CN108789718A

CN108789718A - A kind of Wood heat treatment method

Info

Publication number: CN108789718A
Application number: CN201711075899.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 何正斌; 伊松林; 曲丽洁; 王振宇; 钱京
Original assignee: Beijing Forestry University
Current assignee: Beijing Forestry University
Priority date: 2017-11-06
Filing date: 2017-11-06
Publication date: 2018-11-13
Anticipated expiration: 2037-11-06
Also published as: CN108789718B

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of Wood heat treatment method, includes ultrasonically-modified processing, the heat treatment carried out successively to timber under ultrasonic pretreatment, decompression state.Existing high-temperature thermal treatment timber can be obtained under lower heat treatment temperature using the method for the present invention, and the dimensional stability of the high-temperature thermal treatment timber reached using the timber of the method for the present invention processing, improve heat treatment efficiency and speed, save energy consumption, the heat-treated wood defect of preparation is few, high mechanical properties can be used for indoor furniture and floor, it may also be used for timber structure.

Description

A kind of Wood heat treatment method

Technical field：

The present invention relates to a kind of heat_treated wood device and method, more particularly to a kind of place for improving heat_treated wood rate Equipment and processing method are managed, timber hot-working field is belonged to.

Background technology

Timber is a kind of material with the excellent natural performance such as renewable, environmentally friendly and recyclable, however because Its special biological structure makes it have to pass through certain working process and can just be used.High-temperature thermal treatment timber technology is not Any chemical agent is added, the quality of quick-growing plantation timber can be improved and improve, substitutes the high-quality wildwood timber in part.

In order to improve the performances such as the against weather of timber, the stability of size and resistance to decadent nature.Patent 201310604960.4 providing a kind of quick-growing plantation Eucalyptus Wood high-temperature heat treatment process, which passes through quick-growing plantation The pretreatment of eucalyptus；By the timber high temperature boiling after sawing；Stacking；Timber after stacking is carried out to steam damping drying；Preheating； Aqueous vapor shielded heat-treated under medium temperature；High-temperature process and cooling and quenched process under conditions of inert gas shielding downloads 165-240 DEG C Timber is handled.The technique of the present invention substantially reduces drying time in Eucalyptus Wood high-temperature heat treatment process, solves simultaneously It has determined the deformations such as conventional kiln drying (kd) Eucalyptus Wood easily end check, warpage and shrinkage and the low problem of volume recovery.Volume recovery is high, can reach 60%-70%；Using the water vapour and nitrogen combination treatment method of the present invention, treated Eucalyptus Wood mechanical strength averagely under Drop 28%；And color and degree of carbonization are uniform after being heat-treated；Dimensional stability greatly improves, and equilibrium moisture content is than untreated Reduce 45%.

Patent 201511002295.7 gives a kind of damp and hot tension wood heat treatment method, and the invention is using at pressurized tank Manage timber, and by pressurized tank be placed in deep fat in, ensure that heat treatment process seal, under the conditions of 185-220 DEG C to timber into Row processing, can effectively shorten the time of heat treatment, reduce heat treatment energy consumption；Nutriment degradation in timber is more thorough； Treated timber color and luster evenly, can also avoid the cracking of timber during heat treatment, effectively improve heat treatment wood The quality of material.

The high temperature water heat processing method of 200610031950.6 timber of patent, the present invention use：1) timber is placed in high temperature In heat-treatment furnace；Temperature in high temperature heat treatment furnace is increased to 120-150 DEG C of heat preservation；2) when moisture content is reduced to 5% After below, the temperature improved in high temperature heat treatment furnace is kept the temperature to 180-240 DEG C；Soaking time is protected by the timber of thickness per cm It holds 0.5-3 hours；3) temperature for reducing high temperature heat treatment furnace, after temperature is reduced to 100 DEG C or less, with steam or hot water pair Timber is handled, and makes the moisture content of timber to 7-10%；4) continue to reduce the temperature in high temperature heat treatment furnace, work as wood internal Temperature be reduced to 40 DEG C or so after come out of the stove；5) 15 days or more time is balanced in atmospheric environment.Timber can be improved in the present invention Dimensional stability, rotproofness and weatherability, the timber for enabling after treatment is widely used in humidity and temperature change is bigger Environment in.

These methods largely improve the property such as the against weather of timber, the stability of size and resistance to decadent nature Can, and product is widely used in the processing of woodwork, is carried out at high warm to timber under conditions of 120-220 DEG C Reason improves wood dimensional stability, corrosion resistant performance and weather resistance to reach.

But the processing method that these inventions provide is handled under 180-220 DEG C of temperature condition, on the one hand, in high temperature Under super-humid conditions, wood internal cellulose and hemicellulose are significantly decomposed so that and strength of wood substantially reduces, Timber is influenced from mechanical property, greatly limits the scope of application of timber；Secondly, high temperature and humidity medium to the rotproofness of equipment, High temperature resistance is more demanding, and equipment cost is higher；Third handles timber under hot conditions, and energy consumption is higher, and heat treatment process In can discharge a large amount of VOC pollution environment.To overcome the above disadvantages, there is provided herein a kind of timber high temperature thermal treatment and Processing method, the advantages of being heat-treated to timber under lower temperature conditions, timber is made to reach existing high-temperature heat treatment, simultaneously Achieve the effect that energy-saving and emission-reduction.

Invention content

The purpose of the present invention is being directed to during existing heat_treated wood there are treatment temperature height, heat-treated wood, which exists, to be lacked It falls into, the not high technological deficiency of heat-treated wood quality provides a kind of Wood heat treatment method, the method for the present invention heat_treated wood mistake Heat treatment temperature is low in journey, and thermal treatment rate is fast, and heat-treated wood defect is few, and the timber handled under lower temperature can reach existing High-temperature thermal treatment timber is characteristic, has not only saved energy consumption, improves heat_treated wood efficiency, and heat-treated wood is in addition to can Except indoor furniture and floor, it may also be used for timber structure.

To achieve the purpose of the present invention, one aspect of the present invention provides a kind of Wood heat treatment method, includes the following steps：

1) timber is soaked in Wooden modifying pretreatment fluid, then carries out ultrasonic wave under normal pressure state to timber and locates in advance Reason obtains ultrasonic pretreatment timber；

2) ultrasonic pretreatment timber is soaked in Wooden modifying treatment fluid, then timber is carried out under a reduced pressure Ultrasonically-modified processing 2-6 times, obtains ultrasonically-modified timber；

3) ultrasonically-modified timber is heat-treated, obtains heat-treated wood.

Wherein, Wooden modifying pretreatment fluid described in step 1) is water.

In particular, the time of ultrasonic pretreatment described in step 1) is according to lumber thickness meter, timber ultrasound per cm Wave pre-processes 5-60min, and for preferably 20min i.e. according to lumber thickness meter, the time of ultrasonic pretreatment is 5-60min/cm (thickness), preferably 20min/cm (thickness).

Especially, the power of ultrasonic wave is 0.1-20W/cm during the ultrasonic pretreatment², preferably 5W/cm²；Frequency For 25-56kHz, preferably 40kHz.

Wherein, Wooden modifying treatment fluid described in step 2) selects strong acid weak base salting liquid.

In particular, the strong acid weak base salt selective chlorination zinc, copper chloride, iron chloride, aluminum sulfate, copper sulphate.

Especially, the mass concentration of the strong acid weak base salting liquid be 1%-50%, preferably 5%.

Wherein, it is 3-4 times to carry out ultrasonically-modified number of processing to timber under a reduced pressure described in step 2).

In particular, under decompression state described in step 2), ultrasound in ultrasonically-modified processing procedure is carried out to timber every time Wavefront modifier processing time is according to lumber thickness meter, the ultrasonically-modified processing 0.5-3h of timber per cm；Under the decompression state Absolute pressure<0.1MPa.

Especially, the absolute pressure for carrying out decompression state in ultrasonically-modified processing procedure to timber every time is preferably 0- 0.1MPa, preferably 0-0.01MPa, further preferably 0.005MPa；Ultrasonically-modified processing time is according to lumber thickness Meter, the ultrasonically-modified processing of timber per cm is preferably 1h；The power of ultrasonic wave is 0.1-20W/cm², preferably 5W/cm²；Frequency For 25-56kHz, preferably 40kHz.

Wherein, it is first to being soaked in Wooden modifying treatment fluid that timber, which carries out ultrasonically-modified processing, under the decompression state Vacuumize process is first carried out, absolute pressure is made<Then 0.1MPa is keeping absolute pressure<To being soaked under conditions of 0.1MPa Timber in Wooden modifying treatment fluid carries out ultrasonication.

In particular, the ultrasonically-modified processing of timber under adjacent decompression state twice is carrying out ultrasonically-modified place next time Before reason, absolute pressure is made to restore to normal pressure, the ultrasonically-modified processing in the case where carrying out decompression state next time.

Especially, the ultrasonically-modified processing of timber under adjacent decompression state twice is in upper primary ultrasonically-modified processing Later, restore to normal pressure state, be then evacuated to absolute pressure again<0.1MPa is keeping absolute pressure<The condition of 0.1MPa Under ultrasonication is carried out to the timber that is soaked in Wooden modifying treatment fluid.

Wherein, heat treatment described in step 3) includes the following steps：

First stage heat treatment 3A) is carried out under conditions of temperature is 60-80 DEG C to ultrasonically-modified timber；

After 3B) being heat-treated to moisture content≤30% to the timber first stage, it is passed through vapor, in aqueous vapor shielded Under, continue heat temperature raising, carries out second stage heat treatment；

After 3C) timber second stage is heat-treated to moisture content≤10%, continue heat temperature raising, third is carried out to timber Phase heat treatment；

Wherein, step 3A) in first stage heat treatment temperature be preferably 70 DEG C；Step 3B) described in moisture content it is excellent It is selected as 25-30%.

In particular, step 3B) in second stage heat treatment process, keep the dry-bulb temperature of heat-treatment medium>90℃； Wet-bulb temperature is 90-100 DEG C；Medium wet-bulb depression is 0-30 DEG C.

Especially, in second stage heat treatment process, the dry-bulb temperature of heat-treatment medium is 100-130 DEG C, preferably 100-120 DEG C, further preferably 110 DEG C；Wet-bulb temperature is 90-95 DEG C；Medium wet-bulb depression is 10-25 DEG C, preferably For.

Wherein, step 3C) in control heat-treatment medium dry-bulb temperature be 120-140 DEG C, preferably 120-130 DEG C, into One step is preferably 120 DEG C；Medium wet-bulb temperature is 90-110 DEG C, preferably 95 DEG C.

In particular, the phase III keeps the temperature heat treatment time, according to lumber thickness meter, the treating of wood time per cm is 1- 3h, preferably 1h；Timber central temperature >=100 DEG C, preferably 100-130 DEG C；

Especially, timber second stage is heat-treated to moisture content after 6-10%, to be further continued for heating heating.

Conditioning carried out to heat-treated wood in particular, further including step 4), Wood temperature to be heated is reduced to≤ After 60 DEG C, it is passed through vapor, adjusts moisture content to 6-8%.

Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of heat-treated wood made of being heat-treated according to the method described above.

Further aspect of the present invention passes through a kind of wood-handling device, including the internal treating of wood room with cavity, ultrasound Wave system system, pumped vacuum systems, heating system, Wood modifier, dress material system and vapour system, wherein：

The ultrasonic system is made of the supersonic generator connected by conducting wire and at least one ultrasonic transducer, Timber to being positioned over material inner treatment chamber carries out ultrasonication；

The pumped vacuum systems carries out vacuumize process to being positioned over the indoor timber for the treatment of of wood；

The heating system heats the timber for being positioned over material inner treatment chamber；

The Wood modifier includes pretreatment fluid and modification liquid, wherein the pretreatment fluid is water；The modification Treatment fluid selects strong acid weak base salting liquid；

The dress material system is arranged in process chamber cavity, for placing pending timber；

The vapour system provides vapor into the treating of wood room, protects timber.

Wherein, the treating of wood room is made of the material of corrosion resistance, and metal partion (metp) is arranged by process chamber sky in its underpart Chamber is divided into upper and lower two mutually independent parts, and top is for placing pending timber, modifying agent, heating system；Lower part is used for Place the ultrasonic transducer of ultrasonication system.

In particular, the ultrasonic transducer is mounted on the lower surface of metal partion (metp).

Especially, retractable closing door is arranged in treating of wood room back-end closure, front end；In treating of wood room left side wall (or Right side wall) middle and upper part open up modifier inlet, for Wood modifier to be added into process chamber；Right side in treating of wood room The lower part setting of wall (or left side wall) is exported for the modifying agent of modifying agent to be discharged.

In particular, the modifying agent outlet is positioned at the lower part of metal partion (metp).

In particular, treating of wood room is left and right or the external liquid level being arranged for monitoring modifying agent in process chamber of rear wall The bottom of the liquid level gauge of height, liquid level gauge is arranged in the bottom of process chamber upper cavity, positioned at the top of metal separator, and with Process chamber upper space is connected.

Wherein, the ultrasonication system includes ultrasonic transducer, supersonic generator and the connection ultrasound The conducting wire of wave transducer and supersonic generator.

In particular, supersonic generator is arranged in the outside of process chamber；Ultrasonic transducer is arranged in treating of wood room In lower cavity.

Especially, the ultrasonic transducer includes multiple series connection and energy converter in parallel, the multiple ultrasonic wave transducer Device is uniformly mounted on the lower surface of metal partion (metp).

Wherein, pumped vacuum systems is arranged in the outside of process chamber, including vacuum pump, pressure controller and pressure gauge, with wood Material process chamber is connected by vacuum export mouth, is realized and is carried out vacuumize process to treating of wood room cavity.

In particular, the top on the top for the treatment of of wood room side wall or process chamber is arranged in the vacuum export mouth；Material processing Room is connected with the pressure controller of the pumped vacuum systems, vacuum pump successively by connecting pipe.

Wherein, the heating system setting is handling indoor top, including heater, circulating fan, wind deflector, In：Wind deflector is located at the lower part of heater, circulating fan；Heater is arranged in the both sides of circulating fan, and heater is along processing Room length direction arrangement.

In particular, the heater is located at wind deflector along the both ends that process chamber length direction extends, i.e., heater is along place It is longitudinally disposed to manage room；The circulating fan is arranged on the center line of process chamber short transverse；The mounting height of wind deflector is higher than The height of modifier inlet is located at the top of modifier inlet；The wind deflector is tabular, is prolonged along process chamber length direction It stretches, and the two side certain distance apart from process chamber length direction is blown using dried medium after heating through circulating fan Indoor free-flowing is reprocessed afterwards.

Wherein, the Wood modifier includes pretreatment fluid and modification liquid, is positioned in treating of wood room, immersion waits for Handle timber.

In particular, the pretreatment fluid selection water (being usually distilled water or tap water)；The modification liquid selection is strong Sour weak base salting liquid, hydrolysis is in acidity.The strong acid weak base salt selective chlorination zinc, copper chloride, iron chloride, aluminum sulfate, copper sulphate Mass concentration Deng, the strong acid weak base salting liquid is 1%-50%, preferably 5%.

Wherein, the dress material system includes frame, fixation kit and fixing bracket；Wherein, the frame is by stainless steel tube The shelf of manufactured cuboid or the square bodily form, the fixation kit are fixedly connected with the upper bottom surface of frame；The fixed branch The bottom surface in frame is arranged in frame, is fixedly connected with frame bottom surface.

In particular, the upper bottom surface of the fixation kit and frame is rotatablely connected；Pass through hinge connection.

Wherein, the shelf of frame cuboid made of stainless steel tube or the square bodily form, bottom surface and 3 sides Face reticulates structure, and upper bottom surface and another side are in open state, are known as open side in the side of open state；In net The side of shape structure is known as mesh side.

In particular, the fixation kit includes 1 mesh caps, multiple springs, at least 2 block pressur plates and one or more are solid Determine locking member.

Wherein, the head cover be the rectangle made of stainless steel tube or square mesh tablet, shapes and sizes with The shapes and sizes of the upper bottom surface of frame are adapted.

In particular, the shape of the head cover, size and frame upper bottom surface are adapted；One side of the head cover and the 3 of frame The corresponding side top side rotation connection in any one of a mesh side side so that head cover is along frame upper bottom surface Side top can be with free-open-close.

Wherein, the spring is arranged in the lower surface of head cover, and one end is fixedly connected with the lower surface of head cover.

In particular, length or width direction point row arrangement of the spring along the head cover.

Wherein, the pressing plate is in tabular, and the length of length and head cover is adapted, the upper surface of pressing plate and spring it is another One end is fixedly connected.

In particular, the pressing plate is arranged along the length direction of head cover, a block pressur plate and corresponding row spring, and press The upper surface of plate is fixedly connected with the other end of spring.

Wherein, the other side that the side being rotatablely connected at the top of head cover and frame side wall is opposite is arranged in the fixed locking member On the upper side edge in face.

In particular, the fixed locking member setting is another other than head cover is with the side of rotation connection at the top of frame side wall On the upper side edge of outer 3 sides.

Especially, the fixed locking member is any device that can be fixed together two objects, such as hook Son, rope or wirerope etc..

Wherein, the vapour system includes steam generator, jet chimney and the steam control valve being arranged on pipeline, institute It states vapour system by steam introducing port to be connected with treating of wood room, steam is imported into treating of wood room.

In particular, the steam introducing port is opened in the lower part of process chamber upper cavity.

In particular, further including temperature-water content monitoring system, for monitoring the temperature of medium in process chamber, pending wood The temperature and moisture content of material.

Wherein, the temperature-water content monitoring system includes that media temperature sensor, medium temperature controller, timber contain Water rate-temperature monitor group (i.e. temperature and moisture sensor are mounted on the center of material heap), conducting wire and moisture content-temperature Spend detection device.

In particular, the media temperature sensor is mounted on the center of process chamber length direction two side；The medium temperature Degree sensor is connected with the medium temperature controller being arranged outside process chamber by conducting wire, and each temperature sensor includes one Dry bulb thermometer and a wet-bulb thermometer measure the dry of medium, wet-bulb temperature in process chamber.

Especially, the medium temperature controller is connected by conducting wire with heater, for controlling treating of wood room sky The temperature of chamber, when heat treatment temperature of the treating of wood indoor temperature higher than timber setting, heater stops heating；At timber When managing heat treatment temperature of the indoor temperature less than timber setting, heater starting heats timber, provides heat_treated wood Institute's calorific requirement.

Wherein, the moisture content-temperature monitor group is mounted on the center of pending material heap, including a dry bulb temperature Degree meter and moisture content detector.

In particular, the moisture content-temperature monitor group is examined by the moisture content outside conducting wire and process chamber-temperature Device is surveyed to be connected, moisture content-temperature-detecting device read the timber that moisture content-temperature monitor group measures temperature and Moisture content.

Another aspect of the invention offer is a kind of to carry out Wood heat treatment method using above-mentioned Wood heat treatment device, including such as Lower step：

1) log yard is placed in the frame of dress material system, fixation kit fixing lock is next, it is positioned over process chamber Interior and closed processes room；

2) Wooden modifying pretreatment fluid is injected into process chamber, and submerges timber, and ultrasound is then opened under normal pressure state Wave system is united, and is carried out ultrasonic pretreatment to timber, is obtained ultrasonic pretreatment timber；

3) Wooden modifying pretreatment fluid is discharged and injects Wooden modifying treatment fluid into process chamber, submerges timber, then opens Pumped vacuum systems is opened, vacuumize process is carried out to process chamber until absolute pressure reaches and keeps in process chamber<0.1Mpa, then Ultrasonic system is opened under a reduced pressure, to being immersed in ultrasonication 2-6 times of timber progress, obtains ultrasonically-modified wood Material；

4) after Wooden modifying treatment fluid being discharged, heating system is opened, heat temperature raising carries out at first stage heat timber Reason, wherein first stage heat-treatment medium temperature are 60-80 DEG C；

5) it after the timber first stage is heat-treated to moisture content≤30%, opens vapour system and is passed through water into process chamber Steam, and continue heat temperature raising, second stage heat treatment is carried out to timber, wherein dry to be situated between in second stage heat treatment process The dry-bulb temperature of matter>90℃；Wet-bulb temperature is 90-100 DEG C；

6) after timber second stage is heat-treated to moisture content≤10%, continue heat temperature raising, third is carried out to timber Phase heat treatment, wherein in phase III heat treatment process, the dry-bulb temperature for controlling heat-treatment medium is 120-140 DEG C；Wet bulb Temperature is 90-110 DEG C；

7) after waiting for phase III heat_treated wood, heating system and vapour system are closed, waits for that the temperature of timber reduces After to≤60 DEG C, it is again turned on vapour system, vapor is passed through into process chamber, conditioning is carried out, wherein keeping process chamber Interior medium wet-bulb depression is 1-3 DEG C, adjusts moisture content to 6-8%.

Wherein, Wooden modifying pretreatment fluid described in step 2) is water；The time of the ultrasonic pretreatment is according to wood Material thickness gauge, timber ultrasonic pretreatment 5-60min per cm, preferably 20min, i.e., according to lumber thickness meter, ultrasonic wave is pre- The time of processing is 5-60min/cm (thickness), preferably 20min/cm (thickness)；The time of ultrasonic pretreatment is 5-60min/cm (thickness), preferably 20min/cm (thickness)；The power of ultrasonic wave is 0.1-20W/cm during the ultrasonic pretreatment², preferably 5W/cm²；Frequency is 25-56kHz, preferably 40kHz.

In particular, Wooden modifying treatment fluid described in step 3) selects strong acid weak base salting liquid；The strong acid weak base salt is molten The mass concentration of liquid be 1%-50%, preferably 5%；The ultrasonically-modified number of processing under a reduced pressure is 3-4 times.

Especially, under the decompression state, ultrasonically-modified place in ultrasonically-modified processing procedure is carried out to timber every time It is according to lumber thickness meter, the ultrasonically-modified processing 0.5-3h of timber per cm to manage the time；Absolute pressure under the decompression state Power<0MPa.

Especially, the absolute pressure for carrying out decompression state in ultrasonically-modified processing procedure to timber every time is preferably 0- 0.01MPa, preferably 0.005MPa；Ultrasonically-modified processing time is according to lumber thickness meter, and timber per cm is ultrasonically-modified Processing is preferably 1h；The power of ultrasonic wave is 0.1-20W/cm², preferably 5W/cm²；Frequency is 25-56kHz, preferably 40kHz.

Wherein, first stage heat treatment temperature described in step 4 is preferably 70 DEG C；Moisture content described in step 5) is excellent It is selected as 25-30%.

In particular, in step 5) in second stage heat treatment process, it is 100- to keep the dry-bulb temperature of heat-treatment medium 130 DEG C, preferably 100-120 DEG C, further preferably 110 DEG C；And medium wet-bulb depression is 0-30 DEG C, preferably 10-25 DEG C, further preferably 10 DEG C.

Especially, it is 6-10% that timber second stage, which is heat-treated to moisture content,.

Wherein, it is 120- that the dry-bulb temperature of heat-treatment medium is kept in phase III heat treatment process described in step 6) 140 DEG C, preferably 120-130 DEG C, further preferably 120 DEG C；Medium wet-bulb temperature is 90-110 DEG C, preferably 95 DEG C.

In particular, phase III heat treatment time, according to lumber thickness meter, the treating of wood time per cm is 1-3h, excellent It is selected as 1h；Timber central temperature >=100 DEG C, preferably 100-130 DEG C.

Wherein, after Wood temperature is reduced to 50-60 DEG C in step 7), it is then turned on vapour system, water is passed through into process chamber Steam carries out conditioning.

Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：

1, the method for the present invention heat-treated wood can reach existing using high-temperature thermal treatment timber institute at a lower temperature Attainable heat treatment carbonization wood characteristics, can be not only used for indoor furniture and floor, it may also be used for timber structure, and prepare Heat-treated wood quality it is high, heat_treated wood defect is few, and dimensional stability is high, mechanical property is good, reduces energy consumption.

2, the method for the present invention controls the relative humidity in heat treatment process by the difference of wet-and-dry-bulb thermometer, avoids locating Steam is passed through during reason causes humidity in kiln inadequate very little, influences treatment effect, while also can avoid being passed through steaminess, And make steam condensation, the technological deficiency of waste of energy.

3, Wood heat treatment method of the invention includes the ultrasound pretreatment carried out first to timber under normal pressure, improves timber Permeability so that in the ultrasonically-modified processing procedure under follow-up reduced pressure, modifying agent is easier to penetrate into wood internal, reduces Heat_treated wood temperature.

4, use weakly acidic strong base weak acid salting liquid for Wooden modifying treatment fluid in Wood heat treatment method of the present invention, Wooden modifying treatment fluid stretches into wood internal, promotes wood internal water suction radical decomposition to reduce, reduces heat_treated wood temperature, Carbide wood is can be obtained under lower temperature.

And in neutral solution, wood internal water suction group could will decompose at relatively high temperatures, and be provided in the present invention Under conditions of, under the conditions of relatively low, wood internal water suction group can decompose reduction, and then improve the dimensional stability of timber, Realize catalytic heat treatment.

5, between the ultrasonically-modified processing under the adjacent reduced pressure twice of the method for the present invention, in pressure recovery to normal pressure Afterwards, the ultrasonically-modified processing of progress then is being vacuumized, when being restored to normal pressure state, Wooden modifying treatment fluid is in air Wood internal is rapidly entered under the action of pressure, improves the amount of dipping effect and maceration extract, further decomposes wood internal water suction Group reduces heat treatment temperature；

6, the method for the present invention heat treatment temperature is low, and the volatile matter of release is less；And Wood modifier is that water and strong acid are weak Alkali salt solution is inorganic modifier, does not have any pollution, the heat-treated wood Environmental Safety of preparation.

7, Wood heat treatment device of the invention is at low cost, simple in structure, and processing equipment integration, treatment process is simple, Timber is compressed using apparatus system, in supersound process, vacuumize process, heat treatment process, timber material heap is stablized, and avoids Due to the warp in wood that stress generates during heat_treated wood, the defects of bending, when timber is compacted, even if producing warpage Phenomena such as, under the fixed function of dress material component, timber still maintains smooth so that processing material is stablized, and defect is less.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram that the present invention improves heat_treated wood rate device；

Fig. 2 be in Fig. 1 along the sectional view of A-A；

Fig. 3 is that the present invention improves the dress frame of material system of heat_treated wood rate device, holddown spring, locking member, pressure The structural schematic diagram of plate；

Fig. 4 is that the present invention improves the dress frame of material system of heat_treated wood rate device, holddown spring, locking member, pressure The structure left view of plate；

Fig. 5 is the frame dimensional structure diagram for the dress material system that the present invention improves heat_treated wood rate device (in figure Illustrate frame facet, side upper side edge, reticular structure is not shown).

Reference sign

1, treating of wood room；11, cavity；111, upper cavity；112, lower cavity；12, closing door；13, modifying agent enters Mouthful；14, modifying agent exports；15, liquid level gauge；16, demarcation strip；2, ultrasonic system；21, ultrasonic transducer；22, ultrasonic wave is sent out Raw device；23, conducting wire；3, pumped vacuum systems；31, vacuum pump；32, pressure controller；33, pressure gauge；34, vacuum export mouth；4, Heating system；41, heater；42, circulating fan；43, wind deflector；5, Wood modifier；51, pretreatment fluid；52, modification Liquid；6, material system is filled；61, frame；611, frame facet A；6111, side A upper side edges；612, frame facet B；6121, side B Upper side edge；613, frame facet C；6131, side C upper side edges；614, frame facet D；6141, side D upper side edges；62, fixed Component；621, head cover；622, spring；623, pressing plate；624, fixed locking member；63, fixing leg；7, vapour system；71, steam Generator；72, jet chimney；73, steam control valve；74, steam introducing port；81, media temperature sensor；82, medium temperature Controller；83, conducting wire；9, material heap.

Specific implementation mode

The invention will now be further described with reference to specific embodiments, the advantages and features of the present invention will be with description and It is apparent.But examples are merely exemplary for these, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way.People in the art Member it should be understood that without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention can to the details of technical solution of the present invention and form into Row modifications or substitutions, but these modifications and replacement are each fallen in protection scope of the present invention.

With reference to the accompanying drawings, detailed description implements the specific embodiment of solid wood board drying means of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1, 2, what the processing unit of raising heat_treated wood rate of the invention was made of stainless steel has anti- The treating of wood room 1 of corrosiveness, ultrasonic system 2, pumped vacuum systems 3, heating system 4, Wood modifier 5, dress material system 6 With vapour system 7 and temperature-water content monitoring system composition, wherein timber of the pumped vacuum systems to treating of wood room and its inside Carry out vacuumize process；Ultrasonic system carries out ultrasonication to the indoor timber for the treatment of of wood；Heating system is at timber The indoor timber of reason provides the heat needed for heat_treated wood；Vapour system provides timber heat for the indoor timber for the treatment of of wood and steams Vapour is heat-treated.

Referring to Fig.1,2, treating of wood room 1 is made of stainless steel, and has anticorrosive effect, outside setting thermal insulation material, tool There is the effect of heat preservation；Inner treatment chamber Formation cross-section is the cavity 11 of rectangle, and the back-end closure of process chamber, front end is arranged retractable Closing door 12.Process chamber cavity is divided into upper and lower two mutually independent parts by the lower part setting metal partion (metp) 16 of process chamber, Upper cavity 111 is for placing pending timber, modifying agent, heating system, and lower cavity 112 is closed, for placing ultrasonic wave The ultrasonic transducer of processing system；Metal partion (metp) usually selects stainless steel plate.In treating of wood room left side wall (or right side wall) Middle and upper part open up modifier inlet 13, for into process chamber be added Wood modifier 5；Right side wall in treating of wood room The lower part setting of (or left side wall) exports 14, the i.e. side wall in modifier inlet opposite side for the modifying agent of modifying agent to be discharged Lower part open up modifying agent outlet；Modifying agent outlet is positioned at the lower part of demarcation strip, after modifying agent passes through demarcation strip by conduit, from Process chamber lower part is discharged.Liquid level gauge 15, the bottom of liquid level gauge is arranged in treating of wood outdoor (i.e. left and right or rear wall outside) It is arranged in the bottom of process chamber upper cavity, is located at the top of metal separator, and be connected with process chamber upper space, is used for Monitor the liquid level of modifying agent in process chamber.The mounting height of liquid level gauge bottom and the height of dress material system framework bottom are mutually fitted It answers.

Treating of wood room 1 is the cuboid of accumbency in the embodiment of the present invention, and inside has the cavity 11 of rectangular in cross-section, Cavity includes upper cavity 111 and lower cavity 112, and the shape for the treatment of of wood room is in addition to the cuboid for accumbency in the present invention Except, other any shapes are suitable for the present invention, such as cylinder, spherical shape, cube shaped etc. are suitable for the present invention.This hair The side wall laterally and vertically formed as process chamber using the forward and backward side wall of process chamber in bright embodiment；Left and right sides wall is vertical for process chamber To with the side wall that is vertically formed；It is illustrated for the plane that top and bottom are formed for process chamber vertical and horizontal.Modifying agent The left side wall in process chamber is arranged in entrance, liquid level gauge, and modifying agent outlet setting illustrates for process chamber right side wall

Ultrasonication system 2 includes ultrasonic transducer 21, supersonic generator 22, and the connection ultrasonic waves The conducting wire 23 of energy device and supersonic generator, wherein supersonic generator is arranged in the outside of process chamber 1；Ultrasonic transducer Bottom in treating of wood room is set, is located in lower cavity.Multiple ultrasonic transducers are uniformly mounted on metal partion (metp) bottom The lower surface in outside, the i.e. demarcation strip inside process chamber 1 is uniformly arranged multiple ultrasonic transducers parallel with one another, ultrasonic wave Energy converter is evenly distributed on the bottom of demarcation strip and is fitted tightly over the lower surface of demarcation strip bottom outside；Ultrasonic transducer is logical It crosses conducting wire and is connected with the supersonic generator being placed on outside treating of wood room 1, after opening supersonic generator, due to super Acoustic wave transducer and demarcation strip lower surface are in close contact, from ultrasonic wave is entered after being generated in supersonic generator by demarcation strip The liquid for managing chamber interior applies ultrasonic wave to the timber being immersed in Wood modifier, carries out ultrasonication, in entire ultrasound It has to ensure the position that the liquid level of modifying agent necessarily is greater than ultrasonic transducer in wave processing procedure；Ultrasonic wave is by wood internal Extract extraction, get through wood internal channel, and then Wood modifier is promoted to inject wood internal.

Pumped vacuum systems 3 is arranged in the outside of process chamber, including vacuum pump 31, pressure controller 32 and pressure gauge 33, takes out Vacuum system is connected with treating of wood room by vacuum export mouth 34, and vacuum export mouth is arranged in the upper for the treatment of of wood room side wall Portion (such as Fig. 1), can also set the top for being opened in process chamber, by connecting pipe successively with pressure controller, vacuum pump phase Even, it realizes and vacuumize process is carried out to treating of wood room cavity；Pressure gauge is mounted on the top of process chamber, for measuring at timber The pressure in the cavity of room is managed, that is, observes and measure the vacuum degree in the cavity for the treatment of of wood room；Pressure controller passes through connecting tube Road is connect with vacuum pump；Pressure controller is used to control the pressure for the treatment of of wood chamber interior cavity, pressure controller and vacuum pump It opens, when setting pressure less than chamber pressure, vacuum pump automatically turns on, and then reduces and handle indoor absolute pressure, when When chamber pressure reaches setting pressure, vacuum pump is stopped, and (in order to ensure to work normally, the pressure value of setting is a model It encloses, the upper limit and offline difference 0.005MPa).

Heating system 4, which is mounted on, handles indoor top, provides heat for pending timber, is used for the drying of wood and high temperature Heat treatment, including heater 41, circulating fan 42, wind deflector 43.

Heater, circulating fan and wind deflector are arranged at the top of process chamber upper cavity, and wind deflector is located at heater, follows The lower part of ring wind turbine；Heater is arranged in the both sides of circulating fan, is located at wind deflector along the both ends that process chamber length direction extends, I.e. heater is longitudinally disposed along process chamber.Circulating fan is arranged on the center line of process chamber short transverse；The peace of wind deflector Dress height is higher than the height of modifier inlet, is located at the top of modifier inlet.Wind deflector is tabular, along process chamber length side To extension, the centre position in process chamber length direction two side is set, apart from left and right sidewall certain distance, utilizes dried medium After heating, indoor free-flowing is reprocessed after circulating fan is blown.

The indoor circulating fan of present invention processing can be it is multiple, it is longitudinally evenly distributed along process chamber, be located at process chamber Longitudinal centre line is formed by along the extension of process chamber short transverse in plane.Circulating fan is opened, by the even heat of heater It is transported in the cavity of Equipment for Heating Processing, even heat is passed into timber to be heated, while will be during heat_treated wood The moisture of generation is taken away, discharge.

Wood modifier 5 includes 52 (not shown) of pretreatment fluid 51 and modification liquid, is placed sequentially at timber Chamber interior is managed, the height of modifying agent is higher than the height of material heap 9 in process chamber, usually higher than the height of material heap in process chamber at least 5cm, to ensure that pending timber is in modifying agent always.Wood modifier is empty from modifier inlet injection process chamber top Chamber, by the way that the modifying agent outlet discharge in process chamber lower cavity is arranged after modification.

Pretreatment fluid selects water (being usually distilled water or tap water)；Modification liquid selects strong acid weak base salting liquid, water Solution is in acidity.The strong acid weak base salt selective chlorination zinc, copper chloride, iron chloride, aluminum sulfate, copper sulphate etc., the strong acid weak base The mass concentration of salting liquid be 1%-50%, preferably 5%.Modifying agent from modifier inlet inject inner treatment chamber, after processing from Modifying agent outlet discharge.

Such as Fig. 3,4,5, dress material system 6 is arranged in the inside for the treatment of of wood room, for placing pending timber, including is in net Frame 61, fixation kit 62 and the fixing bracket 63 of shape structure；Wherein：

The shelf of frame cuboid made of stainless steel tube or the square bodily form, bottom surface and 3 sides reticulate Structure, upper bottom surface and another side are in open state, are known as open side in the side of open state, in reticular structure Side is known as mesh side.Open side, for being packed into timber into frame.

Fixation kit is arranged on the upper bottom surface of frame, and shape, size and frame upper bottom surface are adapted, fixation kit with Upper bottom surface is fixedly connected (such as rotation connection, hinge connection)；

Fixation kit can also be upper bottom surface of the lid conjunction in frame, and four sides are solid with four sides of fixed locking member and frame It is scheduled on together.

Fixing bracket is arranged in the bottom of frame, be fixedly connected with the bottom surface of frame (welding of bottom surface and fixing bracket, Riveting etc. modes link into an integrated entity), the weight for bearing timber and frame, and by frame support, be fixed on metal separator Upper surface and separated by a distance with demarcation strip, avoid frame from directly being come into contact in a large area with demarcation strip, be conducive to Wooden modifying Agent flows freely, and passes freely through base of frame；Fixing leg can also be the idler wheel mounted on base of frame, and frame passes through idler wheel It is supported on the top of metal partion (metp).

Open side is in the side formed using the length direction of frame and short transverse in the embodiment of the present invention, not shape It reticulates and illustrates for structure.Fixation kit then can be with the another in addition to open side top side of frame upper bottom surface Arbitrary rotation connection or hinge connection on one side in outer 3 sides (side of a length direction, two width direction sides).

If four sides of Fig. 5, frame of the present invention are respectively using the side of length direction and short transverse as frame facet A 611, frame facet B 612, wherein using side A as open side；Using the side of width direction and short transverse as frame facet C 613, frame facet D 614.Side B, C, D are in reticular structure, are mesh side；Side A is parallel with B, and side C is equal with D Row.Side is respectively side A upper side edges 6111 at the top of side A, B, C, D；Side B upper side edges 6121；Side C upper side edges 6131； Side D upper side edges 6141.

The present invention is illustrated so that side A is exploitation side as an example, other sides and so on.

The top of either side is connected in a manner of being rotatablely connected in 3 mesh sides of fixation kit and frame, or is passed through Rotating member axis pin is rotatablely connected；Or be rotatablely connected by the rotation connection component of nut, screw rod, or using in this field it is existing The rotation connection mode known connects.

Fixation kit is rotatablely connected with any one side in the top side of frame facet B, C, D or hinge connects It connects.

It is said so that fixation kit is rotatablely connected with frame facet B upper side edges 6121 as an example in the specific embodiment of the invention Bright, fixation kit can also be rotatablely connected with frame facet C upper side edges, side D upper side edges.

Fixation kit includes 1 mesh caps 621, multiple springs 622, at least 2 block pressur plates 623 and multiple fixed locking members 624, wherein：

Head cover is the rectangle made of stainless steel tube or square mesh tablet, the upper bottom of shapes and sizes and frame The shapes and sizes in face are adapted, and head cover can cover the upper bottom surface closed in frame；One side of head cover and the 3 of frame reticular structures The rotation connection of the corresponding side top side in any one of side side so that head cover along frame upper bottom surface side Top can be with free-open-close (being equivalent to a lid), and the present invention is with the top of any one side in head cover and side B, C, D Side wall is rotatablely connected, and head cover is rotatablely connected along the top of any one side in 3 reticular structure sides of frame, that is, is removed The top rotation connection of any one side, free-open-close are packed into timber in other 3 sides except open side top Afterwards, head cover is fastened, timber is fixed in frame.

Spring is arranged in the lower surface of head cover, and is divided into the arrangement of two row, one end and head cover along the length direction of head cover Lower surface be fixedly connected and (such as weld, rivet, the existing known mode that is fixedly connected is applicable in this field)；

Pressing plate is in tabular, and the length of length and head cover is adapted, and is arranged along the length direction of head cover, a block pressur plate Be fixedly connected with corresponding row spring, the upper surface of pressing plate be fixedly connected with the other end of spring (such as weld, riveting etc., The existing known mode that is fixedly connected is applicable in this field), lower surface is pressed on the top for being positioned over the timber in frame, Timber is fixed in frame, prevents timber from the changes such as warpage, cracking are moved or occurred in ultrasonication, heat treatment process Shape, and then influence the remaining mass of timber.

Spring, pressing plate are by taking the length direction along head cover is divided into the arrangement of two row as an example in the present invention, and spring is in addition to along head cover Length direction is divided into except the arrangement of two row, also can be divided into >=3 row arrangements；Spring can also be divided into along the width direction of head cover 2 row or The above arrangement.Pressing plate can also arrange other than being arranged along the length direction of head cover along the width direction of head cover, and pressing plate is along top Lid width direction arranges, then the width of the length of pressing plate and head cover is adapted；The quantity of pressing plate and the number of permutations of spring are adapted. Such as 2 row of spring point, then pressing plate is 2 pieces, is 3 pieces in pressing plate such as 3 row of spring point, and so on.

Fixed locking member is arranged in the opposite a side of head cover and frame side wall top rotation connection one side (i.e. if top The top side of lid and frame side wall B is rotatablely connected, then fixes locking member setting and connect with side wall A or side wall A, C, D in head cover Tactile side；If the top side of head cover and frame side wall C is rotatablely connected, fixes locking member and be arranged in head cover and side wall D Or the side that side wall A, B, D are in contact；Other and so on), or be arranged except head cover and the rotation connection of frame side wall top On the other three side except one side；The fixed locking member is hook, rope, wirerope etc., after lid closes fixation kit, is used Fixing piece hook catches on 1 (or 3) side of frame, or with rope, wirerope by 1 (or 3) side of head cover and frame It is fixed, realize the purpose for compressing timber.Any device that can be fixed together two objects is suitable in this field For the present invention.

The upper side edge of fixing piece and frame facet B (or side C, D) is rotatablely connected in the present invention.In specific embodiment with side The upper side edge 6121 of face B is rotatablely connected, and when head cover lid closes, head cover is adapted with frame upper bottom surface.By timber from open side wall After being packed into frame, fixation kit lid is closed, and fixed locking member hook is fixed on to the side wall A (or side wall A, C, D) of frame On, be fixed on the upper side edge 6111 of side A, other can be fixed on the upper side edge of each side or it is latticed it is lined on, Using the active force of holddown spring 63, the timber being placed in frame compresses.

If the upper side edge 6131 of fixing piece and side C is rotatablely connected, when head cover lid closes, fixed locking member hook is fixed On frame facet D (or side A, B, D)；If fixing piece with or side D upper side edge 6141 be rotatablely connected, head cover lid When conjunction, fixed locking member hook is fixed on the side wall C (or side A, B, C) of frame.

The side of head cover and the top of frame facet are connected using existing known rotation connection mode in this field, example It can be such as rotatablely connected by rotating member axis pin；Or loose-leaf connector；Or company is rotated by the rotation connection component of nut, screw rod It connects.Mode is rotatablely connected using axis pin in embodiment of the present invention.

Since frame has reticular structure so that Wood modifier, heat medium can pass freely through dress material system, dress material system The shape of system is identical as inner treatment chamber cavity, and size is less than process chamber cavity 11；The gap filled in material system is conducive to processing Liquid, dried medium circulate and recycle in entire process chamber.

The vapour system 7 that timber in high-temperature heat treatment process provides vapor is arranged in the outside of process chamber, including steams Vapour generator 71, steam connection tube road 72 and the steam control valve 73 being arranged on steam connection tube road, vapour system and timber Process chamber is connected by steam introducing port 74, and wherein steam introducing port is opened in the lower part of process chamber upper cavity, and is located at The top (i.e. the height for opening up height and being higher than the demarcation strip of steam introducing port) of demarcation strip, is sent out steam by jet chimney Raw device is connected to inner treatment chamber, and the hot steam that steam generator generates is delivered to inner treatment chamber outside process chamber, from Inner treatment chamber is sent into the lower part of process chamber upper cavity, and vapor excludes the air in dry kiln, allows timber dried Cheng Zhong, environment keeps certain humidity, and then reduces the seasoning defect drying defects such as timber crack, meanwhile, in heat treatment process, vapor will Air in dry kiln excludes, and then prevents in heat treatment process, and temperature is excessively high and burns, and to cause danger, influences Product quality.

Temperature-moisture content monitoring system, including media temperature sensor 81, medium temperature controller 82, moisture content- Temperature monitor group (i.e. temperature and moisture sensor, are not shown in figure, and are mounted on the center of material heap), conducting wire 83 and timber contain Water rate-temperature-detecting device (not shown), wherein

Media temperature sensor is mounted on the center of the side wall at left and right sides of process chamber, for measuring treating of wood room top The temperature of processing medium in cavity；Temperature sensor is connected with the temperature controller being arranged outside process chamber by conducting wire, often A temperature sensor includes dry bulb thermometer and each one of wet-bulb thermometer, measures the dry of medium, wet-bulb temperature in process chamber.

Medium temperature controller is connected by conducting wire with heater (attached to be not shown in figure), for controlling treating of wood room The temperature of cavity, when heat treatment temperature of the treating of wood indoor temperature higher than timber setting, heater stops heating；Work as timber When handling heat treatment temperature of the indoor temperature less than timber setting, heater starting heats timber, provides at timber heat Manage institute's calorific requirement.

Moisture content-temperature monitor group is mounted on the center of pending material heap, including a dry bulb thermometer and contains Water rate detector installs moisture content-temperature monitor group during material heap stacking, measures the temperature at timber center and aqueous Rate.

Moisture content-temperature monitor group is connected by conducting wire with moisture content-temperature-detecting device outside process chamber It connects, moisture content-temperature-detecting device reads the temperature and moisture content for the timber that moisture content-temperature monitor group measures.

Embodiment

1, dress material processing

1A, material heap are piled up

GB1928-91 according to national standards is sawed into the plank of certain size according to disclosed in drying of wood field Any type timber stacking form stacking.It is spaced certain thickness parting bead between adjacent two layers plank, phase in same parting bead layer It is spaced apart between adjacent two parting beads.The effect of parting bead：1) timber 2 can be entered by medium being handled in preprocessing process) after In phase heat treatment process, heat can pass to timber.

1B, fixed material heap

Material heap is positioned over by open side in the frame 61 of dress material system, fixation kit 62 is depressed, makes mesh caps Four sides contacted with the upper side edge of 4 sides of frame, and fixed locking member 624 is fixed on frame facet, passes through bullet Timber is fixed in dress material system by spring and pressing plate so that material heap is fixed together with dress material system；Then dress material system is set In the top of process chamber demarcation strip, closed closing door 12.

2, Wooden modifying is handled

2A, ultrasonic pretreatment

2A-1, modifying agent outlet is closed, opens modifier inlet, by pretreatment fluid 51 (water, usually distilled water or originally Water) process chamber upper cavity is injected by modifier inlet, and by 15 sensed water level of liquid level gauge (due to liquid level gauge bottom It is connected to inner treatment chamber, utilizes law of connected vessels), when water level is higher than material stack height at least 5cm in process chamber, stop injection Pretreatment fluid ensures that pending material is in solution always；

2A-2, supersonic generator is opened, ultrasonic transducer generates ultrasonic wave, and ultrasonic wave is carried out to timber in process chamber On the one hand pretreatment removes wood internal extract (including mainly cold water extract and hot-water extraction object), on the other hand utilizes Ultrasonic cavitation effect destroys wood internal pit membrane, is later stage modifying agent to get through the wood internal passage of water Entrance lay the first stone；Wherein：Ultrasonic power is 0.1-20W/cm², preferably 5W/cm²；Frequency is 25-56kHz, preferably 40kHz；The ultrasonic pretreatment time can be according to the thickness of timber, usually 5-60min/cm, preferably 20min/cm；

Modifying agent outlet is opened after 2A-3, ultrasonic pretreatment, and pretreatment fluid is discharged；

2B, ultrasonically-modified processing

2B-1, close modifying agent outlet, open modifier inlet, by modification liquid 52 by modifier inlet injection at It manages in room upper cavity 111, and modification liquid liquid level is detected by liquid level gauge 15, when liquid level is high higher than material heap in process chamber When spending 5cm, modifier inlet is closed, that is, stops injecting modification liquid into process chamber, ensures that pending material is in molten always In liquid；Wherein modification liquid is mainly strong acid weak base salt, hydrolysis in it is acid (include mainly zinc chloride, copper chloride, iron chloride, Aluminum sulfate, copper sulphate etc.), mass concentration 1%-50%, preferably 5%.

The effect of modifying agent：Strong acid weak base salt, hydrolysis can promote heat_treated wood process in acidity, make timber opposite Heat treatment is realized under lower temperature condition, achievees the effect that former high temperature can be only achieved.Timber in acid condition, inside Water suction group be easy to decompose, and in neutral conditions, timber could will decompose at relatively high temperatures.

2B-2, vacuum pump is opened, vacuumize process is carried out to process chamber cavity, by pressure controller so that treating of wood Absolute pressure in chamber cavity reaches and keeps<0.1MPa (absolute pressure is usually 0-0.1MPa, preferably 0-0.01MPa, It is preferred that 0.005MPa)；Keeping pressure<(absolute pressure is usually 0-0.1MPa to 0.1MPa, preferably 0-0.01MPa, preferably Under conditions of 0.005MPa), while supersonic generator is opened, carrying out the ultrasonic wave under vacuum state to timber in process chamber changes Property processing, wherein ultrasonic power 0.1-20W/cm²(preferably 5W/cm²)；Frequency is 25-56kHz (preferably 40kHz)；Vacuum Ultrasonically-modified processing time under state is calculated as 0.5-3h/cm (preferably 1h/cm), i.e., thickness per cm by rear plank per cm Timber is spent to keep being ultrasonically treated 0.5-3h (preferably 1h).

The purpose vacuumized is：The air of wood internal is taken away, wood internal channel is further got through, the later stage is promoted to change The injection of property agent；Indoor pressure is handled by pressure gauge observable, chamber pressure can control by pressure controller.It opens The purpose for opening ultrasonication is on the one hand to improve its permeability to the further modification of timber, on the other hand utilizes ultrasound Wood modifier is injected wood internal by wave effect.

2B-3, under vacuum-pumping conditions, ultrasonically-modified after treatment open modifier inlet, in processing intraventricular pressure Power is again switched off modifier inlet after restoring normal pressure；

When environment is vacuum state (vacuum be finger pressure be less than an atmospheric pressure), wood internal and environmental pressure compared with It is low, when being restored to normal pressure, modifying agent is re-injected into wood internal by ambient pressure.

2B-4, repeat step 2B-2,2B-3 processing 1-5 time (preferably 2-3 time) after, opening modifying agent export, will handle Indoor Wooden modifying treatment fluid emptying.

3, heat_treated wood

3A, after Wooden modifying treatment fluid is discharged, heater and circulating fan, to timber carry out first stage heat at Reason (be dried), and indoor temperature will be handled by media temperature sensor and medium temperature controller and increase and remain 60 DEG C -80 DEG C (preferably 70 DEG C)；The wind speed of circulating fan is 1-3m/s (preferably 2m/s)；

3B, under conditions of keep medium temperature is 60 DEG C -80 DEG C (preferably 70 DEG C), pass through the inspection of moisture content-temperature The moisture content that instrument group measures pending timber is surveyed, the first stage is heat-treated to moisture content≤30% (preferably 25-30%) When, steam generator and steam control valve are opened, the vapor of heat is passed through in the indoor cavity of processing, while continuing heating and rising Temperature improve process chamber in heat-treatment medium dry-bulb temperature and be maintained at 90 DEG C or more (usually 100-130 DEG C, preferably 100- 120 DEG C, further preferably 110 DEG C), the second stage heat treatment under aqueous vapor shielded is carried out, wherein：Carrying out second stage In heat treatment process, the wet-bulb temperature for controlling heat-treatment medium is 90-100 DEG C, preferably 90-95 DEG C；Wet-bulb depression is 0-30 DEG C (preferably 10-25 DEG C, further preferably 10 DEG C)；

Wherein, wet-and-dry-bulb thermometer can be adjusted by the unlatching of steam generator 51 and valve 53, when wet and dry bulb temperature When degree difference is more than 0-30 DEG C (preferably 10-25 DEG C, further preferably 10 DEG C), opens steam generator and carry out humidification process.

In 3C, the second stage heat treatment process under aqueous vapor shielded, surveyed by moisture content-temperature monitor group The moisture content and timber central temperature at timber center are determined, until second stage is heat-treated to moisture content≤10% (preferably 6-10%, further preferably 6-8%) after, it is further continued for heat temperature raising, the dry-bulb temperature of heat-treatment medium increases in process chamber And be maintained under conditions of 120-140 DEG C (preferably 120-130 DEG C, further preferably 120 DEG C), carry out phase III heat It handles (i.e. isothermal holding), wherein control medium wet-bulb temperature as 90-110 DEG C (preferably 95 DEG C), and timber central temperature >=100 DEG C (preferably 105-130 DEG C, further preferably 100-110 DEG C are still more preferably 110 DEG C), when isothermal holding Between for 1-3h/cm (preferably 1h/cm), i.e., the isothermal holding time according to every centimeter of thickness isothermal holding 1-3h of timber (preferably 1h)。

4, conditioning

After phase III is heat-treated, heater, steam generator and steam control valve are closed, stops heating and to place Reason interior is passed through vapor, when Wood temperature is reduced to≤60 DEG C (preferably 50-60 DEG C), is passed through water into process chamber again Steam, it is 1-3 DEG C to keep medium wet-bulb depression in process chamber, and wood surface absorbs moisture, conditioning is carried out, by timber Moisture content is adjusted to 6-8% to get heat-treated wood.

Handled timber is using China fir, poplar in the embodiment of the present invention, wherein China fir picks up from Guangxi, and average air is done close Degree is 0.60g/cm³, moisture content is 85-90% or so；Poplar picks up from Beijing, and average air-dry density is 0.43g/cm³, moisture content For 85-90%；It is respectively 4500mm (length) × 400mm (width) × 30mm (thickness direction) that size, which is made, in China fir and poplar Plank, GB1928-91 sawings according to national standards.

Embodiment 1

1, dress material processing

1A, material heap are piled up

The fir wood plank of 4500mm × 400mm × 30mm (length × width x thickness) will be sawed into according to institute in drying of wood field Disclosed any type timber stacking form stacking.It is 30mm that a layer thickness is spaced between adjacent both sides Chinese fir board, and width is The parting bead of 25mm, the spacing in same layer parting bead layer between adjacent two parting beads is 500mm, and parting bead is apart from panel length The distance of two end faces in direction is 50mm；

Parting bead selects thickness for 30mm in inventive embodiments, is illustrated for the parting bead that width is 25mm, other sizes It is 30 ± 5mm in thickness, width is that the parting bead of 25 ± 5mm is also applied for the present invention.

1B, fixed material heap

China fir material heap is positioned over to the inside of the frame of dress material system, fixation kit 62 is depressed, makes four sides of mesh caps It is contacted with the upper side edge of 4 sides of frame, and fixed locking member 624 is fixed on frame facet, pass through spring and pressure Timber is fixed in dress material system by plate so that material heap is fixed together with dress material system；Then dress material system is placed in processing The top of room demarcation strip, closed closing door 12.

2, Wooden modifying is handled

2A, ultrasonic pretreatment

2A-1, modifying agent outlet is closed, opens modifier inlet, 51 distilled water of pretreatment fluid is injected to the cavity of process chamber Upper cavity 111, and pass through 15 sensed water level of liquid level gauge, when water level is higher than material stack height 5cm in process chamber, stop note Enter, ensures that pending material is immersed in solution always；

2A-2, ultrasonic system (opening supersonic generator, ultrasonic transducer) is opened, generates ultrasonic wave to processing Indoor timber carries out ultrasonic pretreatment, wherein：Ultrasonic power is 5W/cm²；Frequency is 40kHz；The ultrasonic pretreatment time 60min, based on lumber thickness per cm, the timber ultrasonic pretreatment time is 20min/cm (thickness)；

2B, ultrasonically-modified processing

2B-1, modifying agent outlet is closed, opens modifier inlet, modification liquid 52 is injected to the upper of the cavity of process chamber In portion's cavity, and modification liquid liquid level is detected by liquid level gauge, when liquid level is higher than material stack height 5cm in process chamber, closed Modifier inlet stops injection modification liquid, ensures that pending material is immersed in solution always；Wherein modification liquid is chlorine Change zinc solution, mass percent concentration 5%.

Modification liquid is illustrated by taking liquor zinci chloridi as an example in the embodiment of the present invention.Modification liquid is dense in addition to quality Degree is except 5% liquor zinci chloridi, other concentration 1-50% is also applied for the present invention, and other than liquor zinci chloridi, other are strong Sour weak base salting liquid is also applied for the present invention, such as copper chloride, iron chloride, aluminum sulfate, copper-bath etc., and modification liquid is molten The mass concentration of liquid be 1%-50%, preferably 5%.

2B-2, vacuum pump is opened, vacuumize process is carried out to process chamber cavity, by pressure controller so that treating of wood The absolute pressure of chamber cavity reaches and remains 0.005MPa；Ultrasonic wave is opened under conditions of keeping pressure to be 0.005MPa System carries out the ultrasonically-modified processing under vacuum state, wherein ultrasonic power 5W/cm to timber in process chamber²；Frequently Rate is 40kHz；Ultrasonically-modified processing time under vacuum state is 3h, and based on lumber thickness per cm, timber ultrasonic wave changes Property processing time be 1h/cm (thickness)；

After 2B-3, ultrasonically-modified processing 3h under vacuum conditions, modifier inlet is opened, chamber pressure is restored Modifier inlet is again switched off after normal pressure；

2B-4, after repeating the processing 2 times of step 2B-2,2B-3, modifying agent outlet is opened, indoor Wooden modifying will be handled Treatment fluid empties, wherein under conditions of it is 0.005MPa to keep pressure, when ultrasonically-modified processing under each vacuum state Between be 3h, ultrasonic treatment time 3h, based on lumber thickness per cm, timber ultrasonically-modified processing time be 1h/cm (thickness)；The total time of ultrasonically-modified processing under wood vacuum state is 9h, and the total time of ultrasonication is 9h.

3, heat_treated wood

3A, after Wooden modifying treatment fluid is discharged, heater and circulating fan, to timber carry out first stage heat at Reason (be dried), and indoor temperature will be handled by media temperature sensor and medium temperature controller and increase and remain 70℃；The wind speed of circulating fan is 2m/s；

3B, under conditions of keep medium temperature is 70 DEG C, measured by moisture content-temperature monitor group pending The moisture content of timber, the first stage is heat-treated to moisture content when being 30%, opens steam generator and steam control valve, will The vapor of heat is passed through in the indoor cavity of processing, while continuing heat temperature raising, the dry bulb temperature of heat-treatment medium in process chamber Under conditions of degree increases and remains 110 DEG C, the second stage heat treatment under aqueous vapor shielded is carried out, wherein：Carrying out second During phase heat treatment, the dry-bulb temperature for controlling heat-treatment medium is 110 DEG C, and wet-bulb temperature is 90 DEG C, and keeps being heat-treated The wet-bulb depression of medium is 20 DEG C；

In 3C, the second stage heat treatment process under aqueous vapor shielded, surveyed by moisture content-temperature monitor group Determine the moisture content and timber central temperature at timber center, until second stage be heat-treated to moisture content be 10%, then after Continuous heat temperature raising improves the temperature of heat-treatment medium in process chamber, carries out phase III heat treatment (i.e. isothermal holding), wherein protects The dry-bulb temperature for holding medium is 120 DEG C, and under conditions of wet-bulb temperature is 95 DEG C, phase III heat treatment time is 3h, i.e. third Phase heat treatment (isothermal holding) time, phase III heat treatment time was 1h/cm (thickness) according to lumber thickness meter per cm, and Timber central temperature is 110 DEG C.

4, conditioning

After phase III is heat-treated, closes heater and stop heating, simultaneously close off steam generator and automatic steam control Valve stops being passed through vapor into process chamber, when Wood temperature is reduced to 60 DEG C, is passed through vapor again into process chamber, It is 2 DEG C to keep the wet-bulb depression of medium in thermal chamber, and wood surface absorbs moisture, carries out conditioning, timber is contained Water rate is adjusted to 7% to get heat-treated wood, subsequently heat-treated timber kiln discharge.

Embodiment 2

In addition to step 2A-2) in ultrasonic power be 0.1W/cm²；Frequency is 56kHz；The ultrasonic pretreatment time 180min, based on lumber thickness, the timber ultrasonic pretreatment time is 60min/cm (thickness)；Step 2B-1) in modification liquid The zinc chloride for being 15% for mass concentration；Step 2B-2) in process chamber absolute pressure remain 0.01MPa；Ultrasonic power For 0.1 W/cm²；Frequency is 56kHz；1.5h between ultrasonically-modified processing under vacuum state, based on lumber thickness, timber is true Ultrasonically-modified processing time under dummy status is 0.5h/cm (thickness)；Step 2B-4) in repeat step 2B-2), 2B-3) processing 3 It is secondary；Ultrasonically-modified processing time under each vacuum state is 1.5h, ultrasonic treatment time 1.5h, by timber per cm Thickness gauge, timber ultrasonically-modified processing time are 0.5h/cm (thickness)；Ultrasonically-modified processing under wood vacuum state it is total Time is 2h, and the total time of ultrasonication is 2h；

In addition to step 3A) in first stage heat treatment process processing indoor temperature increase and remain 80 DEG C；Circulated air The wind speed of machine is 1m/s；Step 3B) in, the first stage is heat-treated to when moisture content is 25% and opens steam generator and steaming Vapor is passed through in the indoor cavity of processing by vapour control valve, in second stage heat treatment process, controls the dry of heat-treatment medium Ball temperature is 120 DEG C, and wet-bulb temperature is 95 DEG C, and it is 25 DEG C to keep the wet-bulb depression of heat-treatment medium；Step 3C) in Two-stage be heat-treated to moisture content be 6% when, heat temperature raising improve medium temperature, carry out phase III heat treatment, wherein It is 130 DEG C to keep the dry-bulb temperature of heat-treatment medium, and wet-bulb temperature is 110 DEG C, and phase III heat treatment time is 3h, i.e. third The phase heat treatment time, the thick timber isothermal holding time per cm was 1h/cm (thickness) according to lumber thickness meter；Phase III is handled Timber central temperature is 105 DEG C in the process.

In addition to when Wood temperature is reduced to 60 DEG C in step 4), being passed through vapor again into process chamber, heat treatment is kept The wet-bulb depression of indoor medium is 1 DEG C, waits for that moisture content is adjusted to except 6%, remaining is same as Example 1.

Embodiment 3

In addition to step 2A-2) in ultrasonic power be 20W/cm²；Frequency is 25kHz；Ultrasonic pretreatment time 15min, Based on lumber thickness, the timber ultrasonic pretreatment time is 5min/cm (thickness)；Step 2B-1) in modification liquid be quality it is dense The zinc chloride that degree is 1%；Step 2B-2) in process chamber absolute pressure remain 0.005MPa；Ultrasonic power is 20 W/ cm²；Frequency is 25kHz；Ultrasonically-modified processing time 9h under vacuum state, based on lumber thickness, under wood vacuum state Ultrasonically-modified processing time be 3h/cm (thickness)；Step 2B-4) in repeat step 2B-2), 2B-3) processing 2 times；It is true every time Ultrasonically-modified processing time under dummy status is 9h, ultrasonic treatment time 9h, and based on lumber thickness per cm, timber is super The sound wave modification time is 3h/cm (thickness)；The total time of ultrasonically-modified processing under wood vacuum state is 27h, ultrasound The total time of wave processing is 27h；

In addition to step 3A) in first stage heat treatment process processing indoor temperature increase and remain 60 DEG C；Circulated air The wind speed of machine is 3m/s；Step 3B) in, the first stage is heat-treated to when moisture content is 30% and opens steam generator and steaming Vapor is passed through in the indoor cavity of processing by vapour control valve, in second stage heat treatment process, controls the dry of heat-treatment medium Ball temperature is 100 DEG C, and wet-bulb temperature is 90 DEG C, and it is 10 DEG C to keep the wet-bulb depression of heat-treatment medium；Step 3C) in Two-stage be heat-treated to moisture content be 8% when, heat temperature raising improve medium temperature, carry out phase III heat treatment, wherein It is 120 DEG C to keep the dry-bulb temperature of heat-treatment medium, and wet-bulb temperature is 95 DEG C, and phase III heat treatment time is 9h, i.e. third The phase heat treatment time, the thick timber isothermal holding time per cm was 3h/cm (thickness) according to lumber thickness meter；At phase III heat Timber central temperature is 100 DEG C during reason.

In addition to when Wood temperature is reduced to 50 DEG C, being passed through vapor in step 4) again into process chamber, keep at heat The wet-bulb depression of the indoor medium of reason is 3 DEG C, waits for that moisture content is adjusted to except 8%, remaining is same as Example 1.

Reference examples 1

It is to carry out the fir wood plank of any processing example 1 as a contrast with embodiment 1.

Reference examples 2

1, dress material processing

By timber same as Example 1 according to the same manner as in Example 1 stacking in dry kiln.

2, heater and circulating fan are opened, conventional drying processing is carried out to timber according to drying process, and timber is contained Water rate is dried to 10% or less.

Existing common heat treatment is higher due to treatment temperature, it is necessary to assure the moisture content of timber is less than before heat treatment 10%, no person will produce the major defects such as cracking

3, steam generator and steam control valve are opened, steam, while heater and cycle are passed through into dry kiln Wind turbine is heat-treated timber, when Kimura's temperature reaches 180 DEG C, and according to timber thickness under conditions of to keep temperature be 180 DEG C Spend the time of heat treatment 1h per cm, processing timber 3h.

4, after treatment, close heater, when Wood temperature is reduced to 60 DEG C, to wood internal be passed through water vapour into Row conditioning, allow timber absorb moisture, moisture content adjust to when 6-8% to get normative heat treatment timber.

1 wood dimensional stability of test example

GB/T 1934.2-2009 according to national standards《Method for determination of the swelling of wood》Measure embodiment 1, reference examples 1,2 Plank dimensional stability, measure timber from it is absolutely dry stablize to moisture absorption when bulking factor, test result is as shown in table 1, wherein The calculation formula of bulking factor is as follows：

α_max=(L_max–L₀)/L₀×100

In formula：α_max--- when sample moisture absorption to dimensionally stable, radial or tangential line bulking factor, %；

L_max--- when sample moisture absorption to dimensionally stable, radial or tangential size, mm；

L₀--- when sample is absolutely dry, radial or tangential size, mm.

The testing result of 1 bulking factor of table

1 test result of table shows：

1, the dimensional stability of the processed timber of the method for the present invention is significantly improved, and radial bulking factor is only 0.95%, tangential bulking factor is only 1.98%, radial to be substantially reduced with tangential relative to untreated material；It is conventional hot with using Carbonized wood prepared by processing method is compared, and radial bulking factor is lower.

2, the dimensional stability of timber prepared by the method for the present invention and the dimensional stability for directly using 180 DEG C of processing timber It is similar, and heat_treated wood temperature of the present invention is only 130 DEG C, illustrates processing through the invention, can substantially reduce timber The temperature of high-temperature heat treatment, this is beneficial for the reduction of the input and cost of equipment.

3, the timber handled using the method for the present invention can be effectively improved wood dimensional stability, further expand timber Application range, to the efficient using being of great significance of timber.

2 timberphysics Mechanics Performance Testing of test example

GB/T 1928-2009 according to national standards《General requiements for physical and mechnical tests of wood》Measure embodiment 1, control The physical and mechanical property of the plank of example 1,2, test result are as shown in table 2.

Type	Elasticity modulus (MPa)	Static bending strength (MPa)
			Embodiment 1	6071	52.01
Reference examples 2	5542	47.56
			Reference examples 1	6001	52.12

From Table 2, it can be seen that after being handled using 180 DEG C in reference examples 2, compared with embodiment 1 and reference examples 1, elasticity The mechanical property and reference examples 1 for the carbonized wood that modulus and static bending strength are reduced significantly, and be thermally treated resulting in using the method for the present invention It is essentially identical, do not reduce, and it is significantly higher than reference examples 2, the Wood mechanical property of the method for the present invention processing remains intact, this hair Bright method heat-treated wood is small to the Effect on Mechanical Properties of timber.

In conclusion illustrating that treatment effect of the present invention can reach the dimensional stability effect for the high-temperature process for not handling material Fruit, and mechanical property is basically unchanged.

Claims

1. a kind of method improving heat_treated wood rate, characterized in that include the following steps：

1) timber is soaked in Wooden modifying pretreatment fluid, ultrasonic pretreatment is then carried out under normal pressure state to timber, Obtain ultrasonic pretreatment timber；

2) ultrasonic pretreatment timber is soaked in Wooden modifying treatment fluid, ultrasound then is carried out to timber under a reduced pressure Wavefront modifier is handled 2-6 times, obtains ultrasonically-modified timber；

3) ultrasonically-modified timber is heat-treated, obtains heat-treated wood.

2. the method as described in claim 1, characterized in that Wooden modifying pretreatment fluid described in step 1) is water.

3. the method as described in claim 1, characterized in that the time of ultrasonic pretreatment described in step 1) is according to timber Thickness gauge, timber ultrasonic pretreatment 5-60min per cm.

4. the method as described in claim 1, characterized in that Wooden modifying treatment fluid described in step 2) selects strong acid weak base salt Solution.

5. method as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the strong acid weak base salt selective chlorination zinc, copper chloride, iron chloride, Aluminum sulfate, copper sulphate.

6. the method as described in claim 1, characterized in that described in step 2) under a reduced pressure, carried out every time to timber Ultrasonically-modified processing time is according to lumber thickness meter, the ultrasonically-modified place of timber per cm in ultrasonically-modified processing procedure Manage 0.5-3h；Absolute pressure under the decompression state<0MPa.

7. the method as described in claim 1, characterized in that heat treatment described in step 3) includes the following steps：

After 3B) being heat-treated to moisture content≤30% to the timber first stage, it is passed through vapor, under aqueous vapor shielded, after Continuous heat temperature raising, carries out second stage heat treatment；

After 3C) timber second stage is heat-treated to moisture content≤10%, continue heat temperature raising, the phase III is carried out to timber Heat treatment.

8. the method for claim 7, characterized in that step 3B) in second stage heat treatment process, keep heat at Manage the dry-bulb temperature of medium>90℃；Wet-bulb temperature is 90-100 DEG C.

9. the method as described in claim 1, characterized in that further include that step 4) carries out conditioning to heat-treated wood, wait for After heat-treated wood temperature is reduced to≤60 DEG C, it is passed through vapor, adjusts moisture content to 6-8%.

10. a kind of heat-treated wood, characterized in that be prepared according to such as any the methods of claim 1-9.