CN104364400A - 由无应力cbn复合材料制造的切削工具和制造方法 - Google Patents
由无应力cbn复合材料制造的切削工具和制造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
提供切削工具用刀片和制造刀片的方法。该切削工具用刀片可包含刀体和基底载体。该刀体可具有顶部、底部和连接至顶部和底部的多个侧壁。在不存在支撑物的情况下,该刀体可包含超硬粒子。所述基底载体可具有凹槽。所述刀体的底部和侧壁可适于固定至基底载体的凹槽。
Description
相关申请的交叉参考
本申请要求2012年5月31日提交的临时申请61/653,699的优先权。本申请与名称为“Sintered superhard compact for cutting tool applicationsand method of its production”(用于切削工具应用的烧结超硬复合片和其制造方法)且要求2012年5月31日提交的临时申请61/653,779的优先权的共同待审申请有关。本申请此外与名称为“Method of making a cBNmaterial”(制造cBN材料的方法)且要求2012年5月31日提交的临时申请61/653,686的优先权的共同待审申请有关。
技术领域
本发明总体上涉及切削工具,并且特别地涉及如下的切削工具,其包含无残余应力的烧结体,和固定至合适的硬质金属例如硬质合金硬质金属(cemented carbide hard metal)的切削工具载体上的自立式(free standing)超硬复合材料。
背景技术
多晶立方氮化硼(PCBN)、金刚石和金刚石复合材料通常用于提供用于切削工具例如金属加工中使用的切削工具的超硬切削刃。
用于硬质部件车削的薄cBN复合材料坯体目前随着烧结被制造为硬质合金硬质金属,其也被称为“支撑的”。它们是在高压、高温(HPHT)工艺中制造的,其中首先将cBN复合材料粉末掺合物与硬质合金硬质金属盘一起装载在耐熔囊中。通常将几个这样的囊编成高压腔芯。在HPHT工艺期间,使材料经受至少40,000个大气压的压力和在1300-1450℃范围内的温度。在这样的条件下,cBN复合材料粉末掺合物被烧结得完全致密,并且由于盘中钴的熔化,硬质金属盘熔融或至少变软。
在HPHT烧结工艺期间,cBN复合材料熔合至硬质金属。在HPHT烧结后,压力和温度降至环境条件,并且在这个过程期间,cBN复合材料和硬质合金硬质金属都变成刚性固体。因为cBN复合材料和硬质金属具有不同的机械性质例如体积模量和热性质例如热膨胀,所以产生不可避免的残余应力场。这特别出现在硬质部件车削cBN复合材料的情况下,其在大多数情况下具有如下的陶瓷类粘结材料,其具有比硬质合金硬质金属显著更高的热膨胀系数。因此,cBN复合材料层处于拉伸应力下。图1示出由硬质合金硬质金属支撑的cBN复合材料层。通过X射线衍射(XRD)进行的残余应力分析显示,该cBN复合材料层具有660MPa的拉伸应力。这种拉伸应力降低了材料的机械强度并且可能产生劣化切削工具性能的垂直裂纹,如图1中所示的。
可通过使用金属陶瓷硬质金属盘代替硬质合金来支撑cBN复合材料层,以避免cBN复合材料层中拉伸应力的不利状态。可将金属陶瓷硬质金属设计为具有更高的热膨胀系数,以使得cBN复合材料可被设计为具有压缩残余应力。适度的压缩残余应力可能是有利的,但如果过量,则这样的压缩应力可能导致在cBN复合材料层中出现裂纹,所述裂纹与cBN复合材料/支撑层界面平行。
图2示出由金属陶瓷硬质金属支撑的cBN复合材料层中的裂纹。这种层中的残余应力为约1,400MPa(压缩应力)。在机械负荷下,例如在加工操作中,这种层将会分层并从支撑的金属陶瓷硬质金属剥落。最确定的是,本领域普通技术人员可通过调节金属陶瓷硬质金属组成使其热性质和机械性质与各种cBN复合材料的热性质和机械性质匹配来避免这些问题,然而,从制造工艺和成本的观点来看,这将不是特别期望的解决方案。除此之外,产生必须将金属陶瓷硬质金属支撑材料钎焊至硬质合金类载体的问题,在这种情况下,由于金属陶瓷和硬质合金的热膨胀系数不同,将出现裂纹。
因此,可见需要在韧度要求苛刻的操作例如硬质部件车削中使用的由无应力超硬复合材料制造的切削工具。
发明内容
在一个实施方案中,切削工具用刀片包含具有顶部、底部和连接至顶部和底部的多个侧壁的刀体,其中在不存在支撑物的情况下,刀体包含烧结的超硬材料;和具有凹槽的基底载体,其中刀体的底部和侧壁适于固定至基底载体的凹槽。
在另一个实施方案中,切削工具用刀片可包含具有顶部、底部和连接至顶部和底部的多个侧壁的无应力刀体,其中无应力刀体包含超硬复合材料;和具有凹槽的基底载体,其中刀体的底部和侧壁适于固定至基底载体的凹槽。
在又一个实施方案中,方法可包括以下步骤:将超硬粒子与粘结材料例如陶瓷和/或金属粉末的混合物与有机粘结材料掺合至浆料中;将浆料喷雾干燥成具有均匀组成的颗粒,通过模压将颗粒预压实成所期望的形状和尺寸,其被称为“软质生坯”,在低于1000℃下通过使原料部分反应成含有中间相的约50%致密盘,而将软质生坯体加热成预烧结刚性体,其被称为“硬质生坯”;在高压和高温(HPHT)腔芯中装载多个硬质生坯体;施加高压高温条件以将预烧结刚性体烧结成致密的超硬复合盘;从高压高温条件下移出高压高温腔芯;从高压高温腔中取出致密的超硬复合盘;将超硬复合盘抛光至所期望的厚度;和将具有所期望厚度的致密超硬复合盘切削成所期望的切削工具刀片的刀尖;通过例如钎焊将所述刀尖固定至基底载体中的凹槽以形成切削工具刀片;将切削工具刀片碾磨至所期望的厚度和切削刃几何形状。所期望的厚度可小于2.0mm。在一些实施方案中,所期望的厚度可小于1.4mm。
附图说明
当结合附图阅读时,将更好地理解前述发明内容以及实施方案的以下发明详述。应理解,所描绘实施方案不限于所示的精确配置和手段。
图1是硬质合金支撑的刀尖的光学图像的横截面图,其示出由于PCBN层中的残余拉伸应力而产生的垂直裂纹;
图2是金属陶瓷支撑的刀尖的扫描电子显微镜(SEM)图像的横截面图,其示出由于PCBN层中的压缩应力而产生的水平裂纹;
图3是根据一个实施方案具有固定至切削工具的自立式PcBN刀尖的刀片在使用时的透视图;
图4a是根据一个实施方案具有由云母箔盘内部隔开的一个硬质生坯盘和一个硬质合金盘的耐熔囊的示意图;
图4b是根据一个实施方案其中反向保持盘(counterhold disc)在耐熔囊内部的芯的示意图;
图5a是根据一个实施方案通过将一个云母箔盘置于金属陶瓷盘的每一侧而形成的金属陶瓷块的示意图;
图5b是根据一个实施方案通过将一个Mo箔盘置于硬质生坯盘的每一侧而形成的硬质生坯块的示意图;
图5c是根据一个实施方案通过将一个云母箔盘置于石墨箔盘的每一侧而形成的隔离块的示意图;
图5d是根据另一个实施方案其中反向保持盘在耐熔囊外部的腔芯的示意图;
图6是自立式PCBN刀尖的横截面图的光学图像,其显示由于有利的无应力条件而无缺陷;
图7是实施例1和实施例2与商业硬质部件车削品级相比的后刀面磨损进展的图;
图8a是实施例3和实施例4的后刀面磨损进展的图;
图8b是实施例3和实施例4的凹坑磨损进展的图;以及
图8c是实施例3和实施例4的韧度测试结果的图。
发明详述
如此处所用的,术语“刀片”是指碳化钨或可选切削材料的片件(piece),其被机械保持、钎焊(braze)、焊接(solder)或接合(weld)在模具或基底载体上的位置中,并且在磨损时被丢弃而将其它片件装配在其位置中。实例示于图3中。还参见A Dictionary of Machining(加工词典)(Eric N.Simmons,Philosophical Library(哲学文库),纽约,1972)。
如此处所用的,术语“基底载体”是指如下的刚性体,其将一个或多个切削刀尖牢固保持在位置上以使得它们可利用于车削、铣削、镗孔(boring)、切削或钻孔(drilling)应用中。
一个实施方案由通过本领域中已知的钎焊技术固定至合适的基底载体例如硬质合金硬质金属切削工具刀片的无残余应力的刀体制成。该无残余应力的刀体可包含超硬粒子。超硬粒子可选自立方氮化硼、金刚石和金刚石复合材料。在不存在支撑物例如硬质金属支撑物的情况下,将无残余应力的cBN复合材料制造成薄的自立式盘。硬质金属支撑物可包含碳化钨支撑物。在一个实施方案中,无应力的cBN复合材料的厚度例如可低于2.0mm。在另一个实施方案中,无应力的cBN复合材料可为1.4mm或更薄,例如,如在HPHT工艺后所测量的。
在一个实施方案中,残余的自立式cBN复合盘可具有在35至85体积%cBN含量范围内的cBN和15%至65%范围的陶瓷化合物,该陶瓷化合物例如包括过渡金属硼化物、碳化物、氮化物和氧碳氮化物或其混合物。在另一个实施方案中,自立式cBN复合盘可具有86-99体积%cBN,和1%至14%范围的金属硼化物、碳化物、氮化物和氧碳氮化物的陶瓷化合物与例如钴(Co)、钨(W)、铝(Al)、钛(Ti)、镍(Ni)的金属元素或化合物的残余物(residue)的混合物。这些盘基本上完全不具有残余应力并且容易切削成所期望的形状。在一个实施方案中,钨与钴的比率为1.0-1.8。
以前还不可能制造这样的自立式盘。在现有技术中,通过将cBN与粘结相陶瓷原料粉末混合来制造cBN复合材料,例如将其装载于诸如钽(Ta)、钼(Mo)或铌(Nb)的耐熔囊中。因为松散粉末没有得到压缩并烧结得足够平坦,所以这可能导致将使盘处在所需公差外的非均匀性和厚度变化。在一个实施方案中,而是将cBN原料装载至HPHT腔芯中作为预烧结刚性体。在一个实施方案中,可将盘压缩并均匀烧结至所需要的平坦度和厚度公差。
在一个实施方案中,可在包括以下步骤的方法中制备自立式cBN复合盘:将cBN和粘结相陶瓷粒子在合适的有机溶剂例如乙醇中湿式掺合;将有机粘结材料例如聚乙二醇(PEG)加入浆料中;将所制备的浆料喷雾干燥成颗粒;将颗粒模压成含有初始原料的软质生坯体;通过在流动氢气中将软质生坯体加热至小于1,000℃、例如400-500℃来除去有机粘结材料,然后通过在真空中在高于700℃且低于1100℃的温度下使原料部分反应成中间相,而将软质生坯进一步热处理成预烧结刚性体(或“硬质生坯”);将硬质生坯体与金属陶瓷硬质金属反向保持盘一起但与其相隔地装载在HPHT腔芯中;施加HPHT条件以将预烧结刚性体烧结成完全致密的cBN复合盘;从HPHT条件中移出腔芯,由此可容易地取出自立式cBN复合盘;将完全致密的cBN复合材料碾磨(grind)或研摩(lap)至所期望的最终厚度公差,并切削出适当设计的刀尖以固定至所期望的基底载体;通过例如钎焊将所述刀尖固定至基底载体中的凹槽以形成切削工具刀片;将切削工具刀片碾磨至所期望的厚度和切削刃几何形状。
在一些实施方案中,可在真空中使原料部分反应成中间相,直至软质生坯体达到高于约700℃且低于1,000℃,然后在气体环境例如氮气或氩气中,直至最终温度高于700℃至低于1100℃。
在一个实施方案中,可将硬质生坯装载在单独的耐熔囊中。在这个实施方案的一些变体中,可将几个这样的单独的耐熔囊堆叠以构建完整的HPHT腔芯。一个实施方案的关键特征可以是在囊内含物中包括如下的反向保持盘,其用于在整个HPHT烧结过程中维持硬质生坯盘的均匀厚度的目的。在囊内部在硬质生坯与反向保持盘之间包括诸如矿物盘或非反应性涂层的材料以保持其分隔开也可能是必要的。在高温高压腔芯中,可通过硬质金属反向保持盘例如金属陶瓷反向保持盘来隔开预烧结刚性体。图4a示出这种囊的一个实例。图4b示出其中包含多个具有硬质生坯盘和反向保持盘的囊的HPHT腔芯堆叠的一个实施方案。
在一个实施方案中,反向保持可位于耐熔囊外部。图5a示出这种反向保持的实例,其在该实施例中被称为金属陶瓷块。图5b示出这种囊的实例,其在该实施例中被称为硬质生坯块。图5c示出在HPHT烧结过程期间用于保持硬质生坯块隔离的由石墨箔和云母箔盘形成的隔离块。图5d示出这种实施方案的实例,其中反向保持在耐熔囊外部。每一硬质生坯盘可被充当单独的囊的耐熔金属箔包围。
在这样的实施方案中,反向保持材料比反向保持盘被包括在耐熔囊中时更关键。硬质合金硬质金属盘可能不适于充当耐熔囊外部的反向保持,因为在HPHT条件下硬质合金中的钴熔化并且盘可塑性变形,其中cBN复合盘被烧结并变成刚性盘,而硬质合金盘仍是软的。然而,在HPHT烧结后的冷却期间,硬质合金硬质金属盘再次固化,并且在减压过程期间cBN复合材料与硬质合金刚性盘之间的相对移动可使cBN复合盘破裂。陶瓷盘可能不适于作为耐熔囊外部的反向保持,因为它们是脆性的并且可能在压力斜升(ramp up)期之前破裂。与硬质合金类似,钢反向保持在高温下过软。总之,对于cBN复合材料的HPHT烧结,反向保持材料需要具有足够的韧度和抗压强度以保持其在压力斜升期间的完整性;在烧结温度范围内,反向保持材料不应塑性变形过多从而使得盘平坦度不受损害。发现由金属陶瓷硬质金属制造的反向保持盘具有足够的刚性和抗压强度以及与HPHT过程期间的cBN复合材料类似的膨胀、熔化和再固化模式。设计具有金属陶瓷硬质金属反向保持的高压腔可产生平坦和无应力的cBN复合盘。
在又一个实施方案中,可将多个硬质生坯装载在Ta、Mo或Nb或任何其它耐熔金属的单一耐熔囊中。在这些实施方案中,耐熔囊可含有反向保持盘,构建堆叠顺序以使得每一刚性预烧结盘可通过合适的矿物材料盘或非反应性涂层和/或耐熔金属盘与其它盘隔开。在使用耐熔金属隔离盘的实施方案中,可将金属盘放置为与刚性预烧结盘直接接触,在cBN复合材料上产生附着的金属表面层,其可适于HPHT后加工,例如碾磨或钎焊。
图6示出根据图5在具有芯的HPHT腔中制造的cBN复合材料的横截面图。这种cBN复合材料具有通过X射线衍射(XRD)所测量的约25MPa的残余应力,其在所用XRD方法的精度内被视为无应力。实际上,为此目的,所有具有绝对值低于100MPa的所测量残余应力都可被视为无应力。
参照图3,切削工具40可包括含有凹槽44和孔隙45的基底载体42。基底载体42可由多种材料制成,所述材料包括钴钨硬质合金(cobaltcemented tungsten carbide)。自立式刀体46可具有顶部52,底部50,以及连接至顶部52和底部50的多个侧壁54(或坯体)。刀体46的底部50和侧壁54可适于固定至基底载体42的凹槽44。底部50和侧壁54可通过例如钎焊合金钎焊至基底载体42的凹槽44。
所述自立式刀体可包含如下的超硬粒子,其可选自立方氮化硼、金刚石和金刚石复合材料。所述自立式刀体可不具有如下的支撑物,例如硬质金属支撑物,其包括碳化物支撑物。所述自立式刀体可为无应力刀体。
在钎焊后,可对所述刀片进行标准的刀片精加工工艺,例如顶部和底部碾磨、周边碾磨,和所期望的刃制备和/或涂层。
具体实施方式
实施例1
在辊式研磨机中在乙醇中用硬质合金研磨体将铝(6重量%)、ZrN(6重量%)、ssTiN(58重量%)和cBN(30重量%)的粉末研磨(mill)2小时。在研磨后,将浆料与PEG溶液混合,并且喷雾干燥成球形颗粒。将颗粒预压实成软质生坯盘,随后在真空中在介于700℃与900℃之间的温度下烧制以形成硬质生坯盘。将硬质生坯盘装载在如图5中所示的HPHT腔芯中,然后将所述芯包封入Mo金属囊中,然后在约1300℃至1450℃的温度下用至少2GPa的压力进行HPHT烧结。在HPHT烧结后,盘厚度为约1.3mm。这些盘经过双盘研摩至1mm厚度并通过线式电火花加工(线式EDM)切削成三角形刀尖。将刀尖清洁并在800℃至850℃之间的温度下钎焊至具有活性钎焊合金的碳化物载体上。在钎焊后,通过标准的精加工步骤加工刀片。
实施例2
在立式球磨机(attritor mill)中在乙醇中用金属陶瓷研磨体将铝(5重量%)、TiCN(32重量%)、ssTiN(32重量%)和cBN(31重量%)的粉末研磨5小时。在研磨后,将浆料与PEG溶液混合并喷雾干燥成球形颗粒。以与实施例1相同的方式将颗粒预压实、预烧结和HPHT烧结。切削刀尖并进行钎焊,并且以与实施例1中所述相同的方式精加工刀片。
图7示出实施例1和实施例2与商业硬质部件车削品级相比的后刀面磨损测试结果,所述商业硬质部件车削品级在图7中被称为“对比”。该测试是在8620钢上以连续切削进行的。每2至4分钟停止切削,并且测量和记录后刀面磨损。可以看到,比较品级显示最高的后刀面磨损,而实施例2为最低的后刀面磨损,并且实施例1为中间的。对于来自实施例1、实施例2和相同比较品级的每种的一个样品,在延长的切削时间下进行相同的磨损测试。在切削约45分钟后,实施例1具有0.08mm的后刀面磨损;实施例2具有0.06mm的后刀面磨损,而比较品级具有约0.10mm的后刀面磨损。
实施例3
在辊式研磨机中在乙醇中用硬质合金研磨体将铝(5重量%)、亚化学计量TiN(59重量%)、ZrN(6重量%)和cBN(30重量%)的粉末研磨2小时。在研磨后,将浆料与PEG溶液混合并且如实施例1中所述的进行以下喷雾干燥、预压实、预烧结工艺。将硬质生坯盘与如下硬质合金盘一起单独地装载,其各自在Ta耐熔材料囊中作为反向保持。在各囊中的硬质生坯盘与反向保持盘之间不存在隔离材料。将四个这样的囊装载在腔中并且在约1300℃至1450℃的温度下以至少2GPa的压力进行HPHT烧结。在HPHT烧结后,cBN复合材料层和硬质合金盘被熔合(fuse)在一起。这些盘被称为支撑盘。使支撑盘进行OD碾磨和表面碾磨以制造具有1mm厚度的PCBN层并且具有3.2mm总厚度的盘。
实施例4
以与实施例3中所述的相同的方式制造四个硬质生坯盘。以与实施例3中所述的类似的方式将硬质生坯盘与硬质合金盘一起装载在Ta囊中,但利用硬质金属反向保持盘隔开每一硬质生坯盘,例如其间具有云母箔盘的硬质合金盘以制造自立式盘。将四个这样的囊装载在HPHT腔中,如图4中所示。在与实施例3的相同的条件下进行HPHT烧结后,将自立式cBN复合盘在云母侧上衬垫(pad)研摩至约1mm厚度。
然后通过线式电火花加工(线式EDM)将支撑式和自立式盘切削成刀尖。钎焊刀尖并且以与实施例1中所述的相同的方式精加工刀片。
对实施例3和实施例4测试耐磨性和韧度。在8620钢上以连续切削进行磨损测试。每2至4分钟停止切削,并且测量和记录后刀面磨损和凹坑磨损。在具有Rc 60至62的硬度的52100钢上进行韧度测试。测试每一变体的四个样品。图8示出后刀面磨损(图8a)、凹坑磨损(图8b)和韧度(图8c)的加工结果。在图8中,将自立式刀片称为“FS”,并且将支撑刀片称为“SP”。这两种材料显示相同的后刀面耐磨性。即使两种情况下的cBN复合材料组成相同,自立式刀片还是显示比支撑式刀片更好的凹坑耐磨性和更好的韧度。
实施例5
通过在辊式研磨机中用金属陶瓷研磨体研磨25小时来制造cBN含量为38体积%、47体积%、55体积%、65体积%、75体积%和85体积%并且具有TiCNO和Al作为粘结材料的粉末掺合物。然后将浆料与聚乙二醇(PEG)溶液混合并且以与实施例1中所述的相同的方式进行以下喷雾干燥、预压实和预烧结工艺。在以下HPHT烧结工艺中,制造硬质合金支撑式和自立式盘。除85%cBN的变体之外,所有的硬质合金支撑式cBN复合盘充分烧结。对于85%cBN的变体,硬质合金中的Co在HPHT烧结期间渗入cBN复合材料层中,其有助于改善烧结质量,而在自立式的情况下,不存在另外的Co,其导致不良烧结。然而,对于通过例如以下的一些方法获得的诸如85体积%至99体积%的高cBN变体,自立式的概念仍是可行的。
一种方法在于通过掺合在含有Co或Co/W的粉末中引入更多的Co或Co/W,或通过研磨长时间段以增加掺合物中来自例如硬质合金或金属陶瓷的研磨体的磨屑的量。另一种方式将是在如图4和图5中所示的芯设计中加入与硬质生坯盘接触的含有Co或Co/W的材料的薄箔盘,其中含Co或Co/W的箔在HPHT条件下熔化并渗入cBN复合材料层中。在HPHT后,仅Co或Co/W金属的非常薄层,其可为cBN复合材料层的厚度的10%,可留在cBN复合盘的顶部上,并且该薄层不够厚以致于不会造成对cBN复合盘有害的残余应力。可通过研摩或碾磨容易地除去含有Co或Co/W的材料的薄层。
虽然已参照特定实施方案,但显而易见的是本领域普通技术人员能够在不偏离本发明主旨和范围的情况下设计其它实施方案和变体。所附权利要求书旨在被解读为包括所有这样的实施方案和等效变体。
Claims (32)
1.一种切削工具用刀片,其包含:
具有顶部、底部和连接至所述顶部和所述底部的多个侧壁的无应力刀体,其中所述无应力刀体包含超硬粒子;和
具有凹槽的基底载体,其中所述刀体的底部和多个侧壁适于固定至所述基底载体的凹槽。
2.根据权利要求1所述的切削工具用刀片,其中所述超硬粒子选自立方氮化硼、金刚石和金刚石复合材料。
3.根据权利要求1至2中的任一项所述的切削工具用刀片,其中所述超硬粒子包含在35体积%至99体积%范围内的立方氮化硼。
4.根据权利要求1至2中的任一项所述的切削工具用刀片,其中所述超硬粒子包含在35体积%至85体积%范围内的立方氮化硼。
5.根据权利要求4所述的切削工具用刀片,其还包含在15体积%至65体积%范围内的陶瓷化合物。
6.根据权利要求5所述的切削工具用刀片,其中所述陶瓷化合物选自过渡金属硼化物、碳化物、氮化物和氧碳氮化物。
7.根据权利要求1至2中的任一项所述的切削工具用刀片,其中所述超硬粒子包含在86体积%至99体积%范围内的立方氮化硼。
8.根据权利要求1、2、7中的任一项所述的切削工具用刀片,其还包含在1%至14%范围内的陶瓷化合物和残余物。
9.根据权利要求8所述的切削工具用刀片,其中所述陶瓷化合物选自过渡金属硼化物、碳化物、氮化物和氧碳氮化物。
10.根据权利要求8所述的切削工具用刀片,其中所述残余物包含金属元素或化合物。
11.根据权利要求10所述的切削工具用刀片,其中所述金属元素或化合物包括钨、钴或钨-钴合金。
12.根据权利要求11所述的切削工具用刀片,其中钨与钴的比率是1.0-1.8。
13.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的切削工具用刀片,其中所述刀体不具有支撑物。
14.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的切削工具用刀片,其中所述刀体小于2.0mm厚。
15.根据权利要求14所述的切削工具用刀片,其中所述刀体小于1.4mm厚。
16.一种方法,其包括:
将超硬粒子与粘结材料掺合至浆料中;
通过使原料部分反应成中间相而将软质生坯体加热成预烧结刚性体;和
将多个预烧结刚性体装载在高温高压腔芯中。
17.根据权利要求16所述的方法,其还包括向所述粘结相的有机溶剂中加入有机粘结材料。
18.根据权利要求16和17中的任一项所述的方法,其还包括将所述浆料喷雾干燥成颗粒。
19.根据权利要求18所述的方法,其还包括通过模压将所述颗粒压制成所述软质生坯体。
20.根据权利要求16至19中的任一项所述的方法,其还包括施加高压高温条件以将所述预烧结刚性体烧结成致密的超硬复合盘。
21.根据权利要求16至20中的任一项所述的方法,其还包括从所述高压高温条件中移出所述高压高温腔芯。
22.根据权利要求20所述的方法,其还包括从所述高压高温腔芯中取出所述致密的超硬复合盘。
23.根据权利要求20和22中的任一项所述的方法,其还包括将所述致密的超硬复合盘抛光至所期望的厚度。
24.根据权利要求23所述的方法,其还包括将具有所期望厚度的所述致密的超硬复合盘切削成所期望切削工具刀片的刀尖。
25.根据权利要求16至24中的任一项所述的方法,其中所述预烧结的刚性体由所述高温高压腔芯中的硬质金属反向保持盘隔开。
26.根据权利要求25所述的方法,其中所述硬质金属反向保持盘是金属陶瓷反向保持盘。
27.根据权利要求16至26中的任一项所述的方法,其中所述有机溶剂是乙醇。
28.根据权利要求17所述的方法,其中所述有机粘结材料是聚乙二醇(PEG)。
29.根据权利要求20所述的方法,其中将所述预烧结刚性体烧结成致密的超硬复合盘的高温低于1000℃。
30.根据权利要求16所述的方法,其中所述粘结材料包含TiCNO、亚化学计量(ss)Ti化合物和铝粉。
31.根据权利要求16所述的方法,其中将所述软质生坯体加热成所述预烧结刚性体的温度低于1000℃。
32.根据权利要求24所述的方法,其中所期望的厚度小于2.0mm。
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PCT/US2013/043597 WO2013181523A2 (en) | 2012-05-31 | 2013-05-31 | Cutting tools made from stress free cbn composite material and method of production |
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CN107379663A (zh) * | 2017-08-15 | 2017-11-24 | 郑州磨料磨具磨削研究所有限公司 | 用于合成超硬材料烧结体的多层复合隔层材料 |
CN111511703A (zh) * | 2017-10-25 | 2020-08-07 | 戴蒙得创新股份有限公司 | 用于铁合金加工的pcbn复合片 |
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CN113751711B (zh) * | 2020-06-04 | 2024-03-26 | 河南领科材料有限公司 | 一种聚晶立方氮化硼复合片及制备方法 |
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