CN104353529B - A municipal solid waste shredder - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of domestic waste disintegrating machine, including charging aperture, compression chamber, crusher chamber, discharging opening and compression motor, broken blade is set in crusher chamber, broken blade is connected with broken motor by cutter shaft, by arranging Le Lip river triangular rotor and eccentric shaft in compression chamber, compression rotor can be driven around its center rotation, the most also compression rotor is driven to revolve round the sun around the center of compression chamber, three angles of compression rotor during rotation are made to be close to compression chamber inwall all the time, realize disintegrating machine is automatically controlled by arranging the electric component such as microcomputer controller again.The present invention has the advantage that this disintegrating machine can be prevented effectively from the stall caused owing to twining axle problem compared to existing technology；The size of granule can be changed by the speed difference of the rotating speed of regulation blade and two groups of blades；Can effectively stablize power consumption and control the size of broken rear granule；Continuous-feeding；Reduce the pressure to crushing cutter shaft, prevent the stall that gets stuck.

Description

A municipal solid waste shredder

technical field

The invention relates to the field of garbage crushing, in particular to a municipal household garbage crusher.

Background technique

With the continuous acceleration of the urbanization process, the generation rate of municipal solid waste is also increasing rapidly. A large amount of garbage not only affects the quality of the social environment, but also occupies a large amount of available land, hindering the development of the city. The harmlessness, reduction and recycling of garbage disposal is an important content of urban management. Garbage crushing technology plays an important role in subsequent sorting, incineration, landfill and other aspects. The size of the crushed garbage particles is uniform, which is convenient for screening and extraction. At the same time, the specific surface area of the crushed garbage particles is large, which is conducive to combustion and chemical treatment. Therefore, the crushing of urban garbage has become a necessary link in garbage disposal. Municipal solid waste has complex components, more tough fiber materials, and higher water content, which puts forward higher requirements for the research of garbage crushers. On the basis of being able to crush materials with different components and different physical properties , It is also required that the particle size after crushing is uniform, which is convenient for subsequent processing; at the same time, it is also required to meet the standards proposed by the industry or the country in terms of operating power consumption, noise, and emissions.

There are generally two problems with waste shredding technology. On the one hand, the components of municipal solid waste are complex, and the crushing tools have different adaptability to different physical properties, resulting in uneven particle size after crushing, which brings great inconvenience to subsequent incineration and sorting; on the other hand, To obtain broken particles of different particle sizes, it is often necessary to disassemble the cutter and adjust the shape, density and spacing of the cutter, which is time-consuming and cumbersome to maintain. Therefore, improving and optimizing the existing garbage crusher equipment has a positive effect on improving the quality and efficiency of garbage crushing and creating enterprise efficiency.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and provide a kind of municipal solid waste shredder.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a municipal solid waste crusher, comprising a feed port, a compression chamber, a crushing chamber, a discharge port and a compression motor, the compression chamber is arranged between the feed port and the crushing chamber, and the crushing A discharge port is set at the bottom of the cavity, a discharge port is set at the contact part between the compression cavity and the crushing cavity, a crushing blade is set in the crushing cavity, and the crushing blade is connected with the crushing motor through a knife shaft. The rotor is a triangular Leroux rotor, the compression chamber is cocoon-shaped, the center of the compression rotor is provided with a rotor hole, the inner wall of the rotor hole is provided with a rotor gear, and the rotor shaft is also provided in the rotor hole, the rotor shaft is an eccentric shaft, and the rotor shaft is located at one end of the rotor. Shaft gear, the rotor shaft gear meshes with the rotor gear, and the other end of the rotor shaft is connected to the compression motor. When the compression motor is running, it can drive the compression rotor to rotate around its center, and at the same time drive the compression rotor to revolve around the center of the compression chamber. During the process, the three corners of the compression rotor are always in close contact with the inner wall of the compression chamber.

As a further improvement to the above scheme, a screw push rod is provided above the feed port, and a material guide plate is provided below the discharge port, and the material guide plate is installed vertically on both sides of the discharge port on the top of the crushing chamber.

As a further improvement to the above scheme, there are two groups of crushing blades, which are arranged below the discharge port, respectively on the left and right sides of the discharge port, and each group of crushing blades includes multiple blade.

As a further improvement to the above solution, the knife shafts of the two groups of crushing blades are arranged on the left and right sides of the crushing cavity, and outside the vertical extension line of the material guide plate.

As a further improvement to the above scheme, there are two crushing motors, which drive two groups of crushing blades respectively.

As a further improvement to the above solution, a microcomputer controller is also included, and the microcomputer controller is connected with the compression motor, the screw push rod and the crushing motor.

As a further improvement to the above solution, a power consumption detector is also included, the power consumption detector is connected with the compression motor and the crushing motor, and the power consumption detector is also connected with the microcomputer controller.

As a further improvement to the above solution, a vibrating screen is also included, the vibrating screen is installed under the discharge port, and the vibrating screen is connected with a microcomputer controller.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

1. Only part of the crushing blade is in the crushing area, and the cutter shaft is located outside the crushing area, which avoids the contact between the cutter shaft and the garbage, prevents the phenomenon of shaft winding, and thus avoids the stoppage of the crusher caused by the shaft winding problem.

2. The double crushing knives are equipped with their own adjustment devices, which can adjust the speed of the two groups of crushing blades separately, and change the size of the particles by adjusting the speed of the blades and the speed difference between the two groups of blades.

3. The pre-compressor part of the crusher is equipped with a power consumption detector, which can monitor the power consumption of the crusher in real time and feed it back to the microcomputer controller. After comprehensive analysis, the microcomputer controller automatically adjusts the operation of the compression motor, crushing motor and screw push rod. To stabilize the power consumption and control the size of the crushed particles.

4. The rotor pre-compressor structure is adopted, and the three processes of feeding, compression and feeding are carried out and completed at the same time, which can solve the problem of continuous feeding; in addition, the compression direction does not point to the crushing knife, which can effectively reduce the pressure on the crushing knife shaft. Prevent jammed material from stalling.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a top view of the crushing cavity.

Fig. 3 is a right side view of the compression part structure of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection of electrical components of the present invention.

detailed description

The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. This embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed implementation methods and specific operating procedures are provided, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following implementation example.

A municipal solid waste crusher, comprising a feed port 3, a compression chamber 2, a crushing chamber 7, a discharge port 8 and a compression motor 1, the compression chamber 2 is arranged between the feed port 3 and the crushing chamber 7, and the crushing chamber 7 A discharge port 8 is provided at the bottom, a discharge port 4 is provided at the contact part between the compression chamber 2 and the crushing chamber 7, and a crushing blade 71 is provided in the crushing chamber 7, and the crushing blade 71 is connected with a crushing motor 74 through a knife shaft 72, and the characteristics are as follows: A compression rotor 5 is arranged in the compression chamber 2. The compression rotor 5 is a triangular Leroux rotor. The compression chamber 2 is cocoon-shaped. The center of the compression rotor 5 is provided with a rotor hole 51. The inner wall of the rotor hole 51 is provided with a rotor gear 52. The rotor shaft 53, the rotor shaft 53 is an eccentric shaft, the rotor shaft 53 is located at one end of the rotor, the rotor shaft gear 54 is set, the rotor shaft gear 54 meshes with the rotor gear 52, the other end of the rotor shaft 53 is connected with the compression motor 1, and the compression motor 1 runs At the same time, it can drive the compression rotor 5 to rotate around its center, and also drive the compression rotor 5 to revolve around the center of the compression chamber 2. During the rotation, the three corners of the compression rotor 5 are always close to the inner wall of the compression chamber 2. The compression rotor 5 in the shape of a Leroux triangle divides the cocoon-shaped compression chamber 2 into three areas, namely, a material storage area 21 , a compression area 22 and a discharge area 23 . The storage area 21 is located below the feed port 3, and the storage area 21 is converted into a compression area 22 by the rotation of the compression rotor 5. Through the cooperation of the compression rotor 5 and the compression chamber 2, the space of the compression area 22 gradually becomes smaller, thereby realizing the compression operation , and then rotate with the compression rotor 5, the compression zone 22 is converted into a discharge zone 23, and the discharge zone 23 is located above the discharge port 8. After the discharge operation is completed, the discharge zone 23 is converted into a storage zone 21 again. Such cycle operation realizes the continuous operation of storage, compression and discharge, which solves the shortcoming of only intermittent operation of traditional compressors. The three areas complete their respective cycles independently without affecting each other, and the compression rotor 5 can complete three compression operations in one cycle, and the compression efficiency is very high. The compression direction of the compression operation faces the side wall of the compression chamber 2, unlike the compression direction of the traditional compressor pointing to the crushing knife edge, which greatly reduces the pressure on the crushing knife shaft 72. The compression chamber 2 and the compression rotor 5 are made of materials with high wear resistance, high strength and low linear expansion rate. The compression cavity 2 is constructed by the incision method. The inscribed creation method can ensure that the shape of the compression chamber 2 coincides with the cycloid shape of the three corners of the compression rotor 5, thereby ensuring that the three corners of the compression rotor 5 are always in close contact with the inner wall of the compression chamber 2 during operation, ensuring The storage area 21, the compression area 22 and the discharge area 23 are completely separated to ensure the effectiveness of the compression operation. Through these designs, the good crushing effect of the crusher on the garbage can be guaranteed.

A screw push rod 6 is arranged above the feeding port 3, and a material guide plate 73 is arranged below the discharge port 4, and the material guide plate 73 is vertically installed on both sides of the discharge port 4 at the top of the crushing chamber 7. The screw push rod 6 can accelerate the feeding rate of the crusher, and can also help the compression chamber 2 to store materials. The setting of the material guide plate 73 can ensure that the compressed garbage can fall into the effective crushing area of the crushing blade 71, which ensures the crushing efficiency and reduces the occurrence of the shaft-winding phenomenon.

There are two groups of crushing blades 71, which are arranged below the discharge port 4, respectively on the left side and the right side of the discharge port 4, and each group of crushing blades 71 includes a plurality of blades mounted on the same cutter shaft 72. The two groups of crushing blades 71 rotate in opposite directions and are mutually staggered, so that the crushing effect and efficiency can be improved.

The cutter shafts 72 of the two groups of crushing blades 71 are arranged on the left and right sides of the crushing chamber 7 and outside the vertical extension line of the material guide plate 73 . The cutter shaft 72 is placed outside the effective crushing area, which can ensure that the garbage will not fall directly above the cutter shaft 72, avoiding the contact between the cutter shaft 72 and the garbage, and further reducing the occurrence of the shaft winding phenomenon.

There are two crushing motors 74, which drive two groups of crushing blades 71 respectively. Two groups of crushing motors 74 respectively drive two groups of crushing blades 71. Through this design, the rotational speeds of the two groups of crushing blades 71 can be set separately, and the difference in the rotational speeds of the two groups of crushing blades 71 can help crush more efficiently.

It also includes a microcomputer controller 9, which is connected with the compression motor 1, the screw push rod 6 and the crushing motor 74. Through the microcomputer controller 9, the operation of the compression motor 1, the crushing motor 74 and the screw push rod 6 can be automatically controlled, and the operation of the crusher can be easily adjusted by adjusting the preset value. The microcomputer controller can be an ordinary microcomputer.

It also includes a power consumption detector 92, and the power consumption detector 92 can use MASTECH Huayi MS2203 three-phase intelligent power clamp meter. The power consumption detector 92 is connected with the compression motor 1 and the crushing motor 74 , and the power consumption detector 92 is also connected with the microcomputer controller 9 . The power consumption detector 92 collects the power consumption information of the compression motor 1 and the crushing motor 74, and transmits it to the microcomputer controller 9, and the microcomputer controller 9 analyzes the data returned by the power consumption detector 92, and automatically adjusts the screw push rod 6 1. The running of compression motor 1 and crushing motor 74 controls the speed of feeding and compression and crushing to stabilize power consumption.

Also comprise vibrating screen 91, vibrating screen 91 is installed below discharge port 8, and vibrating screen 91 is connected with microcomputer controller 9. When the crushed garbage particles are larger than the aperture of the vibrating screen 91, they will stay on the vibrating screen 91, and then be rolled by the crushing blade 71 such as the crushing area, and crushed again until passing through the vibrating screen 91. In this way, the crushing effect can be guaranteed.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection of the present invention. within range.

Claims (8)

1. A municipal solid waste crusher, comprising a feed inlet, a compression chamber, a crushing chamber, a discharge outlet and a compression motor, the compression chamber is arranged between the feed inlet and the crushing chamber, and the crushing A discharge port is set at the bottom of the cavity, a discharge port is set at the contact part between the compression cavity and the crushing cavity, and a crushing blade is set in the crushing cavity, and the crushing blade is connected with the crushing motor through a knife shaft, and it is characterized in that: A compression rotor is set in the compression chamber, the compression rotor is a Leroux triangular rotor, the compression chamber is cocoon-shaped, a rotor hole is set in the center of the compression rotor, and a rotor gear is set on the inner wall of the rotor hole. A rotor shaft is also set in the middle, and the rotor shaft is an eccentric shaft. The rotor shaft is located at one end of the rotor and a rotor shaft gear is arranged. The rotor shaft gear meshes with the rotor gear, and the other end of the rotor shaft is connected to the When the compression motor is running, it can drive the compression rotor to rotate around its center, and at the same time drive the compression rotor to revolve around the center of the compression chamber. During the rotation process, the three parts of the compression rotor The two corners are always in close contact with the inner wall of the compression chamber. 2. A municipal solid waste crusher as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: a screw push rod is set above the feed inlet, and a material guide plate is set below the discharge opening, and the material guide plate is vertically It is installed directly on both sides of the discharge port on the top of the crushing chamber. 3. A kind of municipal solid waste crusher as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: said crushing blades have two groups, which are arranged below the discharge opening, respectively on the left side and the right side of the discharge opening. On the side, each set of crushing blades includes multiple blades mounted on the same cutter shaft. 4. A municipal solid waste crusher as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the cutter shafts of the two groups of crushing blades are arranged on the left and right sides of the crushing cavity, and are located at the vertical extension line of the material guide plate. outside. 5 . The municipal domestic waste crusher according to claim 4 , further comprising a microcomputer controller connected to the compression motor, the screw push rod and the crushing motor. 6 . 6. A kind of municipal solid waste crusher as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: there are two crushing motors, which respectively drive the two groups of crushing blades, and the two crushing motors communicate with the microcomputer controller respectively. connect. 7. A kind of municipal solid waste crusher as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: it also includes a power consumption detector, the power consumption detector is connected with the compression motor and the crushing motor, and the power consumption detection The device is also connected with the microcomputer controller. 8. A municipal solid waste crusher as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: it also includes a vibrating screen, the vibrating screen is installed below the discharge port, and the vibrating screen is connected to the microcomputer controller .