CN104390940B - Near-infrared laser visibility meter based on upconversion single-photon detector - Google Patents
Near-infrared laser visibility meter based on upconversion single-photon detector Download PDFInfo
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- CN104390940B CN104390940B CN201410697295.2A CN201410697295A CN104390940B CN 104390940 B CN104390940 B CN 104390940B CN 201410697295 A CN201410697295 A CN 201410697295A CN 104390940 B CN104390940 B CN 104390940B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a near-infrared band laser radar visibility meter based on an upconversion single-photon detector. The laser radar visibility meter comprises an emission system, a circulator, a telescope, an upconversion single-photon detector system and a signal acquisition and processing system, wherein an optical signal band output by the laser is a near-infrared band; and the telescope is a near-infrared band transmitting/receiving integrated telescope. According to the laser radar visibility meter disclosed by the invention, the high-efficiency and low-noise upconversion single-photon detection system on the near-infrared band serves as a receiving detection system, multiple disadvantages in a visible light source laser radar visibility meter system based on a silicon single-photon detector and a near-infrared light source laser radar visibility meter system based on an InGaAs single-photon detector or a superconducting single-photon detector are overcome, and a portable and safe all-fiber laser radar visibility meter with the advantages of wide dynamic range, small size and light weight can be realized.
Description
Technical field
Patent of the present invention is related to laser radar field, more particularly to the near-infrared laser based on upper conversion single-photon detector
Visibility meter.
Background technology
In recent years, constantly increasing due to environmental pollution, the haze situation of urban has begun to the life to resident
Health living, trip traffic and the safety of airport and highway etc. cause huge threat, therefore measurement conduct is weighed
The visibility index of air turbidity has important practical significance.
Visibility of air can accurately be measured based on backward scattered laser radar visibility meter, it is by air
Middle to launch a branch of pulse laser beam, the pulse laser beam launched will produce back-scattering light with the particle interaction in air
Son, the backscattered photons produced in atmosphere using telescope reception signal beams simultaneously realize detection, so as to record difference
Back-scattering light subnumber in distance (corresponding different time).By the meter to the back-scattering light subnumber in different distance
Calculate, can accurately obtain the attenuation quotient of air, then visibility of air is obtained by the analysis to attenuation quotient
Index.Based on backward scattered laser radar visibility meter can be widely used with environmental monitoring, highway, harbour,
The key areas such as airport.
At present, the LASER Light Source of conventional laser radar visibility instrument mainly has two wave bands of visible ray and near-infrared, is based on
Detection system is received the most using efficient silicon single-photon detector more than the laser radar system of visible light source, but it has
Have the shortcomings that following：
1. adopt visible light wave range light source, disguised extreme difference to be unfavorable for application of special occasions.
2. visible light wave range light source is adopted, high power laser sources (higher than 10 MJs per pulse), the peace to human eye is needed
Full property is not high.
Although and the laser radar system for being based near infrared light light source very effective can solve what visible light source faced
Problems, but the restriction of its detector performance received due to near-infrared, the problem below for equally also facing：
1. the laser radar visibility meter system of indium gallium arsenic single-photon detector is based near infrared band, its low detection effect
Rate limits the measurable dynamic range of system；The gating patterns of its work significantly extend time of measuring, which limits and are
The data updating rate of system；The wide range detection that it is realized improves system noise, reduce further measurable dynamic range.
2. near infrared band based superconductive single-photon detector laser visibility meter system, due to superconductor detector need
Liquid helium is wanted to be freezed, it is bulky, which limits its practical；The wide range detection that it is realized improves system noise, enters
One step reduces measurable dynamic range.
The content of the invention
The purpose of patent of the present invention is exactly to solve all the problems referred to above, it is proposed that one kind is based on upper conversion single-photon detecting
Survey device near infrared band laser radar visibility meter system, system that employs near infrared band low-noise efficient upper turn
Single-photon detector is changed as detection system is received, due to its efficient detection efficient, in the same dynamic range surveyed, greatly
Width reduces the power requirement of the pulse signal LASER Light Source near infrared band, facilitates implementation the miniaturization of low-power output just
The laser radar visibility meter system of the near-infrared all -fiber of prompt formula.
The near-infrared laser visibility meter based on upper conversion single-photon detector that the present invention is provided, it includes：Transmitting system
System, circulator, telescope, upper conversion single-photon detector system, signal acquisition and processing system, wherein：
The emission system includes laser instrument, and the optical signal wave band of laser instrument output is near infrared band, the prestige
Remote mirror is the transmitting-receiving integrated telescope of near infrared band,
The circulator is arranged between the emission system and the light path of telescope, the circulator have input,
Outfan and the 3rd end,
The emission system is connected to respectively the input and outfan of the circulator with telescope by optical fiber,
3rd end of the circulator is connected with the input of the upper conversion single-photon detector system, and the signal is adopted
The input of collection and processing system is connected with the outfan of the upper conversion single-photon detector system.
Preferably, the circulator is optical fiber circulator.
Preferably, the upper conversion single-photon detector system include pumping seed light source, the first Polarization Controller, second
Polarization Controller, wavelength division multiplexer, periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides, U-shaped free space coupling device, silicon single-photon detector,
The optical signal of the input input of the upper conversion single-photon detector system and the optical signal difference of pumping seed light source output
The wavelength division multiplexer, the wavelength-division multiplex are input to after first Polarization Controller with second Polarization Controller
The optical signal of device output pass sequentially through be input to after the periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides, U-shaped free space coupling device it is described
Silicon single-photon detector, in the U-shaped free space coupling device interference filter element is provided with, and the wavelength division multiplexer is and pumping
The corresponding wavelength division multiplexer of output wavelength of seed light source and laser instrument, the periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides and U-shaped freedom
Connected using multimode fibre between space coupler, the periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides are the periodic polarized of both-end coupling
Lithium niobate waveguides.U-shaped free space coupling device also makes multimode fibre couple U-bench.
Alternatively, the upper conversion single-photon detector system include pumping seed light source, the first Polarization Controller, the
Two Polarization Controllers, wavelength division multiplexer, periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides, aspheric surface object lens, DM dichroic mirrors, low-pass filtering
Piece, band pass filter, prism, silicon single-photon detector, the input and pumping kind of the upper conversion single-photon detector system
The optical signal of sub-light source output is described respectively through being input to after first Polarization Controller and second Polarization Controller
Wavelength division multiplexer, the optical signal of wavelength division multiplexer output pass sequentially through periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides, aspheric surface object lens,
The silicon single-photon detector, the wavelength-division multiplex are input to after DM dichroic mirrors, low pass filters, band pass filter and prism
Device is wavelength division multiplexer corresponding with the output wavelength of pumping seed light source and laser instrument, the periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides
For the periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides of single-port-coupled.
Alternatively, the upper conversion single-photon detector system include pumping seed light source, the first Polarization Controller, the
Two Polarization Controllers, wavelength division multiplexer, periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides, aspheric surface object lens, DM dichroic mirrors, body Prague light
Grid, low pass filters, band pass filter, silicon single-photon detector, it is described it is upper conversion single-photon detector system input with
The optical signal of pumping seed light source output is input into respectively through after first Polarization Controller and second Polarization Controller
To the wavelength division multiplexer, the optical signal of the wavelength division multiplexer output passes sequentially through periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides, aspheric
The silicon single photon detection is input to after face object lens, DM dichroic mirrors, Volume Bragg grating, low pass filters and pass filter piece
Device, the wavelength division multiplexer is wavelength division multiplexer corresponding with the output wavelength of pumping seed light source and laser instrument, the cycle
Property poled lithium niobate waveguide for single-port-coupled periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides.
In order to improve beam quality, the emission system also includes the first optical amplifier and isolator, first light
Learn amplifier and the isolator to be successively set between the laser instrument and the circulator, the pumping seed light source and institute
State and the second optical amplifier is provided between the second Polarization Controller.
Preferably, the laser instrument be pulse optical fiber, the pumping seed light source be jointed fiber laser instrument, institute
The light signal energy for stating laser instrument output is micro- less than 200 burnt per pulse, transmission wave band and the laser instrument output of the telescope
Wavelength of optical signal matches.
Preferably, the optical signal wave band of the laser instrument output is C-band communication bands, and the pumping seed light source is defeated
The close 2um of wavelength of optical signal for going out；It is described or the optical signal wave band of the pumping seed light source output is C-band communication bands
The close 2um of wavelength of optical signal of laser instrument output.
Preferably, the wavelength of optical signal of the laser instrument output is 1550nm, and first optical amplifier is er-doped light
Fiber amplifier；The wavelength of optical signal of the pumping seed light source output is 1950nm, and second optical amplifier is to mix thulium light
Fiber amplifier, the wavelength division multiplexer is 1950nm/1550nm wavelength division multiplexers.
Alternatively, the wavelength of optical signal of pumping seed light source output is 1550nm, first optical amplifier
For thulium doped fiber amplifier；The wavelength of optical signal of the laser instrument output is 1950nm, and second optical amplifier is er-doped
Fiber amplifier, the wavelength division multiplexer is 1950nm/1550nm wavelength division multiplexers.
Specifically, the signal acquisition and processing system includes time digital-to-analog conversion system and central processing unit, when described
Between the outfan of digital-to-analog conversion system be connected with the input of central processing unit；Described periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides turn
Change efficiency and be not less than 99%.
Preferably, between each component of the emission system, circulator, telescope and upper conversion single-photon detector system
Connected with optical fiber.
The wave-length coverage of C-band communication bands is 1530nm～1570nm.
In the present invention, the outfan of lower powered near-infrared pulse signal LASER Light Source is by a circulator and near-infrared
Wave band transceiver telescopic system is connected, and by the telescopic system of transceiver air is emitted into, signal in air
The backscattered photons of light beam are coupled to receive through the telescopic system of transceiver and reenter circulator, from the another of circulator
The upper conversion single-photon detector that high-efficient low-noise is accessed after Single port output is detected, and the signal of telecommunication for being detected is through the later stage
Processing routine is analyzed and obtains atmospheric visibility.
The coupling efficiency of the U-shaped free space coupling device of described upper conversion single-photon detector is not less than 85%.
The present invention has the advantages that：
1st, the upper conversion single-photon detector that present invention employs near infrared band low-noise efficient detects system as receiving
System, due to its efficient detection efficient, in the same dynamic range surveyed, significantly reduces the pulse near infrared band and believes
The power requirement of number LASER Light Source, facilitates implementation the laser radar of the near-infrared all -fiber of the miniaturization portable of low-power output
Visibility meter system.
2nd, the present invention solve laser radar visibility meter system based on the visible light source of silicon single-photon detector and
Based on indium gallium arsenic single-photon detector or the laser radar visibility meter system institute of the near-infrared light source of superconducting single-photon detector
The many inferior positions for facing, it is possible to achieve HDR, small volume, lightweight, portable safe full optical fiber laser radar
Visibility meter.
3rd, the present invention to eye-safe, and is visited using C-band communication bands as laser acquisition wave band using the wave band
Survey drastically increases the disguise of visibility detection, and can realize being seamlessly connected with communication optical fiber.
Description of the drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art and advantage, below will be to implementing
Example or the accompanying drawing to be used needed for description of the prior art are briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only
Only it is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work,
Can be obtaining other accompanying drawings according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the near-infrared laser visibility meter based on upper conversion single-photon detector that the embodiment of the present invention one is provided
Structural representation；
Fig. 2 is the near-infrared laser visibility meter based on upper conversion single-photon detector that the embodiment of the present invention two is provided
Structural representation；
Fig. 3 is the near-infrared laser visibility meter based on upper conversion single-photon detector that the embodiment of the present invention three is provided
Structural representation；
In figure：100- emission systems, 101- laser instrument, the optical amplifiers of 102- first, 103- isolators, 200- is annular
Device, 300- telescopes, conversion single-photon detector system on 400-, 401- pumping seed light sources, the Polarization Controllers of 402- first,
The Polarization Controllers of 403- second, 404- wavelength division multiplexers, the periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides of 405-, 406-U type free space couplings
Clutch, 407- interferometric filters, 408- silicon single-photon detectors, the optical amplifiers of 409- second, 410- aspheric surface object lens, 411-
DM dichroic mirrors, 412- low pass filters, 413- band pass filters, 414- prisms, 415- Volume Bragg gratings, 500- signals are adopted
Collection and processing system, 501- time digital-to-analog conversion systems, 502- central processing units.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation is described, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than the embodiment of whole.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art obtained on the premise of creative work is not made it is all its
His embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment one：
Fig. 1 is referred to, the embodiment of the present invention one provides a kind of near-infrared laser based on upper conversion single-photon detector
Visibility meter, emission system 100, circulator 200, telescope 300, it is upper conversion single-photon detector system 400, signals collecting and
Processing system 500, wherein：
The emission system 100 includes laser instrument 101, and the optical signal wave band of the output of the laser instrument 101 is near-infrared ripple
Section, the telescope 300 is the transmitting-receiving integrated telescope of near infrared band,
The circulator 200 is arranged between the light path of the emission system 100 and telescope 300, the circulator 200
With input, outfan and the 3rd end,
The emission system 100 is connected to respectively the input and ring of the circulator 200 with telescope 300 by optical fiber
Shape device outfan,
3rd end of the circulator 200 is connected with the input of the upper conversion single-photon detector system 400, described
The input of signal acquisition and processing system 500 is connected with the outfan of the upper conversion single-photon detector system 400.
Preferably, the circulator 200 is optical fiber circulator.
Wherein described laser instrument 101 is signal optical source, and its exit ports is optical fiber output, and the port of its output passes through optics
Amplifier 102 realizes the amplification of pulse light, and pulse light then passes through isolator 103 and circulator 200 enters near red
The outgoing of wave section transceiver telescopic system 300 enters air, and the atmospheric scattering echo-signal of flashlight is received through near-infrared
Send out one telescopic system 300 to reclaim into optical fiber circulator 200, backscatter signals are coupled into conversion single photon detection
System 400 is detected, and embedded computer is input into after the signal of telecommunication elapsed time digital to analog converter of its output and is processed.
The upper conversion single-photon detector system 400 include pumping seed light source 401, the first Polarization Controller 402, the
Two Polarization Controllers 403, wavelength division multiplexer 404, periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides 405, U-shaped free space coupling device 406, silicon
Single-photon detector 408, the optical signal and pumping seed light of the input input of the upper conversion single-photon detector system 400
The optical signal of the output of source 401 after first Polarization Controller 402 and second Polarization Controller 403 respectively by being input to
The wavelength division multiplexer 404, the optical signal of the output of the wavelength division multiplexer 404 passes sequentially through the periodic polarized Lithium metaniobate ripple
Lead and be input to after 405, U-shaped free space coupling device 406 the silicon single-photon detector 408, the U-shaped free space coupling device
It is provided with interference filter element 407 in 406, the wavelength division multiplexer 404 is defeated with pumping seed light source 401 and laser instrument 101
Go out the corresponding wavelength division multiplexer of wavelength, between the periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides 405 and U-shaped free space coupling device 406
Connected using multimode fibre, the periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides 405 are the periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides of both-end coupling.
U-shaped free space coupling device also makes multimode fibre couple U-bench.U-shaped free space coupling device 406 and silicon single-photon detector
Connected by multimode fibre between 408.
Preferably, the coupling efficiency of the U-shaped free space coupling device 406 of described upper conversion single-photon detector is not less than
85%.
The emission system 100 also includes the first optical amplifier 102 and isolator 103, first optical amplifier
102 and the isolator 103 be successively set between the laser instrument 101 and the circulator 200, the pumping seed light source
The second optical amplifier 409 is provided between 401 and second Polarization Controller 403.
Preferably, the laser instrument 101 is pulse optical fiber, and the pumping seed light source 401 swashs for jointed fiber
Light device, the light signal energy of the output of the laser instrument 101 is micro- less than 200 burnt per pulses, the transmission wave band of the telescope 300 with
The wavelength of optical signal of the output of laser instrument 101 matches.
Preferably, the laser instrument 101 output optical signal wave band be C-band communication bands, the pumping seed light source
The close 2um of wavelength of optical signal of 401 outputs.
Preferably, the wavelength of optical signal of the output of the laser instrument 101 is 1550nm, and first optical amplifier 102 is
Erbium-doped fiber amplifier；The wavelength of optical signal of the pumping seed light source 401 output is 1950nm, second optical amplifier
409 is thulium doped fiber amplifier, and the wavelength division multiplexer 404 is 1950nm/1550nm wavelength division multiplexers.
The signal acquisition and processing system 500 includes time digital-to-analog conversion system 501 and central processing unit 502, described
The outfan of time digital-to-analog conversion system 501 is connected with the input of central processing unit 502；Described periodic polarized Lithium metaniobate
The conversion efficiency of waveguide 405 is not less than 99%.The signal acquisition and processing system 500 is realized using pulse screening techniques module
The signal of telecommunication of detector output is counted, using time digital-to-analog conversion system, corresponding count value in the same time, profit is recorded not
With software processes obtain not in the same time under counting rate dampening information.
The each group of the emission system 100, circulator 200, telescope 300 and upper conversion single-photon detector system 400
Connected with optical fiber between part.
The 1950nm pumpings seed light is amplified through thulium doped fiber amplifier, multiple through 1950/1550nm wavelength-divisions
Periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides and the backscattered photons of the signal beams generation for being coupled into both-end coupling with device is non-linear
Act on frequency, signal beams backscattered photons are converted to into light photon.
Described signal beams backscattered photons are coupled into ring through near infrared band transceiver telescopic system
Shape device, through Polarization Controller upper conversion detector system is accessed, and through 1950/1550nm wavelength division multiplexers both-end is coupled into
There is non-linear and frequency and act in the periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides of fiber coupling, be converted into visible ray light with pump light source
Son.
Described double ended fiber coupling period poled lithium niobate waveguide is single-mode fiber input, multimode fibre output.Its
Export and frequency light photon filters nonlinear noise through U-shaped free space coupling device 406 and interference filter element, accesses
Silicon single-photon detector carries out detection counting.
The U-shaped free space coupling device 406 is multimode fibre input, multimode fibre output.
In the above-described embodiments, it is preferred that the near infrared signal light laser is optical fiber laser, its launch wavelength connects
Nearly 1.5 microns.
In the present embodiment, all of device is optical fibre device, and the visibility meter realized is the energy of all-fiber devices
View degree instrument.
The concrete methods of realizing of embodiment is as follows：
1st, as shown in figure 1, changing the light path of single-photon detection system 400 in connection.Single-photon detecting is changed on successively opening
The laser instrument and thulium doped fiber amplifier of the pumping seed light source 401 of examining system, pump signal light is input into both-end coupling
Periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides, open near infrared signal light laser, and directly it is accessed to into both-end by Polarization Controller
The periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides of coupling.
2nd, by adjusting two Polarization Controllers, the Optimum Matching of both-end coupling period poled lithium niobate waveguide is found
Point so that the outfan of U-shaped free space coupling device 406 and frequency visible ray light intensity are maximum, so that upper conversion single-photon detecting
The waveguide transitions efficiency of examining system is optimal.
3rd, light path is connected as shown in Figure 1, the optical amplifier 102 of laser instrument 101 and first is opened, and laser instrument 101 is exported
Light be near infrared signal light, by near infrared signal light by being input into after isolator 103 and circulator 200 to near-infrared transmitting-receiving one
Body telescope is emitted into air, and signal beams backscattered photons in an atmosphere are collected into conversion single photon detection
System 400, regulating near-infrared transceiver telescope causes the detection counting of transition detection system to reach maximum.Detection is defeated
The signal of telecommunication turn-on time digital to analog converter 501 for going out and computer, carry out respective handling and obtain atmospheric visibility index.
Embodiment two：
Fig. 2 is referred to, the embodiment of the present invention two provides a kind of near-infrared laser based on upper conversion single-photon detector
Visibility meter, emission system 100, circulator 200, telescope 300, it is upper conversion single-photon detector system 400, signals collecting and
Processing system 500, wherein：
The emission system 100 includes laser instrument 101, and the optical signal wave band of the output of the laser instrument 101 is near-infrared ripple
Section,
The circulator 200 is arranged between the light path of the emission system 100 and telescope 300, the circulator 200
With input, outfan and the 3rd end,
The emission system 100 and telescope 300 be connected to by optical fiber respectively the input of the circulator 200 with it is defeated
Go out end,
3rd end of the circulator 200 is connected with the input of the upper conversion single-photon detector system 400, described
The input of signal acquisition and processing system 500 is connected with the outfan of the upper conversion single-photon detector system 400.
Preferably, the circulator 200 is optical fiber circulator.
The upper conversion single-photon detector system 400 include pumping seed light source 401, the first Polarization Controller 402, the
Two Polarization Controllers 403, wavelength division multiplexer 404, periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides 405, aspheric surface object lens 410, DM dichroics
Mirror 411, low pass filters 412, band pass filter 413, prism 414, silicon single-photon detector 408, the upper conversion single photon
The optical signal that the input of detector system 400 is exported with pumping seed light source 401 is respectively through first Polarization Controller
402 with second Polarization Controller 403 after be input to the wavelength division multiplexer 404, the light of the output of the wavelength division multiplexer 404
Signal passes sequentially through periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides 405, aspheric surface object lens 410, DM dichroic mirrors 411, low pass filters
412nd, be input to the silicon single-photon detector 408 after band pass filter 413 and prism 414, the wavelength division multiplexer 404 be with
The corresponding wavelength division multiplexer of output wavelength of pumping seed light source 401 and laser instrument 101, the periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides
405 is the periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides of single-port-coupled.
The emission system 100 also includes the first optical amplifier 102 and isolator 103, first optical amplifier
102 and the isolator 103 be successively set between the laser instrument 101 and the circulator 200, the pumping seed light source
The second optical amplifier 409 is provided between 401 and second Polarization Controller 403.
Preferably, the laser instrument 101 is pulse optical fiber, and the pumping seed light source 401 swashs for jointed fiber
Light device, the light signal energy of the output of the laser instrument 101 is micro- less than 200 burnt per pulses, the transmission wave band of the telescope 300 with
The wavelength of optical signal of the output of laser instrument 101 matches.
The optical signal wave band of the output of pumping seed light source 401 is C-band communication bands, and the laser instrument 101 is exported
The close 2um of wavelength of optical signal.
The wavelength of optical signal of the output of pumping seed light source 401 is 1550nm, and first optical amplifier 102 is to mix
Thulium fiber amplifier；The wavelength of optical signal of the output of the laser instrument 101 is 1950nm, and second optical amplifier 409 is to mix
Doped fiber amplifier, the wavelength division multiplexer 404 is 1950nm/1550nm wavelength division multiplexers.
The signal acquisition and processing system 500 includes time digital-to-analog conversion system 501 and central processing unit 502, described
The outfan of time digital-to-analog conversion system 501 is connected with the input of central processing unit 502；Described periodic polarized Lithium metaniobate
The conversion efficiency of waveguide 405 is not less than 99%.
Embodiment three：
Fig. 3 is referred to, the embodiment of the present invention three provides a kind of near-infrared laser based on upper conversion single-photon detector
Visibility meter, emission system 100, circulator 200, telescope 300, it is upper conversion single-photon detector system 400, signals collecting and
Processing system 500, wherein：
The emission system 100 includes laser instrument 101, and the optical signal wave band of the output of the laser instrument 101 is near-infrared ripple
Section,
The circulator 200 is arranged between the light path of the emission system 100 and telescope 300, the circulator 200
With input, outfan and the 3rd end,
The emission system 100 and telescope 300 be connected to by optical fiber respectively the input of the circulator 200 with it is defeated
Go out end,
3rd end of the circulator 200 is connected with the input of the upper conversion single-photon detector system 400, described
The input of signal acquisition and processing system 500 is connected with the outfan of the upper conversion single-photon detector system 400.
Preferably, the circulator 200 is optical fiber circulator.
The upper conversion single-photon detector system 400 include pumping seed light source 401, the first Polarization Controller 402, the
Two Polarization Controllers 403, wavelength division multiplexer 404, periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides 405, aspheric surface object lens 410, DM dichroics
Mirror 411, Volume Bragg grating 415, low pass filters 412, band pass filter 413, silicon single-photon detector 408, described upper turn
The input for changing single-photon detector system 400 is inclined respectively through described first with the optical signal that pumping seed light source 401 is exported
Shake and be input to the wavelength division multiplexer 404, the wavelength division multiplexer 404 after controller 402 and second Polarization Controller 403
The optical signal of output passes sequentially through periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides 405, aspheric surface object lens 410, DM dichroic mirrors 411, body cloth
The silicon single-photon detector 408, the wavelength-division are input to after glug grating 415, low pass filters 412 and pass filter piece 413
Multiplexer 404 is wavelength division multiplexer corresponding with the output wavelength of pumping seed light source 401 and laser instrument 101, the periodicity
Poled lithium niobate waveguide 405 is the periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides of single-port-coupled.
The emission system 100 also includes the first optical amplifier 102 and isolator 103, first optical amplifier
102 and the isolator 103 be successively set between the laser instrument 101 and the circulator 200, the pumping seed light source
The second optical amplifier 409 is provided between 401 and second Polarization Controller 403.
Preferably, the laser instrument 101 is pulse optical fiber, and the pumping seed light source 401 swashs for jointed fiber
Light device, the light signal energy of the output of the laser instrument 101 is micro- less than 200 burnt per pulses, the transmission wave band of the telescope 300 with
The wavelength of optical signal of the output of laser instrument 101 matches.
The optical signal wave band of the output of pumping seed light source 401 is C-band communication bands, and the laser instrument 101 is exported
The close 2um of wavelength of optical signal.
The wavelength of optical signal of the output of pumping seed light source 401 is 1550nm, and first optical amplifier 102 is to mix
Thulium fiber amplifier；The wavelength of optical signal of the output of the laser instrument 101 is 1950nm, and second optical amplifier 409 is to mix
Doped fiber amplifier, the wavelength division multiplexer 404 is 1950nm/1550nm wavelength division multiplexers.
The signal acquisition and processing system 500 includes time digital-to-analog conversion system 501 and central processing unit 502, described
The outfan of time digital-to-analog conversion system 501 is connected with the input of central processing unit 502；Described periodic polarized Lithium metaniobate
The conversion efficiency of waveguide 405 is not less than 99%.
Implement the embodiment of the present invention one, two, three, have the advantages that：
1st, the upper conversion single-photon detector that present invention employs near infrared band low-noise efficient detects system as receiving
System, due to its efficient detection efficient, in the same dynamic range surveyed, significantly reduces the pulse near infrared band and believes
The power requirement of number LASER Light Source, facilitates implementation the laser radar of the near-infrared all -fiber of the miniaturization portable of low-power output
Visibility meter system.
2nd, the present invention solve laser radar visibility meter system based on the visible light source of silicon single-photon detector and
Based on indium gallium arsenic single-photon detector or the laser radar visibility meter system institute of the near-infrared light source of superconducting single-photon detector
The many inferior positions for facing, it is possible to achieve HDR, small volume, lightweight, portable safe full optical fiber laser radar
Visibility meter.
3rd, the present invention to eye-safe, and is visited using C-band communication bands as laser acquisition wave band using the wave band
Survey drastically increases the disguise of visibility detection, and can realize being seamlessly connected with communication optical fiber.
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those skilled in the art
For, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications are also considered as
Protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. based on the upper near-infrared laser visibility meter for changing single-photon detector, it is characterised in that include：Emission system
(100), circulator (200), telescope (300), upper conversion single-photon detector system (400), signal acquisition and processing system
(500), wherein：
The emission system (100) includes laser instrument (101), and the optical signal wave band of laser instrument (101) output is near-infrared
Wave band, the telescope (300) is the transmitting-receiving integrated telescope of near infrared band,
The circulator (200) is arranged between the light path of the emission system (100) and telescope (300), the circulator
(200) with input, outfan and the 3rd end,
The emission system (100) and telescope (300) be connected to by optical fiber respectively the input of the circulator (200) with
Outfan,
3rd end of the circulator (200) is connected with the input of upper conversion single-photon detector system (400), described
The input of signal acquisition and processing system (500) is connected with the outfan of upper conversion single-photon detector system (400)；
It is described it is upper conversion single-photon detector system (400) including pumping seed light source (401), the first Polarization Controller (402),
Second Polarization Controller (403), wavelength division multiplexer (404), periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides (405), U-shaped free space coupling
Device (406), silicon single-photon detector (408), the light letter of the input input of upper conversion single-photon detector system (400)
Number with pumping seed light source (401) output optical signal respectively by first Polarization Controller (402) it is inclined with described second
Shakes the wavelength division multiplexer (404) that be input to after controller (403), and the optical signal of wavelength division multiplexer (404) output is successively
By being input to the silicon single photon after the periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides (405), U-shaped free space coupling device (406)
Interference filter element (407), the wavelength division multiplexer are provided with detector (408), the U-shaped free space coupling device (406)
(404) it is wavelength division multiplexer corresponding with the output wavelength of pumping seed light source (401) and laser instrument (101), the periodicity
It is connected using multimode fibre between poled lithium niobate waveguide (405) and U-shaped free space coupling device (406), the periodicity pole
Change the periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides that lithium niobate waveguides (405) are coupled for both-end；The U-shaped free space coupling device (406)
It is connected by multimode fibre between the silicon single-photon detector (408)；The emission system (100), circulator (200),
Connected with optical fiber between each component of telescope (300) and upper conversion single-photon detector system (400)；The laser instrument
(101) wavelength of optical signal of output is 1550nm, and the wavelength of optical signal of pumping seed light source (401) output is 1950nm.
2. according to claim 1 based on the upper near-infrared laser visibility meter for changing single-photon detector, its feature exists
In the emission system (100) also includes the first optical amplifier (102) and isolator (103), first optical amplifier
(102) and the isolator (103) be successively set on light path that the laser instrument (101) formed with the circulator (200) it
Between, it is provided with the second optics between the light path that the pumping seed light source (401) is formed with second Polarization Controller (403)
Amplifier (409).
3. according to claim 2 based on the upper near-infrared laser visibility meter for changing single-photon detector, its feature exists
In the laser instrument (101) is pulse optical fiber, and the pumping seed light source (401) is jointed fiber laser instrument, described
The light signal energy of laser instrument (101) output is micro- less than 200 burnt per pulse, the transmission wave band and laser of the telescope (300)
The wavelength of optical signal of device (101) output matches.
4. according to claim 2 based on the upper near-infrared laser visibility meter for changing single-photon detector, its feature exists
In first optical amplifier (102) is erbium-doped fiber amplifier；Second optical amplifier (409) is thulium doped fiber
Amplifier, the wavelength division multiplexer (404) is 1950nm/1550nm wavelength division multiplexers.
5. according to claim 2 based on the upper near-infrared laser visibility meter for changing single-photon detector, its feature exists
In the signal acquisition and processing system (500) includes time digital-to-analog conversion system (501) and central processing unit (502), described
The outfan of time digital-to-analog conversion system (501) is connected with the input of central processing unit (502)；Described periodic polarized niobium
The conversion efficiency of sour lithium waveguide (405) is not less than 99%.
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| CN110388988A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2019-10-29 | 山东量子科学技术研究院有限公司 | A kind of polarization of all -fiber is without shutting conversion single-photon detector |
| TW202019113A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2020-05-16 | 財團法人工業技術研究院 | Optical wireless unit, free space optical wireless control unit and free space optical wireless control method |
| CN109764967A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-05-17 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | Inhibit the method and system of multimode fibre coupling SNSPD dark counting |
| CN110187358B (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2024-01-09 | 中国科学技术大学 | Polarization noise isolation system of receiving and transmitting coaxial laser radar |
| CN112799099A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2021-05-14 | 南京红露麟激光雷达科技有限公司 | Near-infrared all-fiber water vapor differential absorption laser radar |
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