective lens (4), again arrive dispersion element (3), there is second time dispersion, the light beam second time of second time dispersion subsequently incides semi-transparent semi-permeable mirror (2), wherein folded light beam is imaged on the planar array detector (7) of its back focal plane after the second image-forming objective lens (6), light signal is converted into electric signal and passes to signal processing system (8), single obtains the cubical scarf of detection scene three-dimensional light spectrum, this scarf comprises the two-dimensional image information of complete detection scene, final acquisition detects the complete three-dimensional spectral cube of scene.
2. Frame projection dispersion imaging spectral device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: above-mentioned dispersion element (3) is transmission-type dispersion grating, reflective dispersion grating or dispersing prism.
3. Frame projection dispersion imaging spectral device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned reflectance slit (5) can the light of a row image above catoptric imaging object lens (4) back focal plane, allows this row folded light beam return image-forming objective lens (4).
4. Frame projection dispersion imaging spectral device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned signal processing system (8) is pushed away by entire system and sweeps or along the optical axis direction translation reflectance slit (5) perpendicular to the second image-forming objective lens (4), obtain the three-dimensional spectral cube that detection scene is complete.
5., based on an imaging spectral detection method for Frame projection dispersion imaging spectral device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Step one: the incident light from detection scene each point enters preposition optical system (1), be imaged in its image planes by preposition image-forming objective lens (11), eliminate parasitic light, subsequently through collimator objective (12), form collimated light beam, incide semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens (2) with collimated light beam form;
Step 2: incide semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens (2) by the collimated light beam of preposition optical system (1), wherein transmitted light beam first time is through dispersion element (3), launch first time dispersion, dispersed light beam is above the reflectance slit (5) that the first image-forming objective lens (4) is imaged on its back focal plane place subsequently;
Step 3: reflectance slit (5) is by the beam reflection of the row image in formed for the first image-forming objective lens (4) dispersion map picture, light beam second time forms parallel beam through image-forming objective lens (4), and then there is second time dispersion through dispersion element (3), light beam second time after dispersion incides semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens (2), and folded light beam wherein incides the second image-forming objective lens (6);
Step 4: the dispersed light beam inciding the second image-forming objective lens (6) is imaged on the target surface of planar array detector (7) at its back focal plane place, light signal is converted into electric signal, entering signal disposal system (8), single obtains the cubical scarf of detection scene three-dimensional light spectrum, this scarf comprises the two-dimensional image information of complete detection scene, pushed away by entire system and sweep or along the optical axis direction translation reflectance slit (5) perpendicular to the second image-forming objective lens (4), obtain the three-dimensional spectral cube that detection scene is complete.
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| CN111854955A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-10-30 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Double-channel imaging spectrum objective lens and imaging spectrometer device |
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