CN104422248B - The processing means improving wood drying rate and the method utilizing this device desiccated wood - Google Patents
The processing means improving wood drying rate and the method utilizing this device desiccated wood Download PDFInfo
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- CN104422248B CN104422248B CN201410424968.7A CN201410424968A CN104422248B CN 104422248 B CN104422248 B CN 104422248B CN 201410424968 A CN201410424968 A CN 201410424968A CN 104422248 B CN104422248 B CN 104422248B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of pretreatment unit improving wood drying rate and processing method, this device includes that inside has the treating of wood room of cavity, ultrasonic wave processing system and temperature control system.The inventive method is by carrying out ultrasonic pretreatment to wood to be dried, the extract making wood internal is separated out by solution, wood internal pit membrane and part parenchymal tissue are broken, improve the permeability of timber, get through the passage of water of wood internal, improve drying of wood quality, decrease the seasoning defect drying defect in dry run, shorten arid cycle, and the pretreatment unit equipment of the present invention is simple, easy to operate, treatment process condition (ultrasonic power, frequency, the time) controlled, the various timber of suitable treatment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pretreating device and the processing method of a kind of drying of wood, improve the drying of wood particularly to one
The pretreating device of speed and utilize the method that this device processes timber, belongs to drying of wood processing technology field.
Background technology
Timber drying accounts for woodwork in its energy consumption and produces the 40%～70% of total energy consumption.Timber is just being carried out
Really, reasonably it is dried and processes, be both to ensure that the key of woodwork quality, be again Appropriate application and the important means saving timber.
But for a lot of hard broadleafs, inclusion is many, poor permeability, for fast growing wood, growth stress is relatively big, many stress
Wood, moisture content height and skewness, heartwood moisture content is higher than sapwood, if directly using traditional drying means wrinkle easily occur
Contracting, bowing, the seasoning defect drying defect such as deformation, and arid cycle is the most long, the most time-consuming but also consume energy, so before the drying, to wood
Material pre-processes, and discharges timber growth stress, reduces wood internal the extractives content, improves its gas permeability, get through in timber
The passage of water in portion, to shortening drying time, reduces seasoning defect drying defect significant.
In order to improve wood drying rate, reducing its seasoning defect drying defect, a lot of scholars are studied in this respect, publication number
For a kind of preprocess method shortening the drying of wood time of patent disclosure of CN 102873730A, the method passes through roll-in pair
Timber board implements transverse compression so that the main portions pit membrane that in timber, moisture moves, because of External Force Acting, occurs microcosmic shape
Rupturing of state, moisture is increased to the increasing number of cells of superficial layer mobile route, pore size by timber deep layer cells, the stream of moisture
Momentum and speed get a promotion, and the time of the drying of wood substantially shortens.Authorization Notice No. is the patent disclosure of CN 2721348Y
A kind of Multifunctional wood drier, it can not only be dried process, and can implement timber before being dried timber
Pretreatment, needs to pre-process timber before being particularly suitable for inclusion is enriched or is dried and is dried, have raising efficiency, reduce into
This, the advantage saving the energy.The patent of invention of Application No. 200710143652.0 also discloses that a kind of at holding timber itself
Physical and mechanical property and complete appearance under conditions of, make the wood internal microexplosion that the capillary in timber is completely or partially opened
Broken method.This inventive method is that timber passes through in pressurized tank pressurization, then the class that the method for abrupt release pressure produces
There is the wood materials of good permeability, provide basis for Wooden modifying.These methods, while to a certain extent timber is entered
Getting through of row pretreatment, beneficially wood internal passage, but owing to equipment investment is relatively big, and wood internal can not be extracted
Thing removes, it is impossible to fundamentally solving lignum permeability bad, rate of drying is low, the shortcoming of dry mass difference.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to the technical problem that exists for above prior art and provide a kind of and improve drying of wood speed
The processing means of rate and utilize the method that this device processes timber, this processing means and processing method are right in certain solution
Timber carries out ultrasonic wave process so that wood internal the extractives content reduces, and the passage of water is got through, and enhances water translocation speed
Degree, shortens pretreatment timber follow-up drying time, reduces the stress in dry run, decrease the seasoning defect drying defect of timber.
For realizing the object of the invention, one aspect of the present invention provides a kind of pretreatment unit improving wood drying rate, bag
Include treating of wood room, ultrasonic wave processing system, temperature control system, wherein:
Described treating of wood room is had the body of cavity by inside and forms with sealing lid, and wherein said internal cavities is used for putting
Put pending timber；The described lid that seals is arranged at the top for the treatment of of wood room body, is used for closing described treating of wood room；
Described ultrasonic wave processing system is made up of the supersonic generator connected by wire and multiple ultrasonic transducer,
The pending timber being placed on treating of wood indoor is carried out ultrasonically treated；
Described temperature control system is made up of the heater connected by wire, temperature sensor, temperature controller, is used for
The pending timber being placed on treating of wood indoor is heated.
Wherein, described treating of wood room body is made up of the material of corrosion resistance.
Particularly, described treating of wood room body is made up of stainless steel material or alloy material.
Especially, described treating of wood room overall in cuboid, square, cylinder or spheroid form, the most rectangular
Body or the square bodily form.
Especially, described treating of wood chamber interior cavity be shaped as cuboid, square, cylinder or spheroid form,
It is preferably cuboid or the square bodily form.
Particularly, the sidewall of described treating of wood room arranges inlet and/or leakage fluid dram.
Described inlet processes the pretreatment fluid of timber for perfusion in described treating of wood chamber interior cavity；Described row
Liquid mouth discharges treating of wood room for the timber pretreatment fluid that treating of wood is indoor.
Especially, described inlet is arranged on the top of the sidewall of chamber bodies, described for injecting in process chamber
Timber pretreatment fluid；Described leakage fluid dram is arranged on the bottom of the sidewall of chamber bodies, the process after discharging treating of wood
Liquid.
Wherein, the bottom of described treating of wood room body and sidewall are closed, and top arranges to be opened/closed sealing and covers.
Wherein, the described lid that seals matches with described treating of wood room bodies top, is used for closing described treating of wood room.
Particularly, the shape of described sealing lid is identical with the shape on the top of chamber bodies, and its size is with process chamber originally
The size on the top of body adapts, for the top of sealing processing chamber body.
Wherein, described multiple ultrasonic transducers are uniformly arranged on the outer wall of described treating of wood room body.
Particularly, the bottom that outer wall is treating of wood room body of described treating of wood room body and the outer surface of sidewall.
Wherein, the power of described single ultrasonic transducer is 50-500W, and frequency is 20-100kHz.
Particularly, the plurality of ultrasonic transducer by glue, adhesive tape or is bolted to outside described chamber bodies
On wall, and it is evenly distributed on the outer wall for the treatment of of wood room body.
Especially, ultrasonic transducer is in close contact with the outer wall for the treatment of of wood room body, is fitted tightly over treating of wood
On the body outer wall of room, the ultrasonic wave produced in supersonic generator is by ultrasonic transducer output ultrasonic wave energy, at timber
The outer wall of reason room body enters in the internal cavities of chamber bodies, acts on the pretreatment fluid in cavity, is existed by ultrasonic wave
Effect in liquid, goes such as cavitation to act on the pending timber being immersed in pretreatment fluid again, improves the infiltration of timber
Property, must ensure that during whole the water level for the treatment of fluid necessarily be greater than the position of ultrasonic transducer.
Wherein, described heater is arranged on the bottom of described treating of wood chamber interior cavity, heat wood inner treatment chamber
Pretreatment fluid, and then the pending timber being immersed in pretreatment fluid is heated, and maintains pretreatment temperature.
Wherein, described temperature sensor is arranged on the bottom of the cavity of chamber bodies, measures inner treatment chamber pretreatment
Liquid temp, i.e. measures timber pretreatment temperature.
Heater, temperature sensor and the temperature controller being connected to each other by wire, is used for controlling in chamber bodies
The heating-up temperature of pretreatment fluid, when temperature sensor detects that the pretreatment fluid temperature for the treatment of of wood indoor reaches at or above timber
Temperature T that pretreatment sets1Time, temperature controller disconnects heater automatically；When detecting that the temperature of pretreatment fluid is less than timber
Temperature T that pretreatment sets1Time, temperature controller automatically turns on heater, heats pretreatment fluid, until pretreatment fluid
Temperature reaches timber pretreatment temperature.
Particularly, described pretreatment unit also includes the pretreatment fluid pre-processing pending timber, described pre-place
Reason liquid is arranged in the cavity of described pretreatment chamber.
Wherein, described pretreatment fluid selects water or alkaline solution.
Particularly, the mass percent concentration of described alkaline solution is 0.01-10%, preferably 0.5-2%, the most excellent
Elect 1% as.
Especially, described alkaline solution selects the one in sodium hydroxide solution, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate,
It is preferably sodium hydroxide solution.
Particularly, described treating of wood room also includes filling material part, and described dress material part is arranged on treating of wood chamber interior cavity
Inside, be used for placing pending timber
Wherein, described dress material part is flat board or the reticulate body with hole, air that beneficially treating of wood is indoor or liquid
Freely circulate, it is simple to air or liquid pass freely through described dress material part.
Wherein, described tabular dress material part, the contact internal walls of its two ends and treating of wood room cavity is also fixed；Or flat
Leg is fixed in the bottom of tabular dress material part, is supported on the cavity bottom for the treatment of of wood room by leg；Or fill material in tabular
Roller is installed in the bottom of part, by the roller supporting cavity bottom in treating of wood room.
Particularly, described tabular dress material part is arranged at the middle and lower part for the treatment of of wood room.
Wherein, the bottom of described reticulate body dress material part is tabular.
Particularly, described reticulate body dress material part is basket or the net with pore structure.
Especially, there is the reticulate body dress material part of hole by hook, rope or the side being bolted to treating of wood room
On wall.
Particularly, described pending timber is placed on the inside of described reticulate body.
Wherein, described dress material part lies in a horizontal plane in the cavity for the treatment of of wood room.
Particularly, described dress material part is arranged at the top of described heater.
Especially, the spacing distance between described dress material part and described heater is 5-10cm.
Particularly, described treating of wood room also includes the top being positioned over pending timber, for being soaked by pending timber
Not in the compressing member within pretreatment fluid.
Compressing member prevents pending timber from floating on the surface of pretreatment fluid or exposing pretreatment fluid surface so that pending
Timber is immersed in inside pretreatment fluid all the time.
Wherein, described compressing member is metal casting.
Particularly, also include that automatic control system, described automatic control system include timer, motor switch and control
Case.
Wherein, described timer is counted the most automatically, sets pretreatment time, i.e. sets supersonic generator and produces
The time of raw ultrasonic wave, it is the ultrasonic pretreatment time by the Timing of timer before pretreatment every time, opens ultrasonic wave
After generator, in order to prevent the ultrasonic wave injury to human body, people leaves, after pretreatment time has arrived, and pretreatment knot automatically
Bundle.
Particularly, described control cabinet by wire respectively with temperature controller, supersonic generator, motor switch, timing
Device is connected.
Automatic control system is connected with supersonic generator by circuit, arranges supersonic generator by control cabinet
Power and frequency, control supersonic generator are turned on and off, and then control the power of ultrasonic transducer, frequency and ultrasonic wave
Being turned on and off of transducer.
Automatic control system is connected with temperature controller by circuit, arranges timber pretreatment temperature by control cabinet,
Being turned on and off of the open and close controlling heater of motor switch, maintains the temperature of inner treatment chamber treatment fluid.
Automatic control system is connected with timer by circuit, arranges timber pretreatment time by control cabinet.
Particularly, also include shell, be arranged on the outside of described pretreatment unit, wrap up described pretreatment unit, will be pre-
The bottom of processing means and sidewall seal therein.
Particularly, it is additionally provided with base in the bottom of shell, for being fixed by treating of wood device so that it is put down with ground
OK.
Wherein, described base can be with the height of up-down adjustment processing means.
Particularly, it is also equipped with roller in the bottom of shell, treating of wood device can be moved freely.
Wherein, in wood treatment, process chamber is contacted with ground by base and is fixed on the ground, adjusting base
Height so that it is parallel to the ground；During mobile processing means, adjusting base height, make substructure height be less than the height of roller, will
Base shortens, and pulls treating of wood device, mobile to needing to carry out the place for the treatment of of wood.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of method utilizing above-mentioned timber pretreatment unit desiccated wood, including walking as follows
Rapid:
1) timber pretreatment fluid is joined in the cavity of described treating of wood room；
2) treatment temperature T in wood treatment is set by temperature controller1, it is then turned on heater, to timber
Treatment fluid in process chamber is heated to treating of wood temperature T1；
3) by pending timber stacking in described treating of wood chamber interior cavity, and timber is made to be immersed in treatment fluid,
Then the sealing lid for the treatment of of wood room is covered；
4) by arranging the power of supersonic generator, ultrasonic frequency, the power of regulation ultrasonic transducer and frequency,
It is then turned on supersonic generator, timber is carried out ultrasonic wave process；
5) close supersonic generator, after stopping ultrasonic wave process, take out the timber after ultrasonic wave processes；
6) timber after ultrasonic pretreatment is dried process.
Wherein, step 1) in join treating of wood chamber interior treatment fluid height and process chamber sidewalls on arrange super
The extreme higher position flush of acoustic wave transducer.
Particularly, described treatment fluid selects water or alkaline solution.
Wherein, the mass percent concentration of described alkaline solution is 0.01-10%, preferably 0.5-2%, further preferably
It is 1%.
Particularly, described alkaline solution selects the one in sodium hydroxide solution, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate,
It is preferably sodium hydroxide solution.
Wherein, step 2) described in treating of wood temperature be 10-90 DEG C, preferably 20-50 DEG C, more preferably 40 DEG C.
Wherein, step 3) described in the thickness of timber be 1-10cm；It is preferably 2-5cm.
Particularly, described timber is piled up as follows: piled up along the most in layer level by timber, same
Being in close contact between layer timber, the timber of adjacent two layers is arranged in parallel with each other, and separates with parting bead, parting bead between adjacent two layers timber
It is mutually perpendicular to timber length direction, and parting bead consistency from top to bottom.
Especially, the thickness of described parting bead is 10-30mm, preferably 15-20mm.
Wherein, step 4) in regulate the power of described ultrasonic transducer to applying on every cubic centimetre of pending timber
Ultrasonic power is 0.01-3W, preferably 2-3W, say, that when the cumulative volume of pending timber is 100cm3Time, ultrasonic wave
The general power of transducer is 1-300W；When the cumulative volume of pending timber is 1000cm3Time, the general power of ultrasonic transducer is
10-3000W。
Particularly, the frequency of described single ultrasonic transducer is 20-100kHz, preferably 20-40kHz, the most excellent
Elect 28-40kHz as.
Wherein, step 4) described in ultrasonic treatment time be calculated as 10-180min/cm according to the thickness of timber, preferably 30-
60min/cm, more preferably 45-60min/cm, if the thickness of the most pending timber is 1cm, then ultrasonic treatment time
For 10-180min；If pending lumber thickness is 2cm, then ultrasonic treatment time is 20-360min；If pending wood
Material thickness is 5cm, then ultrasonic treatment time is 50-900min.
Wherein, step 6) described in be dried be processed as any of drying means in drying of wood field, such as: vacuum do
Dry and conventional drying etc..
The present invention, in certain medium solution, uses the ultrasonic wave of different capacity and frequency to wood at a certain temperature
Material pre-processes, owing to the mechanism of the generation during ul-trasonic irradiation carries out what agitation produced to wood internal liquid
Microjet, the localized hyperthermia produced during cavitation, higher-pressure region, and owing to producing local assault after cavitation bubble Guan Bi
Ripple so that a lot of passages of water (such as conduit, tracheid, pit) of wood internal are got through, wood internal the extractives content reduces,
So that the permeability through the moisture of the timber of ultrasonic pretreatment strengthens, the passage of water is unimpeded, beneficially dry run
The migration of middle wood internal moisture, thus accelerate timber drying, shorten arid cycle；Additionally, due to the timber after processing
Permeability strengthens so that in timber drying, internal moisture translational speed and wood surface moisture evaporation rate difference reduce,
Moisture gradient is reduced, so that the stress in dry run reduces, decreases seasoning defect drying defect.
Advantages of the present invention is embodied in the following aspects:
1, the gas permeability using the timber of the inventive method process strengthens, and the present invention has got through the moisture of wood internal leads to
Road, makes timber internal moisture translational speed in follow-up dry run accelerate, improves the gas permeability of timber, for poor air permeability
The later use of timber provides a kind of preprocess method.
2, the inclusion using the timber of the inventive method process reduces, and wood internal extract is separated out by the present invention, makes
Obtaining the passage of water much blocked to be got through, beneficially in later stage dry run, the quick of moisture is moved, and shortens arid cycle,
Later use for the many timber of inclusion provides a kind of preprocess method.
3, the present invention not only shortens the arid cycle of difficult bole, improves drying of wood quality, but also greatly reduces
Seasoning defect drying defect in timber follow-up dry run.
4, it is short that the drying of wood after the inventive method processes removes identical water content required time, processes through the inventive method
After the rate of drying of timber be more than 2.25 times of rate of drying of unprocessed timber, reach 3.7 times, significantly improve wood
The rate of drying of material and efficiency.
5, in the pre-processing device of the present invention, treatment temperature can arbitrarily regulate, and the power that ultrasonic wave processes, frequency is permissible
Carry out electrodeless regulation, the timber of the various character of suitable treatment, it is particularly suitable for improving that inclusion is more, the difficult bole of poor air permeability
Rate of drying.
6, the temperature in whole processing procedure and ultrasonic power, frequency and the time of process can be fully automated by machine
Controlling, automaticity is high, time saving and energy saving.
7, this pre-processing device simple in construction, preprocess method is easy to operate, and in processing procedure, process control condition is easily-controllable,
It is suitable for processing various timber, suitable large-scale promotion application.
8, this pre-processing device corner is mounted on mobile roller, can move everywhere, it is simple to installation and transportation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation for the treatment of of wood device of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the sectional view in Fig. 1 along A-A.
Description of reference numerals: 1, treating of wood room；11, inlet；12, leakage fluid dram；13, lid is sealed；14, cavity；15, outer
Wall；16, chamber bodies；17, parting bead；2, ultrasonic wave processing system；21, ultrasonic transducer；22, supersonic generator；23、
Wire；3, temperature control system；31, heater；32, temperature sensor；33, temperature controller；4, pretreatment fluid；5, dress material
Part；51, material heap；6, compressing member；7, automatic control system；71, timer；72, control cabinet；8, base；9, roller；10, shell.
Detailed description of the invention
With reference to the accompanying drawings, pretreatment unit and the process of the raising wood drying rate implemented in the present invention are described in detail
The specific embodiment of method.
The present invention relates to a kind of pretreatment unit improving wood drying rate and processing method, the method is mainly used in wood
Material be dried before pretreatment, be particularly suitable for improving that inclusion is more, the rate of drying of the difficult bole of poor air permeability, belong to wood
Material preconditioning technique field.
As it is shown in figure 1, the treating of wood that the pretreatment unit of the raising wood drying rate of the present invention is made of stainless steel
Room 1, ultrasonic system 2 and temperature control system 3 form.
With reference to Fig. 1,2, treating of wood room 1 is made up of resistant material, has the sky placing pending timber including inside
The body 16 in chamber 14 and the sealing lid 13 in airtight treating of wood ceiling portion, the cross section of internal cavities 14 is rectangle, the surrounding of cavity
And bottom lock, sealing lid 13 to be opened/closed matches with the top of timber pretreatment chamber cavity, its shape and chamber bodies
The shape on top identical, its size adapts with the size on the top of chamber bodies.In treating of wood room cavity sidewalls
Top offers the inlet 11 for adding pretreatment fluid 4, and the bottom for the treatment of of wood room cavity sidewalls is offered for discharging place
The leakage fluid dram 12 of reason liquid.In treating of wood liquid is fed into the cavity for the treatment of of wood room by inlet or open sealing lid 13, wood
Material treatment fluid directly injects treating of wood room, submergence timber to be pre-treated from cavity top.
The outer wall of the body 16 for the treatment of of wood room 1 is by the bottom of the cavity 14 of process chamber 1 and the outer surface of the sidewall of surrounding
Composition.
In the embodiment of the present invention, treating of wood room 1 is the cuboid of accumbency, and inside has the cavity 14 of rectangular in cross-section,
In the present invention, the shape for the treatment of of wood room is in addition to for the cuboid of accumbency, and other any shapes are all applicable to the present invention,
Such as cylinder, spherical, cube shaped etc. all it is applicable to the present invention.
In the embodiment of the present invention, treating of wood room is made of stainless steel, and other any resistant material is all applicable to this
Bright.
Being provided with the dress material part 5 placing timber to be pre-treated in the cavity for the treatment of of wood room, dress material part is to have hole
Flat board or have the basket of hole, treatment fluid can pass freely through dress material part.The cavity of inner treatment chamber is divided into up and down by dress material part
Two parts, the part of dress material part more than 5 forms the space placing pending timber, is formed in the bottom of dress material part 5 and places heating
Device 31, the space of temperature sensor 32.The shape of dress material part is identical with process chamber, and it is sized to be slightly smaller than process chamber；On dress material part
Space be beneficial to treatment fluid and circulate in whole process chamber and circulate.
Dress material part can be the horizontal setting flat board with hole at treating of wood chamber interior cavity, and two ends are divided around
Do not contact with the inwall for the treatment of of wood room cavity, in order to dress material part 4 is supported in cavity；There is the tabular dress material of hole
Part can also fix leg bottom it, and dress material part is supported on the cavity inner wall for the treatment of of wood room by leg；Or at tool
Roller is installed in the bottom having the tabular dress material part of hole, passes through roller supporting；Can also be solid by hook, bolt or rope etc.
The reticulate body with hole being scheduled on process chamber.
The embodiment of the present invention select have hole basket (i.e. there is the reticulate body of hole), be suspended on wood by hook
On four walls of material process chamber, pending timber is placed on the bottom centre position of basket.
Pretreatment fluid 4 is placed on treating of wood chamber interior, the height of pretreatment fluid be arranged on process chamber sidewalls outer surface
On the extreme higher position flush of ultrasonic transducer, treatment fluid selects water or alkaline solution, and alkaline solution is preferably hydroxide
Sodium solution, the mass percent concentration of sodium hydroxide solution is 0.5-2%, more preferably 1%.
Compressing member 6 is the metal casting with constant weight, and its upper surface band is with handles or groove, is beneficial to pick up or put
Under.Described compressing member is positioned over the upper surface of pending timber, directly contacts with pending timber, prevent timber floating or dew
Go out treatment fluid surface so that pending timber is immersed in inside treatment fluid all the time.
Parting bead 17, for being spaced apart by the timber between adjacent two layers, makes the upper and lower surface of timber all can pre-process also in advance
Sufficiently contact.The direction of parting bead is vertical with timber length direction, and consistency from top to bottom.The thickness of parting bead is 10-30mm, preferably
For 15-20mm.
Ultrasonic wave processing system 2 includes supersonic generator 22 and multiple ultrasonic transducer 21, and connects described super
The wire 23 of acoustic wave transducer and supersonic generator, wherein, ultrasonic transducer is uniformly arranged on the outer wall for the treatment of of wood room 1
On, the most uniformly it is arranged on the bottom of process chamber 1 and the outside of sidewall, say, that in the bottom of process chamber 1 and the outside of sidewall
Being uniformly arranged several ultrasonic transducers parallel with one another, ultrasonic transducer is evenly distributed on the outer wall of process chamber；Super
Sonic generator passes through wire 23 and ultrasonic transducer, after opening supersonic generator, due to ultrasonic transducer and wood
The outer wall of material pretreatment chamber 1 is in close contact, and ultrasonic wave is entered by the outer wall for the treatment of of wood room after producing from ultrasonic transducer
Enter in the pretreatment fluid of process chamber cavity inside, ultrasonic wave by liquid effects on pending timber, so in whole process
In must ensure that the water level for the treatment of fluid necessarily be greater than the position of ultrasonic transducer.
Temperature control system 3 is made up of heater 31, temperature sensor 32 and temperature controller 33, and heater is arranged on place
Manage the bottom of the cavity 14 of room, and heater 31 is positioned at the bottom of dress material part 5；Temperature sensor 32 is uniformly arranged on process chamber
The bottom of cavity, is connected with temperature controller 33 by wire, measures the temperature of inner treatment chamber treatment fluid；Temperature controller 33
It is connected with heater 31 by wire, for the treatment fluid in process chamber is heated, when temperature sensor detects
Temperature T that timber pretreatment sets is reached at or above to the treatment fluid temperature that treating of wood is indoor1Time, temperature controller 33 is automatic
Disconnect heater；When temperature T detecting that the temperature for the treatment of fluid sets less than timber pretreatment1Time, temperature controller 33 is automatic
Heater, heats treatment fluid, until treatment fluid temperature reaches timber pretreatment temperature.
Automatic control system 7 includes timer 71, motor switch (not indicating in accompanying drawing) and control cabinet 72.Automatically control and be
The control cabinet 72 of system is connected with temperature controller, supersonic generator, motor switch, timer respectively by circuit, and
Temperature controller, supersonic generator, timer are arranged on inside control cabinet.
Temperature (the T set in the actually measured treatment fluid temperature (i.e. T) of temperature sensor 32 and timber preprocessing process1)
It is compared to each other, according to being turned on and off of the motor switch in different comparative result control pretreatment units.
Automatic control system is connected with supersonic generator 22 also by circuit, arrange supersonic generator power and
Frequency, also by timer control supersonic generator be turned on and off, and then control control ultrasonic transducer 21 power,
Being turned on and off of frequency and ultrasonic transducer.
The pretreatment unit of the raising wood drying rate of the present invention also includes shell 10, by timber pretreatment chamber, ultrasonic
Wave transducer and connect ultrasonic transducer wire, connect heater, temperature sensor wrapped in wire in shell
Portion.The bottom of shell can also arrange base 8 and roller 9, and base 8 is for being fixed on ground by pretreatment unit, and base can
To regulate height, make treating of wood room parallel to the ground.Roller 9 is for realizing moving freely of timber pretreatment unit.
The explanation present invention improves the course of work of pretreatment unit of wood drying rate below:
It is first turned on the inlet 11 for the treatment of of wood room 1, treatment fluid 4 is circulated into treating of wood room 1 by inlet 11
Cavity 14 in, until the height for the treatment of fluid is equal with the extreme higher position of the ultrasonic transducer being arranged on outside process chamber four wall
Together or the slightly above extreme higher position of ultrasonic transducer, closes inlet 11, stops feed liquor；
During by control cabinet 2 to the treatment temperature in timber preprocessing process, ultrasonic wave highway car and frequency and process
Between be set；Set the temperature for the treatment of fluid 4 in timber preprocessing process, i.e. by control cabinet 72 design temperature controller 33
Temperature is 10-90 DEG C；Set power and the frequency of ultrasonic wave in timber preprocessing process, i.e. set ultrasonic wave by control cabinet 72
The power of generator 22 so that the ultrasonic power applied on every cubic centimetre of timber is 0.01-3W, and frequency is 20-100kHz；
Setting processes the time, and i.e. by controlling, 72 set the process time of timer 71 so that timber pretreatment time is every cm thick
Treating of wood 10-180min；
Open temperature controller 33 and heater 31, pretreatment fluid is heated, when temperature sensor 32 detects everywhere
When the temperature of the treatment fluid 4 in reason room 1 reaches preset temperature, temperature controller 33 disconnects heater 31 automatically, stops process
The heating of liquid；When the temperature of the treatment fluid 4 in temperature sensor 32 detects process chamber 1 is less than preset temperature, temperature controls
Device 33 automatically turns on heater 31, heats treatment fluid, until reaching preset temperature；Treatment fluid is maintained with this
Temperature is preset temperature；
By being placed on dress material part 5 according to the pending timber cut, pile up along the most in layer level, same layer juggle
Between be in close contact, the juggle of adjacent two layers is arranged in parallel with each other, and separates with parting bead 15 between adjacent two layers juggle, parting bead with wood
Segment length direction is mutually perpendicular to, and parting bead consistency from top to bottom；If pending timber floats on treatment fluid, compressing member is positioned over
The upper surface of pending timber so that it is be totally submerged in treatment fluid；
Lid top cover labyrinth 13, opens supersonic generator 22 and timer 71, by ultrasonic transducer 21 to being placed on
Pending timber on dress material part carries out ultrasonic wave process, and when reaching the Preset Time of timer, automatic control system 7 is automatic
Close supersonic generator 22, stop ultrasonic；
Opening the leakage fluid dram 12 for the treatment of of wood room 1, discharge treatment fluid 4, take out pretreated juggle, pretreatment completes.
Timber handled in the embodiment of the present invention uses China fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.)
Hook), poplar (Populus spp.), wherein, China fir picks up from Beijing, and average air dry density is 0.40g/cm3, moisture content is
About 85-90%；Poplar picks up from Shandong, and average air dry density is 0.45g/cm3, moisture content is 85-90%；By China fir and poplar
Make size and be respectively the wooden unit of 1000mm (length) × 200mm (width) × 20mm (thickness direction), according to national standard
GB1928-91 sawing.
Embodiment 1
Take the China fir juggle of a size of 1000mm (length) × 200mm (width) × 20mm (thickness) to carry out ultrasonic wave and locate in advance
Reason, to get through the wood internal passage of water, processes for the follow-up drying of wood and shortens drying time.
In the embodiment of the present invention, lumber thickness is in addition to as a example by 2cm, and other thickness are that the timber of 1-10cm is also applied for
The present invention, lumber thickness is preferably 2-5cm.
1, opening inlet 11, treatment fluid (i.e. water) 4 pours in the cavity 14 for the treatment of of wood chamber interior by inlet 11,
The extreme higher position flush of the height of the treatment fluid in process chamber and the ultrasonic transducer being arranged on outside process chamber four wall or
The slightly above extreme higher position of ultrasonic transducer；
Treatment fluid in the embodiment of the present invention is apart from the use of water, it is also possible to use alkaline solution, the matter of alkaline solution
Amount percent concentration is 0.01-10%, preferably 1%, and such as mass percent concentration is the sodium hydroxide solution of 1%.
2, arranging the temperature for the treatment of fluid in timber preprocessing process on the control cabinet of automatic control system is 40 DEG C, the most logical
The temperature crossing control cabinet design temperature controller 33 is 40 DEG C；Set ultrasonic wave in timber pretreatment ultrasonic wave processing procedure to occur
The power of device and frequency, regulate supersonic generator so that the power of ultrasonic transducer is every cubic centimetre of pending timber
On ultrasonic power be 3W, selection supersonic frequency is 28kHz, i.e. by control cabinet set supersonic generator power make
The power of the ultrasonic transducer on every cubic centimetre of pending timber is 3W, and frequency is 28kHz；When setting the process of timer
Between be 0.5h, i.e. set sonication treatment time as 0.5h by control cabinet, timber pretreatment time is to calculate, often by lumber thickness
The treating of wood 15min of cm thick；
In the embodiment of the present invention, timber pretreatment temperature is except selecting in addition to 40 DEG C, and other are such as the treatment temperature of 10-90 DEG C
Being also applied for the present invention, timber pretreatment temperature is preferably 20-50 DEG C.
3, open temperature controller 33 and heater 31, pretreatment fluid is heated, until temperature sensor detects
The temperature of the treatment fluid in process chamber reaches and remains 40 DEG C；
4, becoming the China fir of buttress to be placed on dress material part 5 (i.e. having the basket of hole) code, wherein China fir is according to such as lower section
Formula carries out piling:
By the China fir juggle of a size of 1000mm (length) × 200mm (width) × 20mm (thickness) along the most in layer
Level is piled up, and is in close contact between same layer juggle, and the juggle of adjacent two layers is arranged in parallel with each other, and uses between adjacent two layers juggle
Parting bead 17 separates, and parting bead is mutually perpendicular to juggle length direction, and the thickness of parting bead is 15mm, and parting bead consistency from top to bottom；
5, cover and be arranged on the sealing lid 13 at process chamber top, open supersonic generator, to being placed on dress material part
China fir carries out ultrasonic wave process, and opens timer simultaneously, starts timing；
6, when, after timber pretreatment 0.5h, automatic control system is automatically switched off supersonic generator, then opens leakage fluid dram
12, discharge treatment fluid, and take out pretreated juggle.
Embodiment 2
In addition to the ultrasonic pretreatment time is 1h, remaining is same as in Example 1.
Embodiment 3
In addition to the ultrasonic pretreatment time is 1.5h, remaining is same as in Example 1.
Embodiment 4
In addition to the ultrasonic pretreatment time is 2h, remaining is same as in Example 1.
Embodiment 5
In addition to during ultrasonic pretreatment, the frequency of ultrasonic wave is the time to be 40kHz, remaining and embodiment 1 phase
With.
Embodiment 6
Except the ultrasonic pretreatment time is 1h, during ultrasonic pretreatment, the frequency of ultrasonic wave is to be 40kHz the time
Outside, remaining is same as in Example 1.
Embodiment 7
Except the ultrasonic pretreatment time is 1.5h, during ultrasonic pretreatment, the frequency of ultrasonic wave is the time to be
Outside 40kHz, remaining is same as in Example 1.
Embodiment 8
Except the ultrasonic pretreatment time is 2h, during ultrasonic pretreatment, the frequency of ultrasonic wave is to be 40kHz the time
Outside, remaining is same as in Example 1.
Embodiment 9
Except the ultrasonic power on every cubic centimetre of pending timber of ultrasonic pretreatment is 1W, ultrasonic pretreatment
Time is that outside 1.5h, remaining is same as in Example 1.
Embodiment 10
Except the ultrasonic power on every cubic centimetre of pending timber of ultrasonic pretreatment is 2W, ultrasonic pretreatment
Time is that outside 1.5h, remaining is same as in Example 1.
Embodiment 11
Except the ultrasonic power on every cubic centimetre of pending timber of ultrasonic pretreatment is 1W, the frequency of ultrasonic wave
Being 40kHz for the time, the ultrasonic pretreatment time is that outside 1.5h, remaining is same as in Example 1.
Embodiment 12
Except the ultrasonic power on every cubic centimetre of pending timber of ultrasonic pretreatment is 2W, the frequency of ultrasonic wave
Being 40kHz for the time, the ultrasonic pretreatment time is that outside 1.5h, remaining is same as in Example 1.
The test example drying of wood is tested
Prepared by embodiment 1-12 pretreatment timber and embodiment 1-12 in use without the former China fir of any process
Juggle is placed in drying box, heating, is dried process, in dry run, baking temperature is adjusted to 60 DEG C, and drying pressure is
0.06MPa, whole during system A.T.C and pressure, to the last the moisture content of timber be less than 10%, be dried knot
Bundle；The moisture content of the real time measure timber, until the moisture content of timber reaches to stop being dried when 10%.
The drying of wood is to the drying time that moisture content is when 10%, and rate of drying is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 drying of wood time, rate of drying
| Drying time (h) | Initial aqueous rate (%) | Rate of drying (%/h) |
| Embodiment 1 | 21.85 | 89 | 3.62 |
| Embodiment 2 | 20.09 | 90 | 3.98 |
| Embodiment 3 | 15.24 | 88 | 5.12 |
| Embodiment 4 | 15.8 | 86 | 4.81 |
| Embodiment 5 | 20.14 | 85 | 3.72 |
| Embodiment 6 | 20.18 | 86 | 3.77 |
| Embodiment 7 | 13.59 | 89 | 5.81 |
| Embodiment 8 | 13.88 | 87 | 5.55 |
| Embodiment 9 | 19.98 | 89 | 3.95 |
| Embodiment 10 | 17.76 | 88 | 4.39 |
| Embodiment 11 | 18.35 | 90 | 4.36 |
| Embodiment 12 | 15.14 | 86 | 5.02 |
| Untreated | 41.22 | 85 | 1.82 |
Conclusion (of pressure testing) shows:
1, use the pretreated timber of the inventive method to be dried process, remove same amount of water content required time
Shorten, improve the rate of drying of timber, be dried process through the pretreated timber of the inventive method, being dried of timber
Speed is fast, and the wood drying rate after short time pretreatment (only 15min/cm) is the dry speed without ultrasonic pretreatment timber
More than 1.80 times of rate, reach 3.2 times, significantly improve rate of drying and the efficiency of timber.
2, the pretreated timber of the inventive method is dried process, shortens drying time, improves drying efficiency,
Illustrate that the ultrasonic pretreatment of the present invention makes the passage of water of wood internal in ultra sonic machinery effect, the feature such as cavitation
Being got through, the gas permeability of timber strengthens so that pretreated timber wood internal moisture translational speed in dry run adds
Hurry up, and timber is dried at a lower temperature in actual drying and just can obtain ratio rate of drying faster, greatly reduces wood
Seasoning defect drying defect in the follow-up dry run of material so that dockage reduces.
Claims (10)
1. improve a pretreatment unit for wood drying rate, including treating of wood room (1), ultrasonic wave processing system (2), temperature
Degree control system (3), wherein:
Described treating of wood room is had the body (16) of cavity (14) by inside and the lid (13) that seals to be opened/closed forms, Qi Zhongsuo
The internal cavities (14) stated is used for placing pending timber；The described lid (13) that seals is arranged at described treating of wood room body (16)
Top, be used for closing described treating of wood room；
Described ultrasonic wave processing system (2) is by the supersonic generator (22) connected by wire (23) and multiple ultrasonic wave transducer
Device (21) forms, and carries out ultrasonically treated to the pending timber being placed on treating of wood indoor；
Described temperature control system (3) is made up of heater (31), temperature sensor (32), temperature controller (33)；
Wherein: in preprocessing process, ultrasonic wave acts on pending timber by timber pretreatment fluid, timber pretreatment fluid
Highly higher than the position of ultrasonic transducer；Described heater is for heating timber pretreatment fluid, to add hot dipping
The not pending timber in timber pretreatment fluid.
2. device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the body (16) of described treating of wood room (1) is by corrosion resistance
Material is made.
3. device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, described ultrasonic transducer (21) is uniformly arranged on described wood
On the outer wall (15) of material chamber bodies (16).
4. device as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, the outer wall (15) of described treating of wood room body is chamber bodies
Bottom and the outer surface of sidewall.
5. device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, it is indoor that described heater (31) is arranged on described treating of wood
The bottom of portion's cavity (14).
6. device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, described treating of wood room also includes filling material part (5), described dress
Material part is arranged on the inside of described treating of wood chamber interior cavity (14).
7. device as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, described dress material part (5) is flat board or the reticulate body with hole, profit
Air or liquid in treating of wood indoor freely circulate.
8. the side utilizing the pretreatment unit desiccated wood improving wood drying rate as described in claim 1-7 is arbitrary
Method, the step carried out including order below:
1) timber pretreatment fluid (4) is joined in the cavity (14) of described treating of wood room (1)；
2) treatment temperature T in wood treatment is set by temperature controller (33)1, it is then turned on heater (31) to wood
Treatment fluid in material process chamber is heated to treating of wood temperature T1；
3) by pending timber stacking in described treating of wood room (1) internal cavities (14), and timber is made to be immersed in treatment fluid
(4), in, the sealing lid (13) for the treatment of of wood room is then covered；
4) power of described supersonic generator (22), ultrasonic frequency are set, regulate the merit of described ultrasonic transducer (21)
Rate and frequency, be then turned on supersonic generator, and timber is carried out ultrasonic wave process；
5) close supersonic generator, after stopping ultrasonic wave process, take out the timber after ultrasonic pretreatment；
6) timber after ultrasonic pretreatment is dried process.
9. method as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that step 2) described in treating of wood temperature T1For 10-90 DEG C.
10. method as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that step 4) described in ultrasonic power be on every cubic centimetre of timber
The ultrasonic power applied is 0.01-3W.
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| CN108800874A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-11-13 | 北京林业大学 | A kind of equipment promoting wood surface heat and moisture transfer |
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| CN103112069B (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2016-05-11 | 北京林业大学 | A kind for the treatment of facility and processing method that improves lignum permeability |
| CN103115481B (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2016-04-13 | 北京林业大学 | A kind of timber dryer and utilize the method for this equipment desiccated wood |
| CN102873730B (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2015-09-16 | 北华大学 | A kind of preprocess method shortening the drying of wood time |
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