CN104472563A - Water hyacinth growth inhibitor and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Water hyacinth growth inhibitor and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104472563A CN104472563A CN201410845249.2A CN201410845249A CN104472563A CN 104472563 A CN104472563 A CN 104472563A CN 201410845249 A CN201410845249 A CN 201410845249A CN 104472563 A CN104472563 A CN 104472563A
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- eupatorium adenophorum
- leaching liquor
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water hyacinth growth inhibitor which is prepared from extract liquid of ageratina adenophora plants and other auxiliary materials acceptable in pharmacy. Ageratina adenophora is an invasive plant and has the characteristics of high fertility, tendency to causing ecological unbalance and easiness in cultivation. The ageratina adenophora serves as a raw material of the inhibitor, and therefore, the cost is low and resources of ageratina adenophora can be made use of. The water hyacinth growth inhibitor can be obtained and used as long as ageratina adenophora is dried, smashed and then leached with ammonium sulfate or copper sulfate with low concentration, and chemical synthesis is not needed. Natural plants serve as main raw materials of the water hyacinth growth inhibitor, and the water hyacinth growth inhibitor has the advantages of high efficiency, low toxicity, easiness in degradation and environmental friendliness. The water hyacinth growth inhibitor is free of toxicity, efficient and pollution-free, and is mainly used for inhibiting growth of water hyacinths until the water hyacinths die.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to biological weed killer field, particularly relate to a kind of common waaterrthacinth growth inhibitor and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Weter hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) be also water lettuce, Eichhornia crassipes, water lotus etc., and belonging to Pontederiaceae phoenix eyes Nelumbo, is perennial water plants.Its fertility is extremely strong, and based on vegetative propagation, 1 strain weter hyacinth can breed the new plant of 1 strain for every 5 days usually, within 8 months, just can be multiplied into the colony of 600,000 strains.Weter hyacinth has a strong impact on shipping, aquaculture and water conservancy construction after entering rivers, lake amount reproduction, the bio-diversity of interference water ecosystem, and threatens to local resident's drinking-water, health, is listed in world's " ten dislike grass greatly ".Therefore, the preventing and controlling of weter hyacinth enjoy countries in the world to pay attention to always.
At present, weter hyacinth administering method mainly contains physics, chemistry and biological control.Physical control is manually to salvage, but this method labour intensity is large, cost is high, and control effects continuation is little, is difficult to apply in extensive waters; Chemical control mainly utilizes weed killer herbicide (as Gramoxone, glyphosate, bensulfuron-methyl and Lonster etc.), this method instant effect, but there is the problem such as secondary pollution, biological degradability difference; Biological control refers to introduces weter hyacinth natural enemy-weevil, controls weter hyacinth by food chain principle, and this method takes effect very slow, generally needs 3-5, even the longer time from release natural enemy to obtaining remarkable result.
Therefore, finding Preventing Countermeasure To Water Hyacinth Abroad new method or improving prior art is the work that one, Preventing Countermeasure To Water Hyacinth Abroad field is worth research.
Summary of the invention
In view of above-mentioned weak point, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of safe, efficient, controlled, be easy to produce, and the biostatic agent of sustainable control Eichhornia crassipes growth.
In order to realize foregoing invention object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of common waaterrthacinth growth inhibitor, is made up of Eupatorium adenophorum plant leaching liquor and other pharmaceutically acceptable auxiliary materials.
Described Eupatorium adenophorum plant leaching liquor is obtained by following preparation method:
Eupatorium adenophorum plant above ground portion running water is cleaned, dry at 40-50 DEG C to constant weight, then pulverized 0.5mm sieve series with cracker and become dry powder, the Eupatorium adenophorum dry powder getting 2-5 weight portion adds ammonium sulfate or the copper-bath of 100 part 1%, to shake under room temperature after 2h with 5000r/min centrifugal 10 minutes, supernatant is Eupatorium adenophorum plant leaching liquor.
Described auxiliary material is humectant and surfactant.
Described humectant to be mass concentration be 5% sorbitol aqueous solution.
Described surfactant to be mass concentration be 5% lauryl sodium sulfate aqueous solution.
According to volume proportion meter, described growth inhibitor is made up of following component:
Eupatorium adenophorum plant leaching liquor: 70-80
Humectant: 5-10
Surfactant: 5-10.
A kind of preparation method of common waaterrthacinth growth inhibitor comprises the following steps:
Prepared by Eupatorium adenophorum plant leaching liquor: cleaned by Eupatorium adenophorum plant above ground portion running water, dry at 40-50 DEG C to constant weight, then pulverized 0.5mm sieve series with cracker and become dry powder, the Eupatorium adenophorum dry powder getting 2-5 weight portion adds ammonium sulfate or the copper-bath of 100 part 1%, to shake under room temperature after 2h with 5000r/min centrifugal 10 minutes, supernatant is Eupatorium adenophorum plant leaching liquor;
Get Eupatorium adenophorum plant leaching liquor that volume proportion is 70-80:5-10:5-10, humectant, surfactant mix and obtain common waaterrthacinth growth inhibitor.
Further, the preparation method of common waaterrthacinth growth inhibitor comprises the following steps:
Prepared by Eupatorium adenophorum plant leaching liquor: cleaned by Eupatorium adenophorum plant above ground portion running water, dry at 40-50 DEG C to constant weight, then pulverized 0.5mm sieve series with cracker and become dry powder, the Eupatorium adenophorum dry powder getting 2-5 weight portion adds ammonium sulfate or the copper-bath of 100 part 1%, to shake under room temperature after 2h with 5000r/min centrifugal 10 minutes, supernatant is Eupatorium adenophorum plant leaching liquor;
Get Eupatorium adenophorum plant leaching liquor that volume proportion is 70-80:5-10:5-10, mass concentration be 5% sorbitol aqueous solution, mass concentration be 5% lauryl sodium sulfate aqueous solution mix and obtain common waaterrthacinth growth inhibitor.
The present invention selects Eupatorium adenophorum as natural raw raw material, the special growth inhibitor of the green developed, fast and efficiently Alien Invasive Plants weter hyacinth, have raw material be easy to get, easy to operate, reduce secondary pollution, advantages of environment protection, there is good Popularizing of A.
Compared with prior art, tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) turn waste into wealth: the Weed Eupatorium adenophorum that the present invention adopts is a kind of instruction plant, fertility is strong, easily causes disruption of ecological balance, and also have the feature of easily cultivation, it can be used as inhibitor raw material, not only cost is low, and can realize its recycling problem.
(2) produce simple: this biostatic agent only need by after Eupatorium adenophorum drying and crushing, can use, without the need to chemosynthesis with the ammonium sulfate of low concentration or copper sulphate lixiviate.
(3) environmental protection: this inhibitor is mainly raw material with natural plants, has the environmentally friendly advantages such as efficient, low toxicity, easily degraded.
The present invention is nontoxic, Effictive nuisancelless, is mainly used in suppressing Eichhornia crassipes growth until death.
Therefore, the special growth inhibitor of weter hyacinth that the present invention makes with natural biologic material has larger potential using value, has good marketing prospect.
Embodiment
The preparation of embodiment 1 common waaterrthacinth growth inhibitor
Eupatorium adenophorum plant above ground portion running water is cleaned, dry at 45 DEG C to constant weight, then pulverized 0.5 mm sieve series with cracker and become dry powder, the Eupatorium adenophorum dry powder getting 3 weight portions adds the copper-bath of 100 weight portions 1%, to shake under room temperature after 2h with 5000r/min centrifugal 10 minutes, supernatant is Eupatorium adenophorum leaching liquor.Then be the sorbitol aqueous solution of 5% by this extract and mass concentration, mass concentration be 5% sodium dodecyl sulfate aqueous solution mix according to volume ratio 75:7:7, namely obtain common waaterrthacinth growth inhibitor.
The preparation of embodiment 2 common waaterrthacinth growth inhibitor
Eupatorium adenophorum plant above ground portion running water is cleaned, dry at 50 DEG C to constant weight, then pulverized 0.5 mm sieve series with cracker and become dry powder, the Eupatorium adenophorum dry powder getting 4 weight portions adds the ammonium sulfate of 100 weight portions 1%, to shake under room temperature after 2h with 5000r/min centrifugal 10 minutes, supernatant is Eupatorium adenophorum leaching liquor.Then be the sorbitol aqueous solution (humectant) of 5% by this extract and mass concentration, mass concentration be 5% sodium dodecyl sulfate aqueous solution mix according to volume ratio 75:8:8, namely obtain common waaterrthacinth growth inhibitor.
Test example 3 common waaterrthacinth growth inhibitor is on the impact of Eichhornia crassipes growth
(1) pot experiment
Weter hyacinth picks up from draining storehouse, Wusheng County five, Guangan City, Sichuan Province, then tames in Sichuan Natural Resources Research Institute's simple plastic greenhouse.Choose size after one week, weter hyacinth plant that form is close puts into transparent plastic basin (volume: 34 × 28 × 22 cm
3) middle cultivation, culture fluid is 8L Hoagland nutrient solution, puts into 3 strain weter hyacinths in each basin, and every 3 basins are one group of experiment, and duration of test keeps the constant of nutrient solution volume by regularly adding deionized water (or distilled water).Select be sprayed on leaf and the stem surface of two experimental group weter hyacinths with biostatic agent obtained in embodiment 1 and 2 noon of fine day; Meanwhile, arrange 1 control group, control group sprays the deionized water identical with experimental group dosage; Then observation statistics is carried out to the growth response of weter hyacinth.
(2) field trial
By pot experiment determination inhibitor of the present invention to common waaterrthacinth growth inhibitor effect after, select the noon of fine day to draining storehouse, Wusheng County, Guangan City five on-the-spot carry out Eichhornia crassipes growth biostatic agent spray experiment.Result shows, the pot experiment in on-the-spot spraying test and booth has basically identical result.Show that biostatic agent of the present invention still has obvious inhibitory action to Eichhornia crassipes growth under condition in the wild.
Result of the test
1. inhibitor sprays the growth response of rear weter hyacinth
To spray in embodiment 1 obtained inhibitor micro-Huang of weter hyacinth blade leaf margin after 2 hours, dehydration 18.6%; Within 24 hours, rear blade is withered and yellow, dehydration 46.2%, the faint dehydration jaundice of stem; After 48 hours, weter hyacinth blade dries up, dehydration 74.3%, and stem turns to be yellow, dehydration 32.3%, and the growth of weter hyacinth above water is tending towards stopping.
To spray in embodiment 2 obtained inhibitor micro-Huang of weter hyacinth blade leaf margin after 2 hours, dehydration 16.5%; Within 24 hours, rear blade is withered and yellow, dehydration 43.7%, the faint dehydration jaundice of stem; After 48 hours, weter hyacinth blade dries up, dehydration 69.8%, and stem turns to be yellow, dehydration 31.6%, and the growth of weter hyacinth above water is tending towards stopping equally.
2. inhibitor sprays rear weter hyacinth breeding state
As shown in table 1, after water hyacinth biological inhibitor sprays 2 days, the old phyllopodium of weter hyacinth is originally withered, and the stem after 3 days on the water surface also starts to dry up.Meanwhile, compare check experiment, after spraying inhibitor, the leaf bud of weter hyacinth stops breeding.Visible inhibitor of the present invention has obvious inhibitory action to the growth of weter hyacinth and leaf bud breeding.
Table 1 inhibitor sprays the rear impact on weter hyacinth breeding
In sum, obtained in embodiment 1 and 2 common waaterrthacinth growth inhibitor all has inhibition fast and efficiently to the weter hyacinth under potted plant and self-sow.
Claims (8)
1. a common waaterrthacinth growth inhibitor, is characterized in that: described inhibitor is made up of Eupatorium adenophorum plant leaching liquor and other pharmaceutically acceptable auxiliary materials.
2. common waaterrthacinth growth inhibitor according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described Eupatorium adenophorum plant leaching liquor is obtained by following preparation method:
Eupatorium adenophorum plant above ground portion running water is cleaned, dry at 40-50 DEG C to constant weight, then pulverized 0.5mm sieve series with cracker and become dry powder, the Eupatorium adenophorum dry powder getting 2-5 weight portion adds ammonium sulfate or the copper-bath of 100 part 1%, to shake under room temperature after 2h with 5000r/min centrifugal 10 minutes, supernatant is Eupatorium adenophorum plant leaching liquor.
3. common waaterrthacinth growth inhibitor according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described auxiliary material is humectant and surfactant.
4. common waaterrthacinth growth inhibitor according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described humectant is the sorbitol aqueous solution of 5%.
5. common waaterrthacinth growth inhibitor according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described surfactant is the lauryl sodium sulfate aqueous solution of 5%.
6. the common waaterrthacinth growth inhibitor according to claim 1 or 3, is characterized in that: according to volume proportion meter, and described growth inhibitor is made up of following component:
Eupatorium adenophorum plant leaching liquor: 70-80
Humectant: 5-10
Surfactant: 5-10.
7. a preparation method for common waaterrthacinth growth inhibitor as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: this preparation method comprises the following steps:
Prepared by Eupatorium adenophorum plant leaching liquor: cleaned by Eupatorium adenophorum plant above ground portion running water, dry at 40-50 DEG C to constant weight, then pulverized 0.5mm sieve series with cracker and become dry powder, the Eupatorium adenophorum dry powder getting 2-5 weight portion adds ammonium sulfate or the copper-bath of 100 part 1%, to shake under room temperature after 2h with 5000r/min centrifugal 10 minutes, supernatant is Eupatorium adenophorum plant leaching liquor;
Get Eupatorium adenophorum plant leaching liquor that volume proportion is 70-80:5-10:5-10, humectant, surfactant mix and obtain common waaterrthacinth growth inhibitor.
8. a preparation method for common waaterrthacinth growth inhibitor, is characterized in that: this preparation method comprises the following steps:
Prepared by Eupatorium adenophorum plant leaching liquor: cleaned by Eupatorium adenophorum plant above ground portion running water, dry at 40-50 DEG C to constant weight, then pulverized 0.5mm sieve series with cracker and become dry powder, the Eupatorium adenophorum dry powder getting 2-5 weight portion adds ammonium sulfate or the copper-bath of 100 part 1%, to shake under room temperature after 2h with 5000r/min centrifugal 10 minutes, supernatant is Eupatorium adenophorum plant leaching liquor;
Get Eupatorium adenophorum plant leaching liquor that volume proportion is 70-80:5-10:5-10, mass concentration be 5% sorbitol aqueous solution, mass concentration be 5% lauryl sodium sulfate aqueous solution mix and obtain common waaterrthacinth growth inhibitor.
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| CN105028494A (en) * | 2015-08-10 | 2015-11-11 | 云南师范大学 | Chromolaena odorata-source water hyacinth growth regulating agent and preparation method |
| CN105053035A (en) * | 2015-08-10 | 2015-11-18 | 云南师范大学 | Sustained release water hyacinth growth regulating agent and preparation method |
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| CN101317588A (en) * | 2007-06-08 | 2008-12-10 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Application of eupatorium adenophorum extracting solution as plant source pesticide |
| CN101375691A (en) * | 2008-09-27 | 2009-03-04 | 北京市农林科学院 | Lepista sordida extract as well as preparation method and use thereof |
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| CN101317588A (en) * | 2007-06-08 | 2008-12-10 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Application of eupatorium adenophorum extracting solution as plant source pesticide |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105028494A (en) * | 2015-08-10 | 2015-11-11 | 云南师范大学 | Chromolaena odorata-source water hyacinth growth regulating agent and preparation method |
| CN105053035A (en) * | 2015-08-10 | 2015-11-18 | 云南师范大学 | Sustained release water hyacinth growth regulating agent and preparation method |
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| CN104472563B (en) | 2017-07-28 |
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