CN104488829B - A kind of cultural method of the naked abdomen biological feed for aquaculture - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method of the naked abdomen biological feed for aquaculture Download PDFInfo
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- CN104488829B CN104488829B CN201510007369.XA CN201510007369A CN104488829B CN 104488829 B CN104488829 B CN 104488829B CN 201510007369 A CN201510007369 A CN 201510007369A CN 104488829 B CN104488829 B CN 104488829B
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- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 241000195649 Chlorella <Chlorellales> Species 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000012531 culture fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000003595 Aurantiochytrium limacinum Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 241001247197 Cephalocarida Species 0.000 description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000238571 Cladocera Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000239250 Copepoda Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000133262 Nauplius Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000607598 Vibrio Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019629 palatability Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000020995 raw meat Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000033 toxigenic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
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- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001628273 Moina macrocopa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000269799 Perca fluviatilis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000861914 Plecoglossus altivelis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000700141 Rotifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607142 Salmonella Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607768 Shigella Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000191967 Staphylococcus aureus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001441722 Takifugu rubripes Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019789 appetite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000036528 appetite Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003031 feeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 growth instability Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001418 larval effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013406 prebiotics Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006041 probiotic Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000001850 reproductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides the cultural method of a kind of naked abdomen biological feed for aquaculture.This cultural method includes step: joined by tap water in breeding pond and culture pond, and temperature regulates to 25-30 DEG C, and passes into compression air；Chlorella pyrenoidesa concentrated solution and EM bacterium solution are put in bait tin, at the temperature of 25-30 DEG C, passes into the air-activated 24-48h of compression, form mixed feed；Being joined by mixed feed in breeding pond, addition is the 1-5 ‰ of Water quality；Being put into by the seedling of naked abdomen in breeding pond, input amount is the 1-3 ‰ of Water quality, and adds mixed feed to the relaying afterflow of breeding pond；After the naked abdomen in breeding pond cultivates 48-72h, being rendered in culture pond, culture pond temperature keeps 25-30 DEG C；When abdomen naked in culture pond is cultivate Water quality more than 10 ‰, discharges it and gather.This naked abdomen biological feed is the optimal biological open-mouthed bait of following culture fishery.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultural method of a kind of naked abdomen biological feed for aquaculture, belong to biological technical field.
Background technology
In the seed rearing of aquaculture, the biological feed after wheel animalcule that nature finds has artemia larvae, Copepods and cladocera (i.e. naked abdomen).Artemia larvae (is formed by artemia ovum hatching) because resource is day by day rare, and price rises violently year by year, and there is the pathogenic bacteria pollutions such as vibrio；Though Copepods, cladocera have abundant nutrition with microalgae for bait, but fish for by natural water area and limited by season, weather etc., originate very unstable.So relying on sufficient microalgae biological, become the dream of culture fishery indoor high-density cultivation Copepods and cladocera in conjunction with prebiotic mushroom.
Naked abdomen (Moinamacrocopa), also known as cladocera, belongs to invertebrates, and the long 0.2-l.0mm of body, majority is grown in freshwater, lake, rivers, is the important bait of Fish, therefore is commonly called as " worm for fishing ".The wide adaptability of naked abdomen, reproductive capacity is strong, and growth rapidly, and is of high nutritive value, and is the agreeable to the taste bait in aquaculture larval rearing stage.Naked abdomen indoor high-density is cultivated, overcome the defect such as field nature growing environment living contaminants, growth instability, product production capacity is high, nutrition is agreeable to the taste, clean is the excellent substitute of artemia larvae without dirty, easy to use, is the optimal biological open-mouthed bait of following culture fishery.
Summary of the invention
In view of background technology Problems existing, the present invention provides the cultural method of a kind of naked abdomen biological feed for aquaculture, its can turn out have that toxigenic capacity is low, be of high nutritive value, biological feed that palatability is strong, pollution-free, easy to use.
In order to realize the purpose of the present invention, the present invention provides the cultural method of a kind of naked abdomen biological feed for aquaculture, this cultural method includes step: joined by tap water in breeding pond and culture pond, temperature regulates to 25-30 DEG C, and passing into compression air, ventilation is advisable with the unhurried current forming water body 3-5cm/s；Chlorella pyrenoidesa concentrated solution and EM bacterium solution are put in bait tin according to the ratio that volume ratio is 1:1, at the temperature of 25-30 DEG C, passes into the air-activated 24-48h of compression, form the mixed feed of naked abdomen；Being joined by mixed feed in breeding pond, addition is the 1-5 ‰ cultivating Water quality；Being put into by the seedling of naked abdomen in breeding pond, input amount is the 1-3 ‰ of breeding pond Water quality, and adds mixed feed to the relaying afterflow of breeding pond；After the naked abdomen in breeding pond cultivates 48-72h, rendering in culture pond by culture fluid together with naked abdomen, culture pond temperature keeps 25-30 DEG C；When abdomen naked in culture pond is cultivate Water quality more than 10 ‰, naked abdomen polypide and culture fluid are discharged from the overfall of culture pond.
By above technical scheme, beneficial effects of the present invention is as follows: have compared with the tradition bait such as artemia larvae that toxigenic capacity is low, be of high nutritive value, palatability is strong, the feature such as pollution-free, easy to use, is the optimal biological open-mouthed bait of following culture fishery.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the specific embodiment of the present invention is further described, advantages of the present invention and feature will be with describe and apparent.But these embodiments are only exemplary, the scope of the present invention is not constituted any restriction.
The present invention provides the cultural method of a kind of naked abdomen biological feed for aquaculture, this cultural method includes step: joined by tap water in breeding pond and culture pond, temperature regulates to 25-30 DEG C, and passes into compression air, and ventilation is advisable with the unhurried current forming water body 3-5cm/s；Chlorella pyrenoidesa concentrated solution and EM bacterium solution are put in bait tin according to the ratio that volume ratio is 1:1, at the temperature of 25-30 DEG C, passes into the air-activated 24-48h of compression, form the mixed feed of naked abdomen；Being joined by mixed feed in breeding pond, addition is the 1-5 ‰ cultivating Water quality；Being put into by the seedling of naked abdomen in breeding pond, input amount is the 1-3 ‰ of breeding pond Water quality, and continuously adds mixed feed in breeding pond；After the naked abdomen in breeding pond cultivates 48-72h, rendering in culture pond by culture fluid together with naked abdomen, culture pond temperature keeps 25-30 DEG C；When abdomen naked in culture pond is cultivate Water quality more than 10 ‰, naked abdomen polypide and culture fluid are discharged from the overfall of culture pond.
Wherein, EM bacterium solution includes bacillus subtilis, photosynthetic bacteria and schizochytrium limacinum.
Wherein, the PH of culture fluid is 6.5-8.0.
Wherein further comprise the steps of:
The naked abdomen polypide that overfall is discharged is through the sieves of 80-100 order；The naked abdomen filtered out, after tap water embathes, is filled in plastic bag, lies in refrigerator tray with the thickness of 1-2cm, then IQF, and quick freezing temperature controls below-30 DEG C；The naked abdomen polypide vanning freezed is deposited, and storage temperature is subzero 15-20 DEG C.
The culture fluid being filtrated to get returns culture pond cycle after foam separator purified treatment and uses.
Inventionculture tools and facility
Cultivating utensil: naked abdomen High Density Cultivation uses breeding pond and two kinds of containers of large-scale culture pond, breeding pond adopts acrylic water vat, for cultivation and the amplification of naked abdomen seedling, is generally 1-2m3；Culture pond adopts cement pit, cultivates for industrialization, and volume is 10-20m3。
Cultivate water body: concrete water level is determined depending on naked abdomen seedling quantity, can be controlled between the 30-40% of capacity in advance, be added gradually to that pond is deep afterwards 80%.
Cultivate bait: utilize the mixed liquor cultivation bait as naked abdomen of Chlorella pyrenoidesa concentrated solution and probiotic bacteria (containing hay bacterium, photosynthetic bacteria, schizochytrium limacinum).
Hot-water boiler: provide thermal source for culture pond, utilize circulating hot water to meet the thermostatic control of naked abdomen culture pond by heat exchanging pipe.
Bait tin and dosing pump: for providing bait for naked abdomen culture pond equably, feeding rate is determined according to the density of naked abdomen, and daily ration, feeding quantity should control to meet the naked abdomen appetite more than needed of 12-24 hour all the time, it is to avoid lack food and excessive residual bait pollutes.
Foam separator: for removing the Organic substance in culture fluid, to reduce the Organic Pollutions such as polypide feces, maintains water cleaning.
Embodiment 1
Being joined by tap water in breeding pond and culture pond, temperature regulates to 28 DEG C, and passes into compression air, and ventilation is advisable with the unhurried current forming water body 4cm/s；Chlorella pyrenoidesa concentrated solution and EM bacterium solution are put in bait tin according to the ratio that volume ratio is 1:1, at the temperature of 28 DEG C, passes into the air-activated 36h of compression, form the mixed feed of naked abdomen；Being joined by mixed feed in breeding pond, addition is cultivate Water quality 3 ‰；Being put into by the seedling of naked abdomen in breeding pond, input amount is the 4.6 ‰ of breeding pond Water quality, and continuously adds mixed feed in breeding pond；After the naked abdomen in breeding pond cultivates 72h, rendering in culture pond by culture fluid together with naked abdomen, culture pond temperature keeps 25-30 DEG C；When abdomen naked in culture pond is cultivate Water quality more than 10 ‰, naked abdomen polypide and culture fluid are discharged from the overfall of culture pond.
Condition of culture: the water yield: 10L；Water temperature: 28.0 DEG C；Incubation time: 72 hours.
Cultivation results: throw in naked abdomen seedling 460g, account for the 4.6% of water body, yield can be expected: 46kg/T；Feed coefficient is 1:1.
Embodiment 2
All the other are with embodiment 1
Condition of culture: water yield 1000L, water temperature 25-26 DEG C；Cultivation time 48h.
Result of the test: throw in naked abdomen seedling 3kg, output 21kg, net production 18kg, consumes chlorella concentrated solution 30kg, and feed coefficient (mass ratio of net production and chlorella concentrated solution) is 1:1.7.
Embodiment 3
All the other are with embodiment 1
Condition of culture: water yield 20000L, water temperature 25-26 DEG C；Cultivation time 54h.
Result of the test: throw in naked abdomen seedling 50kg, output 318kg, net production 268kg, consumes chlorella concentrated solution 500kg, and feed coefficient is 1:1.87.
1 embodiment 1-3 testing result:
Detection environmental condition: 19 DEG C of relative humiditys 45% of temperature
Detection instrument: EK-200i electronic balance AA600 sampling Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption device
LRH-150 biochemical cultivation case
The testing result of naked abdomen biological feed prepared by table 1 embodiment 1-3
| Project | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Evaluation index |
| Color and luster | Bronzing | Bronzing | Bronzing | Bronzing |
| Flavour and abnormal smells from the patient | Tool raw meat delicate flavour, free from extraneous odour | With embodiment 1 | With embodiment 1 | Tool raw meat delicate flavour, free from extraneous odour |
| Shape | Paste liquid or ice cube, polypide is intact | With embodiment 1 | With embodiment 1 | Paste liquid or ice cube, polypide is intact |
| Impurity | Without macroscopic exogenous impurity | With embodiment 1 | With embodiment 1 | Without macroscopic exogenous impurity |
| Protein (g/100g) | 6.8 | 6.5 | 6.4 | ≥5.0 |
| Total arsenic (mg/kg) | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | ≤1 |
| Plumbous (mg/kg) | 0.1 | 0.18 | 0.2 | ≤0.5 |
| Hydrargyrum (mg/kg) | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | ≤0.05 |
| Total plate count (cfu/g) | 2.4*104 | 3.2*104 | 2.8*104 | ≤50000 |
| Escherichia coli (MPN/100g) | Do not detect | Do not detect | Do not detect | ≤90 |
| Shigella | Do not detect | Do not detect | Do not detect | Must not detect |
| Salmonella | Do not detect | Do not detect | Do not detect | Must not detect |
| Staphylococcus aureus | Do not detect | Do not detect | Do not detect | Must not detect |
| Secondary dissolubility vibrio | Do not detect | Do not detect | Do not detect | Must not detect |
As seen from Table 1, the naked abdomen that the cultural method of naked abdomen bait of the present invention obtains is used all to meet the naked abdomen biological feed company standard of Q/DZ0002-2014.
2, the comparative test of naked abdomen biological feed and tradition bait result of use
Test 1:2009 December is in February, 2010, adopt through feeding that the foster fragrant fish (Plecoglossusaltivelis) of 3 kinds of bait such as the naked abdomen of chlorella, artemia nauplii, import " the first under heaven " board mixed feed examination are young, juvenile fish, carry out the comparison of survival rate and growth rate.8 weeks test periods, result shows: the survival rate of 3 kinds of bait is identical, is 100%.The growth result feeding naked abdomen is best, and body weight rate of increase is 1882.84%；The body weight rate of increase of feeding artemia nauplius is 363.24%；The body weight rate of increase feeding mixed feed is 493.14%.
Test 2:2010 March in May, 2010, adopt through feeding the naked abdomen of chlorella, 2 kinds of bait examinations of artemia nauplii support that red fin east (Takifugurubripes) are young, juvenile fish, carry out survival rate and growth rate compares.Testing 6 weeks by a definite date, result shows: the feeding effect of naked abdomen is best, and survival rate is 86%, and body weight rate of increase is 1680%；The survival rate of feeding artemia nauplius is 51%, and body weight rate of increase is 820%.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that and the details of technical solution of the present invention and form can be modified or replace lower without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, but these amendments and replacement each fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the cultural method for the naked abdomen biological feed of aquaculture, it is characterised in that include step:
Being joined by tap water in breeding pond and culture pond, temperature regulates to 25-30 DEG C, and passes into compression air, and ventilation is advisable with the unhurried current forming water body 3-5cm/s；
Chlorella pyrenoidesa concentrated solution and EM bacterium solution are put in bait tin according to the ratio that volume ratio is 1:1, at the temperature of 25-30 DEG C, passes into the air-activated 24-48h of compression, form the mixed feed of naked abdomen；
Being joined by mixed feed in breeding pond, addition is the 1-5 ‰ cultivating Water quality；
Being put into by the seedling of naked abdomen in breeding pond, input amount is the 1-3 ‰ of breeding pond Water quality, and adds mixed feed to the relaying afterflow of breeding pond；
After the naked abdomen in breeding pond cultivates 48-72h, rendering in culture pond by culture fluid together with naked abdomen, culture pond temperature keeps 25-30 DEG C；
When abdomen naked in culture pond is cultivate Water quality more than 10 ‰, naked abdomen polypide and culture fluid are discharged from the overfall of culture pond.
2. cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that EM bacterium solution includes bacillus subtilis, photosynthetic bacteria and schizochytrium limacinum.
3. cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The PH of culture fluid is 6.5-8.0.
4. cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that further comprise the steps of:
The naked abdomen polypide that overfall is discharged is gathered through the sieves filtration of 80-100 order；
The naked abdomen polypide that will filter out is cleaned, freezing below-30 DEG C；
Chilled naked abdomen polypide is deposited in the freezer of-15 DEG C to-20 DEG C.
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| CN201510007369.XA CN104488829B (en) | 2015-01-07 | 2015-01-07 | A kind of cultural method of the naked abdomen biological feed for aquaculture |
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| CN105284740B (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2018-03-02 | 长江大学 | Quick discriminating Daphnia magna children's Magna method for distinguishing |
| CN107751057B (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2021-02-09 | 广东工业大学 | Chain type single-cylinder seed-preserving culture method for daphnia magna food |
| CN108184767B (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2021-01-01 | 王景春 | Method for raising cattle |
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