CN104530537A - 一种高粘度树脂板材的制备方法及成型设备 - Google Patents

一种高粘度树脂板材的制备方法及成型设备 Download PDF

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CN104530537A
CN104530537A CN201510009976.XA CN201510009976A CN104530537A CN 104530537 A CN104530537 A CN 104530537A CN 201510009976 A CN201510009976 A CN 201510009976A CN 104530537 A CN104530537 A CN 104530537A
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林建邦
王善君
王爽
刘憬
宋春明
武文
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DALIAN PLASTICS RESEARCH INSTITUTE Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种高粘度树脂板材的制备方法及成型设备,属于高分子聚合物成型技术领域。本发明所述的高粘度树脂板材的制备方法包括以下步骤:①按重量份取如下原料:超高分子量树脂100phr、无机填料0~60phr、内外润滑剂2~5phr、其他加工助剂1~8phr,混合均匀;②对步骤①得到的混合物在180~250℃下采用活塞进行输送,进行塑化成型,再经冷却、裁断制成所需尺寸。本发明采用活塞往复运动输送高粘度树脂,解决了常规送料易形成“料塞”的问题,在保证高粘度树脂优异性能的前提下,实现了高粘度树脂板材连续生产的目标。

Description

一种高粘度树脂板材的制备方法及成型设备
技术领域
本发明涉及高分子聚合物成型技术领域,具体涉及一种高粘度树脂板材的制备方法及成型设备。
背景技术
目前,超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)是一种具有优异综合性能的热塑性工程塑料。优异的耐冲击性、耐磨性、耐低温,摩擦系数低,优良的耐化学药品性及消音性等优点,UHMWPE倍受人们的青睐,其应用范围也在不断的扩大。但因其具有独特的难加工性,分子量巨大、分子排布规整,熔体黏度高达109Pa·S,流动性能极差。同样地,聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)和尼龙等这类树脂具有优良的化学稳定性、力学性能、耐腐蚀性、密封性、高润滑不粘性、电绝缘性和良好的抗老化耐力。但因这类树脂具有高黏度,在挤出机内是几乎不熔化,因此给成型加工带来极大的困难。
传统方法是采用单层或是多层模压的方法:把原料填在模具内,采用液压的方法形成压力,再加热塑化,塑化后再通入冷却水冷却。这样的方法,不仅不能连续成型,而且模具始终反处于复加热、冷却、成型的过程,能耗高,效率低,成本高。
发明内容
本发明针对以上提出的现有高粘度树脂成型方法不能连续成型、能耗高、效率低和成本高的问题,而研究设计一种高粘度树脂板材的制备方法及成型设备。本发明采用的技术手段如下:
一种高粘度树脂板材的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
①按重量份取如下原料:超高分子量树脂100phr、无机填料0~60phr、内外润滑剂2~5phr、其他加工助剂1~8phr,混合均匀;
②对步骤①得到的混合物在180~250℃下采用活塞进行输送,进行塑化成型,再经冷却、裁断制成所需尺寸;
所述无机填料为碳酸钙、硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸锌中的一种或两种以上,所述内外润滑剂为石蜡、硬脂酸酰胺、聚乙烯蜡、硬脂酸中的一种或两种以上。
进一步地,所述超高分子量树脂为超高分子量聚乙烯、聚四氟乙烯或尼龙。
进一步地,所述超高分子量聚乙烯的分子量为100万~500万,所述聚四氟乙烯的分子量为80万~300万,所述尼龙的分子量为3万~8万。
进一步地,所述其他加工助剂包括抗氧剂和成核剂。
进一步地,所述抗氧剂为抗氧剂1010、抗氧剂1076、抗氧剂264、抗氧剂CA中的一种或两种以上,所述成核剂为硬脂酸钠、二氧化硅、二氧化钛、苯甲酸、玻璃粉中的一种或两种以上。
进一步地,步骤②混合物的输送压力控制在100~200MPa。
一种高粘度树脂板材成型设备,包括进料箱、型腔、活塞和与活塞配合的动力设备,所述型腔上设有进料口和出料口,所述进料箱固定在进料口上且其内设有搅拌器,所述活塞与型腔内部配合并能在型腔内部、进料口的两侧往复运动,所述型腔包括设置于进料口和活塞一端的进料区、加热区和设置于出料口一侧的冷却区,所述加热区设置于进料区和冷却区之间。
进一步地,本发明还包括设置于出料口处的裁切设备。
进一步地,所述加热区的出口处的高度等于冷却区的高度,所述进料区的高度等于加热区进口处的高度,加热区的进口处的高度大于加热区的出口处的高度。
进一步地,所述加热区的进口处的高度大于加热区中部的高度,加热区中部的高度到加热区出口处的高度不变。
与现有技术比较,本发明所述的一种高粘度树脂板材的制备方法及成型设备为半连续的模塑过程,解决了常规送料易形成“料塞”的问题,能大幅提高生产效率、降低成本,同时保证板材的优异性能。
附图说明
图1是本发明所述的高粘度树脂板材成型设备结构示意图。
具体实施方式
一种高粘度树脂板材的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
①按重量份取如下原料:超高分子量树脂100phr、无机填料0~60phr、内外润滑剂2~5phr、其他加工助剂1~8phr,混合均匀;加工助剂的加入,是为了增加原料的流动性,不至于使挤出的物料由于“溶剂化”的作用而导致高粘度超高分子量树脂沿挤出方向流动取向,因而不会影响到最终制品的质量。
②对步骤①得到的混合物在180~250℃下采用活塞进行输送,进行塑化成型,再经冷却、裁断制成所需尺寸。
所述超高分子量树脂为超高分子量聚乙烯、聚四氟乙烯或尼龙,所述无机填料为碳酸钙、硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸锌中的一种或两种以上,所述内外润滑剂为石蜡、硬脂酸酰胺、聚乙烯蜡、硬脂酸中的一种或两种以上。
所述其他加工助剂包括抗氧剂和成核剂,所述抗氧剂为抗氧剂1010、抗氧剂1076、抗氧剂264、抗氧剂CA中的一种或两种以上,所述成核剂为硬脂酸钠、二氧化硅、二氧化钛、苯甲酸、玻璃粉中的一种或两种以上。
所述超高分子量聚乙烯的分子量为100万~500万,所述聚四氟乙烯的分子量为80万~300万,所述尼龙的分子量为3万~8万。
步骤②混合物的输送压力控制在100~200MPa。
如图1所示,一种高粘度树脂板材成型设备,包括进料箱1、型腔2、活塞3和与活塞3配合的动力设备4,所述型腔2上设有进料口5和出料口6,出料口6外设有裁切设备7,所述进料箱1固定在进料口5上且其内设有搅拌器8,所述活塞3与型腔2内部配合并能在型腔2内部、进料口5的两侧往复运动,所述型腔包括设置于进料口和活塞一端的进料区11、加热区9和设置于出料口一侧的冷却区10,所述加热9设置于进料区11和冷却区10之间,加热区9的温度为180~250℃,本实施例中活塞3推动频率为30次/min,推动速度为3cm/s。
所述加热区9的出口处的高度等于冷却区10的高度,所述进料区11的高度等于加热区9进口处的高度,加热区9的进口处的高度大于加热区9中部的高度,加热区9中部的高度到出口处的高度不变,进料区11、加热区9和冷却区10的宽度相等,在推送物料的过程中,形成更有力的挤压,使成型后的板材性能优异。
成型过程中,在进料箱1内部经过搅拌器8混合均匀的混合物通过进料口5进入型腔2,通过活塞3往复运动推送混合物至加热区9,之后经压紧进入冷却区10,冷却后板材在出料口6被挤出,经过裁切设备裁断制成所需尺寸的板材。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种高粘度树脂板材的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
①按重量份取如下原料:超高分子量树脂100phr、无机填料0~60phr、内外润滑剂2~5phr、其他加工助剂1~8phr,混合均匀;
②对步骤①得到的混合物在180~250℃下采用活塞进行输送,进行塑化成型,再经冷却、裁断制成所需尺寸;
所述无机填料为碳酸钙、硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸锌中的一种或两种以上,所述内外润滑剂为石蜡、硬脂酸酰胺、聚乙烯蜡、硬脂酸中的一种或两种以上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高粘度树脂板材的制备方法,其特征在于:所述超高分子量树脂为超高分子量聚乙烯、聚四氟乙烯或尼龙。
3.根据权利要求2所述的高粘度树脂板材的制备方法,其特征在于:所述超高分子量聚乙烯的分子量为100万~500万,所述聚四氟乙烯的分子量为80万~300万,所述尼龙的分子量为3万~8万。
4.根据权利要求1所述的高粘度树脂板材的制备方法,其特征在于:所述其他加工助剂包括抗氧剂和成核剂。
5.根据权利要求3所述的高粘度树脂板材的制备方法,其特征在于:所述抗氧剂为抗氧剂1010、抗氧剂1076、抗氧剂264、抗氧剂CA中的一种或两种以上,所述成核剂为硬脂酸钠、二氧化硅、二氧化钛、苯甲酸、玻璃粉中的一种或两种以上。
6.根据权利要求1所述的高粘度树脂板材的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤②混合物的输送压力控制在100~200MPa。
7.一种高粘度树脂板材成型设备,其特征在于:包括进料箱、型腔、活塞和与活塞配合的动力设备,所述型腔上设有进料口和出料口,所述进料箱固定在进料口上且其内设有搅拌器,所述活塞与型腔内部配合并能在型腔内部、进料口的两侧往复运动,所述型腔包括设置于进料口和活塞一端的进料区、加热区和设置于出料口一侧的冷却区,所述加热区设置于进料区和冷却区之间。
8.根据权利要求7所述的高粘度树脂板材成型设备,其特征在于:还包括设置于出料口处的裁切设备。
9.根据权利要求7所述的高粘度树脂板材成型设备,其特征在于:所述加热区的出口处的高度等于冷却区的高度,所述进料区的高度等于加热区进口处的高度,加热区的进口处的高度大于加热区的出口处的高度。
10.根据权利要求9所述的高粘度树脂板材成型设备,其特征在于:所述加热区的进口处的高度大于加热区中部的高度,加热区中部的高度到加热区出口处的高度不变。
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