CN104390940A - Near-infrared laser visibility meter based on upconversion single-photon detector - Google Patents
Near-infrared laser visibility meter based on upconversion single-photon detector Download PDFInfo
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- CN104390940A CN104390940A CN201410697295.2A CN201410697295A CN104390940A CN 104390940 A CN104390940 A CN 104390940A CN 201410697295 A CN201410697295 A CN 201410697295A CN 104390940 A CN104390940 A CN 104390940A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a near-infrared band laser radar visibility meter based on an upconversion single-photon detector. The laser radar visibility meter comprises an emission system, a circulator, a telescope, an upconversion single-photon detector system and a signal acquisition and processing system, wherein an optical signal band output by the laser is a near-infrared band; and the telescope is a near-infrared band transmitting/receiving integrated telescope. According to the laser radar visibility meter disclosed by the invention, the high-efficiency and low-noise upconversion single-photon detection system on the near-infrared band serves as a receiving detection system, multiple disadvantages in a visible light source laser radar visibility meter system based on a silicon single-photon detector and a near-infrared light source laser radar visibility meter system based on an InGaAs single-photon detector or a superconducting single-photon detector are overcome, and a portable and safe all-fiber laser radar visibility meter with the advantages of wide dynamic range, small size and light weight can be realized.
Description
Technical field
Patent of the present invention relates to laser radar field, particularly relates to the near-infrared laser visiometer based on upper conversion single-photon detector.
Background technology
In recent years, due to constantly increasing the weight of of environmental pollution, the haze situation of urban has started the life health to resident, the security etc. of go on a journey traffic and airport and highway causes huge threat, and the visibility index therefore measured as weighing air turbidity has important practical significance.
The visibility of air can be measured accurately based on backward scattered laser radar visibility meter, it by launching a branch of pulse laser beam in air, particle interaction in the pulse laser beam launched and air will produce backscattered photons, the backscattered photons utilizing telescope Received signal strength light beam to produce in atmosphere also realizes detection, thus records the back-scattering light subnumber in different distance (corresponding different time).By the calculating to the back-scattering light subnumber in different distance, the attenuation coefficient of air can be obtained accurately, then by can obtain the visibility index of air to the analysis of attenuation coefficient.Can be widely used and the key areas such as environmental monitoring, highway, harbour, airport based on backward scattered laser radar visibility meter.
At present, the LASER Light Source of conventional laser radar visibility instrument mainly contains visible ray and near infrared two wave bands, and the high efficiency silicon single-photon detector of the many employings of the laser radar system based on visible light source receives detection system the most, but it has following shortcoming:
1. adopt visible light wave range light source, disguised extreme difference, is unfavorable for application of special occasions.
2. adopt visible light wave range light source, need high power laser sources (higher than 10 MJs of every pulses), not high to the security of human eye.
Although and can the problems that face of very effective solution visible light source based on the laser radar system of near infrared light light source, the restriction of its detector performance received due near infrared, the following problem equally also faced:
1. in near-infrared band based on the laser radar visibility meter system of indium gallium arsenic single-photon detector, what its low detection efficiency limited system can measurement dynamic range; The gating patterns of its work significantly extends Measuring Time, which limits the data updating rate of system; The wide range detection that it realizes improves system noise, and reduce further can measurement dynamic range.
2. the laser visibility meter system of based superconductive single-photon detector in near-infrared band, because superconductor detector needs liquid helium to freeze, bulky, which limits that it is practical; The wide range detection that it realizes improves system noise, and reduce further can measurement dynamic range.
Summary of the invention
The object of patent of the present invention is exactly to solve all the problems referred to above, propose a kind of laser radar visibility meter system of the near-infrared band based on upper conversion single-photon detector, system that employs the upper conversion single-photon detector of near-infrared band low-noise efficient as reception detection system, due to its efficient detection efficiency, in the same dynamic range surveyed, significantly reduce the power requirement of the pulse signal LASER Light Source to near-infrared band, be convenient to the laser radar visibility meter system of the near infrared all-fiber realizing the miniaturization portable that low-power exports.
Near-infrared laser visiometer based on upper conversion single-photon detector provided by the invention, it comprises: emission coefficient, circulator, telescope, upper conversion single-photon detector system, signal acquisition and processing system, wherein:
Described emission coefficient comprises laser instrument, and the light signal wave band that described laser instrument exports is near-infrared band, and described telescope is the transmitting-receiving integrated telescope of near-infrared band,
Described circulator is arranged between described emission coefficient and telescopical light path, and described circulator has input end, output terminal and the 3rd end,
Described emission coefficient and telescope respectively by Fiber connection to the input end of described circulator and output terminal,
3rd end of described circulator is connected with the input end of described upper conversion single-photon detector system, and the input end of described signal acquisition and processing system is connected with the output terminal of described upper conversion single-photon detector system.
Preferably, described circulator is optical fiber circulator.
Preferably, described upper conversion single-photon detector system comprises pumping seed light source, first Polarization Controller, second Polarization Controller, wavelength division multiplexer, periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides, U-shaped free space coupling device, silicon single-photon detector, the light signal that the light signal of the input end input of described upper conversion single-photon detector system and pumping seed light source export is input to described wavelength division multiplexer respectively by after described first Polarization Controller and described second Polarization Controller, the light signal that described wavelength division multiplexer exports is successively by described periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides, described silicon single-photon detector is input to after U-shaped free space coupling device, interference filter element is provided with in described U-shaped free space coupling device, described wavelength division multiplexer is the wavelength division multiplexer corresponding with the output wavelength of pumping seed light source and laser instrument, multimode optical fiber is adopted to be connected between described periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides with U-shaped free space coupling device, described periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides is the periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides of both-end coupling.U-shaped free space coupling device is also multimode optical fiber coupling U-bench.
Alternatively, described upper conversion single-photon detector system comprises pumping seed light source, first Polarization Controller, second Polarization Controller, wavelength division multiplexer, periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides, aspheric surface object lens, DM dichroic mirror, low pass filters, band pass filter, prism, silicon single-photon detector, the light signal that the input end of described upper conversion single-photon detector system and pumping seed light source export is input to described wavelength division multiplexer respectively through after described first Polarization Controller and described second Polarization Controller, the light signal that described wavelength division multiplexer exports is successively by periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides, aspheric surface object lens, DM dichroic mirror, low pass filters, described silicon single-photon detector is input to after band pass filter and prism, described wavelength division multiplexer is the wavelength division multiplexer corresponding with the output wavelength of pumping seed light source and laser instrument, described periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides is the periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides of single-port-coupled.
Alternatively, described upper conversion single-photon detector system comprises pumping seed light source, first Polarization Controller, second Polarization Controller, wavelength division multiplexer, periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides, aspheric surface object lens, DM dichroic mirror, Volume Bragg grating, low pass filters, band pass filter, silicon single-photon detector, the light signal that the input end of described upper conversion single-photon detector system and pumping seed light source export is input to described wavelength division multiplexer respectively through after described first Polarization Controller and described second Polarization Controller, the light signal that described wavelength division multiplexer exports is successively by periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides, aspheric surface object lens, DM dichroic mirror, Volume Bragg grating, described silicon single-photon detector is input to after low pass filters and pass filter sheet, described wavelength division multiplexer is the wavelength division multiplexer corresponding with the output wavelength of pumping seed light source and laser instrument, described periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides is the periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides of single-port-coupled.
In order to improve beam quality, described emission coefficient also comprises the first optical amplifier and isolator, described first optical amplifier and described isolator are successively set between described laser instrument and described circulator, are provided with the second optical amplifier between described pumping seed light source and described second Polarization Controller.
Preferably, described laser instrument is pulse optical fiber, described pumping seed light source is jointed fiber laser instrument, and the light signal energy that described laser instrument exports is less than the every pulse of 200 micro-Jiao, and the wavelength of optical signal that described telescopical transmission wave band and laser instrument export matches.
Preferably, the light signal wave band that described laser instrument exports is C-band communication band, and the wavelength of optical signal that described pumping seed light source exports is close to 2um; Or the light signal wave band that described pumping seed light source exports is C-band communication band, the wavelength of optical signal that described laser instrument exports is close to 2um.
Preferably, the wavelength of optical signal that described laser instrument exports is 1550nm, and described first optical amplifier is Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA); The wavelength of optical signal that described pumping seed light source exports is 1950nm, and described second optical amplifier is thulium doped fiber amplifier, and described wavelength division multiplexer is 1950nm/1550nm wavelength division multiplexer.
Alternatively, the wavelength of optical signal that described pumping seed light source exports is 1550nm, and described first optical amplifier is thulium doped fiber amplifier; The wavelength of optical signal that described laser instrument exports is 1950nm, and described second optical amplifier is Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA), and described wavelength division multiplexer is 1950nm/1550nm wavelength division multiplexer.
Particularly, described signal acquisition and processing system comprises time digital-to-analog conversion system and central processing unit, and the described output terminal of time digital-to-analog conversion system is connected with the input end of central processing unit; The conversion efficiency of described periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides is not less than 99%.
Preferably, described emission coefficient, circulator, all use Fiber connection between telescope and each assembly of upper conversion single-photon detector system.
The wavelength coverage of C-band communication band is 1530nm ~ 1570nm.
In the present invention, the output terminal of lower powered near infrared pulse signal LASER Light Source is connected with near-infrared band transceiver telescopic system by a circulator, launched by the telescopic system of transceiver and enter air, in air, the backscattered photons of signal beams reenters circulator through the telescopic system coupling reception of transceiver, after exporting from the another port of circulator, the upper conversion single-photon detector of access high-efficient low-noise detects, and the electric signal detected carries out analysis through post-processed program and obtains atmospheric visibility.
The coupling efficiency of the U-shaped free space coupling device of described upper conversion single-photon detector is not less than 85%.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, present invention employs the upper conversion single-photon detector of near-infrared band low-noise efficient as reception detection system, due to its efficient detection efficiency, in the same dynamic range surveyed, significantly reduce the power requirement of the pulse signal LASER Light Source to near-infrared band, be convenient to the laser radar visibility meter system of the near infrared all-fiber realizing the miniaturization portable that low-power exports.
2, many inferior positions that the laser radar visibility meter system that the invention solves the laser radar visibility meter system based on the visible light source of silicon single-photon detector and the near-infrared light source based on indium gallium arsenic single-photon detector or superconducting single-photon detector faces, high dynamic range can be realized, volume is little, lightweight, portable safe Full-optical-fiber laser radar visibility meter.
3, the present invention adopts C-band communication band as laser acquisition wave band, to eye-safe, and adopts this band detection to drastically increase the disguise of visibility detection, and can realize seamless link with communication optical fiber.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art and advantage, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the near-infrared laser visiometer based on upper conversion single-photon detector that the embodiment of the present invention one provides;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the near-infrared laser visiometer based on upper conversion single-photon detector that the embodiment of the present invention two provides;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the near-infrared laser visiometer based on upper conversion single-photon detector that the embodiment of the present invention three provides;
In figure: 100-emission coefficient, 101-laser instrument, 102-first optical amplifier, 103-isolator, 200-circulator, 300-telescope, 400-upper conversion single-photon detector system, 401-pumping seed light source, 402-first Polarization Controller, 403-second Polarization Controller, 404-wavelength division multiplexer, the periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides of 405-, 406-U type free space coupling device, 407-interference filter, 408-silicon single-photon detector, 409-second optical amplifier, 410-aspheric surface object lens, 411-DM dichroic mirror, 412-low pass filters, 413-band pass filter, 414-prism, 415-Volume Bragg grating, 500-signal acquisition and processing system, 501-time digital-to-analog conversion system, 502-central processing unit.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art obtain under the prerequisite of not making creative work, all belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment one:
Refer to Fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention one provides a kind of near-infrared laser visiometer based on upper conversion single-photon detector, emission coefficient 100, circulator 200, telescope 300, upper conversion single-photon detector system 400, signal acquisition and processing system 500, wherein:
Described emission coefficient 100 comprises laser instrument 101, and the light signal wave band that described laser instrument 101 exports is near-infrared band, and described telescope 300 is the transmitting-receiving integrated telescope of near-infrared band,
Described circulator 200 is arranged between described emission coefficient 100 and the light path of telescope 300, and described circulator 200 has input end, output terminal and the 3rd end,
Described emission coefficient 100 and telescope 300 respectively by Fiber connection to the input end of described circulator 200 and circulator output terminal,
3rd end of described circulator 200 is connected with the input end of described upper conversion single-photon detector system 400, and the input end of described signal acquisition and processing system 500 is connected with the output terminal of described upper conversion single-photon detector system 400.
Preferably, described circulator 200 is optical fiber circulator.
Wherein said laser instrument 101 is signal optical source, its exit ports is that optical fiber exports, its port exported realizes the amplification of pulse light by optical amplifier 102, pulse light enters near-infrared band transceiver telescopic system 300 through isolator 103 and circulator 200 subsequently and goes out to inject air, the atmospheric scattering echoed signal of flashlight reclaims through near infrared transceiver telescopic system 300 and enters optical fiber circulator 200, backscatter signals is coupled into conversion single-photon detection system 400 and detects, input embedded computer after its electric signal elapsed time digital to analog converter exported to process.
Described upper conversion single-photon detector system 400 comprises pumping seed light source 401, first Polarization Controller 402, second Polarization Controller 403, wavelength division multiplexer 404, periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides 405, U-shaped free space coupling device 406, silicon single-photon detector 408, the light signal that the light signal of the input end input of described upper conversion single-photon detector system 400 and pumping seed light source 401 export is input to described wavelength division multiplexer 404 respectively by after described first Polarization Controller 402 and described second Polarization Controller 403, the light signal that described wavelength division multiplexer 404 exports is successively by described periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides 405, described silicon single-photon detector 408 is input to after U-shaped free space coupling device 406, interference filter element 407 is provided with in described U-shaped free space coupling device 406, described wavelength division multiplexer 404 is the wavelength division multiplexer corresponding with the output wavelength of pumping seed light source 401 and laser instrument 101, multimode optical fiber is adopted to be connected between described periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides 405 with U-shaped free space coupling device 406, the periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides that described periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides 405 is coupled for both-end.U-shaped free space coupling device is also multimode optical fiber coupling U-bench.U-shaped free space coupling device 406 is connected by multimode optical fiber with between silicon single-photon detector 408.
Preferably, the coupling efficiency of the U-shaped free space coupling device 406 of described upper conversion single-photon detector is not less than 85%.
Described emission coefficient 100 also comprises the first optical amplifier 102 and isolator 103, described first optical amplifier 102 and described isolator 103 are successively set between described laser instrument 101 and described circulator 200, are provided with the second optical amplifier 409 between described pumping seed light source 401 and described second Polarization Controller 403.
Preferably, described laser instrument 101 is pulse optical fiber, described pumping seed light source 401 is jointed fiber laser instrument, and the light signal energy that described laser instrument 101 exports is less than the every pulse of 200 micro-Jiao, and the wavelength of optical signal that the transmission wave band of described telescope 300 and laser instrument 101 export matches.
Preferably, the light signal wave band that described laser instrument 101 exports is C-band communication band, and the wavelength of optical signal that described pumping seed light source 401 exports is close to 2um.
Preferably, the wavelength of optical signal that described laser instrument 101 exports is 1550nm, and described first optical amplifier 102 is Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA); The wavelength of optical signal that described pumping seed light source 401 exports is 1950nm, and described second optical amplifier 409 is thulium doped fiber amplifier, and described wavelength division multiplexer 404 is 1950nm/1550nm wavelength division multiplexer.
Described signal acquisition and processing system 500 comprises time digital-to-analog conversion system 501 and central processing unit 502, and the output terminal of described time digital-to-analog conversion system 501 is connected with the input end of central processing unit 502; The conversion efficiency of described periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides 405 is not less than 99%.The electric signal that described signal acquisition and processing system 500 utilizes pulse screening techniques module to realize detector exports counts, utilize time digital-to-analog conversion system, the count value that record is not corresponding in the same time, utilize software process obtain not in the same time under the dampening information of counting rate.
Described emission coefficient 100, circulator 200, between telescope 300 and each assembly of upper conversion single-photon detector system 400, all use Fiber connection.
Described 1950nm pumping seed light is amplified through thulium doped fiber amplifier, the backscattered photons being coupled into periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides and the signal beams of both-end coupling through 1950/1550nm wavelength division multiplexer occurs non-linearly to act on frequency, and signal beams backscattered photons is converted to light photon.
Described signal beams backscattered photons is coupled into circulator through near-infrared band transceiver telescopic system, through the upper conversion detector system of Polarization Controller access, the periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides and the pump light source that are coupled into double ended fiber coupling through 1950/1550nm wavelength division multiplexer occur non-linearly to act on frequency, are converted into light photon.
Described double ended fiber coupling period poled lithium niobate waveguide is single-mode fiber input, and multimode optical fiber exports.Its export with frequency light photon through U-shaped free space coupling device 406 and interference filter element filtering nonlinear noise, access silicon single-photon detector carries out detection and counts.
Described U-shaped free space coupling device 406 is multimode optical fiber input, and multimode optical fiber exports.
In the above-described embodiments, preferably, described near infrared signal light laser is fiber laser, and its emission wavelength is close to 1.5 microns.
In the present embodiment, all devices are optical fibre device, and the visiometer realized is the visiometer of all-fiber devices.
The concrete methods of realizing of embodiment is as follows:
1, as shown in Figure 1, connection is changed the light path of single-photon detection system 400.Successively open laser instrument and the thulium doped fiber amplifier of the pumping seed light source 401 of conversion single-photon detection system, pump signal light is inputed to the periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides of both-end coupling, open near infrared signal light laser, it is directly accessed to the periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides of both-end coupling by Polarization Controller.
2, by adjustment two Polarization Controllers, find the Optimum Matching point of both-end coupling period poled lithium niobate waveguide, make the output terminal of U-shaped free space coupling device 406 maximum with frequency visible ray light intensity, thus make the waveguide transitions efficiency of conversion single-photon detection system reach optimum.
3, light path is connected as shown in Figure 1, open laser instrument 101 and the first optical amplifier 102, the light that laser instrument 101 exports is near infrared signal light, near infrared signal light is entered air by inputing to the transmitting of near infrared transceiver telescope after isolator 103 and circulator 200, signal beams backscattered photons is in an atmosphere collected and enters conversion single-photon detection system 400, and regulating near-infrared transceiver telescope makes the detection of transition detection system counting reach maximal value.Electric signal digital to analog converter turn-on time 501 that detection exports and computing machine, carry out respective handling and obtain atmospheric visibility index.
Embodiment two:
Refer to Fig. 2, the embodiment of the present invention two provides a kind of near-infrared laser visiometer based on upper conversion single-photon detector, emission coefficient 100, circulator 200, telescope 300, upper conversion single-photon detector system 400, signal acquisition and processing system 500, wherein:
Described emission coefficient 100 comprises laser instrument 101, and the light signal wave band that described laser instrument 101 exports is near-infrared band,
Described circulator 200 is arranged between described emission coefficient 100 and the light path of telescope 300, and described circulator 200 has input end, output terminal and the 3rd end,
Described emission coefficient 100 and telescope 300 respectively by Fiber connection to the input end of described circulator 200 and output terminal,
3rd end of described circulator 200 is connected with the input end of described upper conversion single-photon detector system 400, and the input end of described signal acquisition and processing system 500 is connected with the output terminal of described upper conversion single-photon detector system 400.
Preferably, described circulator 200 is optical fiber circulator.
Described upper conversion single-photon detector system 400 comprises pumping seed light source 401, first Polarization Controller 402, second Polarization Controller 403, wavelength division multiplexer 404, periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides 405, aspheric surface object lens 410, DM dichroic mirror 411, low pass filters 412, band pass filter 413, prism 414, silicon single-photon detector 408, the light signal that the input end of described upper conversion single-photon detector system 400 and pumping seed light source 401 export is input to described wavelength division multiplexer 404 respectively through after described first Polarization Controller 402 and described second Polarization Controller 403, and the light signal that described wavelength division multiplexer 404 exports is successively by periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides 405, aspheric surface object lens 410, DM dichroic mirror 411, low pass filters 412, described silicon single-photon detector 408 is input to after band pass filter 413 and prism 414, described wavelength division multiplexer 404 is the wavelength division multiplexer corresponding with the output wavelength of pumping seed light source 401 and laser instrument 101, and described periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides 405 is the periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides of single-port-coupled.
Described emission coefficient 100 also comprises the first optical amplifier 102 and isolator 103, described first optical amplifier 102 and described isolator 103 are successively set between described laser instrument 101 and described circulator 200, are provided with the second optical amplifier 409 between described pumping seed light source 401 and described second Polarization Controller 403.
Preferably, described laser instrument 101 is pulse optical fiber, described pumping seed light source 401 is jointed fiber laser instrument, and the light signal energy that described laser instrument 101 exports is less than the every pulse of 200 micro-Jiao, and the wavelength of optical signal that the transmission wave band of described telescope 300 and laser instrument 101 export matches.
The light signal wave band that described pumping seed light source 401 exports is C-band communication band, and the wavelength of optical signal that described laser instrument 101 exports is close to 2um.
The wavelength of optical signal that described pumping seed light source 401 exports is 1550nm, and described first optical amplifier 102 is thulium doped fiber amplifier; The wavelength of optical signal that described laser instrument 101 exports is 1950nm, and described second optical amplifier 409 is Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA), and described wavelength division multiplexer 404 is 1950nm/1550nm wavelength division multiplexer.
Described signal acquisition and processing system 500 comprises time digital-to-analog conversion system 501 and central processing unit 502, and the output terminal of described time digital-to-analog conversion system 501 is connected with the input end of central processing unit 502; The conversion efficiency of described periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides 405 is not less than 99%.
Embodiment three:
Refer to Fig. 3, the embodiment of the present invention three provides a kind of near-infrared laser visiometer based on upper conversion single-photon detector, emission coefficient 100, circulator 200, telescope 300, upper conversion single-photon detector system 400, signal acquisition and processing system 500, wherein:
Described emission coefficient 100 comprises laser instrument 101, and the light signal wave band that described laser instrument 101 exports is near-infrared band,
Described circulator 200 is arranged between described emission coefficient 100 and the light path of telescope 300, and described circulator 200 has input end, output terminal and the 3rd end,
Described emission coefficient 100 and telescope 300 respectively by Fiber connection to the input end of described circulator 200 and output terminal,
3rd end of described circulator 200 is connected with the input end of described upper conversion single-photon detector system 400, and the input end of described signal acquisition and processing system 500 is connected with the output terminal of described upper conversion single-photon detector system 400.
Preferably, described circulator 200 is optical fiber circulator.
Described upper conversion single-photon detector system 400 comprises pumping seed light source 401, first Polarization Controller 402, second Polarization Controller 403, wavelength division multiplexer 404, periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides 405, aspheric surface object lens 410, DM dichroic mirror 411, Volume Bragg grating 415, low pass filters 412, band pass filter 413, silicon single-photon detector 408, the light signal that the input end of described upper conversion single-photon detector system 400 and pumping seed light source 401 export is input to described wavelength division multiplexer 404 respectively through after described first Polarization Controller 402 and described second Polarization Controller 403, and the light signal that described wavelength division multiplexer 404 exports is successively by periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides 405, aspheric surface object lens 410, DM dichroic mirror 411, Volume Bragg grating 415, described silicon single-photon detector 408 is input to after low pass filters 412 and pass filter sheet 413, described wavelength division multiplexer 404 is the wavelength division multiplexer corresponding with the output wavelength of pumping seed light source 401 and laser instrument 101, and described periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides 405 is the periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides of single-port-coupled.
Described emission coefficient 100 also comprises the first optical amplifier 102 and isolator 103, described first optical amplifier 102 and described isolator 103 are successively set between described laser instrument 101 and described circulator 200, are provided with the second optical amplifier 409 between described pumping seed light source 401 and described second Polarization Controller 403.
Preferably, described laser instrument 101 is pulse optical fiber, described pumping seed light source 401 is jointed fiber laser instrument, and the light signal energy that described laser instrument 101 exports is less than the every pulse of 200 micro-Jiao, and the wavelength of optical signal that the transmission wave band of described telescope 300 and laser instrument 101 export matches.
The light signal wave band that described pumping seed light source 401 exports is C-band communication band, and the wavelength of optical signal that described laser instrument 101 exports is close to 2um.
The wavelength of optical signal that described pumping seed light source 401 exports is 1550nm, and described first optical amplifier 102 is thulium doped fiber amplifier; The wavelength of optical signal that described laser instrument 101 exports is 1950nm, and described second optical amplifier 409 is Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA), and described wavelength division multiplexer 404 is 1950nm/1550nm wavelength division multiplexer.
Described signal acquisition and processing system 500 comprises time digital-to-analog conversion system 501 and central processing unit 502, and the output terminal of described time digital-to-analog conversion system 501 is connected with the input end of central processing unit 502; The conversion efficiency of described periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides 405 is not less than 99%.
Implement the embodiment of the present invention one, two, three, there is following beneficial effect:
1, present invention employs the upper conversion single-photon detector of near-infrared band low-noise efficient as reception detection system, due to its efficient detection efficiency, in the same dynamic range surveyed, significantly reduce the power requirement of the pulse signal LASER Light Source to near-infrared band, be convenient to the laser radar visibility meter system of the near infrared all-fiber realizing the miniaturization portable that low-power exports.
2, many inferior positions that the laser radar visibility meter system that the invention solves the laser radar visibility meter system based on the visible light source of silicon single-photon detector and the near-infrared light source based on indium gallium arsenic single-photon detector or superconducting single-photon detector faces, high dynamic range can be realized, volume is little, lightweight, portable safe Full-optical-fiber laser radar visibility meter.
3, the present invention adopts C-band communication band as laser acquisition wave band, to eye-safe, and adopts this band detection to drastically increase the disguise of visibility detection, and can realize seamless link with communication optical fiber.
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications are also considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. based on the near-infrared laser visiometer of upper conversion single-photon detector, it is characterized in that, comprise: emission coefficient (100), circulator (200), telescope (300), upper conversion single-photon detector system (400), signal acquisition and processing system (500), wherein:
Described emission coefficient (100) comprises laser instrument (101), and the light signal wave band that described laser instrument (101) exports is near-infrared band, and described telescope (300) is the transmitting-receiving integrated telescope of near-infrared band,
Described circulator (200) is arranged between the light path of described emission coefficient (100) and telescope (300), and described circulator (200) has input end, output terminal and the 3rd end,
Described emission coefficient (100) and telescope (300) respectively by Fiber connection to the input end of described circulator (200) and output terminal,
3rd end of described circulator (200) is connected with the input end of described upper conversion single-photon detector system (400), and the input end of described signal acquisition and processing system (500) is connected with the output terminal of described upper conversion single-photon detector system (400).
2. the near-infrared laser visiometer based on upper conversion single-photon detector according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described upper conversion single-photon detector system (400) comprises pumping seed light source (401), first Polarization Controller (402), second Polarization Controller (403), wavelength division multiplexer (404), periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides (405), U-shaped free space coupling device (406), silicon single-photon detector (408), the light signal that the light signal of the input end input of described upper conversion single-photon detector system (400) and pumping seed light source (401) export is input to described wavelength division multiplexer (404) respectively by after described first Polarization Controller (402) and described second Polarization Controller (403), the light signal that described wavelength division multiplexer (404) exports is successively by described periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides (405), described silicon single-photon detector (408) is input to after U-shaped free space coupling device (406), interference filter element (407) is provided with in described U-shaped free space coupling device (406), described wavelength division multiplexer (404) is the wavelength division multiplexer corresponding with the output wavelength of pumping seed light source (401) and laser instrument (101), multimode optical fiber is adopted to be connected between described periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides (405) with U-shaped free space coupling device (406), the periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides that described periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides (405) is coupled for both-end.
3. the near-infrared laser visiometer based on upper conversion single-photon detector according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described upper conversion single-photon detector system (400) comprises pumping seed light source (401), first Polarization Controller (402), second Polarization Controller (403), wavelength division multiplexer (404), periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides (405), aspheric surface object lens (410), DM dichroic mirror (411), low pass filters (412), band pass filter (413), prism (414), silicon single-photon detector (408), the light signal that the input end of described upper conversion single-photon detector system (400) and pumping seed light source (401) export is input to described wavelength division multiplexer (404) respectively through after described first Polarization Controller (402) and described second Polarization Controller (403), the light signal that described wavelength division multiplexer (404) exports is successively by periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides (405), aspheric surface object lens (410), DM dichroic mirror (411), low pass filters (412), described silicon single-photon detector (408) is input to after band pass filter (413) and prism (414), described wavelength division multiplexer (404) is the wavelength division multiplexer corresponding with the output wavelength of pumping seed light source (401) and laser instrument (101), the periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides that described periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides (405) is single-port-coupled.
4. the near-infrared laser visiometer based on upper conversion single-photon detector according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described upper conversion single-photon detector system (400) comprises pumping seed light source (401), first Polarization Controller (402), second Polarization Controller (403), wavelength division multiplexer (404), periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides (405), aspheric surface object lens (410), DM dichroic mirror (411), Volume Bragg grating (415), low pass filters (412), band pass filter (413), silicon single-photon detector (408), the light signal that the input end of described upper conversion single-photon detector system (400) and pumping seed light source (401) export is input to described wavelength division multiplexer (404) respectively through after described first Polarization Controller (402) and described second Polarization Controller (403), the light signal that described wavelength division multiplexer (404) exports is successively by periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides (405), aspheric surface object lens (410), DM dichroic mirror (411), Volume Bragg grating (415), described silicon single-photon detector (408) is input to after low pass filters (412) and pass filter sheet (413), described wavelength division multiplexer (404) is the wavelength division multiplexer corresponding with the output wavelength of pumping seed light source (401) and laser instrument (101), the periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides that described periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides (405) is single-port-coupled.
5. according to the near-infrared laser visiometer based on upper conversion single-photon detector in claim 1-4 described in any one claim, it is characterized in that, described emission coefficient (100) also comprises the first optical amplifier (102) and isolator (103), described first optical amplifier (102) and described isolator (103) are successively set between the light path that described laser instrument (101) and described circulator (200) formed, the second optical amplifier (409) is provided with between the light path that described pumping seed light source (401) and described second Polarization Controller (403) are formed.
6. the near-infrared laser visiometer based on upper conversion single-photon detector according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described laser instrument (101) is pulse optical fiber, described pumping seed light source (401) is jointed fiber laser instrument, the light signal energy that described laser instrument (101) exports is less than the every pulse of 200 micro-Jiao, and the wavelength of optical signal that the transmission wave band of described telescope (300) and laser instrument (101) export matches; Wherein:
The light signal wave band that described laser instrument (101) exports is C-band communication band, and the wavelength of optical signal that described pumping seed light source (401) exports is close to 2um; Or the light signal wave band that described pumping seed light source (401) exports is C-band communication band, the wavelength of optical signal that described laser instrument (101) exports is close to 2um.
7. the near-infrared laser visiometer based on upper conversion single-photon detector according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the wavelength of optical signal that described laser instrument (101) exports is 1550nm, and described first optical amplifier (102) is Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA); The wavelength of optical signal that described pumping seed light source (401) exports is 1950nm, and described second optical amplifier (409) is thulium doped fiber amplifier, and described wavelength division multiplexer (404) is 1950nm/1550nm wavelength division multiplexer.
8. the near-infrared laser visiometer based on upper conversion single-photon detector according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the wavelength of optical signal that described pumping seed light source (401) exports is 1550nm, and described first optical amplifier (102) is thulium doped fiber amplifier; The wavelength of optical signal that described laser instrument (101) exports is 1950nm, and described second optical amplifier (409) is Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA), and described wavelength division multiplexer (404) is 1950nm/1550nm wavelength division multiplexer.
9. the near-infrared laser visiometer based on upper conversion single-photon detector according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described signal acquisition and processing system (500) comprises time digital-to-analog conversion system (501) and central processing unit (502), and the output terminal of described time digital-to-analog conversion system (501) is connected with the input end of central processing unit (502); The conversion efficiency of described periodic polarized lithium niobate waveguides (405) is not less than 99%.
10. according to the near-infrared laser visiometer based on upper conversion single-photon detector in claim 1-9 described in any one claim, it is characterized in that, described emission coefficient (100), circulator (200), between telescope (300) and each assembly of upper conversion single-photon detector system (400), all use Fiber connection.
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