A kind of long-distance optical fiber vibration sensing system with distributed air-defense
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sensor-based system, particularly to a kind of long-distance optical fiber vibration sensing system with distributed air-defense characteristic.
Background technology
21st century is the epoch of information technology, and as the important means of acquisition of information, sensor technology is increasingly subject to people's attention, and is applied widely in social life.Big satellite to Aero-Space, spacecraft, little automobile to daily life, refrigerator etc., invariably there is the figure of sensor.
Development along with semiconductor technology and Modern optical communication technology, Fibre Optical Sensor is owing to having electromagnetism interference, the outstanding features such as highly sensitive, simple in construction, have substituted traditional sensor type in some key area, gradually such as electromagnetic sensor, resistance sensor etc..
At national defence and public safety field, sensor plays important role, such as the temperature sensor in fire-fighting, the vibrating sensor etc. of monitoring perimeter security.There is wide boundary line in China, along with opening progressively deeply, steal into another country, the event such as traffic in drugs happens occasionally, serious threat is to national security.Existing perimeter security system, monitoring range is little, and sensitivity is low, and positioning precision is poor, it is impossible to meet the needs of border security protection.Such as Sun Qizhen, Liu Deming et al. " Novel distributed optical fiber vibration sensing system based on ring structure ", Acta Physica Sinica, Vol56 (10), 2007.Can being monitored in the length that length is 1.01Km, spatial resolution is 40m.
Summary of the invention
The technical scheme to be solved of the present invention is to provide a kind of long-distance optical fiber vibration sensing system with distributed air-defense, to solve the deficiencies in the prior art.
For solving technique scheme, the present invention provides a kind of long-distance optical fiber vibration sensing system with distributed air-defense, including: Raman pump laser, for exporting pump light to sensing optic cable;Seed laser instrument, for Output of laser;Manipulator, connect described seed laser instrument, for the Laser Modulation that described seed laser instrument exports is become pulse signal;Circulator, connect described manipulator, the pulse signal that can be exported by described manipulator inputs described sensing optic cable, and receives by the interference light formed by the described pulse signal generation backscattering of described Raman pump laser distributed air-defense in described sensing optic cable;Fiber amplifier wave filter, connect described circulator, for the interference light that described circulator receives is amplified Filtering Processing;Optical-electrical converter, connect described fiber amplifier wave filter, for the interference light signal after described fiber amplifier filter process is converted to the signal of telecommunication;Harvester, connect described optical-electrical converter, be used for gathering the described signal of telecommunication;Signal processor, connect described harvester, process the signal of telecommunication after described harvester gathers, and judge whether to need to report to the police according to result.
One of preferred version as the present invention, described seed laser center wavelength is 1550nm, C-band or L-band, and live width is the KHz order of magnitude to the MHz order of magnitude.
One of preferred version as the present invention, described Raman pump laser and seed laser wavelength match.
One of preferred version as the present invention, described fiber amplifier wave filter includes fiber amplifier and wave filter;Described fiber amplifier centre wavelength and described seed laser instrument match, and described filter center wavelength and fiber amplifier centre wavelength match.
One of preferred version as the present invention, described optical-electrical converter is PIN or APD.
One of preferred version as the present invention, described signal processor is also connected with described manipulator, in order to send initial signal to described manipulator.
One of preferred version as the present invention, described manipulator is acousto-optic modulator or electrooptic modulator.
One of preferred version as the present invention, the described long-distance optical fiber vibration sensing system with distributed air-defense also includes wavelength division multiplexer;Described circulator connects described wavelength division multiplexer, described Raman pump laser also connects described wavelength division multiplexer by one first isolator, sensing optic cable described in described wavelength division multiplexer, forms forward pumping, and described manipulator connects described circulator by one second isolator.
One of preferred version as the present invention, described circulator connects one end of described sensing optic cable, described Raman pump laser connects the other end of described sensing optic cable by one the 3rd isolator, forms backward pump, and described manipulator connects described circulator by one the 4th isolator.
One of preferred version as the present invention, the described long-distance optical fiber vibration sensing system with distributed air-defense also includes wavelength division multiplexer and bonder;Described wavelength division multiplexer connects one end of described circulator and described sensing optic cable, described Raman pump laser connects described bonder by one the 5th isolator, described bonder connects the other end of described wavelength division multiplexer and described sensing optic cable, to form two directional pump, described manipulator connects described circulator by one the 6th isolator.
One of preferred version as the present invention, the centre wavelength of described wavelength division multiplexer matches with described seed laser instrument and described Raman pump laser.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is: the boundary line of distance can be monitored (the longest can to more than 100Km), and highly sensitive, positioning precision is accurate.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the module diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the module diagram of another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the module diagram of another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Embodiment one
In the present embodiment, Raman pump laser forward pumping, refer to Fig. 1, a kind of long-distance optical fiber vibration sensing system with distributed air-defense, including the seed laser instrument being sequentially connected with, acousto-optic modulator, second isolator, circulator, fiber amplifier, wave filter, optical-electrical converter, harvester, and signal processor, it also includes the Raman pump laser being sequentially connected with, first isolator, and wavelength division multiplexer, wherein, circulator is connected with wavelength division multiplexer, signal processor is connected with acousto-optic modulator, one end of sensing optic cable is inputted after the output light of wavelength division multiplexer integration seed laser instrument and Raman pump laser, form forward pumping.
Signal processor can send initial signal to acousto-optic modulator, initial signal includes the information such as modulating frequency and modulation width, so that signal modulated on request by acousto-optic modulator, the laser that seed laser instrument sends is modulated into after pulse signal after circulator incoming wave division multiplexer through acousto-optic modulator and enters sensing optic cable, and the pump light of Raman pump laser output also enters sensing optic cable after incoming wave division multiplexer after the first isolator.The laser that seed laser instrument sends, in sensing optic cable, by Raman pump laser distributed air-defense, meanwhile, the laser after amplification, interact with sensing optic cable, there is Rayleigh scattering phenomenon, owing to the module of the present embodiment is arranged, the only back rayleigh scattering light in same pulse width transmission range, phenomenon can be interfered, produce interference light.Interference light is amplified by fiber amplifier after wavelength division multiplexer, circulator, and after device filters after filtering, the device that is photoelectrically converted receives, the signal of telecommunication is converted to by optical-electrical converter, harvester is by the signals collecting after opto-electronic conversion, and send into signal processor and carry out signal processing, the second isolator and the first isolator are for preventing the interference light of backscattering from affecting the output of seed laser instrument and Raman pump laser.
Owing to extraneous small vibration can cause sensing optic cable fiber core refractive index and length to change, and then cause the back rayleigh scattering light phase difference in same pulse width to change, notable change can be there is in the interference light signal that then backscattering produces, this change through fiber amplifier amplify and after filtering device process filtering noise after amplified, and input signal processor after the sampling of acquired device, signal processor can judge according to default information, obtain position and intensity that vibration occurs, and at sensing optic cable, dangerous situation alarm occurs.
Embodiment two
In the present embodiment, Raman pump laser backward pump, refer to Fig. 2, a kind of long-distance optical fiber vibration sensing system with distributed air-defense, including the seed laser instrument being sequentially connected with, acousto-optic modulator, 4th isolator, circulator, fiber amplifier, wave filter, optical-electrical converter, harvester, and signal processor, it also includes the Raman pump laser being sequentially connected with, and the 3rd isolator, wherein, circulator and the 4th isolator connect, 4th isolator connects one end of sensing optic cable, 3rd isolator connects the other end of sensing optic cable, signal processor is connected with acousto-optic modulator.After the pump light of Raman pump laser output and the output of seed laser instrument, the pulse signal of modulated formation inputs the two ends of sensing optic cable respectively, forms backward pump.
Signal processor can send initial signal to acousto-optic modulator, initial signal includes the information such as modulating frequency and modulation width, so that signal modulated on request by acousto-optic modulator, the laser that seed laser instrument sends is modulated into, through acousto-optic modulator, the one end entering sensing optic cable after pulse signal through circulator, and the pump light of Raman pump laser output inputs the other end of sensing optic cable after the 3rd isolator.The laser that seed laser instrument sends, in sensing optic cable, by Raman pump laser distributed air-defense, meanwhile, the laser after amplification, interact with sensing optic cable, there is Rayleigh scattering phenomenon, owing to the module of the present embodiment is arranged, the only back rayleigh scattering light in same pulse width transmission range, phenomenon can be interfered, produce interference light.Interference light is amplified by fiber amplifier after circulator, and after device filters after filtering, the device that is photoelectrically converted receives, the signal of telecommunication is converted to by optical-electrical converter, harvester is by the signals collecting after opto-electronic conversion, and send into signal processor and carry out signal processing, the 4th isolator and the 3rd isolator are for preventing the interference light of backscattering from affecting the output of seed laser instrument and Raman pump laser.
Owing to extraneous small vibration can cause sensing optic cable fiber core refractive index and length to change, and then cause the back rayleigh scattering light phase difference in same pulse width to change, notable change can be there is in the interference light signal that then backscattering produces, this change through fiber amplifier amplify and after filtering device process filtering noise after amplified, and input signal processor after the sampling of acquired device, signal processor can judge according to default information, obtain position and intensity that vibration occurs, and at sensing optic cable, dangerous situation alarm occurs.
Embodiment three
In the present embodiment, Raman pump laser two directional pump, refer to Fig. 3, a kind of long-distance optical fiber vibration sensing system with distributed air-defense, including the seed laser instrument being sequentially connected with, acousto-optic modulator, 6th isolator, circulator, fiber amplifier, wave filter, optical-electrical converter, harvester, and signal processor, it also includes Raman pump laser, the 5th isolator being connected with Raman pump laser, the bonder being connected with the 5th isolator, and the wavelength division multiplexer being connected with bonder, and wavelength division multiplexer connects one end of sensing optic cable, bonder connects the other end of sensing optic cable, the pump light that Raman pump laser exports is made to input sensing optic cable two ends respectively, form two directional pump.
Signal processor can send initial signal to acousto-optic modulator, initial signal includes the information such as modulating frequency and modulation width, so that signal modulated on request by acousto-optic modulator, the laser that seed laser instrument sends is modulated into, through acousto-optic modulator, the one end entering sensing optic cable after pulse signal after circulator then through wavelength division multiplexer, the pump light of Raman pump laser output is divided into two bundles after the 5th isolator and bonder, a branch of one end entering sensing optic cable through wavelength division multiplexer, the other end of a branch of input sensing optic cable.The laser that seed laser instrument sends, in sensing optic cable, by Raman pump laser distributed air-defense, meanwhile, the laser after amplification, interact with sensing optic cable, there is Rayleigh scattering phenomenon, owing to the module of the present embodiment is arranged, the only back rayleigh scattering light in same pulse width transmission range, phenomenon can be interfered, produce interference light.Interference light is amplified by fiber amplifier after wavelength division multiplexer and circulator, and after device filters after filtering, the device that is photoelectrically converted receives, the signal of telecommunication is converted to by optical-electrical converter, harvester is by the signals collecting after opto-electronic conversion, and send into signal processor and carry out signal processing, the 6th isolator and the 5th isolator are for preventing the interference light of backscattering from affecting the output of seed laser instrument and Raman pump laser.
Owing to extraneous small vibration can cause sensing optic cable fiber core refractive index and length to change, and then cause the back rayleigh scattering light phase difference in same pulse width to change, notable change can be there is in the interference light signal that then backscattering produces, this change through fiber amplifier amplify and after filtering device process filtering noise after amplified, and input signal processor after the sampling of acquired device, signal processor can judge according to default information, obtain position and intensity that vibration occurs, and at sensing optic cable, dangerous situation alarm occurs.
In above three embodiment, seed laser center wavelength is 1550nm, C-band, L-band or other wavelength, and live width is KHz magnitude to MHz;Acousto-optic modulator, it is possible to for electrooptic modulator, is referred to as manipulator;Raman pump laser and seed laser wavelength match;The centre wavelength of wavelength division multiplexer matches with seed laser instrument and Raman pump laser;Fiber amplifier and wave filter can be collectively referred to as fiber amplifier wave filter, and fiber amplifier centre wavelength and seed laser instrument match, and filter center wavelength and fiber amplifier centre wavelength match;Optical-electrical converter can be PIN, it is possible to for APD and other electrooptical device.
Owing to the present invention adopts the interference light that back rayleigh scattering light produces to position, thus, its positioning precision is high, highly sensitive;And, have employed Raman pump laser to combine with seed laser instrument so that pulse signal amplifies gradually in sensing optic cable, it is ensured that the transmission of distance, system monitoring distance provided by the invention is greatly improved, the longest distance to more than 100Km can be monitored.
Above example is only in order to illustrative not limiting technical scheme.Without departing from any modification or partial replacement of spirit and scope of the invention, all should be encompassed in the middle of scope of the presently claimed invention.