CN104393092A - 光电二极管及其制备方法、x射线探测器基板及其制备方法 - Google Patents
光电二极管及其制备方法、x射线探测器基板及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104393092A CN104393092A CN201410696940.9A CN201410696940A CN104393092A CN 104393092 A CN104393092 A CN 104393092A CN 201410696940 A CN201410696940 A CN 201410696940A CN 104393092 A CN104393092 A CN 104393092A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- doped
- pin photodiode
- doped region
- ray detector
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005468 ion implantation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001312 dry etching Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 75
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000012839 conversion disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910004205 SiNX Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MCVAAHQLXUXWLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[S-2].[Gd+3].[Gd+3] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[S-2].[Gd+3].[Gd+3] MCVAAHQLXUXWLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003667 anti-reflective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003796 beauty Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- XQPRBTXUXXVTKB-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium iodide Chemical compound [I-].[Cs+] XQPRBTXUXXVTKB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009659 non-destructive testing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001259 photo etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008832 photodamage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002601 radiography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004151 rapid thermal annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/08—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof in which radiation controls flow of current through the device, e.g. photoresistors
- H01L31/10—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof in which radiation controls flow of current through the device, e.g. photoresistors characterised by potential barriers, e.g. phototransistors
- H01L31/101—Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation
- H01L31/102—Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation characterised by only one potential barrier
- H01L31/105—Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation characterised by only one potential barrier the potential barrier being of the PIN type
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/24—Measuring radiation intensity with semiconductor detectors
- G01T1/241—Electrode arrangements, e.g. continuous or parallel strips or the like
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
- H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
- H01L27/146—Imager structures
- H01L27/14601—Structural or functional details thereof
- H01L27/14632—Wafer-level processed structures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
- H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
- H01L27/146—Imager structures
- H01L27/14643—Photodiode arrays; MOS imagers
- H01L27/14658—X-ray, gamma-ray or corpuscular radiation imagers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
- H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
- H01L27/146—Imager structures
- H01L27/14643—Photodiode arrays; MOS imagers
- H01L27/14658—X-ray, gamma-ray or corpuscular radiation imagers
- H01L27/14663—Indirect radiation imagers, e.g. using luminescent members
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
- H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
- H01L27/146—Imager structures
- H01L27/14683—Processes or apparatus peculiar to the manufacture or treatment of these devices or parts thereof
- H01L27/14687—Wafer level processing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/08—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof in which radiation controls flow of current through the device, e.g. photoresistors
- H01L31/10—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof in which radiation controls flow of current through the device, e.g. photoresistors characterised by potential barriers, e.g. phototransistors
- H01L31/115—Devices sensitive to very short wavelength, e.g. X-rays, gamma-rays or corpuscular radiation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
- H01L31/186—Particular post-treatment for the devices, e.g. annealing, impurity gettering, short-circuit elimination, recrystallisation
- H01L31/1864—Annealing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
- H01L31/186—Particular post-treatment for the devices, e.g. annealing, impurity gettering, short-circuit elimination, recrystallisation
- H01L31/1868—Passivation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Light Receiving Elements (AREA)
- Solid State Image Pick-Up Elements (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种光电二极管及其制备方法、X射线探测器基板及其制备方法。具体地,所述PIN光电二极管包括第一掺杂层、第二掺杂层以及位于第一和第二掺杂层之间的本征层,所述第一掺杂层设置在X射线探测器基板的源漏电极层上。所述第二掺杂层中设置有比该第二掺杂层的掺杂浓度更大的重掺杂区,所述重掺杂区与PIN光电二极管的阴极电连接。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及半导体技术领域,尤其涉及光电二极管及其制造方法、X射线探测器基板及其制造方法。
背景技术
X射线检测广泛应用于医疗、安全、无损检测、科研等领域,在国计民生中日益发挥着重要作用。目前,在实际使用中,X射线检测普遍使用胶片照相法。X射线胶片照相的成像质量较高,能正确提供被测试样体貌和缺陷真实情况的可靠信息。但是,它具有操作过程复杂、运行成本高、结果不易保存且查询携带不便以及评片人员眼睛易受强光损伤等缺点。
为了解决上述问题,20世纪90年代末出现了X射线数字照相(DigitaI Radiography,DR)检测技术。X射线数字照相系统中使用了平板探测器(flat panel detector),其像元尺寸可小于0.1mm,因而其成像质量及分辨率几乎可与胶片照相媲美,同时还克服了胶片照相中表现出来的缺点,也为图像的计算机处理提供了方便。由于电子转换模式不同,数字化X射线照相检测可分为直接转换型(Direct DR)和间接转换型(Indirect DR)。
直接转换型X射线平板探测器由射线接收器、命令处理器和电源组成。射线接收器中包含有闪烁晶体屏(Gd2O2S或CsI)、大面积非晶硅传感器阵列以及读出电路等。闪烁晶体屏用来将X射线光子转换成可见光,与其紧贴的大规模集成非晶硅传感器阵列将屏上的可见光转换成电子,然后由读出电路将其数字化,传送到计算机中形成可显示的数字图像。
间接转换型探测器由X射线转换层与非晶硅光电二极管、薄膜晶体管、信号存储基本像素单元及信号放大与信号读取等组成。间接平板探测器的结构主要是由闪烁体(碘化铯)或荧光体(硫氧化钆)层加具有光电二极管作用的非晶硅层,再加TFT阵列构成。此类的平板探测器闪烁体或荧光体层经X射线曝光后可以将X射线转换为电信号,通过薄膜晶体管阵列将每个像素的电荷信号读出并转化为数字信号并传送到计算机图像处理系统集成为X射线影像。
PIN光电二极管是间接型X射线探测基板的关键组成,其决定了可见光的吸收效率,对于X射线剂量、X射线成像的分辨率、图像的响应速度等关键指标有很大影响。间接型X射线探测基板的PIN的制备工艺方法主要有PECVD(等离子体化学气相沉积)以及离子注入,其中PECVD技术通过不同的工艺气体(如:SiH4、NH3、N2O、PH3、H2、B2H6等)可以同时方便快捷的形成PIN器件,但是其缺点为掺杂浓度固定,无法实现特殊区域化的掺杂,为了提高PIN器件的性能就需要使用离子注入技术与之相配合。
有鉴于此,确有需要提供一种能够至少部分地解决上述问题的新的PIN光电二极管及其制备方法以及X射线探测器基板及其制备方法。
发明内容
本发明的目的旨在解决现有技术中存在的上述问题和缺陷的至少一个方面。
本发明主要使用PECVD技术实现PIN光电二极管的制备,提出一种利用光刻、干法刻蚀、PECVD、离子注入等技术相结合,通过技术改变现有PIN器件结构,实现PIN器件性能的提高的切实可行的技术方案。
根据本发明的每一实施例,提供了一种新型的PIN光电二极管器件的制造方案,利用干法刻蚀实现整个PIN光电二极管的器件表面具有绒面结构。
PIN光电二极管的器件表面上的绒面结构、网格状的金属阴极相结合,利用全反射原理增加PIN光电二极管的器件光吸收效率,改善PIN光电二极管的器件表面缺陷态密度,提高PIN光电二极管器件的光电转化效率。
以下简单说明一下全反射的原理:光由光密(即光在此介质中的折射率大的)媒质射到光疏(即光在此介质中折射率小的)媒质的界面时,全部被反射回原媒质内的现象。PECVD制备的非晶硅薄膜折射率由于工艺条件的不同,一般在3.2-4.0之间,本发明中所采用的钝化层或减反射层材料中SiNx薄膜折射率一般为1.7-3.0,Al2O3薄膜一般为1.7,TiO2薄膜一般为2.4,在有利的表面形貌条件下都能很好进行全反射。
根据本发明,采用绒面结构能够增大X射线在界面位置发生的全反射,增大器件对X射线的吸收。
另外,利用离子注入或者PECVD技术对PIN光电二极管器件表面进行网格状重掺杂,降低表层电阻,取消透明阴极层,将金属阴极改为网格状,提高光生载流子的吸收效率,提高PIN光电二极管的器件性能,同时减少制备工艺,降低生产成本。具体地,由于阴极形成为网格状,与现有技术的面状阴极相比,起到减少反射X射线的作用。
附图说明
本发明的这些和/或其他方面和优点从下面结合附图对优选实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解,其中:
图1是根据本发明的网格状的金属阴极的示意图;
图2是根据本发明的一个实施例的X射线探测器基板的沿着图1中的线I-I切割所获得的截面示意图;
图3是根据本发明的另一实施例的X射线探测器基板的沿着图1中的线I-I切割所获得的截面示意图。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例,并结合附图1-3,对本发明的技术方案作进一步具体的说明。在说明书中,相同或相似的附图标号指示相同或相似的部件。下述参照附图对本发明实施方式的说明旨在对本发明的总体发明构思进行解释,而不应当理解为对本发明的一种限制。
如图1和2所示,示出了本发明的一个实施例的PIN光电二极管以及使用其的X射线探测器基板的结构示意图。
如上所述地,本发明所述的X射线探测器主要是指间接转换型探测器。该X射线探测器包括X射线转换层、非晶硅光电二极管、薄膜晶体管、信号存储基本像素单元以及信号放大与信号读取等相应的部件。鉴于本发明的改进之处仅在于用于X射线探测器的PIN光电二极管以及与之相应的结构,故为了简明的目的,在本发明的视图中仅示出了上述部分,而省略其他的相关部分。本领域技术人员可以根据需要从现有技术中获知上述结构的布置,故在此不再详述。
在本发明的示例中,PIN光电二极管包括第一掺杂层6、第二掺杂层8以及位于第一和第二掺杂层6、8之间的本征层7,所述第一掺杂层6设置在X射线探测器基板的源漏电极层(例如设置在漏电极)5上并且第二掺杂层8与PIN光电二极管的阴极11电连接。第二掺杂层8中设置有比该第二掺杂层8的掺杂浓度更大的重掺杂区9。
如从图1可知,重掺杂区9布置成网格状,并且所述阴极11布置成与之相匹配的网格状。也就是说,重掺杂区9和阴极11布置成具有相同的网格状形状,且阴极11的一部分直接布置在重掺杂区9之上。由于阴极11形成为网格状,与现有技术的面状阴极相比,起到减少反射X射线的作用。薄膜晶体管设置在图1中示出的左下角的空缺处,未具体示出其的结构。
另外,如图2中的波浪线所示,第二掺杂层8的面向阴极11的表面设置成具有绒面结构15。在本发明的一个示例中,利用干法刻蚀技术对第二掺杂层8的表面进行各向同性刻蚀,以形成所述绒面结构15。根据本发明,采用绒面结构能够增大X射线在界面位置发生的全反射,增大器件对X射线的吸收。
在图2所示的结构中,所述第一掺杂层6为n+α-Si:H层,本征层7为α-Si:H层,第二掺杂层8为p+α-Si:H层,重掺杂区9为p++α-Si:H层。可替代地,所述第二掺杂层8为n+α-Si:H层,本征层7为α-Si:H层,第一掺杂层6为p+α-Si:H层,重掺杂层9为n++α-Si:H层。
以下将参考图2,详细说明本发明的X射线探测器基板的制备流程的一个示例。
1.初始清洗玻璃基板1;沉积金属栅极层(金属栅极层厚度通常为阴极沟槽(如下所述)深度的2-3倍);对金属栅极层涂胶、曝光、显影、后烘并刻蚀实现图形化并剥离光刻胶,最终形成如图所示的具有预定图形的栅极2。
2.沉积栅极绝缘(GI)层3;沉积有源层4(Active层,α-Si:H/LTPS/IGZO/ITZO/ZnON);对有源层4进行图形涂胶、曝光、显影、后烘并刻蚀实现图形化并剥离光刻胶;沉积源漏电极层5(S/D金属层)。
3.沉积PIN光电二极管器件层(分别为N+α-Si:H层6、其厚度为本征层7(α-Si:H)、其厚度为P+α-Si:H层8,其厚度为),对PIN光电二极管的器件层进行图形涂胶、曝光、显影、后烘—干法刻蚀实现PIN光电二极管的器件层图形化并剥离光刻胶;
4.利用干法刻蚀技术对PIN光电二极管的器件表面(具体是阴极11的面向第二掺杂层8的表面)进行各向同性刻蚀,实现表面的绒面化(获得绒面结构15);
5.对PIN光电二极管的器件的第二掺杂层涂胶、曝光、显影、后烘烤实现图形化,采用离子注入(使用B2H6作为工艺气体)工艺进行P++的大剂量的重掺杂形成网格状重掺杂区9并剥离光刻胶;
6.对上述的整个基板进行退火活化处理(高温退火、快速热退火)对掺杂的离子进行激活;
7.对S/D层5进行图形涂胶、曝光、显影、后烘并刻蚀实现图形化并剥离光刻胶;
8.沉积钝化(PVX)层10(SixNy/AlxOy/TiO2),对PVX层进行图形涂胶、曝光、显影、后烘并刻蚀形成网格状的刻蚀孔并剥离光刻胶;
9.沉积金属阴极层(Mo/Al/Ti/Cu/Nd)—对金属阴极层进行图形涂胶、曝光、显影、后烘并刻蚀形成网格状的金属阴极11并剥离光刻胶;
10.涂覆树脂层12并曝光、显影、后烘实现图形化;蒸镀闪烁层13,以及对整个器件进行封装,最终完成X射线探测器基板的制备。
其中,金属阴极11的一部分填充到所述钝化层10的刻蚀孔中以与重掺杂区相接触。
虽然在图2所述的结构中,所述重掺杂区9通过离子注入工艺形成;但是如下述图3所示和描述中所论述的,所述重掺杂区可以在PIN光电二极管的本征层和第二掺杂层进行沟槽图形化之后进行离子注入工艺形成,并且所述阴极11的一部分布置在所述沟槽内。
参见图3,在此仅详细说明其与图2所示的结构和制备过程上不同之处,相同之处不再累述。
图3所示的结构在制备过程上的不同之处在于步骤3和5,例如将其替换成下述的步骤3’和5’即可:
步骤3’:沉积PIN光电二极管的器件层(分别为N+α-Si:H层6、其厚度为本征层7(Intrinsic α-Si:H)、其厚度为 P+α-Si:H层8、其厚度为并且对PIN光电二极管的器件层进行图形涂胶、曝光、显影、后烘、干法刻蚀实现PIN光电二极管的器件层图形化并剥离光刻胶。
步骤5’:对PIN光电二极管的器件的本征层和第二掺杂层进行图形涂胶、曝光、显影、后烘、干法刻蚀,以形成阴极沟槽16(沟槽深度大于N+a-Si:H层的厚度),采用离子注入(使用PH3作为工艺气体)工艺对阴极沟槽16进行P++的大剂量的重掺杂形成沟槽重掺杂区9,并剥离光刻胶。
在另一可替代的实施例中,还可以将上述的步骤3中的PIN光电二极管的制备方式替换成采用离子注入方式。具体地,可以采用PECVD工艺沉积厚度的α-Si:H层,采用离子注入的方式使用PH3或者B2H6作为离子源掺杂α-Si:H层,形成P+α-Si:H层或者N+α-Si:H层;
之后采用PECVD工艺沉积或更大厚度的α-Si:H层,再采用离子注入的方式使用B2H6或者PH3作为离子源掺杂α-Si:H层,形成厚度的N+α-Si:H层或者P+α-Si:H层。
综上所述可知,在本发明中,PIN光电二极管具有绒面结构;利用离子注入或者PECVD技术对PIN器件表面进行有效的掺杂,降低表层电阻,取消现有技术中的透明阴极层的工艺方案;使用网格状的金属阴极的器件结构以及相应的工艺;使用PECVD制备具有合理折射率的减反射作用的保护层,利用全反射原理增加PIN光电二极管的器件的光吸收效率,改善PIN光电二极管的器件表面缺陷态密度,实现提高PIN光电二极管的器件的光电转化效率。
以上仅为本发明的一些实施例,本领域普通技术人员将理解,在不背离本总体发明构思的原则和精神的情况下,可对这些实施例做出改变,本发明的范围以权利要求和它们的等同物限定。
Claims (17)
1.一种PIN光电二极管,所述PIN光电二极管包括第一掺杂层、第二掺杂层以及位于第一和第二掺杂层之间的本征层,所述第一掺杂层设置在X射线探测器基板的源漏电极层上,其特征在于,
所述第二掺杂层中设置有比该第二掺杂层的掺杂浓度更大的重掺杂区,所述重掺杂区与PIN光电二极管的阴极电连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的PIN光电二极管,其特征在于,所述重掺杂区布置成网格状,并且所述阴极布置成与之相匹配的网格状。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的PIN光电二极管,其特征在于,所述第二掺杂层的面向所述阴极的表面设置成具有绒面结构。
4.根据权利要求3所述的PIN光电二极管,其特征在于,利用干法刻蚀技术对所述第二掺杂层的所述表面进行各向同性刻蚀,以形成所述绒面结构。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的PIN光电二极管,其特征在于,
所述第一掺杂层为n+α-Si:H层,本征层为α-Si:H层,第二掺杂层为p+α-Si:H层,重掺杂区为p++α-Si:H层;或
所述第二掺杂层为n+α-Si:H层,本征层为α-Si:H层,第一掺杂层为p+α-Si:H层,重掺杂层为n++α-Si:H层。
6.根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的PIN光电二极管,其特征在于,
所述重掺杂区通过离子注入工艺形成。
7.根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的PIN光电二极管,其特征在于,
所述重掺杂区成沟槽形状,位于本征层和第二掺杂层之间,所述阴极布置在重掺杂区的沟槽内。
8.根据权利要求6或7所述的PIN光电二极管,其特征在于,
所述离子注入工艺使用B2H6或PH3作为离子源进行掺杂。
9.一种制备如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的PIN光电二极管的制备方法,包括步骤:
在X射线探测器基板中的源漏电极层的远离有源层的一侧上沉积PIN光电二极管的器件层并进行图形化,所述PIN光电二极管的器件层包括第一掺杂层、第二掺杂层以及位于第一和第二掺杂层之间的本征层,第一掺杂层设置在源漏电极层上;
采用离子注入工艺对PIN光电二极管的器件层进行重掺杂以形成网格状重掺杂区;
对整个X射线探测器的基板进行退火活化处理,以激活掺杂的离子;
对源漏电极层进行图形化;
沉积钝化层并进行图形化以形成刻蚀孔;
沉积PIN光电二极管的阴极层并进行图形化以形成网格状的阴极;
涂覆树脂层并进行图形化;
蒸镀闪烁层并进行封装。
10.根据权利要求9所述的PIN光电二极管的制备方法,其特征在于,
所述沉积阴极层的步骤包括:将阴极的一部分填充到所述刻蚀孔中以使得网格状的阴极与重掺杂区接触。
11.根据权利要求9所述的PIN光电二极管的制备方法,其特征在于,
所述网格状的重掺杂区包括第二掺杂区中的被重掺杂的区域、或位于本征层和第二掺杂区中的被重掺杂的沟槽。
12.根据权利要求9-11中任一项所述的PIN光电二极管的制备方法,其特征在于,
所述PIN光电二极管的器件层的图形化步骤包括:涂覆光刻胶、显影、后烘、干法刻蚀以实现图形化并剥离光刻胶。
13.根据权利要求9-11中任一项所述的PIN光电二极管的制备方法,其特征在于,
采用离子注入方式分别形成PIN光电二极管的第一掺杂区和第二掺杂区。
14.根据权利要求13所述的PIN光电二极管的制备方法,其特征在于,
采用PECVD工艺沉积α-Si:H层,使用B2H6或者PH3作为离子源掺杂α-Si:H,形成P+α-Si:H层或者N+α-Si:H层作为第一掺杂层;
之后采用PECVD工艺沉积α-Si:H层,使用PH3或者B2H6作为离子源掺杂α-Si:H层的一部分,形成N+α-Si:H层或者P+α-Si:H层作为第二掺杂层,α-Si:H层的未被掺杂的部分作为本征层。
15.根据权利要求9-14中任一项所述的PIN光电二极管的制备方法,其特征在于,
所述第一掺杂层和第二掺杂层的厚度分别为本征层的厚度为
16.一种X射线探测器基板,所述X射线探测器基板包括如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的PIN光电二极管。
17.一种制备如权利要求16所述的X射线探测器基板的制备方法,包括步骤:
在X射线探测器基板上形成薄膜晶体管;
根据权利要求9-15中任一项所述的方法形成PIN光电二极管。
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201410696940.9A CN104393092A (zh) | 2014-11-26 | 2014-11-26 | 光电二极管及其制备方法、x射线探测器基板及其制备方法 |
US14/890,587 US9570645B2 (en) | 2014-11-26 | 2015-03-25 | Photodiode and method of manufacturing the same, and X-ray detector and method of manufacturing the same |
PCT/CN2015/075030 WO2016082391A1 (zh) | 2014-11-26 | 2015-03-25 | 光电二极管及其制备方法、x射线探测器及其制备方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201410696940.9A CN104393092A (zh) | 2014-11-26 | 2014-11-26 | 光电二极管及其制备方法、x射线探测器基板及其制备方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN104393092A true CN104393092A (zh) | 2015-03-04 |
Family
ID=52610964
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201410696940.9A Pending CN104393092A (zh) | 2014-11-26 | 2014-11-26 | 光电二极管及其制备方法、x射线探测器基板及其制备方法 |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9570645B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN104393092A (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2016082391A1 (zh) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2016082391A1 (zh) * | 2014-11-26 | 2016-06-02 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 光电二极管及其制备方法、x射线探测器及其制备方法 |
CN107342346A (zh) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-11-10 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种光电二极管、x射线探测器及其制备方法 |
CN107703533A (zh) * | 2016-08-05 | 2018-02-16 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 探测面板及探测装置 |
CN109935605A (zh) * | 2019-03-12 | 2019-06-25 | 上海奕瑞光电子科技股份有限公司 | 图像传感器及其制作方法 |
CN114400268A (zh) * | 2022-01-13 | 2022-04-26 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Pin器件及其制备方法、显示装置 |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105810765B (zh) * | 2016-03-21 | 2017-08-11 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Pin光电二极管、x射线探测像元、装置及其探测方法 |
CN109065558B (zh) * | 2018-08-09 | 2021-10-12 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种背板及其制作方法、检测装置 |
KR20200137308A (ko) * | 2019-05-29 | 2020-12-09 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | 디지털 엑스레이 검출기와 이를 포함하는 디지털 엑스레이 검출 장치 및 이의 제조 방법 |
KR20210071569A (ko) * | 2019-12-06 | 2021-06-16 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | 디지털 엑스레이 검출기용 박막 트랜지스터 어레이 기판 및 이를 포함하는 디지털 엑스레이 검출기 |
CN114566510B (zh) * | 2020-11-27 | 2024-07-30 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 探测面板及其制备方法和平板探测器 |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101509977A (zh) * | 2008-02-12 | 2009-08-19 | 三星电子株式会社 | X射线探测器及其制造方法 |
CN101740659A (zh) * | 2008-11-06 | 2010-06-16 | 北京北方微电子基地设备工艺研究中心有限责任公司 | 埋栅太阳能电池的制造方法 |
CN102110724A (zh) * | 2010-11-12 | 2011-06-29 | 北京大学 | 双面微纳复合结构的太阳能电池及其制备方法 |
CN102315317A (zh) * | 2011-07-04 | 2012-01-11 | 常州天合光能有限公司 | 反应离子刻蚀制绒结合选择性发射极太阳能电池制造工艺 |
CN102544024A (zh) * | 2010-12-29 | 2012-07-04 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种tft探测基板及其制作方法、x射线探测器 |
CN102751302A (zh) * | 2012-07-09 | 2012-10-24 | 上海奕瑞影像科技有限公司 | 微晶硅薄膜探测器制备方法及其应用 |
CN102856441A (zh) * | 2012-09-14 | 2013-01-02 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | X射线探测器背板的制造方法及pin光电二极管的制造方法 |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100956338B1 (ko) * | 2002-12-11 | 2010-05-06 | 삼성전자주식회사 | X-ray 검출기용 박막 트랜지스터 어레이 기판 |
DE102005060310B4 (de) | 2005-12-16 | 2016-08-18 | Siemens Healthcare Gmbh | Verfahren und Röntgendetektor |
JP5344464B2 (ja) | 2006-05-10 | 2013-11-20 | 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 | ダイヤモンド半導体デバイス及びその製造方法 |
KR101350795B1 (ko) * | 2007-06-11 | 2014-01-10 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | 엑스레이 검출기용 박막 트랜지스터 어레이 |
KR101393633B1 (ko) * | 2007-10-31 | 2014-05-09 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | 엑스레이 검출 패널, 엑스레이 검출기 및 엑스레이검출기의 구동 방법 |
KR101469042B1 (ko) * | 2008-08-29 | 2014-12-05 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | 엑스레이 검출 패널 및 엑스레이 검출기 |
CN101752445B (zh) | 2008-11-28 | 2013-05-29 | 瀚宇彩晶股份有限公司 | 光传感器、感光二极管、二极管层及其制造方法 |
KR101571045B1 (ko) * | 2008-12-26 | 2015-11-24 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | X선 검출기용 박막 트랜지스터 어레이 기판 및 그 제조 방법 |
KR101084265B1 (ko) * | 2009-12-18 | 2011-11-17 | 삼성모바일디스플레이주식회사 | 엑스레이 검출기 |
US8558185B2 (en) * | 2010-12-21 | 2013-10-15 | Carestream Health, Inc. | Digital radiographic detector array including spacers and methods for same |
TW201438204A (zh) * | 2013-03-19 | 2014-10-01 | Univ Nat Chiao Tung | 平板型x光偵測器的tft-pin陣列基板及組裝結構 |
CN103219431A (zh) | 2013-04-19 | 2013-07-24 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 光电二极管及其制造方法、x射线探测器基板及其制造方法 |
CN104393092A (zh) | 2014-11-26 | 2015-03-04 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 光电二极管及其制备方法、x射线探测器基板及其制备方法 |
-
2014
- 2014-11-26 CN CN201410696940.9A patent/CN104393092A/zh active Pending
-
2015
- 2015-03-25 WO PCT/CN2015/075030 patent/WO2016082391A1/zh active Application Filing
- 2015-03-25 US US14/890,587 patent/US9570645B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101509977A (zh) * | 2008-02-12 | 2009-08-19 | 三星电子株式会社 | X射线探测器及其制造方法 |
CN101740659A (zh) * | 2008-11-06 | 2010-06-16 | 北京北方微电子基地设备工艺研究中心有限责任公司 | 埋栅太阳能电池的制造方法 |
CN102110724A (zh) * | 2010-11-12 | 2011-06-29 | 北京大学 | 双面微纳复合结构的太阳能电池及其制备方法 |
CN102544024A (zh) * | 2010-12-29 | 2012-07-04 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种tft探测基板及其制作方法、x射线探测器 |
CN102315317A (zh) * | 2011-07-04 | 2012-01-11 | 常州天合光能有限公司 | 反应离子刻蚀制绒结合选择性发射极太阳能电池制造工艺 |
CN102751302A (zh) * | 2012-07-09 | 2012-10-24 | 上海奕瑞影像科技有限公司 | 微晶硅薄膜探测器制备方法及其应用 |
CN102856441A (zh) * | 2012-09-14 | 2013-01-02 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | X射线探测器背板的制造方法及pin光电二极管的制造方法 |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2016082391A1 (zh) * | 2014-11-26 | 2016-06-02 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 光电二极管及其制备方法、x射线探测器及其制备方法 |
US9570645B2 (en) | 2014-11-26 | 2017-02-14 | Boe Technology Group Co., Ltd. | Photodiode and method of manufacturing the same, and X-ray detector and method of manufacturing the same |
CN107703533A (zh) * | 2016-08-05 | 2018-02-16 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 探测面板及探测装置 |
CN107703533B (zh) * | 2016-08-05 | 2024-03-05 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 探测面板及探测装置 |
CN107342346A (zh) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-11-10 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种光电二极管、x射线探测器及其制备方法 |
CN109935605A (zh) * | 2019-03-12 | 2019-06-25 | 上海奕瑞光电子科技股份有限公司 | 图像传感器及其制作方法 |
CN114400268A (zh) * | 2022-01-13 | 2022-04-26 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Pin器件及其制备方法、显示装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2016082391A1 (zh) | 2016-06-02 |
US20160359075A1 (en) | 2016-12-08 |
US9570645B2 (en) | 2017-02-14 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN104393092A (zh) | 光电二极管及其制备方法、x射线探测器基板及其制备方法 | |
KR102279274B1 (ko) | 디지털 엑스레이 검출기용 박막 트랜지스터 어레이 기판 | |
JP6588473B2 (ja) | アレイ基板及びその作成方法と、x線フラットパネルディテクターと、撮像システム | |
WO2016112608A1 (zh) | 探测基板及其制备方法、探测器 | |
CN111244119B (zh) | 一种探测基板、其制作方法及平板探测器 | |
US10553638B2 (en) | Ray detection substrate, manufacturing method thereof and ray detection device | |
CN104795419B (zh) | X射线平板探测器 | |
Dun et al. | Wafer-scale photolithography-pixeled Pb-free perovskite X-ray detectors | |
CN102856441B (zh) | X射线探测器背板的制造方法及pin光电二极管的制造方法 | |
CN102629610A (zh) | 一种x射线检测装置的阵列基板及其制造方法 | |
CN105742386A (zh) | 光电二极管及其制作方法、x射线探测基板及其制作方法 | |
JP2013044723A (ja) | 放射線検出器、放射線検出器の製造方法、及び放射線画像撮影装置 | |
CN104241436B (zh) | 一种x射线探测基板及其制备方法、x射线探测设备 | |
CN102544024A (zh) | 一种tft探测基板及其制作方法、x射线探测器 | |
CN104716152A (zh) | X射线平板探测器及其制备方法与白色绝缘材料 | |
CN103219431A (zh) | 光电二极管及其制造方法、x射线探测器基板及其制造方法 | |
CN107331725B (zh) | 一种探测基板的制作方法、探测基板及x射线探测器 | |
CN210575956U (zh) | 一种探测基板及平板探测器 | |
CN113330567B (zh) | 一种探测基板、其制作方法及平板探测器 | |
CN201926763U (zh) | 非晶硅碘化铯数字x射线平板探测器 | |
CN204558467U (zh) | X射线平板探测器 | |
CN102881702B (zh) | 一种阵列式x射线传感器及其制作方法 | |
US20220236428A1 (en) | X-ray detection substrate, x-ray detector, and x-ray detection system | |
CN112736104B (zh) | 平板探测器的制备方法 | |
CN113728435B (zh) | 探测基板、其制作方法及平板探测器 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20150304 |
|
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |