CN104390884A - Automatic Arctic sea ice density measuring device - Google Patents
Automatic Arctic sea ice density measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104390884A CN104390884A CN201410738714.2A CN201410738714A CN104390884A CN 104390884 A CN104390884 A CN 104390884A CN 201410738714 A CN201410738714 A CN 201410738714A CN 104390884 A CN104390884 A CN 104390884A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an automatic arctic sea ice density measuring device, which belongs to the technical field of automatic detection and metering, and is mainly applied to the field of automatic monitoring of the arctic sea ice. An automatic arctic sea ice density real-time measuring method is provided, so that reliable data support can be provided for scientific research personnel to research the thermodynamics of the arctic sea ice. The automatic arctic sea ice density measuring device consists of a sea ice density detection sensor and a single chip microprocessor controller. The sea ice density detection sensor is designed according to the attenuation characteristics of a sound wave in the sea ice of a given distance, and the single chip microprocessor controller is used for controlling the data storage and wireless transmission, so that the automatic remote wireless measurement of the arctic sea ice density is realized. The problem of non-real-time property in the existing sea ice density measurement technology can be solved, so that the automatic dynamic sea ice density measuring device which is mainly applied to the field of polar exploration is disclosed.
Description
Technical field
A kind of polar region of the present invention sea ice density automatic measurement mechanism, belongs to Aulomatizeted Detect field of measuring techniques, is mainly used in sea ice automatic monitoring field, polar region.
Background technology
Polar region ocean surface major part is covered by sea ice, the formation and development of air and ocean process control sea ice, but sea ice also gives retroactive effect simultaneously.The character such as sea ice thermodynamics, mechanics, electricity, optics decide by the character and their size, shape, distribution and proportion forming sea ice composition.Polar region sea ice density is one of important physical character of sea ice.Sea ice density size depends on the factors such as seawater salinity, environment temperature, one-tenth ice position, Sea Ice Types and ice age.Also by sample location mode and time, and the impact of density inspect method.Meanwhile, because sea ice has more hole compared with fresh ice, its variable density is larger.Sea ice inner structure more complicated, except most solid, also comprise the composition of liquids and gases, and content can change in time.Thus in fact sea ice density can think a function be made up of multivariate.The sea ice of zones of different, the sea ice in even same sea area, also exists very large fluctuation at the numerical value of Different periods.Foreign study result shows, and the density fluctuation of sea ice is in 0.72g/cm3 to 0.94g/cm3 scope, and mean value is about 0.91g/cm3.At present, the measuring method of various countries scientist to polar region sea ice density mainly relies on scene to drill through sea ice ice core, sectional sampling, then carries out calculating according to the method for volume and mass ratio and obtains, cannot realize the real-time automatic monitoring of sea ice density in sea ice growth course.Therefore seek that a kind of to carry out to sea ice density the device that robotization measures in real time particularly important.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is a kind of polar region sea ice density automatic measurement mechanism, its objective is and provides a kind of polar region sea ice density real-time automatic measurement method, provide reliable Data support for scientific research personnel studies polar region sea ice thermodynamics.Apparatus of the present invention comprise sea ice density detection sensor and Single-chip Controlling instrument two parts composition.This invention propagate in the sea ice of a determining deviation according to sound wave after attenuation characteristic, design sea ice density detection sensor, utilize Single-chip Controlling instrument to carry out data storage, wireless transmission control etc., achieve the long distance wireless automatic measurement method of polar region sea ice density.Overcome non real-time nature problem in existing sea ice density measure technology, thus disclose a kind of measurement mechanism being mainly used in the dynamic sea ice density of robotization in polar expedition field.
A kind of polar region of the present invention sea ice density measuring equipment, is characterized in that package unit is primarily of sea ice density detection sensor 15 and Single-chip Controlling instrument 14 two parts composition.Described sea ice density detection sensor 15 comprises support 1, sonic wave emitting elements 2, acoustic receiver element 3, multi-channel electronic switch 4, securing member 5 and temperature chain 12 and forms.Described Single-chip Controlling instrument 14 is produced by single-chip microcomputer 6, oscillator signal and power amplifier 7, signal processing circuit 8, storer 9 and wireless sending module 10 form.
Described support 1 is the aluminum alloy trough that two wide 5mm of the long 10cm of 200cm are thick, every root groove drills through the hole of diameter 5cm according to the spacing of 15cm, for fixing sonic wave emitting elements 2 and sound wave receiving element 3; Sonic wave emitting elements 2 is the elements being specifically designed to acoustic emission, diameter 5cm, and airtight waterproof can send the sound wave of 30Hz ~ 80Hz, and a groove of support 1 is evenly laid according to the interval of 15cm; Acoustic receiver element 3 be specifically designed to receive the sound wave sent with sonic wave emitting elements 2 propagate in sea ice after signal, diameter 5cm, airtight waterproof.From the upper end of support to lower end, a corresponding acoustic receiver element 3 of sonic wave emitting elements 2.Multi-channel electronic switch 4 has two, one for gating sonic wave emitting elements, one, for gating acoustic receiver element, is arranged on the back side of support 1 respectively with insulative water-proof material seal; Securing member 5 is wide is 5cm, and thickness is 3mm, and length is the steel disc of 50cm, the upper and lower side bolted of the aluminum alloy trough of upper and lower two connection brackets and support 1, forms a rectangle frame); In the bottom of each acoustic receiver element 3, arrange a temp probe 12, temp probe is DS18B20, and multiple temp probe is with three lines and connect the temperature data directly reading sea ice with single-chip microcomputer.(sea ice density measuring equipment structural drawing as shown in Figure 1)
Single-chip microcomputer 6 is cores of Single-chip Controlling instrument 14, and it controls other circuit collaborative work; The effect of oscillator signal generation and power amplifier 7 is oscillator signals of a generation certain frequency, and amplifies through power amplifier; The effect of signal processing circuit 8 is that the acoustic signals received acoustic receiver element 3 carries out detection amplification process; The effect of storer 9 is that the signal after the acoustic receiver collected by single-chip microcomputer stores; Wireless sending module 10 is iridium satellite wireless data transmission modules, and its effect is that data wireless is sent to domestic Surveillance center; Wire 11 is signal wire between Single-chip Controlling instrument and sea ice density detection sensor and power lead.(sea ice density measuring equipment is shown in Fig. 1, and sea ice density detection sensor vertical view is shown in Fig. 2)
The principle of apparatus of the present invention measurement sea ice density is decay difference when utilizing sound wave to propagate in the sea ice of different densities.Because the major parameter affecting sea ice density has temperature, porosity etc., so before utilizing sound wave propagation characteristic measure sea ice density in sea ice, must by carrying out great many of experiments in laboratory, the sea ice obtaining different densities during different temperatures, to the propagation characteristic of the sound wave of different frequency, sets up the database of this characteristic.The attenuation data of sound wave in sea ice of the sea ice temperature then utilizing in-site measurement to obtain and fixed frequency, searches the curve of " temperature---acoustic attenuation amount---density " in database, obtains the density of on-the-spot monitored sea ice.
The present invention be a kind of polar region sea ice density automatic measurement mechanism compared with prior art the present invention there is following characteristics and beneficial effect: the present invention can detect the sea ice density at different depth place, polar region efficiently, and robotization Real-Time Monitoring can be realized, data wireless remote transmission, for the thermodynamics change procedure in sea ice growth course provides analysis foundation.A kind of polar region of the present invention sea ice density automatic measurement mechanism structure is simple, and cost is lower, measures accurately.Described measuring method step is simple, and measurement result is true and reliable, can be applicable to polar expedition or winter coastal waters sea ice monitoring field.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The structural representation of Fig. 1 polar region sea ice density measuring equipment
Fig. 2 sea ice density detection sensor vertical view
1. support 2. sonic wave emitting elements 3. acoustic receiver element 4. multi-channel electronic switch 5. securing member 6. single-chip microcomputer 7. oscillator signal produces and power amplifier 8. signal processing circuit 9. storer 10. wireless sending module 11. connects wire 12.DS18B20 temp probe 13. sea ice 14. Single-chip Controlling instrument 15. sea ice density detection sensor.
Embodiment
embodiment 1:
1. the installation of polar region sea ice density measuring equipment
Polar region of the present invention sea ice density measuring equipment is applicable to the fixed point monitoring to sea ice, so first will select suitable observation station in a pre-installation, is advisable with flat ice then, and when sea ice has freezed certain thickness (20-more than 30cm), selected observation station.Drill through 50cm in ice face long, the ice seam of wide 10cm, is then uprightly installed to sea ice density sensor in ice seam, and sensor frame is lived, in order to avoid fall down from crevasse with a cross bar.Single-chip Controlling instrument is arranged in an instrument chest, is connected by Single-chip Controlling instrument with wire with sea ice density sensor.Power to package unit, power supply is Large Copacity spirally wound lead acid battery.
2. polar region sea ice density survey step
The different principle of decay after the device that the present invention measures sea ice density utilizes sound wave to propagate in the sea ice of different densities carries out density measure, and be arranged on by package unit after on sea ice, measuring process is as follows:
Step one: Single-chip Controlling instrument control damping is swung and power amplifier produces the oscillator signal of certain frequency and is sent to multi-channel electronic switch through wire.
Step 2: Single-chip Controlling instrument control multi-channel electronic switch makes first pair of acoustic emission original paper from top to bottom on support 1 and sound wave receiving element and circuit debugging, first sonic wave emitting elements sends acoustic signals, propagate in sea ice, acoustic receiver element corresponding with it receives the acoustic signals after sea ice decay.
Step 3: the signal that acoustic receiver element receives is transferred to signal processing circuit through multi-channel electronic switch, signal processing circuit is through detection, and deliver to single-chip microcomputer after the process such as A/D conversion, single-chip microcomputer carries out collection to this signal and stores.
Step 4: electronic multi-channel switch turns off the connection of Single-chip Controlling instrument and first pair of sonic wave emitting elements and sound wave receiving element.
Step 5: repeat step 2, step 3 and step 4, utilize Single-chip Controlling instrument control multi-channel electronic switch open successively Single-chip Controlling instrument and second to, the 3rd right ... the conducting of the 10th pair of sonic wave emitting elements and sound wave receiving element and shutoff, realize sea ice from the superiors to the measurement successively of orlop density.
Step 6: single-chip microcomputer carries out the reading of temperature data to all temp probes be arranged on below acoustic receiver element and stores.
Step 7: application iridium satellite wireless communication module, is regularly sent to state's inner bank base receiver or boat-carrying receiver by the data result of storage.
Step 8: on computers according to the curved line relation of sea ice " temperature---acoustic attenuation amount---density ", calculate sea ice density.
embodiment 2
in traditional sampling and measuring sea ice density method, generally the 20cm that is evenly truncated into of an ice core is carried out density measure as sample and can meet research needs.So medium-height trestle 1 of the present invention arranges a pair acoustic emission original paper and acoustic receiver original paper every 15cm from top to bottom, add the diameter 5cm of acoustic emission and reception original paper, ensure that sea ice is monitored every 20cm.The thickness about about 2 meters in polar region sea ice general winter, therefore arrange 10 and just can meet the needs of variation in thickness within 2 meters in sea ice growth course to transmitting and receiving element.Other is with embodiment 1.
Claims (1)
1. a polar region sea ice density measuring equipment, is characterized in that package unit is primarily of sea ice density detection sensor (15) and Single-chip Controlling instrument (14) two parts composition;
Described sea ice density detection sensor (15) comprises support (1), sonic wave emitting elements (2), acoustic receiver element (3), multi-channel electronic switch (4), securing member (5) and temperature chain (12) composition;
Single-chip Controlling instrument (14) is produced by single-chip microcomputer (6), oscillator signal and power amplifier (7), signal processing circuit (8), storer (9) and wireless sending module (10) form, described support (1) is the aluminum alloy trough that two wide 5mm of the long 10cm of 200cm are thick, every root groove drills through the hole of diameter 5cm according to the spacing of 15cm, for fixing sonic wave emitting elements (2) and sound wave receiving element (3); Sonic wave emitting elements (2) is the element being specifically designed to acoustic emission, diameter 5cm, and airtight waterproof can send the sound wave of 30Hz ~ 80Hz, and a groove of support (1) is evenly laid according to the interval of 15cm; Acoustic receiver element (3) be specifically designed to receive the sound wave sent with sonic wave emitting elements (2) propagate in sea ice after signal, diameter 5cm, airtight waterproof;
From the upper end of support to lower end, a corresponding acoustic receiver element (3) of sonic wave emitting elements (2);
Multi-channel electronic switch (4) has two, one for gating sonic wave emitting elements, one, for gating acoustic receiver element, is arranged on the back side of support (1) respectively with insulative water-proof material seal; Securing member (5) is wide is 5cm, and thickness is 3mm, and length is the steel disc of 50cm, the upper and lower side bolted of the aluminum alloy trough of upper and lower two connection brackets and support (1), forms a rectangle frame); In the bottom of each acoustic receiver element (3), arrange a temp probe (12), temp probe is DS18B20, and multiple temp probe is with three lines and connect the temperature data directly reading sea ice with single-chip microcomputer;
The core of described Single-chip Controlling instrument (14) is single-chip microcomputer (6), and it controls other circuit collaborative work; The effect of oscillator signal generation and power amplifier (7) is the oscillator signal of a generation certain frequency, and amplifies through power amplifier; The effect of signal processing circuit (8) is that the acoustic signals received acoustic receiver element (3) carries out detection amplification process; The effect of storer (9) is that the signal after the acoustic receiver collected by single-chip microcomputer stores; Wireless sending module (10) is iridium satellite wireless data transmission module, and its effect is that data wireless is sent to domestic Surveillance center.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410738714.2A CN104390884A (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2014-12-08 | Automatic Arctic sea ice density measuring device |
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| CN201410738714.2A CN104390884A (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2014-12-08 | Automatic Arctic sea ice density measuring device |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107607438A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2018-01-19 | 南京中探海洋物联网有限公司 | A kind of density of sea water measuring method in a wide range of marine site |
| CN107730549A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-02-23 | 大连海事大学 | A kind of method for calculating sea ice ice age |
| CN109470217A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-03-15 | 河南黄河水文勘测设计院 | A kind of waters ice condition supervising system |
| CN109764837A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-05-17 | 曼图电子(上海)有限公司 | A kind of device detecting river ice layer thickness |
| CN111122382A (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2020-05-08 | 大连理工大学 | Ice density measuring instrument |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107607438A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2018-01-19 | 南京中探海洋物联网有限公司 | A kind of density of sea water measuring method in a wide range of marine site |
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| CN107730549A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-02-23 | 大连海事大学 | A kind of method for calculating sea ice ice age |
| CN109470217A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-03-15 | 河南黄河水文勘测设计院 | A kind of waters ice condition supervising system |
| CN109764837A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-05-17 | 曼图电子(上海)有限公司 | A kind of device detecting river ice layer thickness |
| CN109764837B (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2024-04-09 | 曼图电子(上海)有限公司 | Device for detecting thickness of river ice layer |
| CN111122382A (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2020-05-08 | 大连理工大学 | Ice density measuring instrument |
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Application publication date: 20150304 |