CN104521492A - Method for controlling alien plant Ageratum conyzoides - Google Patents

Method for controlling alien plant Ageratum conyzoides Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104521492A
CN104521492A CN201410771975.4A CN201410771975A CN104521492A CN 104521492 A CN104521492 A CN 104521492A CN 201410771975 A CN201410771975 A CN 201410771975A CN 104521492 A CN104521492 A CN 104521492A
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ageratum conyzoides
plant
ambatch
dish
moss
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CN104521492B (en
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向言词
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Hunan University of Science and Technology
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Hunan University of Science and Technology
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for

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  • Botany (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for controlling an alien plant Ageratum conyzoides. The method comprises the following steps: (1) collecting Hypnum plumaeforme and Tortula muralis; cutting the Hypnum plumaeforme and the Tortula muralis into pieces and mixing to prepare moss particles; (2) collecting the Ageratum conyzoides, Aeschynomene indica and Crotalaria mucronata seedlings; (4) dividing Sedum aizoon; (4) constructing an experiment sample area and a contrast experiment sample area from abandoned lands suitable for the Ageratum conyzoides to grow, and forming planting pits; and (5) filling the moss particles into the planting pits, and interplanting the Ageratum conyzoides with three plants including the Sedum aizoon, the Aeschynomene indica and the Crotalaria mucronata. By the aid of the method disclosed by the invention, the growth of the alien plant Ageratum conyzoides can be effectively controlled and the invasion and dispersion of the alien plant Ageratum conyzoides are stopped and controlled. The plants adopted by the method are locally planted; materials are easy to obtain and are easy to culture and manage; no ecological risks occur and the economic benefits can be obtained.

Description

A kind of method controlling exotic plant Ageratum conyzoides
Technical field
The present invention relates to the ecological preventing control method of a kind of exotic plant Ageratum conyzoides invasion.
Background technology
China exotic plant has kind more than 180, and some has become pernicious invasive weed, as Ageratum conyzoides ( ageratum conyzoides) etc.Exotic plant invasion, causes huge economic loss, has become global Eco-Economic Problems.The Control Technology of research Alien Weeds is the crux guaranteeing national bio-safety and agricultural economy safety.
The manual method prevention and control exotic plants such as employing is burnt, excavate are only applicable to small size; Although utilize the chemical control methods such as weed killer herbicide can control large area exotic plant invasion, a large amount of hidden danger using chemical substance to there is contaminated environment.Adopt and introduce natural enemy and prevent and treat the pernicious invasive weed of Alien Weeds energy large area prevention and control, but there is biological prevention and control agent and after introduction, new change occur and cause new harm.Artificial control's method and chemical control method are only effective at short notice.These three class methods are all by external strength prevention and control exotic plant.
Ecological resistance is exactly ecosystem when being interfered, and maintains its integrality and resists the ability of system degradation.From resistance Alien species aspect, ecological resist be exactly the ecosystem under biotic factor and abiotic component effect, resist Alien species interference, maintain the ability that the ecosystem is stable.The ecological Alien species that resists is that the ecosystem self has the ability resisting invasion interference because of its inherent characteristic.Ecological resistance technology emphasizes that the ecosystem relies on self strength to resist Alien species.Ecological resistance technology is a kind of green technology, can large area use and long-time resistance control Alien species.Allelopathic Effect in Plants be exactly plant in process of growth, some allelochemicals can be secreted, affect growing of periphery biology.Allelopathy be in alien noxious weed phagocytic process with one of main mechanism of eciophyte prevail over competition.
The ecological Important Action resisting exotic plant invasion is exactly select competitive strong and high to allelochemical tolerance eciophyte, builds the plant community that effectively can resist Alien species interference.
The present invention is directed to the prevention and control problem of exotic plant Ageratum conyzoides, screen the eciophyte strong to Ageratum conyzoides allelopathy patience, by these eciophytes collocation cultivation, resist the invasion of Ageratum conyzoides for ecology.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of method controlling exotic plant Ageratum conyzoides.
The technical solution used in the present invention: a kind of method controlling exotic plant Ageratum conyzoides, comprises step:
(1) gather large hypnum moss and wall moss, shred, be mixed and made into moss particle.
(2) Ageratum conyzoides, ambatch and crotalaria mucronata seedling is gathered.
(3) dish plant division is taken.
(4) the old-field choosing grown at suitable Ageratum conyzoides with building Control release sample with control experiment sample ground, make circular plantation hole.
(5) execute and fill out moss particle in plantation hole, Ageratum conyzoides is interplanted together with expense dish, this 3 Plants of ambatch and crotalaria mucronata.
As preferably, described step (3) expense dish plant division mode is: the expense dish plant of select tape bud, digs out whole strain, is cut into multistage plant division, and every section of plant division retains 4-6 bud.
As preferably, described step (4) plantation hole specification is: radius 30-50cm, dark 20cm.Plantation hole arrangement mode: plantation hole is arranged in a linear and embarks on journey; Spacing with two plantation holes adjacent in a line is 150cm, and the spacing of adjacent two plant row is 150cm.
As preferably, described step (5) is executed and is filled out 3-5kg moss particle in plantation hole.
As preferably, described step (5) by Ageratum conyzoides with expense dish, the mode of interplanting is together with this 3 Plants of ambatch and crotalaria mucronata: cheat 20cm place, limit apart from circular plantation, in the Orient, northern, west and southern 4 orientation cultivate expense dish, ambatch and crotalaria mucronata respectively.Take dish cultivation in the Orient with Liang Ge orientation, west, each orientation 10-16 strain plant division.Ambatch is cultivated in the north, each orientation 6-10 strain seedling.Crotalaria mucronata is cultivated in south, each orientation 6-10 strain seedling.Ageratum conyzoides 12 strain of planting is planted in hole in circle.Cover 4 Plants base portions with soil, then irrigate soil with water.
Principle is:
(1) Ageratum conyzoides ( ageratum conyzoides) belonging to the annual pernicious Alien Weeds of composite family, high 30-70cm, can secrete allelochemical, and allelopathy is strong, seminal propagation.
(2) take dish ( sedum aizoon) belong to Crassulaceae herbaceos perennial, high 15-40cm, there is strong adaptability, soil is required tight, strong to various abiotic stress factor tolerances such as arid, cold and heavy metals, can seminal propagation, breeding is fast, and tillering ability is strong, grows vigorous, easy cultivation management, the medical value had, edibility and ornamental value.
(3) ambatch ( aeschynomene indica) be a kind of suffrutescent leguminous plant, up to 1m, mellow fruit pod band seed fragmented into trifle and was shed to ground, Second Year germination and emergence in spring autumn; Ambatch is strong to various abiotic stress factor tolerance, impoverishment tolerant.
(4) crotalaria mucronata ( crotalaria mucronata) be a kind of suffrutescent leguminous plant, up to 1m, seminal propagation, resistance of reverse is strong.
(5) when will take dish, ambatch and crotalaria mucronata respectively with Ageratum conyzoides miscegenation, can normal growth, and can the growth of Reverse transcriptase Ageratum conyzoides, strong to the allelopathy tolerance of Ageratum conyzoides.
(6) with large hypnum moss ( hypnum plumaeforme) and wall moss ( tortula muralis) the moss particle made has stronger adsorption capacity, can allelochemical be adsorbed, weaken the allelopathy of Ageratum conyzoides.
(7) ambatch and these two kinds of leguminous plants of crotalaria mucronata increase soil nitrogen concentrations and improvement soil by biological nitrogen fixation, promote edaphon growth; Can soil fertility be increased by the moss particle breakdown that large hypnum moss and wall moss are made, promote edaphon growth; Microorganism increases the decomposition helping lend some impetus to allelochemical.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
(1) take medical value, edibility and ornamental value that dish has had, when cultivation expense dish controls exotic plant Ageratum conyzoides, can economic benefit be obtained.
(2) take dish and there is strong adaptability, soil is required tight, strong to various abiotic stress factor tolerances such as arid, cold and heavy metals.
(3) take the allelochemical suppression that dish, ambatch and crotalaria mucronata can tolerate Ageratum conyzoides, when this 3 Plants coexists with Ageratum conyzoides respectively, competitiveness is strong; To take dish, ambatch and crotalaria mucronata mixed planting time, Ageratum conyzoides can be suppressed to grow.
(4) ambatch and crotalaria mucronata are all bred with seed, after first time artificial cultivation, just maintain the lasting stored for a long time of vegetation by self-reproduction.
(5) taking dish can seminal propagation, and breeding is fast, and tillering ability is strong, grows vigorous, easy cultivation management.
(6) can allelochemical be adsorbed with the moss particle that large hypnum moss and wall moss are made, weaken the allelopathy of Ageratum conyzoides.
(7) ambatch and these two kinds of leguminous plants of crotalaria mucronata increase soil nitrogen concentrations and improvement soil by biological nitrogen fixation, promote edaphon growth; Can soil fertility be increased by the moss particle breakdown that large hypnum moss and wall moss are made, promote edaphon growth; Microorganism increases the decomposition helping lend some impetus to allelochemical.
(8) this technology has the plant of employing is all endemic species, draws materials conveniently, easy cultivation management, without ecological risk and the multiple advantage such as control exotic plant Ageratum conyzoides is effective.
embodiment:
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
embodiment 1
Year August in October, 2012 to 2014 carries out field trial at the old-field of Xiangtan, Hunan Province manganese ore periphery.
Vegetable material: Ageratum conyzoides ( ageratum conyzoides), take dish ( sedum aizoon), ambatch ( aeschynomene indica), crotalaria mucronata ( crotalaria mucronata), large hypnum moss ( hypnum plumaeforme) and wall moss ( tortula muralis).
Implementation step is as follows:
In October, (1) 2012 gathers large hypnum moss and wall moss, shreds, is mixed and made into moss particle.
Gather healthy and strong Ageratum conyzoides, ambatch and crotalaria mucronata seedling in by the end of April, (2) 2013.
(3) take dish plant division: the expense dish plant selecting healthy and strong band bud, dig out whole strain, be cut into multistage plant division, every section of plant division retains 4-6 bud.
(4) Ageratum conyzoides growth Control release: the old-field grown at suitable Ageratum conyzoides as Control release sample ground, roots out each Plants in sample ground with selecting one piece of sample, makes circular plantation hole, and plantation hole specification is: radius 30cm, dark 20cm.Plantation hole arrangement mode: plantation hole is arranged in a linear and embarks on journey; Spacing with two plantation holes adjacent in a line is 150cm, and the spacing of adjacent two plant row is 150cm.Execute in plantation hole and fill out 3kg moss particle.Interplanted together with this 3 Plants of ambatch, crotalaria mucronata and expense dish by Ageratum conyzoides: cheat 20cm place, limit apart from circular plantation, in the Orient, northern, west and southern 4 orientation cultivate expense dish, ambatch and crotalaria mucronata respectively.Take dish cultivation in the Orient with Liang Ge orientation, west, the strain plant division of each orientation 10.Ambatch is cultivated in the north, each orientation 6 strain seedling.Crotalaria mucronata is cultivated in south, each orientation 6 strain seedling.Ageratum conyzoides 12 strain of planting is planted in hole in circle.Cover 4 Plants base portions with soil, then irrigate soil with water.
(5) control experiment: one piece of control experiment sample ground is built in the old-field choosing grown at suitable Ageratum conyzoides, area is consistent with the Control release sample ground in step (4), according to mode treatment samples ground and the cultivated plant of step (4), all only planting in all plantations hole Ageratum conyzoides, plants 12 strain seedling in each plantation hole.
In October, 2013, to Control release sample and control experiment sample investigate, measure the statistics strain number of Ageratum conyzoides and plant height, the Ageratum conyzoides strain number in Control release sample ground and plant height are respectively than contrast few 69.4% and 78.8%, and difference all reaches significance level.In August, 2014 carries out investigation discovery at Control release sample: the growth of expense dish is the most vigorous, and the major part that plantation is cheated has been occupied in growth, and the growing way of ambatch and crotalaria mucronata is more weak than taking dish, and this two Plants has has also occupied the fraction in plantation hole; Plantation only has fragmentary short and small Ageratum conyzoides seedling in hole.
embodiment 2
Year August in October, 2012 to 2014 carries out field trial at the old-field of Xiangtan, Hunan Province manganese ore periphery.
Vegetable material: Ageratum conyzoides ( ageratum conyzoides), take dish ( sedum aizoon), ambatch ( aeschynomene indica), crotalaria mucronata ( crotalaria mucronata), large hypnum moss ( hypnum plumaeforme) and wall moss ( tortula muralis).
Implementation step is as follows:
In October, (1) 2012 gathers large hypnum moss and wall moss, shreds, is mixed and made into moss particle.
Gather healthy and strong Ageratum conyzoides, ambatch and crotalaria mucronata seedling in by the end of April, (2) 2013.
(3) take dish plant division: the expense dish plant selecting healthy and strong band bud, dig out whole strain, be cut into multistage plant division, every section of plant division retains 4-6 bud.
(4) Ageratum conyzoides growth Control release: the old-field grown at suitable Ageratum conyzoides as Control release sample ground, roots out each Plants in sample ground with selecting one piece of sample, makes circular plantation hole, and plantation hole specification is: radius 30cm, dark 20cm.Plantation hole arrangement mode: plantation hole is arranged in a linear and embarks on journey; Spacing with two plantation holes adjacent in a line is 150cm, and the spacing of adjacent two plant row is 150cm.Execute in plantation hole and fill out 4kg moss particle.Interplanted together with this 3 Plants of ambatch, crotalaria mucronata and expense dish by Ageratum conyzoides: cheat 20cm place, limit apart from circular plantation, in the Orient, northern, west and southern 4 orientation cultivate expense dish, ambatch and crotalaria mucronata respectively.Take dish cultivation in the Orient with Liang Ge orientation, west, each side 13 strain plant division.Ambatch is cultivated in the north, each orientation 8 strain seedling.Crotalaria mucronata is cultivated in south, each orientation 8 strain seedling.Ageratum conyzoides 12 strain of planting is planted in hole in circle.Cover 4 Plants base portions with soil, then irrigate soil with water.
(5) control experiment: one piece of control experiment sample ground is built in the old-field choosing grown at suitable Ageratum conyzoides, area is consistent with the Control release sample ground in step (4), according to mode treatment samples ground and the cultivated plant of step (4), all only plant in all plantations hole Ageratum conyzoides, 12 strain seedling are cheated in each plantation.
In October, 2013, to Control release sample and control experiment sample investigate, measure the statistics strain number of Ageratum conyzoides and plant height, the Ageratum conyzoides strain number in Control release sample ground and plant height are respectively than contrast few 73.1% and 80.2%, and difference all reaches significance level.In August, 2014 carries out investigation discovery at Control release sample: the growth of expense dish is the most vigorous, and the major part that plantation is cheated has been occupied in growth, and the growing way of ambatch and crotalaria mucronata is more weak than taking dish, and this two Plants has has also occupied the fraction area in plantation hole; In plantation hole, Ageratum conyzoides seedling is rare sees.
embodiment 3
Year August in October, 2012 to 2014 carries out field trial at the old-field of Xiangtan, Hunan Province manganese ore periphery.
Vegetable material: Ageratum conyzoides ( ageratum conyzoides), take dish ( sedum aizoon), ambatch ( aeschynomene indica), crotalaria mucronata ( crotalaria mucronata), large hypnum moss ( hypnum plumaeforme) and wall moss ( tortula muralis).
Implementation step is as follows:
In October, (1) 2012 gathers large hypnum moss and wall moss, shreds, is mixed and made into moss particle.
Gather healthy and strong Ageratum conyzoides, ambatch and crotalaria mucronata seedling in by the end of April, (2) 2013.
(3) take dish plant division: the expense dish plant selecting healthy and strong band bud, dig out whole strain, be cut into multistage plant division, every section of plant division retains 4-6 bud.
(4) Ageratum conyzoides growth Control release: the old-field grown at suitable Ageratum conyzoides as Control release sample ground, roots out each Plants in sample ground with selecting one piece of sample, makes circular plantation hole, and plantation hole specification is: radius 30cm, dark 20cm.Plantation hole arrangement mode: plantation hole is arranged in a linear and embarks on journey; Spacing with two plantation holes adjacent in a line is 150cm, and the spacing of adjacent two plant row is 150cm.Execute in plantation hole and fill out 5kg moss particle.Interplanted together with this 3 Plants of ambatch, crotalaria mucronata and expense dish by Ageratum conyzoides: cheat 20cm place, limit apart from circular plantation, in the Orient, northern, west and southern 4 orientation cultivate expense dish, ambatch and crotalaria mucronata respectively.Take dish cultivation in the Orient with Liang Ge orientation, west, the strain plant division of each orientation 16.Ambatch is cultivated in the north, each orientation 10 strain seedling.Crotalaria mucronata is cultivated in south, each orientation 10 strain seedling.To plant Ageratum conyzoides 12 strain at circle plantation center, hole.Cover 4 Plants seedling with soil, then irrigate soil with water.
(5) control experiment: one piece of control experiment sample ground is built in the old-field choosing grown at suitable Ageratum conyzoides, area is consistent with the Control release sample ground in step (4), according to mode treatment samples ground and the cultivated plant of step (4), all only plant in all plantations hole Ageratum conyzoides, 12 strain seedling are cheated in each plantation.
In October, 2013, to Control release sample and control experiment sample investigate, measure the statistics strain number of Ageratum conyzoides and plant height, the Ageratum conyzoides strain number in Control release sample ground and plant height are respectively than contrast few 66.6% and 79.0%, and difference all reaches significance level.In August, 2014 carries out investigation discovery at Control release sample: the growth of expense dish is the most vigorous, and the major part that plantation is cheated has been occupied in growth, and the growing way of ambatch and crotalaria mucronata is more weak than taking dish, and this two Plants has has also occupied the fraction area in plantation hole; Plantation does not see Ageratum conyzoides seedling in hole.

Claims (5)

1. control a method for exotic plant Ageratum conyzoides, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) gather large hypnum moss and wall moss, shred, be mixed and made into moss particle;
(2) Ageratum conyzoides, ambatch and crotalaria mucronata seedling is gathered;
(3) dish plant division is taken;
(4) the old-field choosing grown at suitable Ageratum conyzoides with building Control release sample with control experiment sample ground, root out each Plants in sample ground, make circular plantation hole;
(5) execute and fill out moss particle in plantation hole, Ageratum conyzoides is interplanted together with expense dish, this 3 Plants of ambatch and crotalaria mucronata.
2. a kind of method controlling exotic plant Ageratum conyzoides according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step (3) expense dish plant division mode is: the expense dish plant of select tape bud, digs out whole strain, is cut into multistage plant division, and every section of plant division retains 4-6 bud.
3. a kind of method controlling exotic plant Ageratum conyzoides according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step (4) plantation hole specification is: radius 30cm, dark 20cm; Plantation hole arrangement mode: plantation hole is arranged in a linear and embarks on journey; Spacing with two plantation holes adjacent in a line is 150cm, and the spacing of adjacent two plant row is 150cm.
4. a kind of method controlling exotic plant Ageratum conyzoides according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step (5) is executed and filled out 3-5kg moss particle in plantation hole.
5. a kind of method controlling exotic plant Ageratum conyzoides according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step (5) by Ageratum conyzoides with expense dish, the mode of interplanting is together with this 3 Plants of ambatch and crotalaria mucronata: cheat 20cm place, limit apart from circular plantation, in the Orient, northern, west and southern 4 orientation cultivate expense dish, ambatch and crotalaria mucronata respectively; Take dish cultivation in the Orient with Liang Ge orientation, west, each orientation 10-16 strain plant division; Ambatch is cultivated in the north, each orientation 6-10 strain seedling; Crotalaria mucronata is cultivated in south, each orientation 6-10 strain seedling; Ageratum conyzoides 12 strain of planting is planted in hole in circle.
CN201410771975.4A 2014-12-16 2014-12-16 A kind of method controlling adventitious plant Herba Agerati Conyzoidis Expired - Fee Related CN104521492B (en)

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CN108901552A (en) * 2018-07-07 2018-11-30 张家界顺利生态药业专业合作社 A kind of cultivation method for increasing of pawpaw interplanting ampelopsis grossdentata

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108901552A (en) * 2018-07-07 2018-11-30 张家界顺利生态药业专业合作社 A kind of cultivation method for increasing of pawpaw interplanting ampelopsis grossdentata

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