CN104448476A - 一种高分子季铵盐抗菌管及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种高分子季铵盐抗菌管及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- KHSLHYAUZSPBIU-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzododecinium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHSLHYAUZSPBIU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种高分子季铵盐抗菌管及其制备方法，该方法如下：(1)、抗菌母粒制备：将聚乙烯15-35份、纳米蛭石粉25-35份、硅烷偶联剂10-15份、十二烷基二甲基苄基溴化铵25-35份、无规聚丙烯APP 2-8份和硬脂酸酰胺2-8份，通过混合、挤出工艺制得抗菌母粒，温度控制170℃至200℃之间；(2)、制管：将步骤(1)的抗菌母粒70～80重量份和聚乙烯20～30重量份混合，经过三层共挤塑料挤出机或二层共挤塑料挤出机的内壁层挤出机挤出，工作温度控制在170℃～190℃，挤出注塑在塑料抗菌管的内壁，形成内壁季铵盐抗菌层。本发明的有益效果是：1、采用纳米蛭石作为抗菌载体及抗菌体，纳米级蛭石具有丰富的气孔表面，具有最大的表面积，能够最好的共价接枝有机季铵盐抗菌剂。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及塑料管材领域，更具体说，它涉及一种高分子季铵盐抗菌管及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前，塑料制品常采用银粉、锌粉、铜粉做抗菌材料或采用银粉金属粉末与纳米二氧化硅抗菌剂用于制备塑料管材，其不足在于：金属抗菌剂有重金属污染，金属粉粒易脱落，银粉抗菌剂还很贵，抗菌率不高；也有采用季铵盐类抗菌剂，季膦盐类抗菌剂，卤代胺类抗菌剂，但都见用于纺织物抗菌；少有见季铵盐与纳米二氧化硅抗菌剂，用于塑料管，而且季铵盐与纳米二氧化硅抗菌剂，制成塑料制品抗菌率不高。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服现有技术中的不足，提供一种高分子季铵盐抗菌管及其制备方法。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的。这种高分子季铵盐抗菌管，包括抗菌管管体层和内壁季铵盐抗菌层，所述的内壁季铵盐抗菌层由70～80重量份的抗菌母粒和20～30重量份的聚乙烯制备而成，其中的抗菌母粒由以下原料按重量份配比制备而得：聚乙烯15-35份、纳米蛭石粉20-35份、硅烷偶联剂10-15份、十二烷基二甲基苄基溴化铵25-35份、无规聚丙烯APP 2-8份和硬脂酸酰胺2-8份。
作为优选，所述的抗菌母粒由以下原料按重量份配比：聚乙烯20份，纳米蛭石粉30份，硅烷偶联剂12份，十二烷基二甲基苄基溴化铵30份，无规聚丙烯APP 5份，硬脂酸酰胺3份。
本发明所述的高分子季铵盐抗菌管的制备方法，该方法包括如下步骤：
(1)、抗菌母粒制备：将聚乙烯15-35份、纳米蛭石粉25-35份、硅烷偶联剂10-15份、十二烷基二甲基苄基溴化铵25-35份、无规聚丙烯APP 2-8份和硬脂酸酰胺2-8份，通过混合、挤出工艺制得抗菌母粒，温度控制170℃至200℃之间；
(2)、抗菌管制备：将步骤(1)的抗菌母粒70～80重量份和聚乙烯20～30重量份混合，经过三层共挤塑料挤出机或二层共挤塑料挤出机的内壁层挤出机挤出，工作温度控制在170℃～190℃，挤出注塑在塑料抗菌管的内壁，形成内壁季铵盐抗菌层；将塑料树脂80份、轻质碳酸钙10份、添加剂5份和无规聚丙烯5份，经三层共挤塑料挤出机或二层共挤挤出机的管体层挤出，挤出温度控制在175度至210度，形成抗菌管管体层；将塑料树脂和色母料，经三层共挤塑料挤出机信号层挤出，挤出温度控制在175度至210度，形成抗菌管信号层；内壁季铵盐抗菌层、抗菌管管体层和抗菌管信号层在一个模具头挤出成型，即抗菌管。
作为优选，所述的塑料树脂为聚乙烯、聚丙烯或聚苯乙烯。
作为优选，所述的添加剂为硬酸酯、抗氧剂、增韧剂ABS或染色剂。
本发明的有益效果是：1、经过本公司严密帅选与研发，采用纳米蛭石作为抗菌载体及抗菌体，纳米级蛭石具有丰富的气孔表面，具有最大的表面积，能够最好的共价接枝有机季铵盐抗菌剂。2、纳米蛭石，本身富含镁、钾、铝、钙等阳离子，能够侵入细菌细胞壁与阴离子结合，杀死细菌细胞。这些阳离子具有较强的杀菌抗菌作用。3、纳米蛭石共价接枝苄基溴化铵，蛭石抗菌剂得到很好改性，无机蛭石有机化，抗菌率有效提高。4、纳米蛭石抗菌耐温性能好，隔热效果好，在加工温度200℃，相比其他抗菌材料质量损失最小，抗菌有效性损失最小。
附图说明
图1是本发明抗菌管的截面示意图；
附图标记说明：内壁季铵盐抗菌层1，抗菌管管体层2，抗菌管信号层3。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式和附图对本发明作进一步阐述,实施例将帮助更好地理解本发明，但本发明并不仅仅局限于下述实施例。
实施例1：这种高分子季铵盐抗菌管，包括抗菌管管体层2和内壁季铵盐抗菌层1，所述的内壁季铵盐抗菌层1由70～80重量份的抗菌母粒和20～30重量份的聚乙烯制备而成，其中的抗菌母粒由以下原料按重量份配比：聚乙烯20份，纳米蛭石粉30份，硅烷偶联剂12份，十二烷基二甲基苄基溴化铵30份，无规聚丙烯APP 5份，硬脂酸酰胺3份。
本发明所述的高分子季铵盐抗菌管的制备方法，该方法包括如下步骤：
(1)、制备抗菌母粒：将聚乙烯20份、纳米蛭石粉30份、硅烷偶联剂12份、十二烷基二甲基苄基溴化铵30份、无规聚丙烯APP 5份和硬脂酸酰胺3份，通过混合、挤出工艺制得抗菌母粒，温度控制170℃至200℃之间，效果最佳；
(2)、制管：将步骤(1)的抗菌母粒75重量份和聚乙烯25重量份混合，经过三层共挤塑料挤出机或二层共挤塑料挤出机的内壁层挤出机挤出，工作温度控制在180℃，效果最佳，挤出注塑在塑料管的内壁，形成内壁季铵盐抗菌层1；将塑料树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯的一种)80份、轻质碳酸钙10份、添加剂5份(硬酸酯、抗氧剂、增韧剂ABS、染色剂等)、无规聚丙烯5份，经三层共挤塑料挤出机或二层共挤挤出机的管体层挤出，挤出温度控制在175度至210度，形成抗菌管管体层2；将树脂塑料(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯一种)、色母料，经三层共挤塑料挤出机信号层挤出，挤出温度控制在175度至210度，形成抗菌管信号层3；季铵盐抗菌层1、抗菌管管体层2和抗菌管信号层3在一个模具头挤出成型，即得季铵盐抗菌管。
实施例2：与实施例1不同之处在于：所述的抗菌母粒由以下原料按重量份配比制备而成：聚乙烯30份、纳米蛭石粉25份、硅烷偶联剂15份、十二烷基二甲基苄基溴化铵25份、无规聚丙烯APP 3份和硬脂酸酰胺2份。
实施例3：与实施例不同之处在于：所述的抗菌母粒由以下原料按重量份配比制备而成：聚乙烯35份、纳米蛭石粉20份、硅烷偶联剂10份、十二烷基二甲基苄基溴化铵25份、无规聚丙烯APP 5份和硬脂酸酰胺5份。
可以理解的是，上述具体实施方式不以任何形式限制本发明的技术方案，凡是采用等同替换或等效交换的方式所获得的技术方案均属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (5)
1.一种高分子季铵盐抗菌管，包括抗菌管管体层(2)和内壁季铵盐抗菌层(1)，其特征在于：所述的内壁季铵盐抗菌层(1)由70～80重量份的抗菌母粒和20～30重量份的聚乙烯制备而成，其中的抗菌母粒由以下原料按重量份配比制备而得：聚乙烯15-35份、纳米蛭石粉20-35份、硅烷偶联剂10-15份、十二烷基二甲基苄基溴化铵25-35份、无规聚丙烯APP 2-8份和硬脂酸酰胺2-8份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高分子季铵盐抗菌管，其特征在于：所述的抗菌母粒由以下原料按重量份配比：聚乙烯20份，纳米蛭石粉30份，硅烷偶联剂12份，十二烷基二甲基苄基溴化铵30份，无规聚丙烯APP 5份，硬脂酸酰胺3份。
3.一种制备如权利要求1所述的高分子季铵盐抗菌管的方法，其特征在于：该方法包括如下步骤：
(1)、抗菌母粒制备：将聚乙烯15-35份、纳米蛭石粉25-35份、硅烷偶联剂10-15份、十二烷基二甲基苄基溴化铵25-35份、无规聚丙烯APP 2-8份和硬脂酸酰胺2-8份，通过混合、挤出工艺制得抗菌母粒，温度控制170℃至200℃之间；
(2)、抗菌管制备：将步骤(1)的抗菌母粒70～80重量份和聚乙烯20～30重量份混合，经过三层共挤塑料挤出机或二层共挤塑料挤出机的内壁层挤出机挤出，工作温度控制在170℃～190℃，挤出注塑在塑料抗菌管的内壁，形成内壁季铵盐抗菌层(1)；将塑料树脂80份、轻质碳酸钙10份、添加剂5份和无规聚丙烯5份，经三层共挤塑料挤出机或二层共挤挤出机的管体层挤出，挤出温度控制在175度至210度，形成抗菌管管体层(2)；将塑料树脂和色母料，经三层共挤塑料挤出机信号层挤出，挤出温度控制在175度至210度，形成抗菌管信号层(3)；内壁季铵盐抗菌层(1)、抗菌管管体层(2)和抗菌管信号层(3)在一个模具头挤出成型，即抗菌管。
4.根据权利要求3所述的高分子季铵盐抗菌管的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的塑料树脂为聚乙烯、聚丙烯或聚苯乙烯。
5.根据权利要求3所述的高分子季铵盐抗菌管的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的添加剂为硬酸酯、抗氧剂、增韧剂ABS或染色剂。
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