CN104431295B - Method for preparing livestock feed from vinasse - Google Patents
Method for preparing livestock feed from vinasse Download PDFInfo
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- CN104431295B CN104431295B CN201410791646.6A CN201410791646A CN104431295B CN 104431295 B CN104431295 B CN 104431295B CN 201410791646 A CN201410791646 A CN 201410791646A CN 104431295 B CN104431295 B CN 104431295B
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- filtrate
- filtering residue
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention provides a method for preparing a livestock feed from vinasse. The method comprises the following steps: drying the vinasse; then sequentially carrying out microwave treatment and ammoniation treatment; and fermenting the treated vinasse by using candida utilis, trichoderma koningii and lactic acid bacteria to prepare the livestock feed. The feed prepared by the invention has the relatively high protein content and can be used for effectively increasing the weight of livestock and improving the meat quality of the livestock.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to bioengineering field, and in particular to a kind of method that utilization distiller grains prepare feed stripped.
Background technology
China is liquor production big country, according to statistics, nationwide above Liquor-making Enterprises ＆ cumulative production 1226.20 ten thousand in 2013
Kilolitre, produces about 35,000,000 tons of distiller grains, can produce about 13,000,000 tons of distiller's dried grain feedstuffs.According to surveying and determination, distiller grains are air-dried and contained in thing
17% protein, the complete balance of aminoacid.However, fresh grain stillage is high due to water content, storage and transport are difficult, in addition winery
The periodicity of production and the contradiction using presence between seasonality；Additionally, containing 35.6% rice husk in distiller grains, volume is but accounted for
50%, crude fiber content has had a strong impact on the performance of distiller grains nutritive value up to 18.6%.Therefore, distiller grains utilization rate is still less than 50%,
Major part goes out of use, both waste of resource, and environment is polluted again.
At present to preparing biological feedstuff using distiller grains, existing many researchs.But presence is unable to effectively utilizes distiller grains, to distiller grains
Middle cellulose and ligocellulose degradation are insufficient, and crude protein content of feed is not high, and the shortcoming of fermentation period length.Such as China specially
Sharp CN102715342A, its fermentation period is at least 10 days, at most close 50 days.And the feedstuff prepared by prior art, increase day by day
Heavy water puts down limited, mostly 0.5kg/d or so, at most also rarely exceeds 1kg/d, traces it to its cause, and is mainly difficult in a large number in distiller grains
The cellulose of digestion is not degraded very well, and feedstuff does not have sufficient composition easy to digest to absorb for domestic animal after fermentation.Due to existing
Feed nutrient proportioning is bad in technology, typically more inferior by the quality of the meat of feed domestic animal.Above-mentioned deficiency not only subtracts
The time is cultivated in the growth for having delayed domestic animal, also reduces the economic worth of livestock meat.
Therefore, need that a kind of preparation time of exploitation is short, gained feed quality is excellent and can be effectively increased domestic animal body weight and change badly
The method that the utilization distiller grains of kind meat prepare feed stripped.
The content of the invention
For the shortcoming of prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of utilization distiller grains prepare the side of feed stripped
Method, the method comprises the steps：
1）Distiller grains are dried, particle diameter is crushed to and is not more than 3mm；
2）To step 1）It is 30-40% that gains add water to humidity, and in microwave-heating stove microwave treatment is carried out, and temperature is
110-130 DEG C, process time is 5-10min, is filtered afterwards, collects filtering residue I and filtrate I；
3）By step 2）Gained filtering residue drying, with solid-liquid mass ratio 1:2-1:3, add ammonia, mix homogeneously to react 10-
30min, filters afterwards, collects filtering residue II and filtrate II；
4）Filtering residue I, filtrate I, filtering residue II and filtrate II are merged, it is 25-35% that drying is concentrated into humidity, it is 7 to adjust pH；
5）By Candida utilis, koning trichoderma and lactic acid bacteria with mass ratio 4:5:1 ratio mixing, is inoculated in step 4）
On gains, inoculum concentration is 3-5%, in 37 DEG C of bottom fermentation 24-48h, obtains feed stripped.
The distiller grains are, with Sorghum vulgare Pers., rice, Oryza glutinosa, Semen Tritici aestivi and Semen Maydiss at least one as raw material, to prepare remaining after Chinese liquor
Waste residue, preferably prepares remaining waste residue after Chinese liquor by primary raw material of Sorghum vulgare Pers..
Preferably, in step 2）In, to step 1）It is 35% that gains add water to humidity, and the temperature of microwave treatment is 120
DEG C, process time is 7min.Microwave treatment can destroy the lattice structure of distiller grains, and the specific surface area of distiller grains is significantly increased,
Saccharifying beneficial to cellulose is decomposed and follow-up fermentation of the microorganism to distiller grains.
Preferably, in step 3）In, when adding ammonia, solid-liquid mass ratio is 1:2.5, the response time is 25min.Ammonia
Addition can cause lignin and cellulose in distiller grains more to be efficiently separated so that during subsequent fermentation, and antibacterial can be fully
Utilization cellulose.
Preferably, step 4）In, after being dried concentration, humidity is 30%.In the present invention, step 4）Humidity for fermentation
For it is most important.When through step 2）With step 3）After process, filtrate is concentrated and is merged with filtering residue, not only can be had
Effect is using the sugar for being decomposed out in filtrate, moreover it is possible to so that antibacterial is bred under certain oxygen content, needed for shortening fermentation
Starting period.By the way that filtering residue and filtrate are merged so that at the fermentation initial stage, antibacterial just effectively can be utilized in filtrate
The sugar that be decomposed and can quickly be utilized is bred, and after filtrate sugar content is reduced, microorganism transfers to enter filtering residue
Row decomposes and carries out flourish using filtering residue.The height of humidity, directly affects the length of overall fermentation time.
The lactic acid bacteria is the one kind in Lactobacillus bulgaricus, sweet Lactobacillus paracasei, bacillus acidophilus, preferred Bulgaria
Lactobacilluss.
Preferably, step 5）In, inoculum concentration is 4%, and fermentation time is 36h.In the present invention, fermentation 24-48 hours just can be obtained
Excellent feed stripped, when fermentation was to 36 hours, the nutrient composition content in feedstuff can reach higher level, from saving into
This and time angle consider, are preferred by 35h of fermentation time.
Preferably, the present invention is especially suitable for the nursing of pig, not only can put on weight, moreover it is possible to lift meat.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
1st, distiller grains are turned waste into wealth, it is economic and environment-friendly；
2nd, the fermentation process time is short, and gained feed quality is high after fermenting；
3rd, gained Feed Energy effectively improves domestic animal body weight and meat.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is specifically described below by embodiment, it is necessary to it is pointed out here that be that following examples are simply used
In being further detailed to the present invention, it is impossible to be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention, the field is skilled in technique
Personnel still fall within protection scope of the present invention according to some nonessential modifications and adaptations that foregoing invention content is made.
Distiller grains used by following examples are Xiaojiaolou the wine industry limited liability company system for the residual residue after Chinese liquor, alcoholic original
Material is mainly Sorghum vulgare Pers., also including rice, Oryza glutinosa, Semen Tritici aestivi and Semen Maydiss.Crude fibre, crude protein, crude fat, ash grade conventional nutrient into
Divide assay method with reference to Zhang Liying chief editors'《Forage analysis and determination of feeds quality technology》（The third edition）Method carry out.
Embodiment 1
1）Distiller grains are dried, particle diameter is crushed to for 2-3mm；
2）To step 1）It is 30% that gains add water to humidity, and in microwave-heating stove microwave treatment is carried out, and temperature is 110 DEG C,
Process time is 10min, is filtered afterwards, collects filtering residue I and filtrate I；
3）By step 2）Gained filtering residue drying, with solid-liquid mass ratio 1:2, add ammonia, mix homogeneously to react 30min, it
After filter, collect filtering residue II and filtrate II；
4）Filtering residue I, filtrate I, filtering residue II and filtrate II are merged, it is 25% that drying is concentrated into humidity, it is 7 to adjust pH；
5）By Candida utilis, koning trichoderma and lactic acid bacteria with mass ratio 4:5:1 ratio mixing, is inoculated in step 4）
On gains, inoculum concentration is 5%, in 37 DEG C of bottom fermentation 24h, obtains feed stripped.
Carried out step 1）Afterwards, the component content situation in distiller grains is shown in Table 1.
Carry out step 2）With step 3）Afterwards, the solid recovery rate situation of distiller grains is shown in Table 2.
Merging filtrate I, filtrate II, before not concentrating, total sugar content is 35.2g/L in filtrate.After fermentation, the crude protein of feedstuff
Content is 33%
Embodiment 2
1）Distiller grains are dried, particle diameter is crushed to for 1-3mm；
2）To step 1）It is 40% that gains add water to humidity, and in microwave-heating stove microwave treatment is carried out, and temperature is 130 DEG C,
Process time is 5min, is filtered afterwards, collects filtering residue I and filtrate I；
3）By step 2）Gained filtering residue drying, with solid-liquid mass ratio 1:3, add ammonia, mix homogeneously to react 10min, it
After filter, collect filtering residue II and filtrate II；
4）Filtering residue I, filtrate I, filtering residue II and filtrate II are merged, it is 35% that drying is concentrated into humidity, it is 7 to adjust pH；
5）By Candida utilis, koning trichoderma and lactic acid bacteria with mass ratio 4:5:1 ratio mixing, is inoculated in step 4）
On gains, inoculum concentration is 3%, in 37 DEG C of bottom fermentation 48h, obtains feed stripped.
Carried out step 1）Afterwards, the component content situation in distiller grains is shown in Table 3.
Carry out step 2）With step 3）Afterwards, the solid recovery rate situation of distiller grains is shown in Table 4.
Merging filtrate I, filtrate II, before not concentrating, total sugar content is 39.8g/L in filtrate.After fermentation, the crude protein of feedstuff
Content is 33.8.
Embodiment 3
1）Distiller grains are dried, particle diameter is crushed to for 2-3mm；
2）To step 1）It is 35% that gains add water to humidity, and in microwave-heating stove microwave treatment is carried out, and temperature is 120 DEG C,
Process time is 7min, is filtered afterwards, collects filtering residue I and filtrate I；
3）By step 2）Gained filtering residue drying, with solid-liquid mass ratio 1:2.5, add ammonia, mix homogeneously to react 25min,
Filter afterwards, collect filtering residue II and filtrate II；
4）Filtering residue I, filtrate I, filtering residue II and filtrate II are merged, it is 30% that drying is concentrated into humidity, it is 7 to adjust pH；
5）By Candida utilis, koning trichoderma and lactic acid bacteria with mass ratio 4:5:1 ratio mixing, is inoculated in step 4）
On gains, inoculum concentration is 4%, in 37 DEG C of bottom fermentation 36h, obtains feed stripped.
Carried out step 1）Afterwards, the component content situation in distiller grains is shown in Table 5.
Carry out step 2）With step 3）Afterwards, the solid recovery rate situation of distiller grains is shown in Table 6.
Merging filtrate I, filtrate II, before not concentrating, total sugar content is 37.2g/L in filtrate.After fermentation, feedstuff crude protein contains
Measure as 34%.
Embodiment 4
15 are chosen without disease pig, original body mass is 30 kilograms or so, be divided into three groups, 5 per group, each three groups of difference feedings
Feedstuff prepared by embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3, after raising 45 days, calculates average daily gain（ADG）With material meat quality
Than（FCR）.ADG and FCR situations after each embodiment feedstuff of feeding are shown in Table 7.
After raising terminates, fasting 24h, free water carries out butchering experiment.
Meat quality evaluation carries out collection and the measure of sample, detailed programs determination step using NY/T821-2004 standards
It is as follows：
(1) muscle pH value:The pH value of Carnis Sus domestica is the important indicator of glycolysiss speed in pig body, be also judge normal meat and
The important evidence .pH value detection method of Abnormal Meat is a lot, determines using direct insertion probe acidometer in the longissimus dorsi muscle examination for stripping
Determine in sample.
（2）Marble lines:Evaluated using 5 fraction systems, take the last thoracic vertebra of left half rouge and carry on the back most long with first lumbar vertebra connecting portion
Flesh crosspiece face.Sample is evaluated after 4 DEG C of condition storage 24h of refrigerator cold-storage layer by 5 fraction systems:1 point is denier distribution;2 points
For micro distribution;3 points are appropriate distribution;4 points are volume distribution;5 points was volume distribution.
(3) cooked meat percentage:Meat sample 1009 is taken, the fat of meat sample adventitia attachment is peeled off, the weight before steaming and decocting, Ran Houfang is recorded
Enter and carry out in aluminum pot steaming and decocting 30min.Take out and weighed after the skilful min of meat sample hanging, record the weight after steaming and decocting.Cooked meat percentage computing formula
It is as follows：Weight x100% before weight/steaming after cooked meat percentage=steaming.
(4) intramuscular fat content:The scholar 0.05009 of meat sample 10.0000 is taken, and records actual value.
(5) protein:Method according to GB/T5009.5-1985 is carried out.
Each index situation is shown in Table 8.
Prepared feedstuff of the invention can not only significantly improve ADG, moreover it is possible to preferably improve meat, with larger economy
Utilization prospects.
On the basis of technical scheme disclosed by the invention, those skilled in the art according to disclosed technology contents,
Do not need performing creative labour just to make some of which technical characteristic some to replace and deform, these are replaced and become
Shape is within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of method that utilization distiller grains prepare feed stripped, it is characterised in that：Methods described is made up of following steps：
1）Distiller grains are dried, particle diameter is crushed to and is not more than 3mm；
2）To step 1）It is 30-40% that gains add water to humidity, and in microwave-heating stove microwave treatment is carried out, and temperature is 110-130
DEG C, process time is 5-10min, is filtered afterwards, collects filtering residue I and filtrate I；
3）By step 2）Gained filtering residue drying, with solid-liquid mass ratio 1:2-1:3, add ammonia, mix homogeneously to react 10-
30min, filters afterwards, collects filtering residue II and filtrate II；
4）Filtering residue I, filtrate I, filtering residue II and filtrate II are merged, it is 25-35% that drying is concentrated into humidity, it is 7 to adjust pH；
5）By Candida utilis, koning trichoderma and lactic acid bacteria with mass ratio 4:5:1 ratio mixing, is inoculated in step 4）Gained
On thing, inoculum concentration is 3-5%, in 37 DEG C of bottom fermentation 24-48h, obtains feed stripped.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 1）Described in distiller grains be with Sorghum vulgare Pers., rice, Oryza glutinosa,
Semen Tritici aestivi and Semen Maydiss at least one are raw material, prepare remaining waste residue after Chinese liquor.
3. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 2）In, to step 1）Gains add water to humidity
35%, the temperature of microwave treatment is 120 DEG C, and process time is 7min.
4. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 3）In, when adding ammonia, solid-liquid mass ratio is 1:
2.5, the response time is 25min.
5. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 4）In, after being dried concentration, humidity is 30%.
6. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 5）In, the lactic acid bacteria be Lactobacillus bulgaricus,
One kind in lactobacillus casei, bacillus acidophilus.
7. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 5）In, inoculum concentration is 4%, and fermentation time is 36h.
8. the method according to claim 1 or 6, it is characterised in that：The lactic acid bacteria is Lactobacillus bulgaricus.
9. method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that：The distiller grains are, with Sorghum vulgare Pers. as primary raw material, to prepare white
Remaining waste residue after drinking.
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| CN105265803A (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2016-01-27 | 营山县神葫酒厂 | Vinasse fermentation biological feed and production method thereof |
| CN105379674A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-03-09 | 泸州市原野生态科技有限公司 | Breeding method for chicks |
| CN106306412A (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2017-01-11 | 界首市华科生物科技有限公司 | High protein enrichment method of vinasse |
| CN106358979A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2017-02-01 | 金寨县万紫千红农业科技开发有限公司 | Original ecological transplanting method for wild gingko tree |
| CN108676709A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-10-19 | 同济大学 | The gas stripping type reactor and process of single cell protein are synthesized for yellow wine lees and rice milk mixed fermentation |
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| CN101824439A (en) * | 2010-04-28 | 2010-09-08 | 江苏绿丰生物药业有限公司 | Method for fermentation preparation of L-lactic acid after microwave-alkali coupling pretreatment of distilled grain |
| CN102715342A (en) * | 2012-06-01 | 2012-10-10 | 陈华友 | Method for processing microbiological feed based on spirit vinasse and miscellaneous meal |
| CN103103219A (en) * | 2011-11-10 | 2013-05-15 | 西南科技大学 | Distillers' grains acid hydrolysis liquid glucose and preparation process thereof |
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2014
- 2014-12-19 CN CN201410791646.6A patent/CN104431295B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101824439A (en) * | 2010-04-28 | 2010-09-08 | 江苏绿丰生物药业有限公司 | Method for fermentation preparation of L-lactic acid after microwave-alkali coupling pretreatment of distilled grain |
| CN103103219A (en) * | 2011-11-10 | 2013-05-15 | 西南科技大学 | Distillers' grains acid hydrolysis liquid glucose and preparation process thereof |
| CN102715342A (en) * | 2012-06-01 | 2012-10-10 | 陈华友 | Method for processing microbiological feed based on spirit vinasse and miscellaneous meal |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 混合菌固体发酵白酒酒糟生产菌体蛋白饲料的研究;余乾伟等;《食品与发酵科技》;20141025;第50卷(第5期);第87-89,96页 * |
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