CN104452668A - Wave dissipation and slope protection structure and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Wave dissipation and slope protection structure and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104452668A CN104452668A CN201410742750.6A CN201410742750A CN104452668A CN 104452668 A CN104452668 A CN 104452668A CN 201410742750 A CN201410742750 A CN 201410742750A CN 104452668 A CN104452668 A CN 104452668A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000004282 Grewia occidentalis Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004162 soil erosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/122—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips
- E02B3/123—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips mainly consisting of stone, concrete or similar stony material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/14—Preformed blocks or slabs for forming essentially continuous surfaces; Arrangements thereof
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a wave dissipation and slope protection structure, and belongs to the technical field of hydraulic engineering. According to the invention, a group of periodically and tightly arrayed same special-shaped block bodies are arranged on a dam body or an upstream slope of a levee body; each special-shaped block body is formed through cutting a right-angled triangular prism with a right triangle bottom surface off from a right-angled quadrangular prism with a rectangular bottom surface, and meets the structure relationship as follows: one right-angled side of one bottom surface of the right-angled quadrangular prism is one bottom side of the right-angled quadrangular prism, the other right-angled side of the bottom surface of the right-angled triangular prism is one part of the other bottom side of the right-angled quadrangular prism, and the height of the right-angled triangular prism is not greater than half of the height of the right-angled quadrangular prism; in the other two side surfaces not cut from the right-angled quadrangular prism, the side surface, with one side overlapped with one side chamfered edge part of the cut-off right-angled triangular prism, faces the direction of an anti-slipping key wall. The invention further discloses a construction method of the wave dissipation and slope protection structure, and the method and the structure have the advantages of being good in wave dissipation effect and convenient for construction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of protective slope structure, particularly relate to a kind of disappear unrestrained protective slope structure and the construction method thereof that can weaken wave cut and reduce wave height, belong to hydraulic engineering technical field.
Background technology
For preventing side slope from being washed away, do on domatic various pave and plant be referred to as bank protection, i.e. so-called vegetation slope pavement and project post-evaluation.Build bank protection and will select suitable surface protection mode according to concrete environment for use and functional requirement.Engineering protection mainly contains, and mortar flag stone protects, grouts several technical matters such as grillage protection, m esh-hanging sprayed concrete protection, geotechnical grid plant grass and protect, pneumatically placed concrete protection, is mainly used for preventing embankment domatic because washing away and causes soil erosion.And for the fluctuation of water table in the hydraulic structure such as earth and rockfill dam, dyke or the strong region of wave impact, the protective slope structure built not only is wanted to prevent earth from washing away loss, also to play anti-ripple and to disappear the effect of wave.And current conventional slope protecting technique is as geotechnological gauze pad grassed slope, cellular grid grass planting bank protection or laying particular stress on to overweight prevents earth from washing away, and consider not enough to the anti-ripple wave that disappears, can not effectively stop wave height, or as gabion bank protection, place the various profiled block such as four-corner hollow square blocks, twist-shaped block body to fail bank protection and the wave that disappears to organically combine, add engineering quantity, and protective slope structure also exists structural system weakness, poor durability, the problems such as some work progress slightly complicated.As an important component part of mole, bank protection work, the design, selection etc. of armour are the important steps of anti-ripple bank protection structure design, are directly connected to the size, levee crown height etc. of the safety of anti-ripple bank protection work, levee body section.Therefore need research good stability, reflect little, low and practicable armour of climbing to meet the instructions for use of dykes and dams.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome prior art deficiency, solve ramp type dykes and dams domatic armours to disappear unrestrained poor-performing, construction is complicated, the problems such as application life is short, there is provided one to disappear unrestrained protective slope structure, the regularity utilizing special-shaped block body to be formed dislocation and depression increase domatic degree of roughness, can consume the energy that wave carries, reduce wave run-up, reduce the impact of wave to dam facing or dike face.
The unrestrained protective slope structure that disappears of the present invention, comprise and to meet water the elongated anti-skid key-wall of building by laying bricks or stones of face toe along dam body or levee body, and be arranged at dam body or levee body meet water domatic on structure surface layer, described structure surface layer by one group dam body or levee body meet water domatic on form in periodically compact arranged identical special-shaped block, the shape of described special-shaped block for by a bottom surface for rectangular straight quadrangular machine away the straight triangular prism that a bottom surface is right-angled triangle after the part that obtains, a right-angle side of a bottom surface of described straight triangular prism is a base of described straight quadrangular, and another right-angle side of described straight this bottom surface of triangular prism is the part on another base of described straight quadrangular, the height of described straight triangular prism is not more than 1/2nd of the height of described straight quadrangular, in two sides that described straight quadrangular is not cut, one bar limit and an incline that side partly overlapping of straight triangular prism machined away are towards described anti-skid key-wall direction.
Preferably, another right-angle side of described straight this bottom surface of triangular prism is the part on another base of described straight quadrangular, specifically refers to the half of another right-angle side length slightly larger than another base length of described straight quadrangular of described straight this bottom surface of triangular prism.
Preferably, adjacent on dam body or the domatic gradient direction of levee body special-shaped block Heterogeneous Permutation in the horizontal direction.
The preferred concrete for hydraulic structure of material of described special-shaped block, the preferred concrete for hydraulic structure of material of described anti-skid key-wall.
Scheme as a further improvement on the present invention, dam body or levee body is domatic and be also disposed with sand bed course and hardcore bed from the bottom to top between described structure surface layer; The preferred coarse sand of material of described sand bed course.
Preferably, the thickness of described sand bed course and hardcore bed is 10 ~ 15cm.
As above disappear described in improvement opportunity scheme the construction method of unrestrained protective slope structure, comprises the following steps:
Special-shaped block needed for steps A, previously prepared engineering;
Step B, to meet water along dam body or levee body that face toe is elongated builds anti-skid key-wall by laying bricks or stones;
Step C, dam body or levee body meet water domatic on lay sand bed course and hardcore bed successively;
Step D, described special-shaped block of arranging on hardcore bed, make described special-shaped block dam body or levee body meet water domatic in periodically close-packed arrays.
Compared to existing technology, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
Abnormity block weight compression, resistance to overturning is good, long service life; The regularity dislocation utilizing special-shaped block body to be formed and depression increase domatic degree of roughness, can consume the energy that wave carries, and reduce wave run-up, reduce the impact of wave to dam facing or dike face; Abnormity block can be prefabricated in the factory, and on-site construction operations is simple.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the present invention disappears the longitudinal profile schematic diagram of a unrestrained protective slope structure preferred embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of special-shaped block;
Fig. 3 is that the present invention disappears the structural representation of structure surface layer of a unrestrained protective slope structure preferred embodiment;
Fig. 4 is that the present invention disappears the arrangement schematic diagram of two special-shaped blocks adjacent on dam body in unrestrained protective slope structure preferred embodiment or the domatic gradient direction of levee body.
In figure, each label implication is as follows:
1 is structure surface layer, and 2 is hardcore bed, and 3 is sand bed course, and 4 is anti-skid key-wall, and 11 is special-shaped block.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is described in detail:
Thinking of the present invention be dam body or levee body meet water domatic on arrange one group in periodically compact arranged identical special-shaped block, the shape of described special-shaped block for by a bottom surface for rectangular straight quadrangular machine away the straight triangular prism that a bottom surface is right-angled triangle after the part that obtains, a right-angle side of a bottom surface of described straight triangular prism is a base of described straight quadrangular, and another right-angle side of described straight this bottom surface of triangular prism is the part on another base of described straight quadrangular, the height of described straight triangular prism is not more than 1/2nd of the height of described straight quadrangular, in two sides that described straight quadrangular is not cut, one bar limit and an incline that side partly overlapping of straight triangular prism machined away are towards described anti-skid key-wall direction.The regularity dislocation that the present invention utilizes the special-shaped block of periodically dense arrangement to be formed and depression increase domatic degree of roughness, can consume the energy that wave carries, reduce wave run-up, reduce the impact of wave to dam facing or dike face.
For the ease of public understanding technical solution of the present invention, be described in detail with a preferred embodiment of the present invention below.
Fig. 1 is the longitudinal profile schematic diagram of unrestrained protective slope structure of disappearing in this preferred embodiment.As shown in Figure 1, dam body or levee body meet water domatic (supposing that its gradient is 1:m) be equipped with structure surface layer 1, hardcore bed 2, sand bed course 3 from top to bottom successively, the thickness of hardcore bed 2 and sand bed course 3 is all preferably 10 ~ 15cm, and sand bed course 3 material used is preferably coarse sand.In order to stop bank protection slide downward, dam body or the levee body face toe that meets water is provided with elongated anti-skid key-wall 4 of building by laying bricks or stones, and preferably, anti-skid key-wall 4 has carried out overturning or slip resistance analysis design.
Structure surface layer 1 of the present invention by one group on domatic periodically compact arranged identical special-shaped block form, the structure of single special-shaped block as shown in Figure 2, its global shape for by a bottom surface be rectangular straight quadrangular (as shown in Figure 2, two length of sides of its bottom surface are respectively L, t, the part of its incline length for obtaining after b) machining away straight triangular prism that a bottom surface is right-angled triangle, a right-angle side of a bottom surface of described straight triangular prism is a base (namely the length of this right-angle side is L) of described straight quadrangular, and another right-angle side of described straight this bottom surface of triangular prism (its length is t
1) for another base of described straight quadrangular, (its length is part t), works as t
1slightly larger than a half of t, wave absorbing effect is best, height (i.e. its incline length) b of described straight triangular prism
1be less than or equal to 1/2nd of height (i.e. its incline length) b of described straight quadrangular.In two sides that described straight quadrangular is not cut, an incline that side partly overlapping (on the left of namely in Fig. 2, the length of side is respectively the one side of t and b) of one bar limit and the straight triangular prism that machines away is towards anti-skid key-wall 4 direction.For convenience of description, follow-up the straight triangular prism part machined away in special-shaped block is referred to as breach, the breach of each special-shaped block in structure surface layer 1 is placed all upward.
As long as the periodically close-packed arrays of the special-shaped block in structure surface layer 1, then this protective slope structure all can realize good wave absorbing effect.Find through experiment, when adopting arrangement mode as shown in Figure 3, wave absorbing effect is best.As shown in Figure 3, structure surface layer 1 comprises along the compact arranged many rejection shape blocks 11 of dykes and dams axis direction that (in figure, black blockage represents the non-notch part on single special-shaped block 11 surface, white blockage represents the barbed portion on single special-shaped block 11 surface), special-shaped block 11 end to end (namely a notched side of special-shaped block connects with the not notched side of another special-shaped block) close-packed arrays adjacent in each row.Adjacent special-shaped block in adjacent two rows (namely adjacent on dam body or the domatic gradient direction of levee body special-shaped block) Heterogeneous Permutation in the horizontal direction, as shown in Figure 4.
The material of abnormity block 11 and anti-skid key-wall 4 can adopt the current material such as building stones, concrete, considers convenience for construction and water proofing property, both material all preferably concrete for hydraulic structure.
The size of abnormity block 11 and mass parameter can calculate Related Formula according to appendix A wave in " rolling earth-rock dam design specifications " (SL274-2001) and bank protection and obtain, such as, when dam slope gradient m=2 ~ 5,
In formula: η-coefficient, 1.1 are got to assembling protection slab;
H
p-cumulative frequency is the wave height (m) of 1%;
L-special-shaped block is along dam slope to length (m);
L
m-mean wavelength (m);
ρ
wthe density of-water, gets 1.0t/m
3;
ρ
cthe density of-special-shaped block, 2.4t/m got by concrete
3;
M-dam slope gradient, is shown in that Fig. 1 marks.
Each special-shaped block weight can be calculated as follows:
In formula: G-special-shaped block weight;
ρ
cthe density of-special-shaped block;
H
s-significant wave height, m;
K-coefficient, can be taken as 4.37;
Gs-special-shaped block proportion;
M-dam slope gradient, is shown in that Fig. 1 marks.
Length b and length L can convert according to thickness t and quality G and mould and determine.
Above-mentioned building of the unrestrained protective slope structure that disappears comprises following process:
The first, as requested to design and construct drawing, slope is put to dykes and dams, makes it meet slope requirement, and do compacting process to domatic;
The second, estimate special-shaped block 11 quantity of needs according to engineering quantity, in factory, prefabricated special-shaped block 11, is transported to engineering site until maintenance after meeting requirement of strength;
Three, ditch bottom dykes and dams upstream face, concreting forms anti-skid key-wall 4;
Four, sand bed course 3 and hardcore bed 2 is laid;
Five, lay bed course and arrange special-shaped block 11 simultaneously, there is the side of irregular breach upwards, rule burnishing surface compresses hardcore bed 2 downwards, with rejection shape block 11 head and the tail close-packed arrays, adjacent rejection shape block 11 Heterogeneous Permutation in the horizontal direction, forms structure surface layer 1, and during laying, arrangement should be neat, smooth-going, tight, and be connected closely connected, firm with domatic and adjacent masonry, total tune is consistent, rubber hammer should be adopted in process of deployment to impact;
Six, carry out workmanship inspection, avoid occurring obvious space.
Claims (9)
1. the unrestrained protective slope structure that disappears, comprise and to meet water the elongated anti-skid key-wall of building by laying bricks or stones of face toe along dam body or levee body, and be arranged at dam body or levee body meet water domatic on structure surface layer, it is characterized in that, described structure surface layer by one group dam body or levee body meet water domatic on form in periodically compact arranged identical special-shaped block, the shape of described special-shaped block for by a bottom surface for rectangular straight quadrangular machine away the straight triangular prism that a bottom surface is right-angled triangle after the part that obtains, a right-angle side of a bottom surface of described straight triangular prism is a base of described straight quadrangular, and another right-angle side of described straight this bottom surface of triangular prism is the part on another base of described straight quadrangular, the height of described straight triangular prism is not more than 1/2nd of the height of described straight quadrangular, in two sides that described straight quadrangular is not cut, one bar limit and an incline that side partly overlapping of straight triangular prism machined away are towards described anti-skid key-wall direction.
2. disappear unrestrained protective slope structure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, another right-angle side of described straight this bottom surface of triangular prism is the part on another base of described straight quadrangular, specifically refers to the half of another right-angle side length slightly larger than another base length of described straight quadrangular of described straight this bottom surface of triangular prism.
3. disappear unrestrained protective slope structure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, special-shaped block Heterogeneous Permutation in the horizontal direction adjacent on dam body or the domatic gradient direction of levee body.
4. disappear unrestrained protective slope structure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the material of described special-shaped block is concrete for hydraulic structure.
5. disappear unrestrained protective slope structure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the material of described anti-skid key-wall is concrete for hydraulic structure.
6. disappear unrestrained protective slope structure as described in any one of Claims 1 to 5, it is characterized in that, dam body or levee body is domatic and be also disposed with sand bed course and hardcore bed from the bottom to top between described structure surface layer.
7. disappear unrestrained protective slope structure as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the material of described sand bed course is coarse sand.
8. disappear unrestrained protective slope structure as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the thickness of described sand bed course and hardcore bed is 10 ~ 15cm.
9. disappear the construction method of unrestrained protective slope structure as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Special-shaped block needed for steps A, previously prepared engineering;
Step B, to meet water along dam body or levee body that face toe is elongated builds anti-skid key-wall by laying bricks or stones;
Step C, dam body or levee body meet water domatic on lay sand bed course and hardcore bed successively;
Step D, described special-shaped block of arranging on hardcore bed, make described special-shaped block dam body or levee body meet water domatic in periodically close-packed arrays.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410742750.6A CN104452668B (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2014-12-08 | One disappears unrestrained protective slope structure and construction method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410742750.6A CN104452668B (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2014-12-08 | One disappears unrestrained protective slope structure and construction method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104452668A true CN104452668A (en) | 2015-03-25 |
| CN104452668B CN104452668B (en) | 2016-03-02 |
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ID=52899368
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108323465A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-07-27 | 广州中国科学院工业技术研究院 | Novel Muddy Bottoms fish shelter basis |
| CN109338988A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-02-15 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Unilateral aileron formula ecotype groynes |
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| JPH08134871A (en) * | 1994-11-04 | 1996-05-28 | Kyowa Concrete Kogyo Kk | Revetment harmonized with water creating natural scenery |
| RU2200793C2 (en) * | 2000-10-16 | 2003-03-20 | Кабардино-Балкарская государственная сельскохозяйственная академия | Reinforced rubble concrete fixing |
| CN2667009Y (en) * | 2003-11-07 | 2004-12-29 | 钟长林 | Environment protection slope securing greening modular blocks |
| CN1912251A (en) * | 2005-08-08 | 2007-02-14 | 汪荣勋 | Dewave block for forming dewave wall and its formed wall |
| CN204311403U (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2015-05-06 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | One disappears unrestrained protective slope structure |
-
2014
- 2014-12-08 CN CN201410742750.6A patent/CN104452668B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08134871A (en) * | 1994-11-04 | 1996-05-28 | Kyowa Concrete Kogyo Kk | Revetment harmonized with water creating natural scenery |
| RU2200793C2 (en) * | 2000-10-16 | 2003-03-20 | Кабардино-Балкарская государственная сельскохозяйственная академия | Reinforced rubble concrete fixing |
| CN2667009Y (en) * | 2003-11-07 | 2004-12-29 | 钟长林 | Environment protection slope securing greening modular blocks |
| CN1912251A (en) * | 2005-08-08 | 2007-02-14 | 汪荣勋 | Dewave block for forming dewave wall and its formed wall |
| CN204311403U (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2015-05-06 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | One disappears unrestrained protective slope structure |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108323465A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-07-27 | 广州中国科学院工业技术研究院 | Novel Muddy Bottoms fish shelter basis |
| CN109338988A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-02-15 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Unilateral aileron formula ecotype groynes |
| CN109338988B (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2024-01-23 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Single-side wing wall type ecological type spur dike |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN104452668B (en) | 2016-03-02 |
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