CN104385606B - A kind of composite material parts 3D printing manufacturing process - Google Patents
A kind of composite material parts 3D printing manufacturing process Download PDFInfo
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- CN104385606B CN104385606B CN201410762727.3A CN201410762727A CN104385606B CN 104385606 B CN104385606 B CN 104385606B CN 201410762727 A CN201410762727 A CN 201410762727A CN 104385606 B CN104385606 B CN 104385606B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of composite material parts 3D printing manufacturing process, it is related to a kind of composite material parts quick forming method, using reinforcement arrangement and the method for matrix jet deposition successively alternately, overcome Conventional processing methods and prepare the defects of fiber infiltration is incomplete, hole phenomenon is serious, fibre deformation is serious present in long fibre increasing composite.The present invention uses layered manufacturing method, reinforcing material is used as using the fiber cloth with uniform hole, matrix material is deposited on reinforcing material using jet deposition formation mode, complete the bonding of reinforcement storeroom, the removal of excess stock is synchronously completed using manufacturing process simultaneously, this method can realize the Quick-forming of composite material parts, and forming efficiency and quality are substantially improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to composite rapid shaping field, in particular to a kind of shaping of composite material parts
Method.
Background technology
Fibre reinforced composites generally comprise resin base, Metal Substrate and ceramic matric composite, fiber-reinforced composite
Material is described as the material of new century, has great development potentiality.For fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material and fiber
Strengthen for metal-base composites, all there is high specific strength, high specific stiffness, low-expansion coefficient, lightweight, with aviation
The progress of space flight, military project and civilian industry technology, in recent years the market of composite achieve alarming development.
The traditional preparation technology of long fiber reinforcement metal-base composites be fiber is prepared into by certain technique it is prefabricated
Body, precast body is then prepared into parts using traditional means such as solid state process, liquid phase process, this kind of method is largely restricted
In mould, can not meet to require for the parts traditional handicraft that size is larger, shape is more complicated.Long-fiber-reinforced resin base is answered
The preparation of condensation material traditionally using hand paste, the manually or mechanically mode such as woven preform body, then takes impregnation technology to be molded, right
Traditional hand paste technique still meets to require for the composite material parts of thin-wall part, but molding cycle is grown, and cost is high, right
For the larger parts of thickness, hand paste difficulty in process is larger；Meanwhile the infiltration forming process of large size prefabricated body parts
In there is also the halfway phenomenon of the resin impregnateds such as dry fibers.
A kind of new composite material parts manufacturing process proposed by the present invention, replaced into using fiber cloth with matrix layering
The mode of shape, it can solve the problem that fiber infiltration present in conventional composite materials shaping is not thorough, fibre deformation is big, automaticity
It is low, the problems such as yield rate is low.
The content of the invention
In order to meet the requirement of application, the present invention proposes a kind of process of composite material parts shaping, the technique
It can rapidly produce that profile is complicated, larger-size parts.The technical scheme is that：With various metals or resin
For matrix material, using the fiber cloth with hole as reinforcement material, according to being prepared spare part profile and synusia information
File, the arrangement of fiber cloth and the jet deposition of matrix or infiltration are carried out, is comprised the following steps that：
（1）According to the actual size of parts, three-dimensional modeling is carried out to parts in CAD software, cut using 3D layerings
Piece software carries out Slice by slice cutting processing to the three-dimensional CAD model of parts and obtains a layer profile information;
（2）Using CAM/CAD softwares according to parts synusia Automatic generation of information material forming path;
（3）One layer of releasing agent is smeared on the table;
（4）One layer of Matrix Solution of jet deposition on workbench；
（5）One layer of fiber cloth for carrying uniform hole is laid on matrix, the uniform hole in fiber cloth can guarantee that fiber
Matrix above and below cloth can combine together completely；
（6）Matrix Solution is sprayed in fiber cloth, its pattern is identical with current layer parts pattern；
（7）Matrix jet deposition equipment rises certain altitude；
（8）Repeat step 4 ~ 8 is prepared to parts and completed；
（9）Unnecessary matrix and reinforcement material are removed, obtains final molded parts.
In a kind of above-mentioned composite material parts 3D printing manufacturing process, it is preferably that reinforcement material used is that carbon is fine
Wei Bu, alumina fibre cloth, boron fibre cloth, the one or more of silicon carbide fibre cloth.
In a kind of above-mentioned composite material parts 3D printing manufacturing process, it is preferably that fiber cloth surface has uniform hole,
Hole plays matrix flows channeling, can guarantee that the molten metal above and below fiber cloth or resin can be merged completely.
In a kind of above-mentioned composite material parts 3D printing manufacturing process, it is preferably, spare part profile and synusia information
The not only profile of accurate description parts profile, moreover it is possible to reflect the mechanical property requirements of parts.
In a kind of above-mentioned composite material parts 3D printing manufacturing process, it is preferably, according to the mechanical property of parts
It is required that change every layer of species for arranging fiber, and the arragement direction of fiber cloth.
In a kind of above-mentioned composite material parts 3D printing manufacturing process, it is preferably that it is heavy to be sprayed in every layer of reinforcement
Long-pending matrix pattern is identical with the pattern of parts current layer.
In a kind of above-mentioned composite material parts 3D printing manufacturing process, it is preferably, according to parts current layer performance
Requirement choose various metals or various kinds of resin and carry out jet deposition formation.
In a kind of above-mentioned composite material parts 3D printing manufacturing process, it is preferably that parts shaping is more after completing
Remaining reinforcement and removing for matrix can use conventional machining process, such as cutting, drilling, turning, milling, can also adopt
With special process method, such as Laser Processing, ultrasonic wave processing.
In a kind of above-mentioned composite material parts 3D printing manufacturing process, it is preferably, after every layer of shaping, matrix spray
The height for penetrating depositing device rising determines according to the thickness of the next layer of fiber cloth laid and injection base layer.
In a kind of above-mentioned composite material parts 3D printing manufacturing process, be preferably, workbench be placed in atmospheric environment,
Under vacuum environment or protective gas environment, and with heated according to parts shaping demand, be incubated, cool down etc. it is real-time
Temperature controlling function.
The method of the present invention is using the arrangement of reinforcement and the jet deposition method alternately of matrix, it is possible to produce
The larger parts of various complex outlines, three-dimensional size, while the mechanical property requirements of various parts can also be met.The present invention
New process is provided for production composite material parts, can realize that composite quickly manufactures application.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the process chart of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the formation of parts top view in embodiment 1, wherein 1 is the parts of the jet deposition formation in fiber cloth
Profile top view, 2 be fiber cloth；
Fig. 3 is the successively formation of parts side view in embodiment, wherein 1 is zero of the jet deposition formation in fiber cloth
The matrix material of part profile, 2 be fiber cloth.
Embodiment
A kind of composite material parts 3D printing manufacturing process proposed by the present invention, is deposited into by using more metal jets
Shape technology and layer separated growth principle are combined, and realize successively laying and the jet deposition formation of composite material parts, together
The synchronization that Shi Shixian materials remove, it is possible to achieve efficient, high quality prepares long fiber reinforcement composite material parts.
The present embodiment is to prepare composite material hollow round platform using boron fibre cloth of the surface with uniform hole and ZL114A,
Preparation process is as follows：
A, according to hollow round table actual size, cylinder three-dimensional CAD model is established using SolidWorks, and by gained model
Carry out layered shaping and obtain profile and synusia information, saved as STL formatted files；
B, the profile of hollow round table and synusia information are input in more metal jet forming machines, believed according to parts synusia
Breath, forming machine automatically generate material forming path；
C, start more metal jet forming machines, vacuumize process is carried out to the environment of its workbench, workbench has
The real-time temperature controlling functions such as automatic heating, insulation, cooling, when making the operating ambient temperature be increased to certain value；
D, start on workbench（In Fig. 2 shown in 1）One layer of aluminium alloy solution is sprayed according to parts synusia information；
E, boron fibre cloth is preheating to 600 DEG C in vacuum environment, treats after the completion of first layer metal jet deposition according to zero
The mechanical property requirements of part determine the arragement direction of fiber cloth and lay fiber cloth（In Fig. 2 shown in 2）；
F, monitor in real time and regulate and control workbench temperature, according to information size metal injection liquid thickness on top fiber cloth
For 1mm（In Fig. 2 shown in 3）；
G, metal jet depositing device is moved up according to the thickness of next layer of laying fiber cloth and metal injection layer；
H, repeat step d ~ g is prepared to parts and completed；
I, unnecessary fiber and metal are removed using Laser Processing means, obtains final molded parts.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the invention, for the skill of this area
For art personnel, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles of the invention, that is made any repaiies
Change, equivalent substitution, improvement etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of composite material parts 3D printing manufacturing process, it is characterised in that made with the fiber cloth that there is uniform hole on surface
For reinforcing material, according to spare part profile and synusia information requirements, matrix material jet deposition to reinforcement material surface has
Body step is as follows：
(1) according to the actual size of parts, three-dimensional modeling is carried out to parts in CAD software, to the three-dimensional CAD of parts
Model carries out layered shaping and obtains synusia profile information；
(2) by the synusia profile information of parts be input to matrix injection former in, then forming machine control system according to
Parts synusia Automatic generation of information material forming path；
(3) one layer of releasing agent is smeared on the table；
(4) matrix injection former sprays one layer of Matrix Solution on the table；
(5) one layer of reinforcement material for carrying uniform hole is laid on matrix；
(6) Matrix Solution is sprayed on reinforcement material, prints current layer；
After (7) one layers of shaping, injection former moves up certain altitude；
(8) repeat step 5~7 is prepared to parts and completed；
(9) unnecessary matrix and reinforcement material are removed, obtains final molded parts；
The bore hole size and quantity of the reinforcement material with uniform hole are according to parts performance requirement, matrix material
And reinforcing material property determines.
2. a kind of composite material parts 3D printing manufacturing process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described zero
Part profile and synusia information not only accurate description parts appearance profile, moreover it is possible to reflect the mechanical property requirements of parts.
A kind of 3. composite material parts 3D printing manufacturing process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that enhancing used
Material is carbon cloth, alumina fibre cloth, boron fibre cloth, the one or more of silicon carbide fibre cloth.
4. a kind of composite material parts 3D printing manufacturing process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that according to zero
Part current layer information requirements change the arragement direction of every layer of species for arranging fiber cloth and fiber cloth.
A kind of 5. composite material parts 3D printing manufacturing process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that matrix material
Can be one or more of metals, or one or more of resins.
A kind of 6. composite material parts 3D printing manufacturing process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that every layer of injection
The matrix pattern of shaping is identical with parts current layer pattern.
A kind of 7. composite material parts 3D printing manufacturing process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that every layer of matrix
The thickness of jet deposition determines according to the information requirements of parts current layer.
A kind of 8. composite material parts 3D printing manufacturing process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that parts into
Shape can use the conventional machining process of cutting, drilling, turning, milling or ultrasonic wave processing, laser to add after completing
Work special process method removes the unnecessary matrix in spare part profile periphery and reinforcement.
A kind of 9. composite material parts 3D printing manufacturing process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that every layer of matrix
After the completion of jet deposition, height that jet deposition equipment rises for next layer of fiber cloth thickness and matrix jet deposition thickness degree it
With.
A kind of 10. composite material parts 3D printing manufacturing process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that workbench
With being heated, be incubated, cool down real-time temperature controlling function according to parts shaping demand.
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Address after: 100083 Beijing, Haidian District, Qing Qing Road, building 3, No. 18 Patentee after: Beijing Institute of light quantitative science and Research Co., Ltd. Address before: 100083 Beijing, Haidian District, Qing Qing Road, building 3, No. 18 Patentee before: Advanced Manufacture Technology Center,China Academy of Machinery Science & Technology |