CN104416635A - Pretreatment device for improving wood impregnation efficiency and wood impregnation treatment method - Google Patents
Pretreatment device for improving wood impregnation efficiency and wood impregnation treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104416635A CN104416635A CN201410422717.5A CN201410422717A CN104416635A CN 104416635 A CN104416635 A CN 104416635A CN 201410422717 A CN201410422717 A CN 201410422717A CN 104416635 A CN104416635 A CN 104416635A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/52—Impregnating agents containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
- B27K5/04—Combined bleaching or impregnating and drying of wood
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a pretreatment device for improving wood impregnation efficiency and a method for impregnating woods by utilizing the device. The device comprises a wood pretreatment chamber in which a cavity is formed, an ultrasonic treatment system and pretreatment liquid, wherein to-be-treated woods are subjected to ultrasonic pretreatment. The method disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps: pretreating to-be-impregnated woods by using ultrasonic waves under normal pressure, and getting through a liquid moving channel in the woods by utilizing a cavitation effect of the ultrasonic waves, so that the liquid permeability of the to-be-impregnated woods is enhanced, and the effective channel area inside the woods is enlarged; impregnating the woods, and impregnating a wood impregnation modifier into the woods, so that the absorption dose of the impregnated woods is improved, the agent penetration depth is increased, the impregnation period is shortened, and the impregnation effect is improved. The treatment device disclosed by the invention is simple, convenient to operate and is suitable for treating various woods, and process treatment conditions are controllable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of impregnation of timber treatment facility and processing method, in particular to a kind for the treatment of facility and the processing method that improve timber pickling effect at ambient pressure, belong to timber pickling processing technology field, comprise lumber flame-retardant impregnating process, wood preservation impregnation process, wood staining impregnation process, wood dimensional stability enhancing impregnation process etc.
Background technology
Timber pickling is exactly (as certain pressure under certain process conditions, certain hour etc.), by modifier (as fire retardant, coloring agent, anticorrisive agent, dimensionally stable agent etc.) impregnate wood internal, thus realize the processing method of Wooden modifying object, it is of paramount importance process procedure in lumber functionality improvement process.Timber is carried out correctly, rational impregnation process, being the key ensureing Wooden modifying quality, is again Appropriate application timber and cost-saving important means.
At present, timber pickling processing method is mainly divided into Soaking and the large class of vacuum-impregnating by pressure method two.
Soaking is at ambient pressure by modifier solution lower for viscosity, in room temperature or in a heated condition, is immersed in by timber in liquid, dip time length, and what depend on modification degree needed for timber and timber impregnates performance.Soaking equipment is simple, easy to operation, with low cost, but it is only applicable to light sheet, and the good material of permeance property, the material that namely timber pit is thicker.
Vacuum-impregnating by pressure method is placed in pressure pan by timber, is first evacuated, takes out the gas of wood internal, sucks modifier liquid by means of putting vacuum, then pressurizes modifier liquid press-in wood internal.The dipping effect of this method is obviously better than Soaking, and also has good effect for heavy-gauge sheeting and the poor material of permeability.As the application number Chinese invention patent application that is 201210140165.X discloses a kind of dipping method of fast growing wood, this inventive method processes mainly for artificial fast growing wood, adopt twice oven dry, vacuum and high pressure impregnate the technique matched, particularly adopt the method for vacuum, the speed of impregnating of timber pickling liquid is accelerated, dipping evenly, effective ingredient retention amount is large, although the fast growing wood after this inventive method process remains the original natural quality of timber, also have fire-retardant, anticorrosion, antibacterial, termite-proof, resistance to deformation, environmental protection, the performances such as density hardness is adjustable, become the ideal substitute of natural rare tree, furniture can be met, the instructions for use in the fields such as solid wooden floor board.But it needs vacuum pressed equipment, comprise agitator tank, receiver, pressure-resistant treatments tank, vavuum pump, force (forcing) pump, control system etc., and vacuum and pressurized equipment all more complicated, apparatus expensive investment is large, and during operation, power consumption is large, complex process, poor safety performance.
In recent years, some domestic researchers, from the angle shortening dip time, raising impregnating effect, production equipment miniaturization, Automation of Manufacturing Process, constantly explore, propose a lot of method, also applied for some patents.If the patent No. is that CN02145544.9 patent of invention discloses a kind of timber treatment technology, this patent of invention relates to a kind of Wood fire retardant treatment process, comprise selection, preparation fire resistant fluid, immersion, drying, timber carries out twice ultrasonic wave immersion treatment technique in fire resistant fluid, timber immerses in the process of the first fire resistant fluid, ultrasonic process 1 ~ 1.5 hour, frequency is 50 ~ 100kHz; Then take out timber, hyperthermia drying, immerse the fire retardant polymerization reaction take place of wood internal, and then immerse in the second fire resistant fluid, ultrasonic process 1.5 ~ 2 hours, frequency is 50 ~ 100kHz, and the process of second time ultrasonic wave promotes the cross-linking reaction of fire retardant; Finally take out timber, dry.Although the timber overall flame performance of this inventive method process is good, deformation of products is little, process treatment time is short, cost is low, but this inventive method is still only limitted to the process to light sheet (1mm), and the method still needs the fire retardant that working concentration is lower to carry out impregnation process, and need the cross-linking reaction promoting fire retardant by hyperacoustic effect, improve the flame retardant effect of timber, and the sheet material that permeability is poor is had little effect; Hyperacoustic frequency is high, and energy is low, and repeatedly high-frequency ultrasonic process can reduce the mechanical strength of sheet material for a long time.And for example patent CN201020294731.9 steam blasting processing device, be mainly used in wood staining, especially the pretreatment of hard wood dip dyeing, hard wood can be made to form new fluid passage, improve its permeability, be conducive to carrying out dip dyeing to it.But this steam blasting processing device comprises cavity charge containers, described cavity charge containers is made up of inwall and the outer wall be enclosed in outside inwall, and described inwall surrounds the inner chamber of described cavity charge containers, and the space between described inner and outer wall is the interlayer of described cavity charge containers; One end of described cavity charge containers is provided with tank door, and described cavity charge containers is also provided with the first blow vent, the second blow vent and the 3rd blow vent; Described steam blasting processing device also comprises: by the steam pressurized device of described first blow vent and described intracavity inter-connection; By the emptier of described second blow vent and described intracavity inter-connection; By the heater that described 3rd blow vent is connected with described interlayer.It forms complexity, and equipment cost is high, and explosion is also higher to the requirement of equipment, and with certain danger, is not suitable for applying.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of for the technical problem existed in existing timber pickling treatment process improve the pretreatment unit of timber pickling efficiency and utilize the method for this device impregnated timber, the pretreatment unit structure of raising timber pickling efficiency of the present invention is simple, at ambient pressure ultrasonic pretreatment is carried out to pending timber, hyperacoustic cavitation effect gets through wood internal fluid movable passageway, strengthen the fluid permeability of material to be impregnated, expand effective aisle spare of wood internal, and then impregnation process is carried out to it, impel Wood modifier (such as fire retardant, anticorrisive agent, coloring agent, dimensionally stable agent, hardening agent etc.) impregnate wood internal, improve the suction dose of impreg, increase the length of penetration of medicament, shorten immersion period, improve and improve impregnation of timber effect.
For realizing the object of the invention, one aspect of the present invention provides a kind of pretreatment unit improving timber pickling effect, comprises inside and has the timber pretreatment chamber of cavity, ultrasonic wave treatment system and pretreatment fluid, wherein:
Process chamber to be separated into upper and lower 2 independently cavitys by dividing plate by the internal cavities of described timber pretreatment chamber, and upper cavity carries out pretreated pretreatment fluid for placing timber to be pre-treated and storing to timber;
Described ultrasonic wave treatment system is made up of the supersonic generator connected by wire and multiple ultrasonic transducer; Described ultrasonic transducer is arranged in the lower cavity of described timber pretreatment chamber, carries out ultrasonic wave process to the timber be immersed in pretreatment fluid.
Wherein, described dividing plate is made up of stainless steel material.
Particularly, described dividing plate is arranged on the middle and lower part of timber pretreatment chamber, timber pretreatment chamber is divided into upper and lower 2 independently cavitys.
Particularly, described timber pretreatment chamber also comprises the seal cover being arranged at pretreatment chamber top, for closing described timber pretreatment chamber.
Especially, described seal cover is provided with handle, for raising or cover described seal cover.
Wherein, described timber pretreatment chamber is cuboid, square, cylinder or spheroid form, is preferably cuboid or the square bodily form.
Particularly, the bottom of described timber pretreatment chamber and sidewall are closed, and top arranges seal cover to be opened/closed.
Especially, the top of described seal cover and described pretreatment chamber matches, and shape is identical with the shape on pretreatment chamber top, and the size on its size and pretreatment chamber top adapts, for sealing the top of pretreatment chamber.
Wherein, described ultrasonic transducer is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of dividing plate.
Particularly, described ultrasonic transducer is evenly distributed on the lower surface of described dividing plate.
Especially, described ultrasonic transducer fits tightly on the lower surface of described dividing plate.
Particularly, the power of described ultrasonic transducer is hyperacoustic power that every cubic centimetre of timber applies is 1-5W, is preferably 3W; Described frequency is 28-60kHz, is preferably 40kHz.
Wherein, described pretreatment fluid selects water, alkaline solution or organic solution.
Wherein, the mass percent concentration of described alkaline solution is 0.01-10%, is preferably 1%.
Particularly, the one in sodium hydroxide solution, potassium hydroxide solution, sodium carbonate liquor selected by described alkaline solution, is preferably sodium hydroxide solution.
Particularly, described organic solution select benzene, 95% ethanol, one or more in ether, be preferably the mixed liquor of ethanol of benzene and 95%.
Especially, the ratio of the volume of described benzene and ethanol is 1.5-2.5:0.5-1.5, is preferably 2:1.
Content and the distribution of Wood abstract affect larger on wood permeability, the extract of timber can be divided into water extract, basic solvent extract and organic solvent extract three major types by solvent kind, all kinds of the extractives content sizes according to pending timber select suitable pretreatment fluid, targetedly timber is processed, improve treatment effeciency.
Wherein, described dress material part is the flat board with pore structure.Have pore structure, pretreatment fluid can flow freely, and makes pending timber homogeneous immersion in pretreatment fluid, with pretreatment fluid uniform contact, realizes the ultrasonic wave process treating impregnated timber in continuous pretreatment fluid, improves pretreating effect.
Particularly, described timber pretreatment chamber also comprises at least 1 dress material part, and described dress material part is arranged in the upper cavity of pretreatment chamber, for placing timber to be pre-treated.
Wherein, at least 1 fills the upper surface that material part is arranged at described dividing plate.
Particularly, dress material part being set between neighbouring two-layer timber, placing dress material part between namely neighbouring two-layer timber, for being separated by adjacent two layers timber.
Wherein, described dress material part is the flat board with pore structure.
Particularly, described in there is the dress material part of pore structure porosity be 40%-90%, be preferably 70%-80%, thickness is 5-20mm, is preferably 8mm.
Wherein, described timber pretreatment chamber also comprises compressing member, is placed in the upper surface of pending timber, makes pending timber be immersed in pretreatment fluid inside.
Particularly, described compressing member is metal casting.
Particularly, described compressing member length and width are respectively the half of dress material part length and width, and thickness is the half of the width of metal casting own.
Particularly, described compressing member is placed on the upper surface of pending timber, makes timber to be pre-treated be immersed in pretreatment fluid inside all the time, prevents timber floating or expose pretreatment fluid surface.
The present invention provides a kind of method of timber pickling on the other hand, comprising: first utilize the pretreatment unit of above-mentioned raising timber pickling efficiency to carry out ultrasonic pretreatment to timber, then carry out impregnation process to pretreated timber.
Wherein, described ultrasonic pretreatment comprises the step that following order is carried out:
1) by the timber stacking of process to be impregnated on described dress material part, load timber pretreatment chamber, and compressing member be placed on the upper surface of timber to be impregnated;
2) pretreatment fluid is joined in the upper cavity of described timber pretreatment chamber, and process timber to be impregnated is flooded;
3) open ultrasonic treatment unit, by ultrasonic transducer, ultrasonic wave process is carried out to timber to be pre-treated;
4) after ultrasonic wave process terminates, get rid of pretreatment fluid, take out pretreatment timber, and carry out first time drying process, obtain pretreatment timber.
Particularly, step 1) described in the thickness of timber be 1-50mm, be preferably 15-25mm, more preferably 20mm; Step 2) described in pretreatment fluid select water or alkaline solution or organic solution.
Especially, the moisture content of the timber of described process to be impregnated is 50%-150%, is preferably 90%-110%.
Wherein, the mass percent concentration of described alkaline solution is 0.01-10%, is preferably 1%.
Particularly, the one in sodium hydroxide solution, potassium hydroxide solution or sodium carbonate liquor selected by described alkaline solution, is preferably sodium hydroxide solution.
Particularly, described organic solution select benzene, 95% ethanol or ether in one or more, be preferably the mixed liquor of ethanol of benzene and 95%.
Especially, described benzene and 95% the ratio of volume of ethanol be 1.5-2.5:0.5-1.5, be preferably 2:1.
Wherein, step 3) described in the power of ultrasonic transducer is hyperacoustic power that every cubic centimetre of timber applies in ultrasonic wave processing procedure is 1-5W, be preferably 3W; Described frequency is 28-60kHz, is preferably 28-40kHz, more preferably 40kHz.
Particularly, described ultrasonic treatment time is 20-100min, is preferably 70-80min.
Especially, ultrasonic treatment time counts 10-50min/cm according to the thickness of timber, and be preferably 30-45min/cm, more preferably 35-40min/cm, if namely the thickness of timber is 1cm, then ultrasonic treatment time is 10-50min; If lumber thickness is 2cm, then ultrasonic treatment time is 20-100min; If lumber thickness is 5cm, then ultrasonic treatment time is 50-250min.
Wherein, step 4) described in the temperature of first time dry process be 50-100 DEG C; Drying time is 30-50h.
Particularly, the moisture content of described pretreatment timber is 0-25%, is preferably 10%-15%.
Wherein, described impregnation process comprises: first, is immersed in by pretreatment timber in timber pickling liquid, carries out dipping modification, and timber absorbs timber pickling liquid; Then, take out and adsorbed the timber of maceration extract, and carry out second time drying process, obtain dipping improved wood.
Particularly, described timber pickling liquid is one or more in wood fire retardant, anticorrisive agent, coloring agent, dimensionally stable agent, hardening agent.
Wherein, the described impregnation process time is 30-120min, is preferably 70-90min.
Particularly, the temperature of described second time drying process is 70-140 DEG C; Drying time is 20-40h; The moisture content of described dipping improved wood is 0-25%, is preferably 10%-15%.
Wherein, described impregnation process comprises: first, is immersed in by pretreatment timber in timber pickling liquid, and carry out ultrasonic wave dipping modification to timber, timber absorbs timber pickling liquid; Then, take out and adsorbed the timber of maceration extract, and carry out second time drying process, obtain dipping improved wood.
Particularly, described timber pickling liquid is one or more in wood fire retardant, anticorrisive agent, coloring agent, dimensionally stable agent, hardening agent.
Wherein, in described second time ultrasonic wave processing procedure, ultrasonic treatment time is 30-120min, is preferably 70-90min.
Particularly, hyperacoustic frequency is 28-60kHz, is preferably 28-40kHz, more preferably 28kHz.
Particularly, the process of described second time ultrasonic wave is placed in by pretreatment timber in the pretreatment unit of above-mentioned raising timber pickling efficiency, add maceration extract, open supersonic generator, regulate ultrasonic transducer, ultrasonic wave impregnation process is carried out to the pretreatment timber be immersed in Wooden modifying maceration extract.
Wherein, the power of described ultrasonic transducer is hyperacoustic power that every cubic centimetre of timber applies is 1-5W, is preferably 3W; Described frequency is 28-60kHz, is preferably 28-40kHz, more preferably 28kHz.
Particularly, described ultrasonic treatment time is 30-120min, is preferably 70-90min.
Especially, ultrasonic treatment time counts 15-60min/cm according to the thickness of timber, preferred 30-50min/cm, more preferably 35-45min/cm, if namely the thickness of timber is 1cm, then ultrasonic treatment time is 15-60min; If lumber thickness is 2cm, then ultrasonic treatment time is 30-120min; If lumber thickness is 5cm, then ultrasonic treatment time is 75-300min.
Particularly, the temperature of described second time drying process is 70-140 DEG C; Drying time is 20-40h; The moisture content of described dipping improved wood is 0-25%, is preferably 10%-15%.
The timber that the present invention adopts ultrasonic wave to treat impregnation process at ambient pressure carries out ultrasonic pretreatment, the stirring produced due to the mechanism in ul-trasonic irradiation process and disturbance, the localized hyperthermia produced in cavitation process, higher-pressure region, and due to the closed rear generation local assault ripple of cavitation bubble, impel extract stripping in timber, pit membrane produces crack and breaks even completely, wood internal fluid movable passageway to be impregnated is got through, enhance the fluid permeability of material to be impregnated, expand effective aisle spare of wood internal, again ultrasonic wave impregnation process is carried out to it after drying, hyperacoustic cavitation effect is utilized to impel modifier to impregnate wood internal equally, improve the suction dose of impreg, increase the length of penetration of medicament, shorten immersion period, improve dipping effect.
Advantage applies of the present invention is in the following aspects:
1, the pretreatment unit of raising timber pickling efficiency of the present invention carries out ultrasonic pretreatment to timber to be impregnated in specific liquid medium, hyperacoustic cavitation effect is utilized to get through wood internal fluid movable passageway, strengthen the fluid permeability of material to be impregnated, expand effective aisle spare of wood internal, timber pickling effect can be increased substantially, pretreatment unit of the present invention is utilized to carry out ultrasonic pretreatment to impregnation process timber, timber rate of body weight gain reaches 7.42%, and not pretreated timber rate of body weight gain is only 0.98%-3.23%.
2, pretreatment fluid of the present invention is on the one hand as hyperacoustic propagation medium in ultrasonic wave processing procedure, enables ultrasonic wave act on timber, on the other hand as the solvent of extract in timber, dissolves extract.Timber is after ultrasonic pretreatment, and permeability improves, and the rate of drying of follow-up timber is fast, and dry mass is high.
3, adopt the pretreatment timber inclusion after pretreatment unit process of the present invention to reduce, separated out by wood internal extract, the passage of water of a lot of blocking is got through, and be conducive to absorption and the dipping of later stage Wood modifier, the rate of body weight gain of timber significantly improves.
4, in timber pretreatment unit of the present invention, hyperacoustic power, frequency can carry out electrodeless adjustment, the timber of the various character of suitable treatment, is particularly suitable for the timber improving more, the poor air permeability of inclusion.
5, the present invention increases ultrasonic wave process in pretreatment and dipping process, the rate of body weight gain (7.42%) of its timber is apparently higher than the rate of body weight gain (0.98%) of the timber of direct impregnation, this is because carried out pretreatment to timber before impregnation process, get through the fluid movable passageway of wood internal, add the permeability of timber to be impregnated, make maceration extract more easily enter wood internal; And in impregnation of timber processing procedure, increase ultrasonic wave process, facilitate modifier and impregnate wood internal, improve the suction dose of impreg, increase the length of penetration of medicament, shorten immersion period, improve dipping effect.
6, adopt the method for timber pretreatment unit impregnated timber of the present invention to be specially adapted to the timber of thickness thicker (>=15mm), significantly improve its dipping effect, shorten its immersion period.Timber after pretreatment unit process of the present invention carries out compared with impregnation process with not using the pretreated timber of apparatus of the present invention, its final rate of body weight gain significantly improves, the time reaching identical rate of body weight gain significantly shortens, and improves pickling efficiency, shortens immersion period.
7, pre-processing device structure of the present invention is simple, and processing method is easy to operate, and in processing procedure, process control condition is easily controlled, and is applicable to the various timber of process, suitable large-scale promotion application.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the partial cutaway view schematic that the present invention improves the pretreatment unit of timber pickling efficiency.
Description of reference numerals: 1, treating of wood room; 2, compressing member; 3, timber to be impregnated; 4, material part is filled; 5, supersonic generator; 6, ultrasonic transducer; 7, pretreatment fluid; 8, wire; 9, dividing plate; 10, seal cover; 11, upper cavity; 12, lower cavity; 13, handle.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with example to the pretreatment unit of raising timber pickling efficiency of the present invention and utilize the method for this device impregnated timber to be further described in detail.
Timber handled in the embodiment of the present invention adopts poplar (Populus spp.), and wherein, poplar derives from Guangdong Landbond Furniture Group Co., Ltd, average air-dry density 0.45g/cm3, moisture content 150 ± 5%.
Poplar is made the wooden unit sample that size is respectively 20-500mm (length) × 20-200mm (width) × 20-60mm (thickness direction), according to standard GB/T 1928-91 sawing.
As shown in Figure 1, the pretreatment unit of raising timber pickling efficiency of the present invention has the timber pretreatment chamber 1 of cavity, compressing member 2, ultrasonic wave treatment system, dress material part 4 and pretreatment fluid 7 by inside and forms.
The inside Formation cross-section of timber pretreatment chamber 1 is the cavity of rectangle, the surrounding of cavity and bottom lock, and top is provided with seal cover 10 to be opened/closed.Dividing plate 9 that the internal cavities of timber pretreatment chamber 1 is made up of stainless steel material, that be arranged on pretreatment chamber middle and lower part is divided into upper and lower 2 independently cavitys 11,12, and upper cavity 11 is for storing pretreatment fluid 7 and placing process timber 3 to be impregnated; Lower cavity 12 places multiple described ultrasonic transducer 6; In the upper cavity 11 of described pretreatment fluid 7 described in the top of pretreatment chamber 1 imports, and the timber to be pre-treated described in submergence.Compressing member 2 is positioned over the upper surface of pending timber, makes pending timber be immersed in pretreatment fluid inside.The shape of seal cover 10 is identical with the shape on pretreatment chamber 1 top, and the size on its size and pretreatment chamber top adapts, for sealing the top of pretreatment chamber.
In the embodiment of the present invention, timber pretreatment chamber 1 is the cuboid of accumbency, inside has the cavity of rectangular in cross-section, in the present invention, the shape for the treatment of of wood room is except for except the cuboid of accumbency, other any shapes are all applicable to the present invention, such as cylinder, spherical, cube shaped etc. be all applicable to the present invention.The top of seal cover is provided with handle or groove, is beneficial to the open and close of seal cover.
Ultrasonic wave treatment system comprises supersonic generator 5 and is multiplely uniformly distributed and is fixed on the ultrasonic transducer 6 of described dividing plate 9 lower surface, and connect the wire 8 of described ultrasonic transducer and supersonic generator, wherein, described multiple ultrasonic transducers are evenly arranged on the lower surface of the dividing plate of timber pretreatment chamber 1, and be fixed on dividing plate 9, that is evenly arrange several ultrasonic transducers parallel with one another 6 at the lower surface of the dividing plate of pretreatment chamber 1, ultrasonic transducer is evenly distributed on the outer wall of the dividing plate of pretreatment chamber; Supersonic generator is connected with ultrasonic transducer by wire 8, and after opening the power supply of ultrasonic wave treatment system, ultrasonic transducer applies ultrasonic wave to the timber be placed on dress material part 4, carries out ultrasonic wave process.
After opening supersonic generator, ultrasonic transducer converts the ultrasonic electrical signal transmitted by supersonic generator to acoustical signal, and with the treatment fluid in pretreatment chamber for communication media carries out ultrasonic wave process to the timber be immersed in pretreatment fluid, produce in ultrasonic pretreatment process and stir and disturbance, the localized hyperthermia that cavitation produces, higher-pressure region, and due to the closed rear generation local assault ripple of cavitation bubble, impel extract stripping in timber, pit membrane produces crack and breaks even completely, wood internal fluid movable passageway to be impregnated is got through, enhance the fluid permeability of material to be impregnated.
As shown in Figure 1, tabular dress material part 4 is provided with in the upper cavity 11 of timber pretreatment chamber 1, dress material part 4 horizontal positioned, be fixed on the upper surface of described dividing plate 9, or the two ends, left and right of dress material part contact with the inwall of the upper cavity of timber pretreatment chamber 1, respectively to be supported in upper cavity by dress material part 4.
Dress material part 4 arranges in poroid or slit-shaped passage, such as, on dress material part, offers aperture, small gap etc.Porosity on dress material part 4 is 40%-90%, and thickness is 5-20mm.
To fill porosity on material part 4 for 80% in the embodiment of the present invention, thickness is 10mm is that example is described.
Be beneficial to free flow and the circulation of the pretreatment fluid 7 in timber pretreatment chamber 1 upper cavity 11, make pending timber homogeneous immersion in pretreatment fluid, with pretreatment fluid uniform contact, realize the ultrasonic wave process treating impregnated timber in continuous pretreatment fluid, improve pretreating effect.
Pretreatment fluid 7 is stored in the inside of the upper cavity 11 of timber pretreatment chamber, the timber that pretreatment fluid submergence is to be pre-treated, and pretreatment fluid selects water, alkaline solution or organic solution.
The one in sodium hydroxide solution, potassium hydroxide solution or sodium carbonate liquor selected by alkaline solution in the present invention, and be preferably sodium hydroxide solution, the mass percent concentration of sodium hydroxide solution is 0.5-2%; Organic solution select benzene, 95% ethanol or ether in one or more, be preferably the mixed liquor of ethanol of benzene and 95%.Treatment fluid on the one hand as hyperacoustic propagation medium, enables ultrasonic wave act on wood surface in ultrasonic wave processing procedure, on the other hand as the solvent of extract in timber, dissolves extract.Timber is after ultrasonic pretreatment, and permeability improves, and the rate of drying of follow-up timber is fast, and dry mass is high.
Compressing member is the metal casting with constant weight, and its upper surface band jug or groove, be beneficial to and pick up or put down.Described compressing member is arranged on the upper surface of timber to be pre-treated, prevents timber floating or expose pretreatment fluid surface, makes timber to be pre-treated be immersed in pretreatment fluid inside all the time.
Compressing member in the embodiment of the present invention is for having constant weight and the handled cuboid metal casting of upper surface band, length and width are respectively the half of dress material part length and width, thickness is the half of the width of metal casting own, handle is for being welded on foundry goods upper surface centre position, and height is consistent with casting thickness.
Embodiment 1
Get the poplar moist wood juggle being of a size of 20mm (length) × 20mm (width) × 20mm (thickness) and carry out ultrasonic pretreatment, get through the wood internal passage of water, to shorten the time of follow-up timber pickling process and to improve pickling efficiency.
In the embodiment of the present invention, lumber thickness is except 2cm is example, and other thickness are that the timber of 0.1-6cm is also applicable to the present invention, and lumber thickness is preferably 1.5-2cm.
1, the seal cover 10 at the top of timber pretreatment chamber 1 is opened, poplar moist wood sample (i.e. process timber 3 to be impregnated) is placed on above the dress material part 4 on the dividing plate 9 of upper cavity 11 inside being fixed on timber pretreatment chamber 1, and compressing member 2 is set on poplar moist wood sample, to prevent timber floating or expose pretreatment fluid surface, timber to be pre-treated is made to be immersed in pretreatment fluid inside all the time;
2, pretreatment fluid 7 is imported to the upper cavity of pretreatment chamber 1 from the top of timber pretreatment chamber 1, and the timber 3 of the process to be impregnated be placed on dress material part 4 is flooded, wherein, described pretreatment fluid to be mass percent concentration be 1% sodium hydroxide solution;
Treatment fluid in the embodiment of the present invention, except the sodium hydroxide solution that service property (quality) percent concentration is 1%, can also use other alkaline solutions, and the mass percent concentration of alkaline solution is 0.01-10%, is preferably 1%; Water or organic solvent can also be used as pretreatment fluid, but more owing to testing the NaOH extract recording this poplar, the therefore preferred sodium hydroxide solution of the present embodiment.
3, the power supply of ultrasonic wave treatment system is opened, to be placed in timber pretreatment chamber and the timber be immersed in pretreatment fluid carries out ultrasonic pretreatment; Wherein, regulate hyperacoustic frequency to be 40kHz, the general power of ultrasonic transducer is 8W; Namely the power of ultrasonic transducer is hyperacoustic power that every cubic centimetre of timber applies is 1W;
In the embodiment of the present invention, in timber preprocessing process, ultrasonic frequency is except 40kHz, and other are also applicable to the present invention as 28-60kHz; Hyperacoustic power except hyperacoustic power that every cubic centimetre of timber applies be except 1W, hyperacoustic power that other every cubic centimetre timber applies is that 1-5W is also applicable to the present invention.
4, after ultrasonic pretreatment 70min, get rid of pretreatment fluid 7 from pretreatment chamber top, take out wood sample, carry out first time drying process, until the moisture content being dried to timber is 0, obtained pretreatment timber, the temperature of wherein first time dry process is 70 DEG C; Drying time is 40h;
5, pretreatment timber is placed on above the dress material part 4 on the dividing plate 9 of upper cavity 11 inside being fixed on timber pretreatment chamber 1, and compressing member 2 is set on pretreatment timber, to prevent pretreatment timber floating or expose pretreatment fluid surface, pretreatment timber is made to be immersed in Wood modifier inside all the time;
6, the low-molecular-weight phenol resin solution of timber size stabilizing agent (Wood modifier) improving wood dimensional stability is imported to the upper cavity of pretreatment chamber 1 from the top of timber pretreatment chamber 1, and the pretreatment timber be placed on dress material part 4 is flooded, phenol resin solution mass percent concentration is 25%;
Wood modifier of the present invention is except using low-molecular-weight phenolic resins (timber size stabilizing agent), and other modifier (as anticorrisive agent, fire retardant, coloring agent, dimensionally stable agent, hardening agent etc.) are all applicable to the present invention.
7, the power supply of ultrasonic wave treatment system is opened, to be placed in timber pretreatment chamber and the timber be immersed in pretreatment fluid carries out ultrasonic wave dipping modification; Wherein, regulate hyperacoustic frequency to be 28kHz, the general power of ultrasonic transducer is 8W, and namely the power of ultrasonic transducer is hyperacoustic power that every cubic centimetre of timber applies is 1W;
In the embodiment of the present invention, in timber pickling processing procedure, ultrasonic frequency is except 28kHz, and other are also applicable to the present invention as 28-60kHz; Hyperacoustic power except hyperacoustic power that every cubic centimetre of timber applies be except 1W, hyperacoustic power that other every cubic centimetre timber applies is that 1-5W is also applicable to the present invention.
8, after ultrasonic wave dipping modification 60min, Wood modifier phenol resin solution is got rid of from pretreatment chamber top, take out timber, carry out second time drying process, until the moisture content of timber reaches 0%, obtained improved wood (i.e. impregnated timber), the temperature of the wherein dry process of second time is 70-120 DEG C; Drying time is 20-30h.
Embodiment 2
Be in the phenol resin solution (i.e. Wood modifier) of 25% except pretreatment timber being directly immersed in mass percent concentration, do not carry out ultrasonic wave process, dipping takes out timber after soaking 1h, and carry out outside second time drying process, all the other are identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
Except frequency hyperacoustic in step 3 is 28kHz, ultrasonic power is hyperacoustic power that every cubic centimetre of timber applies is 5W, namely regulates the general power of ultrasonic transducer to be 40W; In step 4, ultrasonic treatment time is 90min, and namely in timber preprocessing process, ultrasonic power is hyperacoustic power that every cubic centimetre of timber applies is 5W, and the ultrasonic pretreatment time is outside 90min, and all the other are identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
Be in the phenol resin solution (i.e. Wood modifier) of 25% except pretreatment timber being directly immersed in mass percent concentration, do not carry out ultrasonic wave process, dipping takes out timber after soaking 15h, and carry out outside second time drying process, all the other are identical with embodiment 3.
Reference examples 1
Do not carry out pretreatment to poplar moist wood juggle, directly carry out impregnation process, concrete operation step is as follows:
1, the poplar moist wood juggle being of a size of 20mm (length) × 20mm (width) × 20mm (thickness) being dried to moisture content is after 0 (i.e. over dry), be placed on above the dress material part 4 on the dividing plate 9 of upper cavity 11 inside being fixed on timber pretreatment chamber 1, and compressing member 2 is set on the cotton wood of drying, to prevent cotton wood floating or expose Wood modifier surface, cotton wood is made to be immersed in Wood modifier inside all the time;
2, Wood modifier (timber size stabilizing agent) phenol resin solution (mass percent concentration is 25%) is imported to the upper cavity of pretreatment chamber 1 from the top of timber pretreatment chamber 1, and the cotton wood of the drying be placed on dress material part 4 is flooded;
3, the power supply of ultrasonic wave treatment system is opened, to be placed in timber pretreatment chamber and the timber be immersed in phenol resin solution carries out ultrasonic wave dipping modification; Wherein, hyperacoustic frequency is regulated to be 28kHz; The power of ultrasonic transducer is hyperacoustic power that every cubic centimetre of timber applies is 1W, namely regulates the general power of ultrasonic transducer to be 8W;
4, after ultrasonic wave dipping modification 60min, Wood modifier phenol resin solution is got rid of from pretreatment chamber top, take out timber, carry out drying process, until the moisture content of timber reaches 0%, obtained improved wood (i.e. impregnated timber), the temperature of wherein dry process is 70-120 DEG C; Drying time is 20-30h.
Reference examples 2
Pretreatment is not carried out to poplar moist wood juggle, directly carry out impregnation process, concrete operation step is as follows: the poplar moist wood juggle being of a size of 20mm (length) × 20mm (width) × 20mm (thickness) being dried to moisture content is that to be directly immersed in mass percent concentration be afterwards in the phenol resin solution (i.e. Wood modifier) of 25% to 0 (i.e. over dry), do not carry out ultrasonic wave process, timber is taken out after soaking 24h, carry out drying process, until the moisture content of timber reaches 0%, obtained improved wood (i.e. impregnated timber), wherein the temperature of dry process is 70-120 DEG C, drying time is 20-30h.
Test example timber weight increment test
Rate of body weight gain analysis is carried out to the timber that embodiment 1-4 and reference examples 1,2 process, carries out first time dry process to the pretreatment timber of over dry by embodiment 1-4 weigh through pretreatment, obtain the oven dry weight (W of the pretreatment timber of embodiment 1-4
0); To the dry process of second time to the improved wood of over dry be carried out weigh through dipping modification in embodiment 1-4, obtain the oven dry weight (W of dipping improved wood
1);
Cotton wood reference examples 1,2 do not carried out before dipping modification is put into drying box and is dried to over dry, weighs, obtain the oven dry weight (W not carrying out the wood sample before any process of reference examples 1,2 after cooling
0); Impregnated timber prepared by reference examples 1,2 is placed in drying box, is dried to over dry, weighs after cooling, obtain the oven dry weight (W of reference examples 1,2 impregnated timber
1);
According to the rate of body weight gain of following formulae discovery timber, as shown in table 1.
Rate of body weight gain (%)=(W
1-W
0)/W
0
The rate of body weight gain of table 1 different disposal wood sample
| Weight (g) before timber pretreatment or impregnation process | Weight (g) after impregnation process | Rate of body weight gain (%) | |
| Embodiment 1 | 2.83 | 3.04 | 7.42 |
| Embodiment 2 | 2.94 | 3.00 | 2.04 |
| Embodiment 3 | 3.01 | 3.23 | 7.31 |
| Embodiment 4 | 2.82 | 2.89 | 2.48 |
| Reference examples 1 | 3.10 | 3.20 | 3.23 |
| Reference examples 2 | 3.05 | 3.08 | 0.98 |
The result of the test of table 1 shows:
1, impregnation process is being carried out after utilizing pretreatment unit of the present invention to carry out pretreatment to timber, the rate of body weight gain of timber is significantly higher than the rate of body weight gain of not pretreated timber, shows the inventive method and utilizes timber pretreatment unit of the present invention can significantly improve impregnation of timber efficiency.
2, adopt pretreatment unit of the present invention before impregnation process, to carry out pretreatment to timber, improve wood internal fluid movable passageway, strengthen the fluid permeability of material to be impregnated, expand effective aisle spare of wood internal, improve impregnation of timber efficiency.
3, the pretreated timber of pretreatment unit of raising timber pickling efficiency of the present invention is adopted, promote that modifier impregnates wood internal, improve the suction dose of impreg, increase the length of penetration of medicament, shorten immersion period, improve dipping effect, timber rate of body weight gain significantly improves (as embodiment 1 and reference examples 1, embodiment 2 and reference examples 2) relative to the rate of body weight gain not carrying out pretreatment timber.
4, adopt the pretreated timber of the inventive method to carry out impregnation process again, its final dipping effect obtains obvious improvement, for the timber of thickness comparatively large (>=15mm) provides a kind of processing method improving dipping effect.
Claims (10)
1. improve a pretreatment unit for timber pickling efficiency, comprise inside and there is the timber pretreatment chamber (1) of cavity, ultrasonic wave treatment system and pretreatment fluid (7), wherein:
Process chamber to be separated into upper and lower 2 independently cavitys (11,12) by dividing plate (9) by the internal cavities of described timber pretreatment chamber (1), and upper cavity (11) carries out pretreated pretreatment fluid (7) for placing pending timber and storing to timber;
Described ultrasonic wave treatment system is made up of the supersonic generator (5) connected by wire (8) and multiple ultrasonic transducer (6); Described ultrasonic transducer (6) is arranged in the lower cavity (12) of described timber pretreatment chamber, carries out ultrasonic wave process to the timber be immersed in pretreatment fluid.
2. timber pretreatment unit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described ultrasonic transducer (6) is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of dividing plate (9).
3. timber pretreatment unit as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, described pretreatment fluid (7) selects water, alkaline solution or organic solution.
4. timber pretreatment unit as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described timber pretreatment chamber also comprises at least 1 dress material part (4), described dress material part (4) is arranged in the upper cavity (11) of pretreatment chamber, for placing timber to be pre-treated.
5. timber pretreatment unit as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described timber pretreatment chamber also comprises compressing member (2), is placed in the upper surface of pending timber, makes pending timber be immersed in pretreatment fluid inside.
6. a timber pickling processing method, comprising: first utilize as arbitrary in claim 1-5 as described in treating of wood device ultrasonic pretreatment is carried out to timber, then impregnation process is carried out to pretreated timber.
7. timber pickling processing method as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, described ultrasonic pretreatment comprises the step that following order is carried out:
1) by the timber stacking of process to be impregnated on described dress material part (4), load timber pretreatment chamber (1), and compressing member (2) be placed on the upper surface of timber to be impregnated;
2) pretreatment fluid (7) is joined in the upper cavity (11) of described timber pretreatment chamber (1), and flood process timber to be impregnated;
3) open ultrasonic treatment unit, by ultrasonic transducer, ultrasonic wave process is carried out to timber to be pre-treated;
4) after ultrasonic wave process terminates, get rid of pretreatment fluid, take out pretreatment timber, and carry out first time drying process, obtain ultrasonic pretreatment timber.
8. timber pickling processing method as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, step 3) described in ultrasonic wave processing procedure, the power of ultrasonic transducer (5) is hyperacoustic power that every cubic centimetre of timber applies is 1-5W.
9. timber pickling processing method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, described impregnation process comprises:
First, be immersed in by pretreatment timber in timber pickling liquid, carry out dipping modification, timber absorbs maceration extract; Then, take out and adsorbed the timber of maceration extract, and carry out second time drying process, obtain dipping improved wood.
10. timber pickling processing method as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, described impregnation process comprises:
First, be immersed in by pretreatment timber in timber pickling liquid, carry out ultrasonic wave dipping modification to timber, timber absorbs timber pickling liquid;
Then, take out and adsorbed the timber of maceration extract, and carry out second time drying process, obtain dipping improved wood.
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| CN105313203A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2016-02-10 | 中山市大涌镇生产力促进中心 | Quick drying method for rosewood |
| CN105500481A (en) * | 2015-12-13 | 2016-04-20 | 徐建立 | Wood-bamboo immersion treatment system |
| CN105690516A (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2016-06-22 | 北京林业大学 | Overall hydrophobic timber and preparation method thereof |
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