CN111827683A

CN111827683A - Concrete building bull 3D printing device

Info

Publication number: CN111827683A
Application number: CN202010812869.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赖建中; 邱士扬; 张成芹
Original assignee: Nanjing Gouchunni Intelligent Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Nanjing Gouchunni Intelligent Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-08-13
Filing date: 2020-08-13
Publication date: 2020-10-27

Abstract

The invention provides a concrete building multi-head 3D printing device which comprises a printer six-axis robot, a printing head connecting plate, a concrete printing mechanism, a metal printing mechanism, a polishing device and a spraying device. According to the method, the 3D printer is used for preparing the functionally graded concrete composite material, the metal welding printing head on the manipulator is switched while the building outline is printed and the curing time of the concrete is waited, the surfacing process is carried out according to the pre-designed slice path, the required steel bar is printed, the reinforcement process is automatically realized, and the manual intervention is completely not needed.

Description

Concrete building bull 3D printing device

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of building 3D printing equipment, and particularly relates to a multi-head 3D printing device for a concrete building.

Technical Field

For a long time, the construction mode of the construction engineering is limited by factors such as traditional construction tools, manufacturing techniques, building materials and the like, on the one hand, the construction engineering personnel are difficult to put into practice for complex construction techniques, on the other hand, because the traditional construction techniques are not perfect, the use of the techniques not only brings about more serious damage to the environment, but also greatly wastes human resources and social resources. And along with the development and progress of the times, the requirements of people on novel building technologies are more and more urgent, the 3D printing building technology can utilize the advantages of the novel building technology, is not only limited to the use function any more, and can realize the novel building structure which is novel and unique in shape, has artistic interest and is green and environment-friendly so as to meet the requirements of people on higher levels of the building structure.

3D prints important sign honored as the industrial revolution of the third time, and it is regarded as a novel building technology by numerous scholars and has subversive innovation in the building industry. In recent years, 3D printing building technologies and materials are increasingly researched, and 3D printing buildings are developed rapidly, so that the 3D printing building has a wide development prospect in the future building industry.

The multi-head 3D printing device of the existing concrete building in China can only realize a common concrete outline printing process, finish the outline of the building, then carry out a reinforcement process, and finally pour concrete in the space in the outline to form the reinforced concrete material. Therefore, the prior reinforcement process needs to be made into a finished steel skeleton by using the traditional bending, splicing and welding processes, and then the finished steel skeleton is placed into a printed building, so that the real intelligent operation cannot be realized.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a multi-head 3D printing device for a concrete building, which is characterized in that a functional gradient concrete composite material is prepared by using a 3D printer, a metal welding printing head on a manipulator is switched within the time of waiting for concrete curing while the outline of the building is printed, a surfacing process is carried out according to a pre-designed slicing path, a required steel bar is printed, a reinforcement process is automatically realized, and manual intervention is not needed at all.

The multi-head 3D printing device for the concrete building consists of a printer six-axis robot, a printing head connecting plate, a concrete printing mechanism, a metal printing mechanism and a polishing device;

the six-axis robot of the printer comprises a base, an arm part, a wrist part and a mechanical hand part which are sequentially connected through a rotating shaft;

the concrete printing mechanism comprises a concrete printing feed port, a concrete mixing extrusion mechanism, a crushing blade, a concrete printer extrusion screw, a concrete printing servo motor and a concrete printing head extrusion port;

the crushing blade and the concrete printer extrusion screw are arranged in the concrete charging barrel, and the concrete printing feed inlet and the concrete printing head extrusion port are arranged at two ends of the concrete charging barrel;

the metal printing mechanism comprises an electric arc welding printing head servo motor, a welding wire feeding mechanism and a metal welding printing head;

the concrete printing head and the metal welding printing head of the concrete printing mechanism and the metal printing mechanism are detachably connected to one side of the mechanical hand part through a connecting plate;

the mechanical hand part is equipped with 2 and prints the extruding means, and A beats printer head for the concrete, utilizes the delivery pump to carry the mixed material extruding means with the concrete that stirs, utilizes the concrete to print servo motor and drive the concrete printer screw rod rotatory, extrudes the concrete, prints house outline and fills according to the route that the section formed. The B metal bond printhead is not active at this time.

And when the A concrete printing and extruding mechanism stops working according to the program, the B metal welding printing head performs metal printing in the printed house outline to print the steel bar structure. At the moment, the printing head A stops working; 3D printing process of the reinforced concrete composite material is realized, and an integrated house building is built.

After the house is printed, starting the polishing device, carrying out surface treatment on the surface of the house by using a polishing material, removing the problem of rough texture caused by 3D printing accumulation, and finishing the printing process of the whole house.

The concrete 3D printing device provided by the invention covers an ultrahigh-performance concrete 3D printing technology and a metal welding type 3D printing technology, combines an intelligent automatic manipulator surface treatment technology, realizes printing of an ultrahigh-performance house together, and solves the defect of rough surface texture caused by printing and stacking, so that the appearance level of the existing building blank house is achieved.

According to the ultrahigh-performance concrete printing process, multiple materials such as steel fibers, ceramic balls, additives, cement, sand and the like enter the printing, mixing and extruding mechanism in a pneumatic mode at the same time, the materials are pre-stirred and mixed, and the material strips are extruded by utilizing the pressure difference generated by the rotation between the equal-difference reducing screw and the stator, so that the ultrahigh-performance concrete 3D printing process is realized.

In consideration of the safety of building construction, a reinforcement process is required. The required steel bars are manufactured by adopting mature metal welding type 3D printing technology. By utilizing a welding principle, a raw material steel wire for manufacturing the steel bar is heated by an electric arc to reach a metal melting point, and after the steel wire is melted, various reinforcement paths required by modeling in advance are accumulated and printed, so that a mode of combining 3D printing of the ultra-high-performance concrete and 3D printing of a metal electric arc type is realized, and a high-strength and high-safety house is printed and built at the same time.

When the house is printed, firstly, the printed ultra-high performance concrete outline is relatively cured, and when the ultra-high performance concrete outline is not completely cured, polishing equipment is started to perform surface polishing treatment on the outer wall of the house, so that coarse grains generated by the accumulation of concrete materials disappear, and finally, the printing and polishing of the whole house are finished; the external track is positioned in the corresponding direction of the six-axis robot printing track; a jig holder and a jig tray are provided for fixing the polishing apparatus.

In summary, the post-treatment process for 3D printing of buildings and printing of finished surfaces comprises the following steps:

1) firstly, a six-axis robot of a printer works to enable materials in a concrete printing head to work according to a designed path.

2) In the process of printing finished products, when the set concrete is printed and accumulated, the concrete printing head stops working, so that the concrete printing head is accelerated to be cured and the strength and the hardness are improved.

3) At the moment, the metal welding printing head starts to work, and metal materials begin to be stacked according to the printing path by melting the welding wire, so that the reinforcing steel bar reinforcement work of the building is completed.

4) And (3) after all printing processes are finished, finally performing building surface post-treatment, and stopping working, namely the printing robot 1, the concrete printing head 2 and the metal welding printing head 5. And starting the polishing robot 3, clamping the polishing mechanism 4, flattening the inner surface and the outer surface of the printed building, removing redundant printing accumulated materials, and polishing the surface 7 to complete the whole process.

The house printing contour is printed by adopting a high-performance concrete material, and in order to improve the anti-permeability capability, the surface of the house printing contour is sprayed with ultra-high-performance concrete, and a protection measure is adopted for the wall surface of the house.

The whole process uses the ultra-high performance concrete to print the house, so that the number and density of reinforcing bars can be reduced, the weight of the house can be reduced, meanwhile, the building quality of the house can be improved, the building period can be shortened, and the labor cost can be reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1: the concrete 3D printing device front view.

FIG. 2: concrete 3D printing device top view.

FIG. 3: a fixing device of the polishing device.

In the figure, 1, a six-axis robot of a printer, 2, a concrete printing head, 3, a polishing six-axis robot, 4, a polishing mechanism, 5, a metal welding printing head, 6, a finished steel bar printing, 7, a polished surface, 8, a polished molding surface, 9, a clamp bracket and 10, a clamp tray are arranged.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

printing and working process, wherein the post-treatment process for 3D printing of the building and printing of the surface of the finished product comprises the following steps:

1) firstly, a six-axis robot 1 of a printer works to enable materials in a concrete printing head 2 to work according to a designed path.

2) In the process of printing a finished product, when the set concrete is printed and accumulated, the concrete printing head 2 stops working, so that the concrete printing head is accelerated to be cured to improve the strong hardness, and the printing molding surface 8 is obtained.

3) At the moment, the metal welding printing head 5 starts to work, metal materials are piled up according to the printing path by melting the welding wire, a printing finished product reinforcing steel bar 6 is obtained, and reinforcing steel bar arrangement work of the building is completed.

4) And after all printing processes are finished, performing building surface post-treatment, stopping the printing six-axis robot 1, the concrete printing head 2 and the metal welding printing head 5, starting the polishing six-axis robot 3, clamping the polishing mechanism 4 by using the clamp bracket 9 and the clamp tray 10, performing leveling treatment on the inner surface and the outer surface of the printed building, removing redundant printing stacking materials, and realizing the polished surface 7, thereby finishing the whole set of processes.

Claims

1. A concrete building multi-head 3D printing device is characterized in that the structure of the device consists of a printer six-axis robot, a concrete printing mechanism, a metal printing mechanism and a polishing device;

the mechanical hand part is connected with a concrete printing head of a concrete printing mechanism and a metal welding printing head of a metal printing mechanism;

the polishing device is a polishing six-axis robot, and polishing materials are fixed on the polishing device.

2. The concrete building multi-head 3D printing device according to claim 1, wherein the concrete printing mechanism comprises a concrete printing feed port, a concrete mixing extrusion mechanism, a crushing blade, a concrete printer extrusion screw, a concrete printing servo motor and a concrete printing head extrusion port;

broken blade and concrete printer extrusion screw set up in the concrete feed cylinder, and concrete printing feed inlet and concrete print head extrusion opening set up in the both ends of concrete feed cylinder.

3. The concrete building multi-head 3D printing device according to claim 1, wherein the metal printing mechanism comprises an arc welding print head servo motor, a wire feeder, a metal welding print head.

4. The concrete building multi-head 3D printing device according to claim 1, wherein the manipulator part is provided with 2 printing extrusion mechanisms, A is a concrete printer head, the mixed concrete is conveyed to the mixing extrusion mechanism by a conveying pump, a concrete printing servo motor is used for driving a concrete printer screw to rotate, the concrete is extruded, and house outlines are printed and filled according to a path formed by slicing;

at the moment, the metal welding printing head B does not work;

when the concrete printing and extruding mechanism A stops working according to a program, the metal welding printing head B performs metal printing in the printed house outline and prints a steel bar structure;

at the moment, the printing head A stops working; 3D printing process of the reinforced concrete composite material is realized, and an integrated house building is built.

5. The concrete building multi-head 3D printing device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the concrete printer screw is an equal-difference reducing screw; the rotation between the equal-difference reducing screw and the stator is utilized to generate the pressure difference to extrude the material strip.

6. The concrete building multi-head 3D printing device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of materials such as steel fibers, ceramic balls, additives, cement and sand enter the concrete mixing extrusion mechanism at the same time through pneumatic means to perform pre-stirring and mixing of the materials.

7. The concrete building multi-head 3D printing device according to claim 1, wherein a raw material steel wire for manufacturing a reinforcing steel bar is subjected to an argon arc welding process, the steel wire of a reinforcing material is instantly melted by a large current in an arc heating mode to reach a metal melting point, and various reinforcing paths required by modeling in advance are accumulated and printed after the steel wire is melted.

8. The multi-head 3D printing device for the concrete buildings according to claim 1, wherein when the buildings are printed, the first printed ultra-high performance concrete outline begins to be relatively cured and is not completely cured, the polishing device is used for polishing the surface of the outer wall of the building, so that the coarse texture caused by the accumulation of concrete materials disappears, and finally the whole set of the building is printed and polished.

9. The multi-head 3D printing device for the concrete building according to claim 1, wherein the post-treatment process for 3D printing of the building and printing of the surface of the finished product comprises the following steps:

1) firstly, a six-axis robot of a printer works, and materials in a concrete printing head work according to a designed path;

2) in the process of printing a finished product, when the set concrete accumulation is finished, the concrete printing head stops working, so that the concrete printing head is accelerated to be cured to improve the strong hardness;

3) at the moment, the metal welding printing head starts to work, and metal materials begin to be accumulated according to a printing path by melting a welding wire, so that the reinforcement bar arrangement work of the building is completed;

4) after all printing processes are finished, finally performing surface treatment on the inside and the outside of the building, and stopping the printing robot, the concrete printing head and the metal welding printing head; and starting the polishing robot, clamping the polishing mechanism, carrying out flattening treatment on the inner surface and the outer surface of the printed building, removing redundant printing accumulated materials, and polishing the surface to finish the whole process.