CN104430094A - California red holothurian artificial breeding method - Google Patents
California red holothurian artificial breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104430094A CN104430094A CN201410747438.6A CN201410747438A CN104430094A CN 104430094 A CN104430094 A CN 104430094A CN 201410747438 A CN201410747438 A CN 201410747438A CN 104430094 A CN104430094 A CN 104430094A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
Abstract
The invention discloses a California red holothurian artificial breeding method. The method includes: feeding maturity promoting feedstuffs into an aquaculture tank to cultivate holothurians, adding 1% spirulina liquid into the holothurian aquaculture tank when holothurian gonad index exceeds 15%, and well mixing for cultivation. By adoption the scheme for artificial breeding of California red holothurians, nutritional requirements of quick gonad development of the California red holothurians can be met by the maturity promoting feedstuffs in scientific proportion, and the maturity promoting feedstuffs effectively enable quick maturity of the holothurians; the spirulina liquid can effectively stimulate spermiation of male holothurians and ovulation of female holothurians to realize synchronicity of spermiation and ovulation so as to guarantee reliability in artificial breeding of the California red holothurians.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to red ginseng artificial culture field, California, be specifically related to the method for a kind of California red ginseng artificial breeding.
Background technology
California red ginseng (one of sea cucumber) originates in North America, all distribution is had to 249 meters of depth of waters from California to intertidal zone, Alaska shallow water, this sea cucumber kind is British Columbia, Canada, the State of Washington of the U.S. and the Important Economic species of Alaska State, and product is mainly sold in China, the U.S., Japan, Korea S and other places.This sea cucumber wild population natural propagation occurs over just North America local 7-8 month, is still in the exploratory stage at present for this kind of sea cucumber parent accelerating and seedling growing process in its original producton location.Therefore, the method for accelerating is very important fast throughout the year to develop parent, also for new varieties introducing in the future, technology export are laid a solid foundation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the method for a kind of California red ginseng artificial breeding, it can effectively realize manually carrying out accelerating to California red ginseng and hastening parturition, and realizes the artificial breeding of California red ginseng.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme to implement:
The method of a kind of California red ginseng artificial breeding, be included in breeding trough accelerating feed of throwing something and feeding to cultivate sea cucumber, and sea cucumber genital gland indices more than 15% time, the spirulina liquid adding 1% in the breeding trough of culturing sea cucumbers stirs evenly to be cultivated, after 10-15min, male sea cucumber is taken out and carry out ejaculation as in ejaculation groove, being taken out by female sea cucumber after 20-30min and ovulate as in ovulation groove, collect smart ovum and carry out artificial insemination, is clean seawater in ejaculation groove and ovulation groove; The composition of accelerating feed comprises sea-tangle dry powder, the wheat bran of 14 ~ 16 weight portions, the bean powder of 14 ~ 16 weight portions, the fish meal of 9 ~ 11 weight portions, the sea sand of 24 ~ 26 weight portions, the oyster shell powder of 2 ~ 4 weight portions, the shrimp shell meal of 0.9 ~ 1.1 weight portion, the B B-complex of 0.4 ~ 0.6 weight portion, the mineral salt of 0.4 ~ 0.6 weight portion of 29 ~ 31 weight portions.
Detailed scheme is:
Accelerating feedstuff feeding amount is the 5-10% of sea cucumber weight in wet base; Sea cucumber genital gland indices adds spirulina liquid when being 15%-20%.The condition that sea cucumber cultivates in breeding trough is: temperature of cultivation is 14 DEG C, and fluctuation is no more than 1 DEG C, salinity 31-32, pH7.8-8.0, water velocity 2L.min up and down
-1, periodicity of illumination is 16:8 (L:D), intensity of illumination 2000Lux.Accelerating feed of throwing something and feeding in breeding trough is raised, and after lasting 2 months, sea cucumber survival rate 100%, genital gland indices on average reaches 19.6%, and sexual maturity seed ginseng ratio is more than 60%.
Preferred scheme is:
Sea cucumber genital gland indices adds spirulina liquid when being 9.1-19.6%.The Chaetoceros culture fluid being in Exponential growth stage is also added while adding spirulina liquid.After adding spirulina liquid, the water temperature in breeding trough is raised rapidly 4 DEG C.Chaetoceros culture fluid and rising water temperature can significantly improve ejaculation ovulation sea cucumber individual amount respectively.
It is sea-tangle dry powder, the wheat bran of 15 weight portions, the bean powder of 15 weight portions, the fish meal of 10 weight portions, the sea sand of 25 weight portions, the oyster shell powder of 3 weight portions, the shrimp shell meal of 1 weight portion, the B B-complex of 0.5 weight portion, the mineral salt of 0.5 weight portion of 30 weight portions that the composition of accelerating feed comprises.
Sea-tangle dry powder is to gather in the crops the sea-tangle sheet grinder mill powdering dried, and crosses 200 mesh sieves and obtains; Sea sand is also through 200 mesh sieve screenings.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: adopt such scheme to carry out artificial breeding to California red ginseng, accelerating feed can meet the nutritional need of California red ginseng sexual gland Rapid development, proportioning science, and it can effectively make sea cucumber fast-ripenin; Spirulina liquid can the male and female sea cucumber ejaculation of effective stimulus, ovulation, realize the synchronism of ejaculation, ovulation, thus ensure the reliable artificial breeding of California red ginseng.And the raw material of accelerating feed is gathered materials on the spot, source is generally easily purchased, and cost is low, especially at north America region, is difficult to purchase the Kelp Powder that comes unstuck, and dries sea-tangle and can be used as good substitute, be beneficial to sea cucumber and digest and assimilate after feed a part boiling.The spirulina liquid preparation used is convenient, comparatively dries in the shade, flowing water, intensification stimulate and more easily operate enforcement.
California sea cucumber floating larva period, optimum water temperature 16-18 DEG C, salinity 31-32, pH7.8-8.0, young density is 4inds/ml, preferred Mirco algal food has Chaetoceroscalcitrans, Chaetoceros muelleri, Dunaliella tertiolecta, Isochrysis sp., Phaeodactylum tricornutum etc., wherein single throwing raise Chaetoceros calcitrans effect be better than other single and mixing micro-algae, the deformation rate of auricularia to doliolaria can be improved, and the Phaeodactylumtricornutum that throws something and feeds has the growth of promotion auricularia, but auricularia is lower to cup deformation form quotient.The young fosters period to throw and raises bacillus and reach 4.0 × 10
7-6.0 × 10
7cFU/ml viable bacteria amount, obviously reduces the horizontal 10-30% of water body ammonia nitrogen, purifies water and can be used as sea cucumber young food growth promoting effects and survival.Best micro-algae daily ration, feeding quantity is 10000-20000cell/ml in early stage, and auricularia mid-term and auricularia later stage reach 25000-35000cell/ml, change water 1/2 every day, all change water every other day.
Embodiment
In order to make objects and advantages of the present invention clearly understand, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is specifically described.Should be appreciated that following word only in order to describe one or more concrete embodiments of the present invention, considered critical is not carried out to the protection domain that the present invention specifically asks.
In following embodiment 1-3, sea cucumber used is economize in Canadian BC in June, 2011 to gather, and picking individual is healthy and strong, and without wound, specification is that 400-600g weight in wet base sea cucumber is placed on wet towel, and incubator carefully transports in seedling rearing room the tank or cement pit of supporting temporarily in sterilizing in advance.Embodiment 1-3 carries out in local seedling rearing room, and the time of hastening parturition in embodiment 1-3, midmorning, clears up residual bait ight soil, stops flowing water before adding spirulina liquid, and seawater adopts husky filter, ultraviolet disinfection.
The condition that sea cucumber cultivates in breeding trough is: temperature of cultivation is 14 DEG C, and fluctuation is no more than 1 DEG C, salinity 31-32, pH7.8-8.0, water velocity 2L.min up and down
-1, periodicity of illumination is 16:8 (L:D), intensity of illumination 2000Lux.
Embodiment 1
Diving is supported at 300L tank after adopting and catching parent participation temporarily, and water temperature is slowly adjusted to 12 DEG C by period, adapts to start throwing after indoor conditions and raises, put 20 in each tank in a suitable place to breed until sea cucumber.The fish meal of the bean powder of the wheat bran of the Kelp Powder (drying sea-tangle abrasive dust) of 30 weight portions, 15 weight portions, 15 weight portions, 10 weight portions is mixed, add water boiling 20min gradually, add the sea sand of 25 weight portions, the oyster shell powder of 3 weight portions, the shrimp shell meal of 1 weight portion, the B B-complex of 0.5 weight portion, the mineral salt mixing of 0.5 weight portion after cooling, splash according to the ratio uniform of sea cucumber weight in wet base 10%.Clear up residual bait ight soil every day, throw and raise fresh bait.
Parental mean genital gland indices is 12.0%-19.6%, sexual maturity seed ginseng ratio adds in breeding trough with the Chaetoceros liquid 2L of 1% spirulina liquid 2L, Exponential growth stage when being about 60%, sea cucumber parent starts to assume an air of complacency immediately, and start to assemble to pool wall, after 10-15min, ripe male sea cucumber starts ejaculation, and after 20-30min, female sea cucumber starts ovulation.Ejaculation and the individual taking-up respectively of ovulation are put into the ejaculation groove filling clean seawater and carries out ejaculation and ovulation with ovulation groove, ejaculation and ovulation are not interrupted because of mobile, slowly add seminal fluid, constantly stir in the ovum collected, microscopy, ensures there be 3-5 sperm around each ovum.After fertilization, according to 0.5indL
-1density fertilized egg is placed in nursery pond, constantly stir, water temperature maintains 15 DEG C.
Floating larva cultivation stage adopts bottom for the tank of taper, and tank conical lower portion places the inflation of gas stone, realizes upwelling in groove, ensures that the young is attached in water layer.Hatching density is 0.3 every milliliter, and floating larva is thrown and raised Chaetoceros calcitrans, and throwing the amount of raising is 20000 cells/ml, and every day changes water.
Embodiment 2
Diving is supported at 300L tank after adopting and catching parent participation temporarily, and water temperature is slowly adjusted to 12 DEG C by period, adapts to start throwing after indoor conditions and raises, put 20 in each tank in a suitable place to breed until sea cucumber.The fish meal of the bean powder of the wheat bran of the Kelp Powder (drying sea-tangle abrasive dust) of 29 weight portions, 16 weight portions, 14 weight portions, 11 weight portions is mixed, add water boiling 20-30min gradually, add the sea sand of 24 weight portions, the oyster shell powder of 4 weight portions, the shrimp shell meal of 1.1 weight portions, the B B-complex of 0.4 weight portion, the mineral salt mixing of 0.6 weight portion after cooling, splash according to the ratio uniform of sea cucumber weight in wet base 10%.Clear up residual bait ight soil every day, throw and raise fresh bait.
Parental mean genital gland indices is 9.1%-19.6%, the spirulina liquid 3L adding 1% when sexual maturity seed ginseng ratio is about 60% in breeding trough stirs evenly, namely there is phenomenon of assuming an air of complacency in parent sea cucumber, and slowly assembles to pool wall, malely after about 10-15min gets final product ejaculation, during ejaculation, male is taken out and be placed in ejaculation groove ejaculation, collect sperm, after about 20-30min, female beginning ovulates, and careful taking-up is put into ovulation groove and ovulated, recovery of ova, female about 20min ovulation is complete.Slowly add seminal fluid by the ovum collected, constantly stir, microscopy, ensure around each ovum, there be 3-5 sperm.After fertilization, according to 0.5indL
-1density fertilized egg is placed in nursery pond, constantly stir, water temperature maintains 15 DEG C.
Floating larva cultivation stage adopts bottom for the tank of taper, and tank conical lower portion places the inflation of gas stone, realizes upwelling in groove, ensures that the young is attached in water layer.Hatching density is 0.3 every milliliter, and floating larva is thrown and raised Chaetoceros calcitrans, and throwing the amount of raising is 20000 cells/ml, and every day changes water.
Embodiment 3
Diving is supported at 300L tank after adopting and catching parent participation temporarily, and water temperature is slowly adjusted to 12 DEG C by period, adapts to start throwing after indoor conditions and raises, put 20 in each tank in a suitable place to breed until sea cucumber.The fish meal of the bean powder of the wheat bran of the Kelp Powder (drying sea-tangle abrasive dust) of 31 weight portions, 14 weight portions, 16 weight portions, 9 weight portions is mixed, add water boiling 20-30min gradually, add the sea sand of 26 weight portions, the oyster shell powder of 2 weight portions, the shrimp shell meal of 0.9 weight portion, the B B-complex of 0.6 weight portion, the mineral salt mixing of 0.4 weight portion after cooling, splash according to the ratio uniform of sea cucumber weight in wet base 5-10%.Clear up residual bait ight soil every day, throw and raise fresh bait.
Parental mean genital gland indices is 15%-20%, the spirulina liquid 2-3L adding 1% when sexual maturity seed ginseng ratio is about 60% in breeding trough stirs evenly, add the Chaetoceros culture fluid 1-2L of Exponential growth stage simultaneously, to cultivate trough inner water temperature rise 4 DEG C rapidly, namely there is phenomenon of assuming an air of complacency in parent sea cucumber, and slowly assemble to pool wall, malely after about 10-15min get final product ejaculation, during ejaculation, male is taken out and be placed in ejaculation groove ejaculation, collect sperm, after about 20-30min, female beginning ovulates, careful taking-up is put into ovulation groove and is ovulated, recovery of ova, female about 20min ovulation is complete.Slowly add seminal fluid by the ovum collected, constantly stir, microscopy, ensure around each ovum, there be 3-5 sperm.After fertilization, according to 0.5indL
-1density fertilized egg is placed in nursery pond, constantly stir, water temperature maintains 15 DEG C.
Floating larva cultivation stage adopts bottom for the tank of taper, and tank conical lower portion places the inflation of gas stone, realizes upwelling in groove, ensures that the young is attached in water layer.Hatching density is 0.3 every milliliter, and floating larva is thrown and raised Chaetoceros calcitrans, and throwing the amount of raising is 20000 cells/ml, and every day changes water.
Embodiment 4
Diving is supported at 300L tank after adopting and catching parent participation temporarily, and water temperature is slowly adjusted to 12 DEG C by period, adapts to start throwing after indoor conditions and raises, put 20 in each tank in a suitable place to breed until sea cucumber.The fish meal of the bean powder of the wheat bran of the Kelp Powder (drying sea-tangle abrasive dust) of 30 weight portions, 15 weight portions, 15 weight portions, 10 weight portions is mixed, add water boiling 20min gradually, add the sea sand of 25 weight portions, the oyster shell powder of 3 weight portions, the shrimp shell meal of 1 weight portion, the B B-complex of 0.5 weight portion, the mineral salt mixing of 0.5 weight portion after cooling, splash according to the ratio uniform of sea cucumber weight in wet base 10%.Clear up residual bait ight soil every day, throw and raise fresh bait.
Parental mean genital gland indices is 9.1%-19.6%, the spirulina liquid 2-3L adding 1% when sexual maturity seed ginseng ratio is about 50% in breeding trough stirs evenly, to cultivate trough inner water temperature rise 4 DEG C rapidly, namely there is phenomenon of assuming an air of complacency in parent sea cucumber, and slowly assemble to pool wall, malely after about 10-15min get final product ejaculation, during ejaculation, male is taken out and be placed in ejaculation groove ejaculation, collect sperm, after about 20-30min, female beginning ovulates, careful taking-up is put into ovulation groove and is ovulated, recovery of ova, and female about 20min ovulation is complete.Slowly add seminal fluid by the ovum collected, constantly stir, microscopy, ensure around each ovum, there be 3-5 sperm.After fertilization, according to 0.5indL
-1density fertilized egg is placed in nursery pond, constantly stir, water temperature maintains 15 DEG C.
Floating larva cultivation stage adopts bottom for the tank of taper, and tank conical lower portion places the inflation of gas stone, realizes upwelling in groove, ensures that the young is attached in water layer.Hatching density is 0.3 every milliliter, and floating larva is thrown and raised Chaetoceros calcitrans, and throwing the amount of raising is 20000 cells/ml, and every day changes water.
By this method, successful incubation goes out 6 batches of California red ginseng young.Larva survive ratio reaches more than 80%.Contrast this kind phase of colony's natural propagation in the wild in annual 7-8 month, the time of 3-4 month can be shifted to an earlier date.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; should be understood that; for those skilled in the art; to know in the present invention after contents; under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some equal conversion to it and substitute, these convert on an equal basis and substitute and also should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the method for California red ginseng artificial breeding, be included in breeding trough accelerating feed of throwing something and feeding to cultivate sea cucumber, and sea cucumber genital gland indices more than 15% time, the spirulina liquid adding 1% in the breeding trough of culturing sea cucumbers stirs evenly to be cultivated, after 10-15min, male sea cucumber is taken out and carry out ejaculation as in ejaculation groove, being taken out by female sea cucumber after 20-30min and ovulate as in ovulation groove, collect smart ovum and carry out artificial insemination, is clean seawater in ejaculation groove and ovulation groove; The composition of accelerating feed comprises sea-tangle dry powder, the wheat bran of 14 ~ 16 weight portions, the bean powder of 14 ~ 16 weight portions, the fish meal of 9 ~ 11 weight portions, the sea sand of 24 ~ 26 weight portions, the oyster shell powder of 2 ~ 4 weight portions, the shrimp shell meal of 0.9 ~ 1.1 weight portion, the B B-complex of 0.4 ~ 0.6 weight portion, the mineral salt of 0.4 ~ 0.6 weight portion of 29 ~ 31 weight portions.
2. the method for California according to claim 1 red ginseng artificial breeding, is characterized in that: accelerating feedstuff feeding amount is the 5-10% of sea cucumber weight in wet base.
3. the method for California according to claim 1 red ginseng artificial breeding, is characterized in that: also add the Chaetoceros culture fluid being in Exponential growth stage while adding spirulina liquid.
4. the method for California red ginseng artificial breeding according to claim 1 or 3, is characterized in that: after adding spirulina liquid, the water temperature in breeding trough is raised rapidly 4 DEG C.
5. the method for California red ginseng artificial breeding according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that: the condition that sea cucumber cultivates in breeding trough is: temperature of cultivation is 14 DEG C, fluctuation is no more than 1 DEG C, salinity 31-32 up and down, pH7.8-8.0, water velocity 2L.min
-1, periodicity of illumination is 16:8 (L:D), intensity of illumination 2000Lux.
6. the method for California red ginseng artificial breeding according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, is characterized in that: add spirulina liquid when sea cucumber genital gland indices is 15%-20%.
7. the method for California according to claim 6 red ginseng artificial breeding, is characterized in that: add spirulina liquid when sea cucumber genital gland indices is 12.0%-19.6%.
8. the method for California according to claim 2 red ginseng artificial breeding, is characterized in that: it is sea-tangle dry powder, the wheat bran of 15 weight portions, the bean powder of 15 weight portions, the fish meal of 10 weight portions, the sea sand of 25 weight portions, the oyster shell powder of 3 weight portions, the shrimp shell meal of 1 weight portion, the B B-complex of 0.5 weight portion, the mineral salt of 0.5 weight portion of 30 weight portions that the composition of accelerating feed comprises.
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| CN106719175A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-05-31 | 青岛农业大学 | A kind of artitificial food collocation method of suitable California sea cucumber larval growth |
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| KR200387007Y1 (en) * | 2005-03-16 | 2005-06-16 | 강석진 | Culture equipment for sea cucumber |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104839066A (en) * | 2015-06-02 | 2015-08-19 | 威海圣航水产科技有限公司 | Artificial insemination method of greenlings |
| CN106719175A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-05-31 | 青岛农业大学 | A kind of artitificial food collocation method of suitable California sea cucumber larval growth |
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