CN104402718B - 一种手性烯丙酯类化合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种手性烯丙酯类化合物及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN104402718B
CN104402718B CN201410625251.9A CN201410625251A CN104402718B CN 104402718 B CN104402718 B CN 104402718B CN 201410625251 A CN201410625251 A CN 201410625251A CN 104402718 B CN104402718 B CN 104402718B
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赵晓明
刘海征
张敏
蔡君美
郑璞睿
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种手性烯丙酯类化合物及其制备方法,所述的手性烯丙酯类化合物的结构式如下:

Description

一种手性烯丙酯类化合物及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于有机化学合成技术领域,涉及一种手性烯丙酯类化合物及其制备方法,尤其涉及一种以手性铱络合物作为催化剂,通过烯丙基卤化物及羧酸盐高区域选择性和高对映选择性合成手性烯丙基酯类化合物的方法。
背景技术
手性烯丙酯及其水解产物手性烯丙醇类化合物是一类高生物活性的化合物。作为众多有机化合物的重要片段,广泛应用于有机化学、医药、农药、化工等领域。
目前,手性烯丙酯主要通过动力学拆分来制备(Y.Gao,R.M.Hanson,J.M.Klunder,H.Masamune,K.B.Sharpless,J.Am.Chem.Soc.1987,109,5165-5180)。通过不对称催化的方法直接合成光学纯的烯丙酯的研究数量不多。
2010年,Onitsuka报道了钌催化烯丙基氯作底物的烯丙基化反应,高效获得手性烯丙酯(N.Kanbayashi,K.J.Onitsuka,Am.Chem.Soc.2010,132,1206-1207),然而,该反应的催化剂制备需要10步以上的精细操作,严重妨碍了其实际应用。钌催化剂的制备参考:(a)Hatanaka,M.et al.J.Chem.Soc.,Perkin Trans.1993,19,2269.(b)Komatsuzaki,N.etal.Chem.Lett.1996,8,677.(c)Dodo,N.et al.J.Chem.Soc.,Dalton Trans.2000,35,734.(d)Matsushima,Y.et al.Bull.Chem.Soc.Jpn.2001,73,527.(e)Trost,B.M.et al.Asimplified version of the Onitsuka catalyst and a few examples ofesterification with aryl allyl substrates,which gave 88-93%ee.J.Am.Chem.Soc.2013,135,18697。2005年起,Overman就钯催化下烯丙基三氯乙酰亚胺酯作底物的烯丙基化反应进行了报道。然而,该方法仅适用于顺式烯丙基三氯乙酰亚胺酯底物,Sp2杂化的诸如芳基、烯基等底物均不适用,从而使该类反应具有较大的局限性((a)Kirsch,S.F.;Overman,L.E.J.Am.Chem.Soc.2005,127,2866.(b)Cannon,J.S;.Kirsch,S.F.;Overman,L.E.J.Am.Chem.Soc.2010,132,15185)。
该领域的研究较少的原因主要在于,烯丙基化反应所得产物烯丙酯具有较高的反应活性。由于酯基是常见的离去基团,反应的产物也可作为烯丙基化反应的原料,进一步参与反应,严重降低反应的产率及对映选择性(Qu,J.P.;Roβber,L.;Helmchen,G.J.Am.Chem.Soc.2014,136,1272)。
最近,Helmchen首次报道了利用单取代的的烯丙基磷酸酯底物,在铱催化的条件下,通过烯丙基化反应制备手性烯丙酯的反应方法(Qu,J.P.;Roβber,L.;Helmchen,G.J.Am.Chem.Soc.2014,136,1272)。然而,与之前的研究相同,对于反应活性更高的烯丙基卤化物作底物时,反应难以获得理想的对映选择性,例如,烯丙基氯作底物时光学纯度仅为57%((a)Bartels,B.;Yebra,C.;Rominger,F.Helmchen,G.Eur.J.Inorg.Chem.2002,34,2569.(b)Madrahimovand,S.T.;Hartwig,J.F.J.Am.Chem.Soc.2012,134,8136)。
由此可见,现有的烯丙酯的不对称催化合成方法,不仅目标产物收率低,而且目标产物的光学纯度也低,因此难于规模化应用。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是为了克服上述现有技术存在的缺陷而提供一种新型手性烯丙酯类化合物的不对称催化合成方法,即在新型铱络合物催化体系的催化条件下,通过烯丙基卤化物和羧酸盐的不对称烯丙基化反应,来制备手性烯丙酯类化合物。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案来实现:
一种手性烯丙酯类化合物,该化合物的分子式如下:
其中*为手性碳原子,R1选自C1-C16的烷基或C4-C10的含N、O、S的杂环基或C4-C10的含N、O、S的杂芳基或芳基,R2选自H或C1-C17的烷基或C2-C10的烯基或C2-C10的炔基或C4-C10的含N、O、S的杂环基或C4-C10的含N、O、S的杂芳基或芳基。
所述的芳基是苯基或萘基。
一种手性烯丙酯类化合物的制备方法,该方法是在有机溶剂中,无水无氧的条件下,以羧酸盐和烯丙基卤化物为原料,加入以铱络合物与配体作用生成的铱催化剂,并加入添加剂,控制反应温度为0~120℃,反应1~36h,分离,即制备得到手性烯丙酯类化合物;
反应式如下:
其中,L为手性配体,Add.为各种添加剂及组合,Sol.为有机溶剂,T为反应温度,X为卤素原子;
所述的烯丙基卤化物的结构式如下:
其中R1任意选自C1-C16的烷基或C4-C10的含N、O、S的杂环基或C4-C10的含N、O、S的杂芳基或芳基;X任意选自F或Cl或Br或I;
所述的羧酸盐为亲核试剂,其结构式为R2COOM,其中R2任意选自H或C1-C17的烷基或C2-C10的烯基或C2-C10的炔基或C4-C10的含N、O、S的杂环基或C4-C10的含N、O、S的杂芳基或芳基;所述的芳基是苯基或萘基;M为元素周期表中第一主族的碱金属及第二主族的碱土金属;
所述的烯丙基卤化物、羧酸盐、铱催化剂、添加剂的摩尔比为(1~2)∶1∶(0.01~0.04)∶(1~5)。
所述的手性烯丙酯类化合物通过精馏、萃取、结晶、树脂吸附、膜分离、薄层层析、柱层析或减压蒸馏的方法来分离。
所述的薄层层析、柱层析采用的展开剂为非极性溶剂与极性溶剂的混合溶剂,其体积比为(30~100)∶1,优选石油醚/乙酸乙酯=(30~100)∶1,石油醚/二氯甲烷=(30~60)∶1。
所述的铱催化剂是通过在有机溶剂中,0~120℃,以过渡金属铱络合物、配体及添加剂为原料,搅拌反应0.2h~2h制备而成;
所述的过渡金属铱络合物为氯化铱、羰基二(三苯基膦)氯化铱、1,5-环辛二烯氯化铱二聚体、1,5-环辛二烯(H5-茚)铱、二苯并1,5-环辛二烯氯化铱二聚体、酰二氢三(三苯基膦)铱中的任意一种;
所述的配体为光学纯配体L或光学纯配体,结构式如下:
或其对映异构体;
所述的过渡金属铱络合物、配体及添加剂的摩尔比为1∶(1~3)∶(1~5)。
所述的有机溶剂为甲苯、二甲基亚砜、二氯甲烷、四氢呋喃、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、二氧六环或乙腈中的一种或几种的组合。
所述的添加剂选自1,4-二氮杂二环[2.2.2]辛烷、1,8-二氮杂二环[5.4.0]十一碳-7-烯、磷酸钾、氯化钾、氯化锂、氯化钠、碳酸铯、氟化铯、氯化铯、氯化锂、溴化银或四正丁基氟化铵中的一种或几种的组合以及NR3R4结构的氨类;所述的NR3R4结构的氨类中的R3选自C1-C18的烷基,R4选自H或C1-C18烷基。
所述的铱催化剂直接用于催化烯丙基化反应或加入银盐制成稳定的烯丙基络合物,所述的银盐为AgBF4或AgF6Sb。
实验过程中获得了催化活性中间体,对其的结构分析表明,其与氮原子相连的苯环上Sp2杂化的氢发生了活化,插入金属铱中,形成了新的催化中间体,结构式如下:
进而能够克服在原有铱催化条件下,活泼的烯丙基卤化物作底物时,反应产率低、对映选择性差的问题,取得了良好的产率、区域及对映选择性。
本发明合成的手性烯丙基酯类化合物是众多有机化合物的重要片段,广泛应用于有机化学、医药、农药、化工等领域,例如,可以用于制备(S)-1-异丙基烯丙基正丁酯等未见报道的新化合物;采用含有不饱和键的亲核试剂,可以通过烯烃复分解反应关环,制备含有手性环状内酯的各类有机结构;还可以直接用于手性保留的烯丙基化反应,构筑多样的手性中心。
本发明提供了以全新的过渡金属铱络合物作为催化剂,由羧酸盐亲核试剂和烯丙基卤化物发生烯丙基化反应,高效合成烯丙基酯类化合物的方法。首次实现了过渡金属铱催化体系下,活泼的烯丙基卤化物作底物的不对称烯丙基化反应。催化剂易得、催化活性高、条件温和、底物适用范围广,具有广阔的应用前景。
本发明开发了新颖的铱催化体系,合成了一系列现有方法难以制备的新型烯丙酯类化合物,克服了铱催化条件下活泼的烯丙基卤化物作底物时,反应的产率低、对映选择性差的问题。
与现有技术相比,本发明的制备方法具有产率高、区域选择性好、对映选择性高等特点,可用于含手性烯丙酯基团的化合物的合成,为药物及天然产物的合成提供了新的合成方法,同时,酯基水解所得的光学纯的烯丙醇是重要的活性结构,也可作为中间体进行一系列转化;另外,手性烯丙酯是烯丙基化反应中最为常见的反应底物,可将其进行多样的转化,从而丰富了有机合成方法学的研究进展。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。
新型铱络合物催化体系下,烯丙基卤化物与羧酸盐的不对称烯丙基化反应,其反应方程式为:
式中,Add.为添加剂,Sol.为溶剂,T为温度。当R1、R2不同时,具体实施例如下:
实施例1:
在一干燥的氩气保护的反应管内,依次加入二苯并1,5-环辛二烯氯化铱二聚体0.002mmol、手性配体L 0.004mmol、1,4-二氮杂二环[2.2.2]辛烷0.002mmol和二氧六环1mL,30℃下反应0.2h,制备得到铱催化剂。
向催化体系中加入醋酸钾0.2mmol,再加入烯丙基卤化物0.22mmol、KCl 0.2mmol、THF 2.0mL,室温搅拌6h,反应结束后,过硅藻土砂芯,减压除去溶剂,产物经柱层析得到目标产物1(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=40/1)。
目标产物1:(S)-1-苯基烯丙基乙酯
黄色液体,91%收率,94%ee[手性柱OJ-H(0.46cm x 25cm);正己烷/异丙醇=95/5;流速=0.6mL/min;检测波长=214nm;tR=21.012(minor),23.24l(major)min]。
HRMS(ESI+)calcd for C11H12NaO2[M+Na]+:199.0735,Found:199.0733.
实施例2:
在一干燥的氩气保护的反应管内,依次加入1,5-环辛二烯(H5-茚)铱0.001mmol、手性配体L 0.002mmol、异丙胺0.002mmol和四氢呋喃1mL,40℃下反应0.4h。
向催化体系中加入醋酸钾0.2mmol,再加入烯丙基卤化物0.4mmol、CsCl 0.2mmol、乙醚2.0mL,室温搅拌2h,反应结束后,过滤,再经蒸馏除低沸物即得到目标产物2。
目标产物2:(S)-1-对甲氧基苯基烯丙基乙酯
黄色液体,92%收率,95%ee[手性柱OJ-H(0.46cm x 25cm);正己烷/异丙醇=95/5;流速=0.6mL/min;检测波长=214nm;tR=18.12(minor),19.24(major)min]。
HRMS(ESI+)calcd for C11H12NaO2[M+Na]+:229.0841,Found:229.0844.
实施例3:
在一干燥的氩气保护的反应管内,依次加入1,5-环辛二烯氯化铱二聚体0.0015mmol、手性配体L 0.003mmol、1,8-二氮杂二环[5.4.0]十一碳-7-烯0.003mmol和THF1.5mL,80℃下反应0.5h。
向催化体系中加入醋酸钠0.2mmol,再加入烯丙基卤化物0.4mmol、CsF 0.2mmol、乙腈2.0mL,120℃搅拌2h,反应结束后,过硅藻土砂芯,减压除去溶剂,加5mL环己烷在5℃下重结晶即得到目标产物3。
目标产物3:(S)-1-对甲基苯基烯丙基乙酯
无色液体,93%收率,91%ee[手性柱OJ-H(0.46cm x 25cm);正己烷/异丙醇=95/5;流速=0.6mL/min:检测波长=214nm;1R=11.52(minor),12.93(major)min]。
HRMS(ESI+)calcd for C11H12NaO2[M+Na]+:213.0891,Found:213.0864.
实施例4:
在一干燥的氩气保护的反应管内,依次加入三氯化铱0.002mmol、手性配体L0.004mmol、正丁胺2mL和THF 1mL,40℃下反应0.5h。
向催化体系中加入醋酸钾0.2mmol,再加入烯丙基卤化物0.4mmol、CsCl 0.2mmol、甲苯2.0mL,10℃搅拌12h,反应结束后,过硅藻土砂芯,减压除去溶剂,产物经柱层析得到目标产物4(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=80/1)。
目标产物4:(S)-1-间溴苯基烯丙基乙酯
黄色液体,83%收率,89%ee[手性柱OJ-H(0.46cm x 25cm);正己烷/异丙醇=95/5;流速=0.6mL/min:检测波长=214nm;tR=10.12(minor),12.24(major)min]。
HRMS(ESI+)calcd for C11H12NaO2[M+Na]+:276.9840,Found:276.9900.
实施例5:
在一干燥的氩气保护的反应管内,依次加入酰二氢三(三苯基膦)铱0.001mmol、手性配体L 0.003mmol、异丙胺2mL和THF 1mL,90℃下反应1.5h。
向催化体系中加入醋酸钾0.2mmol,再加入烯丙基卤化物0.4mmol、LiCl 0.5mmol、二氯甲烷2.0mL,120℃搅拌6h,反应结束后,过硅藻土砂芯,减压除去溶剂,产物经柱层析得到目标产物5(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=30/1)。
目标产物5:(S)-1-对溴苯基烯丙基乙酯
黄色液体,92%收率,94%ee[手性柱OJ-H(0.46cm x 25cm);正己烷/异丙醇=95/5;流速=0.6mL/min;检测波长=214nm;tR=9.98(minor),11.06(major)min]。
HRMS(ESI+)calcd for C11H12NaO2[M+Na]+:276.9840,Found:276.9840.
实施例6:
在一干燥的氩气保护的反应管内,依次加入1,5-环辛二烯氯化铱二聚体0.001mmol、手性配体L 0.003mmol、异丙胺2mL和甲苯1mL,90℃下反应1.5h。
向催化体系中加入正丁酸锂0.2mmol,再加入4-甲基-1-氯-2-戊烯0.4mmol、1,4-二氮杂二环[2.2.2]辛烷0.5mmol、二氯甲烷5.0mL,0℃搅拌18h,反应结束后,过硅藻土砂芯,溶液中加去离子水5mL萃取,有机相减压蒸干溶剂即到目标产物7。
目标产物6:(S)-1-异丙基烯丙基正丁酯
黄色液体,82%收率,84%ee[手性柱OJ-H(0.46cm x 25cm);正己烷/异丙醇=95/5;流速=0.8mL/min;检测波长=214nm;tR=19.88(minor),21.36(major)min]。
HRMS(ESI+)calcd for C11H12NaO2[M+Na]+:193.1199,Found:193.1200.
实施例7:
在一干燥的氩气保护的反应管内,依次加入1,5-环辛二烯氯化铱二聚体0.001mmol、手性配体L 0.001mmol、和1,4-二氮杂二环[2.2.2]辛烷2mL、THF 1mL,20℃下反应2h。
向催化体系中加入1-噻吩酸钠0.2mmol,再加1-氯-2-戊烯0.4mmol、LiCl0.5mmol、二氯甲烷2.0mL,0℃搅拌36h,反应结束后,过硅藻土砂芯,减压除去溶剂,产物经柱层析得到目标产物8(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=90/1)。
目标产物7:(R)-1-乙基基烯丙基噻吩酯
黄色液体,75%收率,82%ee[手性柱OJ-H(0.46cm x 25cm);正己烷/异丙醇=98/2;流速=1.0mL/min;检测波长=214nm;tR=11.65(minor),15.69(major)min]。
HRMS(ESI+)calcd for C11H12NaO2[M+Na]+:219.0450,Found:219.0448.
实施例8:
在一干燥的氩气保护的反应管内,依次加入1.5-环辛二烯氯化铱二聚体0.001mmol、手性配体L 0.002mmol、1,8-二氮杂二环[5.4.0]十一碳-7-烯0.01mmol和乙腈1mL,90℃下反应0.5h。
向催化体系中加入异戊酸铯0.2mmol,再加入3-吡啶基溴0.25mmol、KCl 0.5mmol、四氢呋喃2.0mL,0℃搅拌25h,反应结束后,过硅藻土砂芯,减压除去溶剂,产物经柱层析得到目标产物9(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=90/1)。
目标产物8:(R)-1-吡啶基烯丙基异丁酯
黄色液体,85%收率,72%ee[手性柱OJ-H(0.46cm x 25cm);正己烷/异丙醇=99/1;流速=1.0mL/min;检测波长=214nm;tR=13.29(minor),15.41(major)min]。
HRMS(ESI+)calcd for C11H12NaO2[M+Na]+:242.1151,Found:242.1150.
实施例9:
在一干燥的氩气保护的反应管内,依次加入二苯并1,5-环辛二烯氯化铱二聚体0.001mmol、手性配体L 0.002mmol、1,8-二氮杂二环[5.4.0]十一碳-7-烯0.005mmol和四氢呋喃1mL,90℃下反应0.5h。
向催化体系中加入丙烯酸钾0.4mmol,再加入肉桂基氯0.6mmol、NaCl1.6mmol、四氢呋喃2.0mL,25℃搅拌2h,反应结束后,过硅藻土砂芯,减压除去溶剂,产物经柱层析得到目标产物9(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=90/1)。
目标产物9:(R)-1-苯基烯丙基丙烯酯
黄色液体,75%收率,82%ee[手性柱OJ-H(0.46cm x 25cm);正己烷/异丙醇=98/2;流速=0.6mL/min;检测波长=214nm;tR=15.77(minor),25.41(major)min]。
HRMS(ESI+)calcd for C12H12NaO2[M+Na]+:211.0730,Found:211.0740.
实施例10:
采用本发明手性烯丙酯的制备方法,可用于合成一系列活性中间体,下面以癸内酯为例,叙述合成过程。
在一干燥的氩气保护的反应管内,依次加入1,5-环辛二烯氯化铱二聚体0.001mmol、手性配体L 0.002mmol、正丙氨0.005mmol和四氢呋喃1mL,50℃下反应0.6h。
向催化体系中加入丁烯酸钾0.4mmol,再加入1-氯-2-辛烯0.4mmol、2mmol KCl、四氢呋喃2.0mL,35℃搅拌12h,反应结束后,过硅藻土砂芯,减压除去溶剂,产物经柱层析得到中间产物10a(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=90/1)。
黄色液体,68%收率,92%ee[手性柱OJ-H(0.46cm x 25cm);正己烷/异丙醇=98/2;流速=0.6mL/min;检测波长=214nm;tR=18.89(minor),20.44(major)min]。
HRMS(ESI+)calcd for C12H20NaO2[M+Na]+:219.1356,Found:219.1356.
取10a 0.1mmol溶于4mL二氯甲烷,加入Grubbs一代催化剂0.004mmol,反应在氩气保护下加热回流过夜,TLC追踪反应进程。反应结束后,冷至室温,真空悬干。产物过硅胶色谱柱(石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=5∶1)得到产物10b。
黄色液体,86%收率,90%ee[手性柱AD-H(0.46cm x 25cm);正己烷/异丙醇=90/10;流速=1.0mL/min;检测波长=214nm;tR=19.56(minor),21.82(major)min]。
HRMS(ESI+)calcd for C10H16NaO2[M+Na]+:191.1043,Found:191.1044.
取10b 0.1mmol溶于4mL四氢呋喃,室温加入NBSH 0.12mmol,TLC追踪反应进程.。反应结束后,减压旋干。产物过硅胶色谱柱(石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=10∶1)得到还原的目标产物葵内酯10c。
黄色液体,86%收率,90%ee[手性柱AD-H(0.46cm x 25cm);正己烷/异丙醇=90/10;流速=1.0mL/min;检测波长=214nm;tR=19.56(minor),21.82(major)min]。
HRMS(ESI+)calcd for C10H18NaO2[M+Na]+:193.1199,Found:193.1199.
实施例11:
由于所合成的手性烯丙醇酯本身就是烯丙基化反应良好的反应底物,可将其直接用于手性保留的烯丙基化反应。依据Takeuchi的方法(Takeuchi,R.,Kitamura,N.NewJ.Chem.,1998,17,659),设计了铑催化丙二酸二甲酯的烯丙基化反应,高效合成出高光学纯度的目标产物。
反应方程式如下:
在氩气保护下,向三口瓶内加入实施实例1所制备的1(S)-1-苯基烯丙基乙酯(1mmol,94%ee)、亚磷酸三苯酯0.12mmol、1,5-环辛二烯氯化铑二聚体0.02mmol,溶于5mLTHF。在另一个氩气保护的反应瓶内,加入2mmol丙二酸二甲酯、2mmol NaH、5mL THF,搅拌至溶液澄清。将所得清液用针筒转移至之前的反应瓶内,加热回流1h。TLC追踪反应进程,反应结束后,加入水和乙酸乙酯分液,水相用乙酸乙酯再萃取一遍,合并有机相,旋干有机相,过硅胶色谱柱(石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=98∶2)得到还原的目标产物11。
黄色液体,88%收率,90%ee[手性柱AD-H(0.46cm x 25cm);正己烷/异丙醇=95/5;流速=1.0mL/min;检测波长=214nm;tR=15.66(minor),18.22(major)min]。
HRMS(ESI+)calcd for C14H16NaO4[M+Na]+:271.0941,Found:271.0941.

Claims (6)

1.一种手性烯丙酯类化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,该化合物的分子式如下:
其中*为手性碳原子,R1选自C1-C16的烷基或C4-C10的含N、O、S的杂环基,R2选自H或C1-C17的烷基或C2-C10的烯基或C2-C10的炔基或C4-C10的含N、O、S的杂环基;
所述的手性烯丙酯类化合物的制备方法为:在有机溶剂中,无水无氧的条件下,以羧酸盐和烯丙基卤化物为原料,加入以铱络合物与配体作用生成的铱催化剂,并加入添加剂,控制反应温度为0~120℃,反应1~36h,分离,即制备得到手性烯丙酯类化合物;
所述的烯丙基卤化物的结构式如下:
其中R1任意选自C1-C16的烷基或C4-C10的含N、O、S的杂环基;X任意选自F或Cl或Br或I;
所述的羧酸盐的结构式为R2COOM,其中R2任意选自H或C1-C17的烷基或C2-C10的烯基或C2-C10的炔基或C4-C10的含N、O、S的杂环基;M为元素周期表中第一主族的碱金属;
所述的铱催化剂是通过在有机溶剂中,0~120℃,以过渡金属铱络合物、配体及添加剂为原料,搅拌反应0.2h~2h制备而成;
所述的过渡金属铱络合物为氯化铱、羰基二(三苯基膦)氯化铱、1,5-环辛二烯氯化铱二聚体、1,5-环辛二烯(H5-茚)铱、二苯并1,5-环辛二烯氯化铱二聚体、酰二氢三(三苯基膦)铱中的任意一种;
所述的配体为光学纯配体L,结构式如下:
或其对映异构体;
所述的过渡金属铱络合物、配体及添加剂的摩尔比为1:(1~3):(1~5)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种手性烯丙酯类化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的手性烯丙酯类化合物通过精馏、萃取、结晶、树脂吸附、膜分离、薄层层析、柱层析或减压蒸馏的方法来分离。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种手性烯丙酯类化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的薄层层析、柱层析采用的展开剂为非极性溶剂与极性溶剂的混合溶剂,其体积比为(30~100):1。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种手性烯丙酯类化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的有机溶剂为甲苯、二甲基亚砜、二氯甲烷、四氢呋喃、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、二氧六环或乙腈中的一种或几种的组合。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种手性烯丙酯类化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的添加剂选自1,4-二氮杂二环[2.2.2]辛烷、1,8-二氮杂二环[5.4.0]十一碳-7-烯、磷酸钾、氯化钾、氯化锂、氯化钠、碳酸铯、氟化铯、氯化铯、氯化锂、溴化银或四正丁基氟化铵中的一种或几种的组合以及NR3R4结构的氨类;所述的NR3R4结构的氨类中的R3选自C1-C18的烷基,R4选自H或C1-C18烷基。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种手性烯丙酯类化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的铱催化剂直接用于催化烯丙基化反应或加入银盐制成稳定的烯丙基络合物,所述的银盐为AgBF4或AgF6Sb中的一种。
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