CN104429730B - Pest control method in a kind of madagascar palm soilless culture - Google Patents
Pest control method in a kind of madagascar palm soilless culture Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
Pest control method in a kind of madagascar palm soilless culture, comprises the following steps：(1) soil improvement：By the organic fungi-manure become thoroughly decomposed, bagasse, composite fertilizer and plant ash by 5:4:1:1 volume ratio mixing, by 6000 10000kg/hm2Amount apply, mix Final finishing into moisture in the soil wide 1.8m, it is stand-by；N in composite fertilizer P K ratio be 8：12：24；(2) seed treatment：Repeatedly rinsed after the seed of storage is soaked into 30 min with clear water before sowing, rear vernalization pulled out after pouring into 20 min that soaked seed in 0.15% formalin solution,（3）Inducer is applied：Foliage-spray 100mg/L methyl jasmonate before rainy season set, is sprayed 23 times when middle of the rainy season is fine.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of cultivation, and in particular to pest control method in a kind of madagascar palm soilless culture.
Background technology
Madagascar palm (Chrysalidocarpus lutescensH.Wend1), also referred to as yellow coconut, palmaceous clump
Raw evergreen shrubs or dungarunga, originate in African Madagascar, are tropical foliage plants famous in the world.Because its branches and leaves is thin
It is long and slightly sagging, give that leaf is secluded and refined, stem is golden yellow subsidiary bold, and posture is freely graceful, the whirling grace of plant shape, by vast
Flowers fan's likes.In recent ten years, China also expands the introducing and planting to madagascar palm, and is chased after by many consumers
Hold in both hands, pole is welcome both at home and abroad in recent years, widely cultivated or potted plant growth as flower garden in the south China of China, East China,
Other areas can make potted plant view and admire（Wang Yuebing, 2008）, it is one of high-grade watch leaf flower of Interior greening, gives clear
Cool, quiet sense, oneself turns into the ornamental plant cultivated extensively all over the world（Cheng Fei etc., 2001）.In recent years, China's madagascar palm was produced
Industry development is very rapid, it has also become promote one of another major product of flower export, as outlet America and Europe and Japan, South Korea
One of high-grade potted plant Deng surrounding countries and China Taiwan.
With the constantly development of China's economic society, flower planting production base maximum in the world is had become now
（Guo Shirong, 2003）, in occupation of there is consequence in world's production of flowers and plants and the pattern of trade.Meanwhile, as China is continuous
Promote industry of flowers and plants adjustment, further embody, the industry of flowers and plants for optimization China agricultural structure, increase farmers' income and
Improve the people's livelihood in terms of environment, raising people's living standard, play irreplaceable effect, be to promote economical steady
The new fresh combatants of development.The outlet of potted plant is the important component of China's flower export, is that flower export is earned foreign exchange contribution
Important force.According to statistics, 2010 annual China flowers international trade status analysis show, potted plant outlet outlet in 2010
Volume is 6223.3 ten thousand dollars, accounts for the 31.78% of flowers general export total value（Li Chunyan, 2011）.Therefore, keep and progressively strengthen
Potted plant foreign exchange earning strength is worth adhering to.
But while such achievement is obtained, the problem of also showing obvious.Current madagascar palm is mainly or implementation has
Soil cultivation, thus it is the characteristics of have general penjing plant, portable in spite of illness, worm, weeds etc. have inanimate object.However, being control
Disease, worm, weeds, many countries all forbid the plant import with soil.The U.S. forbids import to ball-plant, in order to prevent danger
Disease, worm, weeds it is incoming, plant really after the assay was approved, must issue certificate in quarantine nursery, then just real to allow people to close.
Japanese farm imports quarantine is very strict.Forbidden to remain some soil radicants on Fresh Cutting flower branch, if dangerous property
Bacterium, virus, all will become apparent from face of its advanced detection means.There are straight news reporting, the relevant adventive law of Japan recently
New departure, has submitted to other from WTO member states and has consulted on book.Once implement, it is many national including China
Agricultural product, all will be largely by Japanese limiting inlet.Australia is the most stringent of country for the animal and plant quarantine in the world, as long as
The thing for having potential threat is all forbidden into civitas terrena, even the animal and plant product that Australia exports in itself, and all are all forbidden to export back back
Come.Even the engineering goods such as automobile check also extremely strict, will in customs's thorough disinfection, in order to avoid bring into some soil, one
Small worm or a weed seed.The state such as English, method, Holland, West Germany equally also has strict plant quarantine system, forbid bringing into soil and
Harmful organism.Ball-plant import is all so abhored in countries in the world, is because growing various bacteriums, worm, weeds in soil, once giving
People bring the disaster of heaviness.Therefore, the outlet of potted plant madagascar palm must solve the native problem of band.
The content of the invention
The technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way：Pest control method in a kind of madagascar palm soilless culture, its feature
It is, comprises the following steps：
(1) soil improvement：Prepare organic fungi-manure a）Fresh animal wastes are stirred and are used as organic fertilizer； b）Will
Organic fertilizer in step a is 70-80 according to mass ratio with organic bacteria, wheat bran:8:5 ratio is mixed and stirred for uniformly, accumulation hair
Ferment 2 days, is made strain fertilizer； c）It is 7 according to mass ratio by the obtained fertile organic fertilizer with step a of strain in step b：40-45
Ratio be mixed and stirred for uniformly, organic fungi-manure is made in 10-12 days in heap fermentation, by the organic fungi-manure become thoroughly decomposed, bagasse, compound
Fertilizer and plant ash press 5:4:1:1 volume ratio mixing, by 6000-10000kg/hm2Amount apply, mix Final finishing into 1.8m
Wide moisture in the soil, it is stand-by；N in composite fertilizer P K ratio be 8：12：24；
(2) seed treatment：Repeatedly rinsed after the seed of storage is soaked into 30 min with clear water before sowing, pour into 0.15 %
Soaked seed in formalin solution and pull clear water after rear vernalization, vernalization after 20 min out and mix seed with 3 times of wet sands thoroughly after rinsing, connect
And pour into seedling-growing container, thickness 15 cm, the thick 5 cm wet sands of upper lid, then overlay film cover tightly, temperature is maintained at 25~30 DEG C, broadcasts
20~30 d seeds start germination and emergence after kind, and the 1st time just can be carried out when there is 1/3 germination and picks up kind of a sowing；Going out
After seedling is neat, before rainy season set, by 1：200 to spray active constituent content be 300,000,000 CFU/ grams of trichoderma harzianums, uses marigold water
Immersion liquid pouring root, was repeated once every 1-2 months, until Withdrawal later；Marigold infusion is：1 kilogram of marigold limb
Soaked 48 hours with 20 kg of water；
（3）Inducer is applied：Foliage-spray 100mg/L methyl jasmonate before rainy season set, middle of the rainy season is fine
When spray 2-3 times；
(4) preventing and treating of seedling disease：The brown bacterial disease prevention and controls of huge indocalamus：Strengthen introducing a fine variety the quarantine of seedling, prevent
The introduction of ill seedling, carry out disinfection processing before sowing to seedbed, and the seed, seedling to introduction use chemicals treatment before planting,
It can be strengthened cultivation management with 800 times of immersion bubble 10-15m in of carbendazim 500-, kept the cleaning in nursery, disease leaf is wiped out in time,
Ventilation and penetrating light is kept, sprays and protects in premorbid, the medicament that can select absorbability and protection is used in mixed way；Grape spore gray mold is prevented
Control method：Spray protection in time at the initial stage of a disease, can use the 1000 times of liquid mixing sprays of 1000 times of liquid of carbendazim and 50% zineb
Mist, is watered 500 times or the sprinkling of extraordinarily 0.4% washing powder of aliette 300 with Sandofan in spring and summer, works well；King coconut palm
Leaf spot prevention and controls：Disease leaf is first wiped out, phosphorus, potash fertilizer is suitably increased, the lime of foliage spray 1% half measures formula Bordeaux mixture, 65% generation
Gloomy 500 times of liquid of zinc wettable powder, are preced with 500 times of liquid of 1000 times of liquid of bacterium copper 800- or 50% captan 300-, the spray 1 per 7d
It is secondary, even spray for several times；Leaf spot prevention and controls：Disease leaf should be first wiped out in preventing and treating, phosphorus, potash fertilizer is suitably increased, 1% bohr is sprayed on blade face
Many liquid, 700 times of liquid of zineb 500- are preced with 500 times of liquid of 1000 times of liquid of bacterium copper 800- or 50% captan 300-, per 7d once,
Company applies for several times, preventing and treating rot disease：The rational application of fertilizer, suitable Shaoshi nitrogenous fertilizer, applies phosphorus potash fertilizer and organic fertilizer etc. to strengthen plant more after autumn
Resistance, removes Bing Yedeng illing tissues, scrapes off after trunk portion scab in time, and coating corruption must control 20 times of 25% wettable powder
Liquid, is sprayed containing 0. 5 liters of milli triacontanols, 0. 01 milliliters of brassin lactones, 0. 2 milliliters of rich solution three or five grown after autumn
Secondary or 1000 times of 50% cycocel aqua dilution one or two times is strong to promote.Ditching, every plant of pouring 1. around butt of annual April
2000 times of aqua, 10 kilograms to 15 kilograms of liquid is received by 8% IDALL, is spaced 15 days continuous three times or receives aqua with 1.8% IDALL
6000 times of liquid sprayings are for several times；Chemical control:Annual the middle ten days and the last ten days in April sharp 80 milliliters and flutters sea with every 100 liters containing 5,0%0,000
Containing 5,0%0,000 sharp 80 milliliters and good fortune Lang25%Shui is trained because of the mixed solution of 80 grams of 50% wettable powder, or with every 100 liters
The mixed solution that 200 milliliters of agent from top downwards fully drench fill, every 15 days to 20 days once, continuous four or five times, also can use
20% 400 times of liquid irrigating roots of network copper-zinc-ammonia aqua.
The seed it is in the same size, first carry out surface sterilization 10 minutes with concentration for 5% liquor natrii hypochloritis before sowing,
And after fully being rinsed with deionized water, be put in the culture dish sterilized on moistening filter paper, be placed in 28 DEG C ± 1 DEG C, 80% is relative
Vernalization in the constant incubator of humidity.Matrix described in step (1) in substrate grooves is irrigated for first 10 days in field planting with water.
Embodiment
Illustrate the present invention by the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to following embodiments.In addition, being said in following
In bright.
Embodiment one：
Pest control method in a kind of madagascar palm soilless culture, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) soil improvement：Prepare organic fungi-manure a）Fresh animal wastes are stirred and are used as organic fertilizer； b）Will
Organic fertilizer in step a is 70-80 according to mass ratio with organic bacteria, wheat bran:8:5 ratio is mixed and stirred for uniformly, accumulation hair
Ferment 2 days, is made strain fertilizer； c）It is 7 according to mass ratio by the obtained fertile organic fertilizer with step a of strain in step b：40-45
Ratio be mixed and stirred for uniformly, organic fungi-manure is made in 10-12 days in heap fermentation, by the organic fungi-manure become thoroughly decomposed, bagasse, compound
Fertilizer and plant ash press 5:4:1:1 volume ratio mixing, by 6000-10000kg/hm2Amount apply, mix Final finishing into 1.8m
Wide moisture in the soil, it is stand-by；N in composite fertilizer P K ratio be 8：12：24；
(2) seed treatment：Repeatedly rinsed after the seed of storage is soaked into 30 min with clear water before sowing, pour into 0.15 %
Soaked seed in formalin solution and pull clear water after rear vernalization, vernalization after 20 min out and mix seed with 3 times of wet sands thoroughly after rinsing, connect
And pour into seedling-growing container, thickness 15 cm, the thick 5 cm wet sands of upper lid, then overlay film cover tightly, temperature is maintained at 25~30 DEG C, broadcasts
20~30 d seeds start germination and emergence after kind, and the 1st time just can be carried out when there is 1/3 germination and picks up kind of a sowing；Going out
After seedling is neat, before rainy season set, by 1：200 to spray active constituent content be 300,000,000 CFU/ grams of trichoderma harzianums, uses marigold water
Immersion liquid pouring root, was repeated once every 1-2 months, until Withdrawal later；Marigold infusion is：1 kilogram of marigold limb
Soaked 48 hours with 20 kg of water；
（3）Inducer is applied：Foliage-spray 100mg/L methyl jasmonate before rainy season set, middle of the rainy season is fine
When spray 2-3 times；
(4) preventing and treating of seedling disease：The brown bacterial disease prevention and controls of huge indocalamus：Strengthen introducing a fine variety the quarantine of seedling, prevent
The introduction of ill seedling, carry out disinfection processing before sowing to seedbed, and the seed, seedling to introduction use chemicals treatment before planting,
It can be strengthened cultivation management with 800 times of immersion bubble 10-15m in of carbendazim 500-, kept the cleaning in nursery, disease leaf is wiped out in time,
Ventilation and penetrating light is kept, sprays and protects in premorbid, the medicament that can select absorbability and protection is used in mixed way；Grape spore gray mold is prevented
Control method：Spray protection in time at the initial stage of a disease, can use the 1000 times of liquid mixing sprays of 1000 times of liquid of carbendazim and 50% zineb
Mist, is watered 500 times or the sprinkling of extraordinarily 0.4% washing powder of aliette 300 with Sandofan in spring and summer, works well；King coconut palm
Leaf spot prevention and controls：Disease leaf is first wiped out, phosphorus, potash fertilizer is suitably increased, the lime of foliage spray 1% half measures formula Bordeaux mixture, 65% generation
Gloomy 500 times of liquid of zinc wettable powder, are preced with 500 times of liquid of 1000 times of liquid of bacterium copper 800- or 50% captan 300-, the spray 1 per 7d
It is secondary, even spray for several times；Leaf spot prevention and controls：Disease leaf should be first wiped out in preventing and treating, phosphorus, potash fertilizer is suitably increased, 1% bohr is sprayed on blade face
Many liquid, 700 times of liquid of zineb 500- are preced with 500 times of liquid of 1000 times of liquid of bacterium copper 800- or 50% captan 300-, per 7d once,
Company applies for several times, preventing and treating rot disease：The rational application of fertilizer, suitable Shaoshi nitrogenous fertilizer, applies phosphorus potash fertilizer and organic fertilizer etc. to strengthen plant more after autumn
Resistance, removes Bing Yedeng illing tissues, scrapes off after trunk portion scab in time, and coating corruption must control 20 times of 25% wettable powder
Liquid, is sprayed containing 0. 5 liters of milli triacontanols, 0. 01 milliliters of brassin lactones, 0. 2 milliliters of rich solution three or five grown after autumn
Secondary or 1000 times of 50% cycocel aqua dilution one or two times is strong to promote.Ditching, every plant of pouring 1. around butt of annual April
2000 times of aqua, 10 kilograms to 15 kilograms of liquid is received by 8% IDALL, is spaced 15 days continuous three times or receives aqua with 1.8% IDALL
6000 times of liquid sprayings are for several times；Chemical control:Annual the middle ten days and the last ten days in April sharp 80 milliliters and flutters sea with every 100 liters containing 5,0%0,000
Containing 5,0%0,000 sharp 80 milliliters and good fortune Lang25%Shui is trained because of the mixed solution of 80 grams of 50% wettable powder, or with every 100 liters
The mixed solution that 200 milliliters of agent from top downwards fully drench fill, every 15 days to 20 days once, continuous four or five times, also can use
20% 400 times of liquid irrigating roots of network copper-zinc-ammonia aqua.
The seed it is in the same size, first carry out surface sterilization 10 minutes with concentration for 5% liquor natrii hypochloritis before sowing,
And after fully being rinsed with deionized water, be put in the culture dish sterilized on moistening filter paper, be placed in 28 DEG C ± 1 DEG C, 80% is relative
Vernalization in the constant incubator of humidity.Matrix described in step (1) in substrate grooves is irrigated for first 10 days in field planting with water.
It should be appreciated that for those of ordinary skills, can according to the above description be improved or converted,
And all these modifications and variations should all belong to the protection domain of appended claims of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. pest control method in a kind of madagascar palm soilless culture, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) soil improvement：Prepare organic fungi-manure a) fresh animal wastes stir and be used as organic fertilizer；B) by step a
Organic fertilizer and organic bacteria, wheat bran according to mass ratio be 70-80:8:5 ratio is mixed and stirred for uniformly, heap fermentation 2 days, system
Into strain fertilizer；C) it is 7 according to mass ratio with the organic fertilizer in step a by obtained strain fertilizer in step b：40-45 ratio is mixed
Merging stirs, and organic fungi-manure is made in 10-12 days in heap fermentation, by the organic fungi-manure become thoroughly decomposed, bagasse, composite fertilizer and grass
Wood ash presses 5:4:1:1 volume ratio mixing, is applied by 6000-10000kg/hm2 amount, mixes Final finishing into moisture in the soil wide 1.8m,
It is stand-by；N in composite fertilizer P K ratio be 8：12：24；
(2) seed treatment：Repeatedly rinsed after the seed of storage is soaked into 30min with clear water before sowing, pour into 0.15% formal
Pull clear water after rear vernalization, vernalization in woods solution after seed soaking 20min out to mix seed with 3 times of wet sands thoroughly after rinsing, then pour into and educate
In seedling basin, thickness 15cm, upper lid thickness 5cm wet sands, then overlay film cover tightly, temperature is maintained at 25~30 DEG C, after planting 20~30d kinds
Son starts germination and emergence, and the 1st time is just carried out when there is 1/3 germination and picks up kind of a sowing；After emerging neatly, rainy season set
Before, by 1：200 to spray active constituent content be 300,000,000 CFU/ grams of trichoderma harzianums, with marigold water logging liquid irrigating root, later every
It is repeated once within 1-2 months, until Withdrawal；Marigold infusion is：1 kilogram of marigold limb is small with the immersion 48 of 20 kg of water
When；
(3) inducer is applied：Foliage-spray 100mg/L methyl jasmonate, sprays when middle of the rainy season is fine before rainy season set
Apply 2-3 times；
(4) preventing and treating of seedling disease：The brown bacterial disease prevention and controls of huge indocalamus：Strengthen introducing a fine variety the quarantine of seedling, prevent have disease
The introduction of seedling, carry out disinfection processing before sowing to seedbed, and the seed, seedling to introduction use chemicals treatment before planting, use many bacterium
Clever 500-800 times of immersion steeps 10-15min, strengthens cultivation management, keeps the cleaning in nursery, and disease leaf is wiped out in time, keeps ventilation saturating
Light, sprays in premorbid and protects, and is used in mixed way from the medicament of absorbability and protection；Grape spore gray mold prevention and controls：In hair
Sick initial stage sprays protection in time, with 1000 times of liquid mixed atomizings of 1000 times of liquid of carbendazim and 50% zineb, in spring and summer with killing
Malicious alum is watered 500 times or the sprinkling of extraordinarily 0.4% washing powder of aliette 300, works well；King's coconut palm leaf spot prevention and controls：First
Disease leaf is wiped out, phosphorus, potash fertilizer is suitably increased, the lime of foliage spray 1% half measures formula Bordeaux mixture, 65% Zineb wettable powder
500 times of liquid, are preced with 300-500 times of liquid of 800-1000 times of liquid of bacterium copper or 50% captan, are sprayed 1 time per 7d, even spray for several times；Leaf spot is prevented
Control method：Disease leaf should be first wiped out in preventing and treating, phosphorus, potash fertilizer is suitably increased, 1% Bordeaux mixture, 500-700 times of zineb are sprayed in blade face
Liquid, is preced with 300-500 times of liquid of 800-1000 times of liquid of bacterium copper or 50% captan, per 7d once, and company applies for several times, preventing and treating rot disease：Close
Reason fertilising, suitable Shaoshi nitrogenous fertilizer, applies phosphorus potash fertilizer and organic fertilizer etc. to strengthen plant resistance more after autumn, and the illness such as sick leaf are removed in time
Tissue, is scraped off after trunk portion scab, and coating corruption must control 25% wettable powder, 20 times of liquid, spray after autumn containing 0.5 liter of milli melissane
Alcohol, 0.01 milliliter of brassin lactones, 0.2 milliliter of rich 1000 times of dilution one or two of solution three or five times or 50% cycocel aqua grown
Secondary strong to promote, annual April, 2000 times of aqua, 10 kilograms to 15 kilograms of liquid was received by ditching, every plant of 1.8% IDALL of pouring around butt,
6000 times of liquid sprayings of aqua are received for several times in interval 15 days continuous three times with 1.8% IDALL；Chemical control:Annual mid or late April is used
The every 100 liters mixed solutions containing 5,0%0,000 sharp 80 milliliters and 80 grams of 50% wettable powder of iprodione, or contained with every 100 liters
From top, downward fully pouring is filled the 50%0000 sharp mixed solution for obtaining 80 milliliters and 200 milliliters of 25% aqua of training good fortune youth, every 15 days to 20
It once, continuous four or five times or with 20% 400 times of liquid irrigating roots of network copper-zinc-ammonia aqua.
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| CN106665204A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-05-17 | 国营全椒县棉花原种总场 | Disease control method in cotton growing stage |
| CN108718982A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-11-02 | 金华市野泉园艺技术有限公司 | Madagascar palm nursery propagation method |
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