CN104437115A - Composite filtering membrane for aquatic product aquaculture water, and preparation method of composite filtering membrane - Google Patents
Composite filtering membrane for aquatic product aquaculture water, and preparation method of composite filtering membrane Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a composite filtering membrane for aquatic product aquaculture water, and a preparation method of the composite filtering membrane. The composite filtering membrane for the aquatic product aquaculture water is prepared by respectively preparing amomum tsao-ko, herb of prostrate cyathula and muskroot-like semiaquilegia root extracting solutions, compounding the prepared amomum tsao-ko, herb of prostrate cyathula and muskroot-like semiaquilegia root extracting solutions with konjac glucomannan composite sol for blending, drying and forming a membrane to obtain the composite filtering membrane. The composite filtering membrane is natural, non-toxic and free from residue, and can be used for killing the harmful bacteria in the aquaculture water and promoting the growth of good bacteria, so that the drug used in the aquaculture process can be reduced, the water quality is guaranteed, and the aquatic product aquaculture safety is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cultivation recirculated water filtration, purification processing technology field, particularly relate to a kind of aquaculture water composite filtering film and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The important component part of aquaculture Ye Shi China fishery is also the important growth point of Fisheries Development.In the last few years, because the destruction of marine ecological resources and various countries fisherman fish for wantonly, marine aquatic product resource received grievous injury, and some kind even faces extinction.Therefore, the Fisheries Development center of gravity of China, by " it is main for the fishing for " transfer to " cultivation is main ", impels culture fishery to there occurs great variety.Due to the development growth of aquaculture industry and the pollution of coastal seawater water quality, progressively break away from extensive dependent form aquaculture mode, adopt intensive health type circulating water cultivation mode to become inevitable.Compared with traditional breeding way, one of its most important technical characteristic is the recycling of breeding water.
How to realize breeding water high efficiency, the recycling of low cost is the technology emphasis of modern industrialization cyclic culture, is also difficult point simultaneously.Pollutant in cultivating system mainly not by ingest residual bait, the excreta of aquaculture organism and secretion, pathogen and other impurity.Finally exist with the form of the particle suspended, dissolved organic matter, ammonia nitrogen, the existence of impact cultivation object.In order to the pollutant removed in aquaculture water reaches the object purified water, at present, usually the mechanical filter method, settling methods, the air floatation separation method that are filter medium with sandstone, gravity, bubble etc. is adopted.It is large to there is floor space in said method, and expend time in length, easily grows mosquitos and flies bacterium, and backwash is difficult, high in cost of production major defect and deficiency.For overcoming above-mentioned deficiency, providing the aquaculture water of high-quality, reducing water quality to the harm of aquaculture product, be necessary to research and develop and a kind of there is high efficiency, low cost, easy to use, the natural water product aquaculture water composite filtering film that can reuse.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly the filtration, purification problem for foreign material such as metabolite, residual bait, pollutants in aquaculture water, provides a kind of aquaculture water composite filtering film and preparation method thereof.This composite filtering film is natural, nontoxic, noresidue, can either kill harmful bacteria in aquaculture water, also can promote the growth of profitable strain simultaneously, reduces the use of breeding process Chinese traditional medicine, ensures water quality, improves aquaculture security.
The solution of corn alcohol described in the present invention take corn as the alcoholic solution that raw material production and processing goes out.
A kind of aquaculture water composite filtering film of the present invention and preparation method thereof technical scheme is, this aquaculture water composite filtering film, produce tsaoko respectively, snake see move back, radix semiaquilegiae extract, fusion composite with konjaku glucomannan complex sol, drying and forming-film and obtained composite filtering film.
Use tsaoko 70-90 part by weight, snake sees and move back 30-40 part, radix semiaquilegiae 60-70 part.
Konjaku glucomannan complex sol comprises konjak glucomannan fine powder, xanthans, shitosan, soyabean protein powder, carragheen, water, lac powder, alcohol; Get konjak glucomannan fine powder, xanthans, shitosan, soyabean protein powder, carragheen, add water and mix, obtained just solution; Get lac powder and add alcohol, and heating for dissolving, more slowly pour above-mentioned obtained first solution into, stir obtained konjaku glucomannan composite solution.
The preparation method of described a kind of aquaculture water composite filtering film, comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of tsaoko extract: take fresh tsaoko 70 ~ 90 parts cleaning, oven dry, pulverize; Caoguo is added corn alcohol solution to soak, adopt ultrasonic wave to extract, by centrifugal for crude extract rear standing, get supernatant and obtain tsaoko dry fruit extract, for subsequent use;
(2) preparation of radix semiaquilegiae extract: take radix semiaquilegiae scapus 60 ~ 70 parts, pulverize, add alcohol and boil temperature leaching, gained solution decompression is reclaimed and makes liquid extract, add water dilution, centrifuging and taking supernatant, upper macroreticular resin, use water, 50% alcohol and 95% alcohol wash-out respectively, make radix semiaquilegiae extract, for subsequent use;
(3) snake sees and moves back extract preparation: take snake and see and move back stem and 30 ~ 40 parts, leaf mixture, cleaning, draining, oven dry, is seen by dried snake to move back stem and leaf mixture is pulverized; Snake is seen moving back powder adds water mixing, then adds cellulase, heating enzymolysis, crude extract is centrifugal, leave standstill, get supernatant and obtain snake and see and move back extract;
(4) preparation of konjaku glucomannan composite solution: get konjak glucomannan fine powder, xanthans, shitosan, soyabean protein powder, carragheen, add water and mix, obtained just solution;
Get lac powder and add alcohol, and heating for dissolving, more slowly pour above-mentioned obtained first solution into, stir obtained konjaku glucomannan composite solution;
(5) preparation of composite membrane liquid: snake obtained to radix semiaquilegiae extract obtained to tsaoko extract obtained for step (1), step (2), step (3) is seen the konjaku glucomannan composite solution moving back extract, step (4) obtained mixes, stir obtained composite membrane liquid;
(6) imitative fruit cuticula Mold Making: steel wires different for pore size, as bottom surface, is paved and is fixed on the sliding plastics of face zero diopter or steel plate by the plastic plate selecting face zero diopter to slide or steel plate, obtained imitative fruit cuticula mould; The aperture that steel wire is formed is 45 ~ 200 orders.
(7) masking: the composite membrane liquid that step (5) is obtained is centrifugal degassed; Pour imitative fruit cuticula mould into, smear evenly, make it smooth surface, ease back after oven dry, film is taken off, obtained aquaculture recirculated water composite filtering film.Smear and evenly refer to and will be filled into meeting film liquid completely in imitative fruit cuticula mould, thickness is 0.5 ~ 3cm.
In step (1), the weight ratio of Caoguo and corn alcohol is 1 ~ 4:100 ~ 200, and corn alcohol mass concentration used is 60 ~ 70%.
The actual conditions that in step (1), ultrasonic wave extracts is: mixing speed is 240 ~ 360 rmp, and ultrasonic frequency is 40 KHZ, and temperature is 45 ~ 50 DEG C, extracts 30 ~ 50 min.
Snake sees that moving back powder mixes with water in step (3), and snake sees and moves back powder and water weight ratio is 1 ~ 3:300 ~ 400, and cellulase addition is 0.8 ~ 2.2 weight portion.
In step (4), in first solution, each composition is by weight: 1 ~ 3 part, konjak glucomannan fine powder, xanthans 1.5 ~ 3.5 parts, shitosan 2 ~ 3 parts, soyabean protein powder 5 ~ 8 parts, carragheen 0.5 ~ 2 part, above-mentioned powder is mixed, and according to mixed-powder: water is the deionized water that the ratio of 1 ~ 3:1000 ~ 3000 adds 60 ~ 80 DEG C.
Lac powder 0.5 ~ 0.9 weight portion is taken, with lac powder: alcohol is the alcoholic solution that 1 ~ 3:60 ~ 70 ratio adds that mass concentration is 70 ~ 80% by weight in step (4).
The preparation method of described a kind of aquaculture water composite filtering film, is specially:
(1) preparation of tsaoko extract: take fresh tsaoko 70 ~ 90 parts, with water rolling cleaning 10 ~ 20 min, be transferred to the interior oven dry of drying box 2 ~ 3 h of 50 ~ 60 DEG C after draining, dried tsaoko dry fruit poured in pulverizer and pulverizes, screened 100 ~ 200 orders, for subsequent use;
Above-mentioned Caoguo is poured in holding vessel, and by powder: corn alcohol is the corn alcohol solution mixing that 1 ~ 4:100 ~ 200 add that alcohol quality percentage composition is 60 ~ 70%, soak 5 ~ 10 h, be transferred in ultrasonic extractor, power-on, mixing speed is regulated to be 240 ~ 360 rmp, ultrasonic frequency is 40 KHZ, temperature is 45 ~ 50 DEG C, and extract 30 ~ 50 min, powered-down, crude extract is poured in centrifuge, with centrifugal 10 ~ 15 min of 2000 ~ 3000 rmp, left at room temperature 2 ~ 4 h, get supernatant and obtain tsaoko dry fruit extract, for subsequent use,
(2) preparation of radix semiaquilegiae extract: take radix semiaquilegiae scapus 60 ~ 70 parts, pulverize, screened 80 ~ 100 orders, putting into mass concentration is that 80 ~ 95% alcoholic solution 1200 ~ 1800 ml boil temperature leaching 3 ~ 5 h, gained solution is put into recovered under reduced pressure device, under lower than an atmospheric state 45 ~ 55 DEG C, 1 ~ 2h makes liquid extract, add 300 ~ 500 ml water dilutions, with centrifuge 15 ~ 20 min that speed is 3000 rmp, get supernatant, upper macroreticular resin, use water respectively, 50% alcohol and 95% alcohol wash-out, make radix semiaquilegiae extract, for subsequent use,
(3) snake sees and moves back extract preparation: take snake and see and move back stem and 30 ~ 40 parts, leaf mixture, with Water spray cleaning 10 ~ 20 min, draining 1 ~ 2 h, transfer to the interior oven dry of drying box 30 ~ 50 min of 40 ~ 50 DEG C, dried snake is seen and moves back stem and leaf mixture is pulverized, screened 200 ~ 300 orders;
Above-mentioned snake is seen and moves back powder by powder: water is that 1 ~ 3:300 ~ 400 add deionized water mixing, add 0.8 ~ 2.2 part of cellulase again, be heated to 50 ~ 60 DEG C, mixing speed is 60 ~ 100 rmp, after enzymolysis 3 ~ 5 h, by crude extract with centrifugal 8 ~ 12 min of 3500 ~ 4000 rmp, left at room temperature 2 ~ 4 h, get supernatant to obtain snake and see and move back extract, for subsequent use;
(4) preparation of konjaku glucomannan composite solution: get 1 ~ 3 part, konjak glucomannan fine powder by weight, xanthans 1.5 ~ 3.5 parts, shitosan 2 ~ 3 parts, soyabean protein powder 5 ~ 8 parts, carragheen 0.5 ~ 2 part mixing, according to mixed-powder: water is the deionized water that the ratio of 1 ~ 3:1000 ~ 3000 adds 60 ~ 80 DEG C, stirs 30 ~ 50 min with 120 ~ 320 rmp, solution is mixed, obtained just solution;
Take 0.5 ~ 0.9 part, lac powder, with lac powder: alcohol is that to add mass concentration be 70 ~ 80% alcoholic solutions to 1 ~ 3:60 ~ 70 ratio, and be heated to 80 ~ 100 DEG C and make it fully dissolve, slowly pour above-mentioned obtained first solution again into, and stir 10 ~ 20 min with 90 ~ 180 rmp, obtained konjaku glucomannan composite solution;
(5) preparation of composite membrane liquid: snake obtained to radix semiaquilegiae extract obtained to tsaoko extract obtained for step (1), step (2), step (3) is seen the konjaku glucomannan composite solution moving back extract, step (4) obtained mixes, and stir 30 ~ 40 min with rotating speed 80 ~ 120 rmp, obtained composite membrane liquid;
(6) imitative fruit cuticula Mold Making: steel wires different for pore size, as bottom surface, is paved and is fixed on the sliding plastics of face zero diopter or steel plate by the plastic plate selecting face zero diopter to slide or steel plate, obtained imitative fruit cuticula mould;
(7) masking: composite membrane liquid 3000 r/min centrifuge degassed 10 ~ 20 mins obtained by step (5); Pour imitative fruit cuticula mould into, smear evenly, make it smooth surface, be transferred in 60 ~ 70 DEG C of baking ovens and dry 1 ~ 2 h, taking-up is placed in relative humidity 50 ~ 60% environment and eases back, and is taken off by film, obtained aquaculture recirculated water composite filtering film.
Get the aquaculture recirculated water composite filtering film 3 ~ 15 that step (7) is obtained, each angular alignment overlaps, and deposits and can use to lautertuns.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the present invention see with konjaku glucomannan composite solution and snake move back, radix semiaquilegiae, tsaoko extract obtain composite filtering film.Konjaku glucomannan is the main component of konjaku powder, has the performances such as excellent moisturizing, film forming, gel, degradable, bactericidal properties, and aboundresources; Add the viscosity that soyabean protein powder can increase mixture, contribute to improving film strength and adaptation; Xanthans is the outer heteroglycan of a kind of extracellular microbial, there are good tackifying, synergistic, pseudoplastic behavior, peptizaiton and stable emulsifying performance etc., carragheen is a kind of natural plants macromolecule polysaccharide hydrophilic gel material, has the advantageous properties such as thickening, gelling, film forming and stable dispersant; Shitosan is a kind of material extracted from the shellfish such as shrimp, crab shell, has biocidal property while high adsorption capacity; Lac is the natural resin that the oozy a kind of aubergine of lac insect has special nature, has good insulation, anticorrosion, antirust, the characteristics such as resistance to oleic acid; Containing multiple lactone in radix semiaquilegiae extract, there is anticorrosion, stable, bulk, freezing action; Tsaoko extract, snake see move back extract have antibacterial, antiviral, kill parasitic effect.Natural green plant extraction liquid ingredient is natural, nontoxic, noresidue, can either kill harmful bacteria in aquaculture water, also can promote the growth of profitable strain simultaneously, reduces the use of breeding process Chinese traditional medicine, ensures water quality, improves aquaculture security.
detailed description of the invention:
In order to understand the present invention better, describe technical scheme of the present invention in detail with instantiation below, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
The raw materials used trade name of the present invention and manufacturer as follows:
Konjak glucomannan fine powder, trade name: konjaku powder, factory: Hubei Hui Pu biochemical technology Co., Ltd;
Xanthans, trade name: xanthans, factory: De Rui bio tech ltd, Zhengzhou;
Shitosan, soyabean protein powder, carragheen: factory: Henan Qi Nuo food ingredient Co., Ltd;
Lac powder, factory: the large magnificent great achievement medication chemistry Co., Ltd in Wuhan.
embodiment 1
(1) preparation of tsaoko extract: take fresh tsaoko 75 parts, pour unlatching running water in pond into and carry out rolling cleaning 13 min, pull out and put into drying box oven dry 2 h that net dish is transferred to 50 DEG C, dried tsaoko dry fruit is poured in pulverizer and pulverizes, screened 100 orders, for subsequent use;
Above-mentioned tsaoko dry fruit powder is poured in holding vessel, and by powder: corn alcohol is that 1:100 adds 60% corn alcohol mixing, soaks 6 h, be transferred in ultrasonic extractor, power-on, regulate mixing speed to be 240 rmp, ultrasonic frequency is 40 KHZ, and temperature is 45 DEG C, and after extracting 45 min, powered-down, crude extract is poured in centrifuge, with centrifugal 12 min of 2000 rmp, left at room temperature 2 h, get supernatant and obtain tsaoko dry fruit extract, for subsequent use;
(2) preparation of radix semiaquilegiae extract: accurately take radix semiaquilegiae scapus 60 parts, pour in pulverizer and pulverize, screened 80 orders, put into 85% alcohol 1400 ml and boil temperature leaching 3 h, gained solution is put into recovered under reduced pressure device, under lower than an atmospheric state 45 DEG C, 1 h makes liquid extract, add 450 ml water dilutions, be centrifuge 15 min of 3000 rmp by speed, get supernatant, upper macroreticular resin, use water, 50% alcohol and 95% alcohol wash-out respectively, make radix semiaquilegiae extract, for subsequent use;
(3) snake sees and moves back extract preparation: take snake and see and move back stem and 40 parts, leaf mixture, put into pond spray thrower and clean 15 min, pull out and put into net dish draining 1 h, transfer to the interior oven dry of drying box 35 min of 40 DEG C, dried snake is seen moving back stem and leaf mixture pours in pulverizer and pulverize, screened 200 orders, for subsequent use;
Above-mentioned snake is seen moving back powder pours in holding vessel, and by powder: water is that 1:300 adds deionized water mixing, add 1.2 parts of cellulases again, be heated to 55 DEG C, mixing speed is 80 rmp, after enzymolysis 3 h, crude extract is poured in centrifuge, with centrifugal 10 min of 3500 rmp, left at room temperature 2.5 h, get supernatant to obtain snake and see and move back extract, for subsequent use;
(4) preparation of konjaku glucomannan composite solution: evenly take 1.5 parts, konjak glucomannan fine powder, xanthans 2 parts, shitosan 2 parts, soyabean protein powder 6 parts, carragheen 1 part, above-mentioned powder is mixed, and according to powder: water is that the ratio of 1:1000 adds in the deionized water of 60 DEG C, and stirs 35 min with 180 rmp, and solution is mixed, obtained just solution, for subsequent use;
Take 0.8 part, lac powder, with powder: alcohol is that 1:60 ratio adds 75% alcohol, and be heated to 90 DEG C and make it fully dissolve, slowly pouring above-mentioned obtained first solution into, and stirring 15 min with 100 rmp, obtained konjaku glucomannan composite solution, for subsequent use;
(5) preparation of natural composite membrane liquid: snake obtained to radix semiaquilegiae extract obtained to tsaoko extract obtained for step (1), step (2), step (3) is seen the konjaku glucomannan composite solution moving back extract, step (4) obtained mixes, and stir 35 min with rotating speed 100 rmp, obtained natural composite membrane liquid, for subsequent use;
(6) imitative fruit cuticula Mold Making: the steel wire of pore size difference (aperture is 45 ~ 200 orders), as bottom surface, is paved and is fixed on the sliding plastics of face zero diopter or steel plate by the plastic plate selecting face zero diopter to slide or steel plate, obtained imitative fruit cuticula mould;
(7) masking: natural composite membrane liquid 3000 r/min centrifuge degassed 13 mins obtained by step (5); Pour imitative fruit cuticula mould into, smear evenly (thickness is 0.5 ~ 3cm), make it smooth surface, be transferred in 60 DEG C of baking ovens and dry 1 h, taking-up is placed in relative humidity 50% environment and eases back, and is taken off by film, obtained aquaculture recirculated water composite filtering film.
The using method of aquaculture recirculated water composite filtering film:
Take crucian as breed variety, cultivation density is 10kg/m
3, recirculated water cumulative volume is 15m
3, water temperature is 20 DEG C, gets aquaculture recirculated water composite filtering film 6 obtained in step (7), and each angular alignment overlaps, and deposits in lautertuns, filters with the water circulation speed of 30L/min;
Reference examples 1
Difference from Example 1 is, this reference examples adopts the crawl Water warfare adsorption filtration active fruit shell carbon of market supply;
Reference examples 2
Difference from Example 1 is, this reference examples adopts publication number to carry out filtration treatment for the grains of sand bed biofiltration device described in the patent application of CN102812919A.
Ammonia nitrogen removal effectiveness comparison in table 1 water
。
As shown in table 1, when filtration treatment 6h, in three groups of experiment water there is significant change in ammonia-nitrogen content, and embodiment 1 ammonia nitrogen removal frank is comparatively up to 32.7%, in two control groups, ammonia-nitrogen content also obviously reduces, contrast 1 with contrast 2 ammonia nitrogen removal franks and reach 16.5% and 23.2% respectively.Along with the increase in processing time, each group ammonia nitrogen removal frank rises gradually, and wherein the ammonia nitrogen removal frank of embodiment is all the time higher than control group, possesses higher ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency.When filtration treatment is to 48h, the ammonia nitrogen removal frank of embodiment 1 is comparatively up to 69.7%, and two control group ammonia nitrogen removal franks are equal to 55%.
In table 2 water, suspended particulate substance removal effect compares
。
As shown in table 2, when filtration treatment 6h, in three groups of experiment water, suspended particulate substance content is obviously reduced, and embodiment 1 suspended particulate substance clearance is comparatively up to 66.2%, and in two control groups, suspended particulate substance clearance is respectively 47.5% and 51.7%.Along with the increase in processing time, each group suspended particulate substance clearance rises gradually.When filtration treatment is to 48h, the suspended particulate substance clearance of embodiment 1 is comparatively up to 90.2%, and two control group suspended particulate substance clearances are all starkly lower than embodiment 1.
In table 3 water, coliform group count compares
。
As shown in table 3, when filtration treatment 6h, in three groups of experiment water, coliform group count content is all greater than more than 80 × 100, and embodiment 1 coliform group count is lower slightly is that in 83 × 100, two control groups, coliform group count is respectively 91 × 100 and 87 × 100.Along with the increase in processing time, the outstanding coliform group count of each group reduces gradually.When filtration treatment is to 48h, the coliform group count of embodiment 1 is reduced to 15 × 100, and two control group coliform group counts are all apparently higher than embodiment 1.
embodiment 2
(1) preparation of tsaoko extract: take fresh tsaoko 80 parts, pour unlatching running water in pond into and carry out rolling cleaning 15 min, pull out and put into drying box oven dry 3 h that net dish is transferred to 60 DEG C, dried tsaoko dry fruit is poured in pulverizer and pulverizes, screened 200 orders, for subsequent use;
Above-mentioned tsaoko dry fruit powder is poured in holding vessel, and by powder: corn alcohol is that 1.5:170 adds 60% corn alcohol mixing, soaks 8 h, be transferred in ultrasonic extractor, power-on, regulate mixing speed to be 300 rmp, ultrasonic frequency is 40 KHZ, and temperature is 45 DEG C, and after extracting 40 min, powered-down, crude extract is poured in centrifuge, with centrifugal 12 min of 2500 rmp, left at room temperature 2 h, get supernatant and obtain tsaoko dry fruit extract, for subsequent use;
(2) preparation of radix semiaquilegiae extract: accurately take radix semiaquilegiae scapus 65 parts, pour in pulverizer and pulverize, screened 90 orders, put into 85% alcohol 1600 ml and boil temperature leaching 3 h, gained solution is put into recovered under reduced pressure device, under lower than an atmospheric state 45 DEG C, 1.2h makes liquid extract, add 350 ml water dilutions, be centrifuge 18 min of 3000 rmp by speed, get supernatant, upper macroreticular resin, use water, 50% alcohol and 95% alcohol wash-out respectively, make radix semiaquilegiae extract, for subsequent use;
(3) snake sees and moves back extract preparation: take snake and see and move back stem and 38 parts, leaf mixture, put into pond spray thrower and clean 15 min, pull out and put into net dish draining 1 h, transfer to the interior oven dry of drying box 40 min of 45 DEG C, dried snake is seen moving back stem and leaf mixture pours in pulverizer and pulverize, screened 280 orders, for subsequent use;
Above-mentioned snake is seen moving back powder pours in holding vessel, and by powder: water is that 1:350 adds deionized water mixing, add 1.2 parts of cellulases again, be heated to 55 DEG C, mixing speed is 80 rmp, after enzymolysis 3 h, crude extract is poured in centrifuge, with centrifugal 10 min of 3500 rmp, left at room temperature 2.5 h, get supernatant to obtain snake and see and move back extract, for subsequent use;
(4) preparation of konjaku glucomannan composite solution: evenly take 1 part, konjak glucomannan fine powder, xanthans 2 parts, shitosan 2.2 parts, soyabean protein powder 6.8 parts, carragheen 1 part, above-mentioned powder is mixed, and according to powder: water is that the ratio of 1:1600 adds in the deionized water of 75 DEG C, and stirs 40 min with 180 rmp, and solution is mixed, obtained just solution, for subsequent use;
Take 0.6 part, lac powder, with powder: alcohol is that 3:68 ratio adds 75% alcohol, and be heated to 90 DEG C and make it fully dissolve, slowly pouring above-mentioned obtained first solution into, and stirring 17 min with 140 rmp, obtained konjaku glucomannan composite solution, for subsequent use;
(5) preparation of natural composite membrane liquid: snake obtained to radix semiaquilegiae extract obtained to tsaoko extract obtained for step (1), step (2), step (3) is seen the konjaku glucomannan composite solution moving back extract, step (4) obtained mixes, and stir 36 min with rotating speed 100 rmp, obtained natural composite membrane liquid, for subsequent use;
(6) imitative fruit cuticula Mold Making: the steel wire of pore size difference (aperture is 45 ~ 200 orders), as bottom surface, is paved and is fixed on the sliding plastics of face zero diopter or steel plate by the plastic plate selecting face zero diopter to slide or steel plate, obtained imitative fruit cuticula mould;
(7) masking: natural composite membrane liquid 3000 r/min centrifuge degassed 16 mins obtained by step (5); Pour imitative fruit cuticula mould into, smear evenly (thickness is 0.5 ~ 3cm), make it smooth surface, be transferred in 65 DEG C of baking ovens and dry 1.2 h, taking-up is placed in relative humidity 60% environment and eases back, and is taken off by film, obtained aquaculture recirculated water composite filtering film.
The crawl Water warfare adsorption filtration active fruit shell carbon of the composite filtering film prepared by the present embodiment and market supply and publication number compare for the grains of sand bed biofiltration device described in the patent application of CN102812919A carries out filtration treatment.
The results show, in process 48 as a child, composite filtering film suspended particulate substance clearance, coliform clearance in ammonia nitrogen removal frank, water prepared by the present embodiment were obviously better than other two groups of reference examples.As can be seen here, composite filtering film of the present invention can reduce the use of breeding process Chinese traditional medicine, ensures water quality, improves aquaculture security.
Claims (10)
1. an aquaculture water composite filtering film, is characterized in that, produce tsaoko respectively, snake see move back, radix semiaquilegiae extract, fusion composite with konjaku glucomannan complex sol, drying and forming-film and obtained composite filtering film.
2. a kind of aquaculture water composite filtering film according to claim 1, is characterized in that, uses tsaoko 70-90 part by weight, snake sees and move back 30-40 part, radix semiaquilegiae 60-70 part.
3. a kind of aquaculture water composite filtering film according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, konjaku glucomannan complex sol comprises konjak glucomannan fine powder, xanthans, shitosan, soyabean protein powder, carragheen, water, lac powder, alcohol; Get konjak glucomannan fine powder, xanthans, shitosan, soyabean protein powder, carragheen, add water and mix, obtained just solution; Get lac powder and add alcoholic solution, and heating for dissolving, more slowly pour above-mentioned obtained first solution into, stir obtained konjaku glucomannan composite solution.
4. the preparation method of a kind of aquaculture water composite filtering film as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) preparation of tsaoko extract: take fresh tsaoko 70 ~ 90 parts cleaning, oven dry, pulverize; Caoguo is added corn alcohol solution to soak, adopt ultrasonic wave to extract, by centrifugal for crude extract rear standing, get supernatant and obtain tsaoko dry fruit extract, for subsequent use;
(2) preparation of radix semiaquilegiae extract: take radix semiaquilegiae scapus 60 ~ 70 parts, pulverize, add alcohol and boil temperature leaching, gained solution decompression is reclaimed and makes liquid extract, add water dilution, centrifuging and taking supernatant, upper macroreticular resin, use water, 50% alcohol and 95% alcohol wash-out respectively, make radix semiaquilegiae extract, for subsequent use;
(3) snake sees and moves back extract preparation: take snake and see and move back stem and 30 ~ 40 parts, leaf mixture, cleaning, draining, oven dry, is seen by dried snake to move back stem and leaf mixture is pulverized; Snake is seen moving back powder adds water mixing, then adds cellulase, heating enzymolysis, crude extract is centrifugal, leave standstill, get supernatant and obtain snake and see and move back extract;
(4) preparation of konjaku glucomannan composite solution: get konjak glucomannan fine powder, xanthans, shitosan, soyabean protein powder, carragheen, add water and mix, obtained just solution;
Get lac powder and add alcohol, and heating for dissolving, more slowly pour above-mentioned obtained first solution into, stir obtained konjaku glucomannan composite solution;
(5) preparation of composite membrane liquid: snake obtained to radix semiaquilegiae extract obtained to tsaoko extract obtained for step (1), step (2), step (3) is seen the konjaku glucomannan composite solution moving back extract, step (4) obtained mixes, stir obtained composite membrane liquid;
(6) imitative fruit cuticula Mold Making: select plastic plate that face zero diopter is sliding or steel plate as bottom surface, paves different for pore size steel wires and is fixed on the sliding plastics of face zero diopter or steel plate, obtained imitative fruit cuticula mould;
(7) masking: the composite membrane liquid that step (5) is obtained is centrifugal degassed; Pour imitative fruit cuticula mould into, smear evenly, make it smooth surface, ease back after oven dry, film is taken off, obtained aquaculture recirculated water composite filtering film.
5. the preparation method of a kind of aquaculture water composite filtering film according to claim 4, is characterized in that, in step (1), the weight ratio of Caoguo and corn alcohol is 1 ~ 4:100 ~ 200, and corn alcohol mass concentration used is 60 ~ 70%.
6. the preparation method of a kind of aquaculture water composite filtering film according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, the actual conditions that in step (1), ultrasonic wave extracts is: mixing speed is 240 ~ 360 rmp, and ultrasonic frequency is 40 KHZ, temperature is 45 ~ 50 DEG C, extracts 30 ~ 50 min.
7. the preparation method of a kind of aquaculture water composite filtering film according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, snake sees that moving back powder mixes with water in step (3), and snake sees and moves back powder and water weight ratio is 1 ~ 3:300 ~ 400, and cellulase addition is 0.8 ~ 2.2 weight portion.
8. the preparation method of a kind of aquaculture water composite filtering film according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, in step (4), in first solution, each composition is by weight: 1 ~ 3 part, konjak glucomannan fine powder, xanthans 1.5 ~ 3.5 parts, shitosan 2 ~ 3 parts, soyabean protein powder 5 ~ 8 parts, carragheen 0.5 ~ 2 part, above-mentioned powder is mixed, and according to mixed-powder: water is the deionized water that the ratio of 1 ~ 3:1000 ~ 3000 adds 60 ~ 80 DEG C.
9. the preparation method of a kind of aquaculture water composite filtering film according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, lac powder 0.5 ~ 0.9 weight portion is taken, with lac powder: alcohol is that 1 ~ 3:60 ~ 70 ratio adds 70 ~ 80% alcohol by weight in step (4).
10. the preparation method of a kind of aquaculture water composite filtering film according to claim 4, is characterized in that, be specially:
(1) preparation of tsaoko extract: take fresh tsaoko 70 ~ 90 parts, with water rolling cleaning 10 ~ 20 min, be transferred to the interior oven dry of drying box 2 ~ 3 h of 50 ~ 60 DEG C after draining, dried tsaoko dry fruit poured in pulverizer and pulverizes, screened 100 ~ 200 orders, for subsequent use;
Above-mentioned Caoguo is poured in holding vessel, and by powder: corn alcohol is the corn alcohol solution mixing that 1 ~ 4:100 ~ 200 add that alcohol quality percentage composition is 60 ~ 70%, soak 5 ~ 10 h, be transferred in ultrasonic extractor, power-on, mixing speed is regulated to be 240 ~ 360 rmp, ultrasonic frequency is 40 KHZ, temperature is 45 ~ 50 DEG C, and extract 30 ~ 50 min, powered-down, crude extract is poured in centrifuge, with centrifugal 10 ~ 15 min of 2000 ~ 3000 rmp, left at room temperature 2 ~ 4 h, get supernatant and obtain tsaoko dry fruit extract, for subsequent use,
(2) preparation of radix semiaquilegiae extract: take radix semiaquilegiae scapus 60 ~ 70 parts, pulverize, screened 80 ~ 100 orders, putting into mass concentration is that 80 ~ 95% alcohol 1200 ~ 1800 ml boil temperature leaching 3 ~ 5 h, gained solution is put into recovered under reduced pressure device, under lower than an atmospheric state 45 ~ 55 DEG C, 1 ~ 2h makes liquid extract, add 300 ~ 500 ml water dilutions, with centrifuge 15 ~ 20 min that speed is 3000 rmp, get supernatant, upper macroreticular resin, use water respectively, 50% alcohol and 95% alcohol wash-out, make radix semiaquilegiae extract, for subsequent use,
(3) snake sees and moves back extract preparation: take snake and see and move back stem and 30 ~ 40 parts, leaf mixture, with Water spray cleaning 10 ~ 20 min, draining 1 ~ 2 h, transfer to the interior oven dry of drying box 30 ~ 50 min of 40 ~ 50 DEG C, dried snake is seen and moves back stem and leaf mixture is pulverized, screened 200 ~ 300 orders;
Above-mentioned snake is seen and moves back powder by powder: water is that 1 ~ 3:300 ~ 400 add deionized water mixing, add 0.8 ~ 2.2 part of cellulase again, be heated to 50 ~ 60 DEG C, mixing speed is 60 ~ 100 rmp, after enzymolysis 3 ~ 5 h, by crude extract with centrifugal 8 ~ 12 min of 3500 ~ 4000 rmp, left at room temperature 2 ~ 4 h, get supernatant to obtain snake and see and move back extract, for subsequent use;
(4) preparation of konjaku glucomannan composite solution: get 1 ~ 3 part, konjak glucomannan fine powder by weight, xanthans 1.5 ~ 3.5 parts, shitosan 2 ~ 3 parts, soyabean protein powder 5 ~ 8 parts, carragheen 0.5 ~ 2 part mixing, according to mixed-powder: water is the deionized water that the ratio of 1 ~ 3:1000 ~ 3000 adds 60 ~ 80 DEG C, stirs 30 ~ 50 min with 120 ~ 320 rmp, solution is mixed, obtained just solution;
Take 0.5 ~ 0.9 part, lac powder, with lac powder: alcohol is the alcohol that 1 ~ 3:60 ~ 70 ratio adds that mass concentration is 70 ~ 80%, and be heated to 80 ~ 100 DEG C and make it fully dissolve, slowly pour above-mentioned obtained first solution again into, and stir 10 ~ 20 min with 90 ~ 180 rmp, obtained konjaku glucomannan composite solution;
(5) preparation of composite membrane liquid: snake obtained to radix semiaquilegiae extract obtained to tsaoko extract obtained for step (1), step (2), step (3) is seen the konjaku glucomannan composite solution moving back extract, step (4) obtained mixes, and stir 30 ~ 40 min with rotating speed 80 ~ 120 rmp, obtained composite membrane liquid;
(6) imitative fruit cuticula Mold Making: steel wires different for pore size, as bottom surface, is paved and is fixed on the sliding plastics of face zero diopter or steel plate by the plastic plate selecting face zero diopter to slide or steel plate, obtained imitative fruit cuticula mould;
(7) masking: composite membrane liquid 3000 r/min centrifuge degassed 10 ~ 20 mins obtained by step (5); Pour imitative fruit cuticula mould into, smear evenly, make it smooth surface, be transferred in 60 ~ 70 DEG C of baking ovens and dry 1 ~ 2 h, taking-up is placed in relative humidity 50 ~ 60% environment and eases back, and is taken off by film, obtained aquaculture recirculated water composite filtering film.
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| CN107487956A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2017-12-19 | 西南科技大学 | The method that microwave Fenton methods handle radioactive wastewater |
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| CN203262050U (en) * | 2013-06-14 | 2013-11-06 | 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 | Filtering device applicable to water inlet/outlet of running water culture pond |
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