CN104328409A - 一种建筑铝型材表面环保钝化工艺 - Google Patents

一种建筑铝型材表面环保钝化工艺 Download PDF

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CN104328409A
CN104328409A CN201310309856.2A CN201310309856A CN104328409A CN 104328409 A CN104328409 A CN 104328409A CN 201310309856 A CN201310309856 A CN 201310309856A CN 104328409 A CN104328409 A CN 104328409A
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
    • C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
    • C23C22/34—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides
    • C23C22/36—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides containing also phosphates
    • C23C22/361—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides containing also phosphates containing titanium, zirconium or hafnium compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2222/00—Aspects relating to chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive medium
    • C23C2222/20—Use of solutions containing silanes

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  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
  • Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种建筑铝型材表面环保钝化工艺，所述工艺采用的钝化液的组成以重量百分数计为：水性聚氨酯11-13%，r-巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷4.5-6.5％，氟钛酸0.8-1.2％，氟锆酸1.5-2.5%，硝酸铈1-2%，醋酸1.3-1.7％，甘油硅烷醚5.5-7.5％，磷酸氢二铵0.3-0.5%，乙二醇丁醚4-6％，聚氧化乙烯5-7％，聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚0.2-0.4％，余量为去离子水；所述钝化工艺为：(1)酸蚀脱脂；(2)钝化处理，配制具有上述组成的钝化液，使其pH值为2.5-3.5，温度25-45℃，将铝型材浸渍2-4分钟或喷淋3-5分钟，喷淋压力0.08-0.12MPa；(3)冲洗，干燥。

Description

一种建筑铝型材表面环保钝化工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及表面处理技术领域，尤其涉及一种建筑铝型材表面环保钝化工艺。
背景技术
涂料成膜过程，或称成膜机理不外乎二类：一是溶剂挥发涂料干燥成膜。它不发生化学反应，是一种物理现象。例硝基漆及乙烯漆。另一类是通过化学反应交联化成膜。
众所周知，环境保护已不是哪个国家，哪个地区的事，而已成为全球共同关注和需要共同解决的严重社会问题。涂装前处理废水包括脱脂、除锈、表调、磷化、钝化水及其清洗水，它们往往排放量大，浓度低，成份复杂。废水中有悬浮物，难降解的表面活性剂，以及磷酸根、酸、碱和重金属锌、镍、锰、铬等离子。
一些发达国家对废水中的重金属离子做了严格限制，如德国废水中镍含量不允许超过0.2～0.5ppm，特别是铬元素在排放废水中实行严格控制，例：欧洲排放水中不允许超过0.3mg/m3，有的国家甚至提议废水中无铬(Cr3+及Cr6+)，无COD、无BOD、无有害气体。德国、日本等国家早已投入研究无镍、无铬前处理产品。亚硝酸钠是世界公认的致癌物质。氟化钠是剧毒物质，重铬酸钾易污染，硫酸、硝酸、盐酸腐蚀性大。由于亚钠价格低廉，又具良好的促进作用，仍在前处理行业上广为应用。但长期接触，个别人有严重皮肤过敏。误食几克构成危险的高铁血红蛋白症等。研制、开发替代致癌物亚钠的促进剂成为跨国界金属表面处理行业中一项重要课题。
随着人们生活水平的提高，现在建筑物中使用了越来越多的铝型材，这些铝型材直接处于人们生活的环境中，因此要求其加工过程中以及使用过程中不能引入有毒有害物质，这对钝化液的环保性提出了更高的要求。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提出一种建筑铝型材表面环保钝化工艺，该工艺采用的钝化液不含镍、铬，无亚硝酸钠及硝酸根，因此环保性能好，并且采用该钝化液钝化的铝合金型材表面形成致密的氧化膜，具有较高的耐腐蚀性。
为达此目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种建筑铝型材表面环保钝化工艺，所述工艺采用的钝化液的组成以重量百分数计为：水性聚氨酯11-13%，r-巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷4.5-6.5％，氟钛酸0.8-1.2％，氟锆酸1.5-2.5%，硝酸铈1-2%，醋酸1.3-1.7％，甘油硅烷醚5.5-7.5％，磷酸氢二铵0.3-0.5%，乙二醇丁醚4-6％，聚氧化乙烯5-7％，聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚0.2-0.4％，余量为去离子水；所述钝化工艺为：
(1)酸蚀脱脂，采用6-10％硫酸，0.1-0.2％氢氟酸，0.01-0.03％TX-10乳化剂，室温下处理3-5分钟，清除铝件表面粘附的油脂、自然氧化膜和灰尘，使铝合金基体裸露出来，形成均匀的活化表面；
(2)钝化处理，配制具有上述组成的钝化液，使其pH值为2.5-3.5，温度25-45℃，将铝型材浸渍2-4分钟或喷淋3-5分钟，喷淋压力0.08-0.12MPa；
(3)去离子水冲洗，采用热风循环烘干炉干燥，时间10-30分钟，温度50-60℃。
本发明具有如下有益效果：
1）与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：钝化液中无镍、无铬、无亚硝酸钠及硝酸根，无难降解的表面活性剂，对环境友好。
2）采用本发明的钝化液所形成的钝化膜呈金黄色至彩虹色，色泽鲜艳美观，装饰性能好，耐蚀性强，抗盐雾试验超过国家标准的180h。
3）本发明的钝化液所形成的钝化膜膜层致密均匀，单位面积膜重为0.2-1.3g/m2，膜厚1-2μm，与有机涂层结合力好，附着力符合GB/T9286-1988、冲击强度符合GB/T1732-1993、柔韧性符合GB/T1731-1993、杯突试验符合GB/T9753-1988、耐盐雾腐蚀性符合GB/T1771-1991、人工加速耐候性符合GB/T1865-1997，各项性能指标均达到国家标准。
具体实施方式
实施例一
一种建筑铝型材表面环保钝化工艺，所述工艺采用的钝化液的组成以重量百分数计为：水性聚氨酯11%，r-巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷6.5％，氟钛酸0.8％，氟锆酸2.5%，硝酸铈1%，醋酸1.7％，甘油硅烷醚5.5％，磷酸氢二铵0.5%，乙二醇丁醚4％，聚氧化乙烯7％，聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚0.2％，余量为去离子水；所述钝化工艺为：
(1)酸蚀脱脂，采用6％硫酸，0.2％氢氟酸，0.01％TX-10乳化剂，室温下处理5分钟，清除铝件表面粘附的油脂、自然氧化膜和灰尘，使铝合金基体裸露出来，形成均匀的活化表面；
(2)钝化处理，配制具有上述组成的钝化液，使其pH值为2.5，温度45℃，将铝型材浸渍2分钟或喷淋3分钟，喷淋压力0.12MPa；
(3)去离子水冲洗，采用热风循环烘干炉干燥，时间10分钟，温度60℃。
实施例二
一种建筑铝型材表面环保钝化工艺，所述工艺采用的钝化液的组成以重量百分数计为：水性聚氨酯13%，r-巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷4.5％，氟钛酸1.2％，氟锆酸1.5%，硝酸铈2%，醋酸1.3％，甘油硅烷醚7.5％，磷酸氢二铵0.3%，乙二醇丁醚6％，聚氧化乙烯5％，聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚0.4％，余量为去离子水；所述钝化工艺为：
(1)酸蚀脱脂，采用10％硫酸，0.1％氢氟酸，0.03％TX-10乳化剂，室温下处理3分钟，清除铝件表面粘附的油脂、自然氧化膜和灰尘，使铝合金基体裸露出来，形成均匀的活化表面；
(2)钝化处理，配制具有上述组成的钝化液，使其pH值为3.5，温度25℃，将铝型材浸渍4分钟或喷淋5分钟，喷淋压力0.08MPa；
(3)去离子水冲洗，采用热风循环烘干炉干燥，时间30分钟，温度50℃。
实施例三
一种建筑铝型材表面环保钝化工艺，所述工艺采用的钝化液的组成以重量百分数计为：水性聚氨酯12%，r-巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷5.5％，氟钛酸1.0％，氟锆酸2.0%，硝酸铈1.5%，醋酸1.5％，甘油硅烷醚6.5％，磷酸氢二铵0.4%，乙二醇丁醚5％，聚氧化乙烯6％，聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚0.3％，余量为去离子水；所述钝化工艺为：
(1)酸蚀脱脂，采用8％硫酸，0.15％氢氟酸，0.02％TX-10乳化剂，室温下处理4分钟，清除铝件表面粘附的油脂、自然氧化膜和灰尘，使铝合金基体裸露出来，形成均匀的活化表面；
(2)钝化处理，配制具有上述组成的钝化液，使其pH值为3.0，温度35℃，将铝型材浸渍3分钟或喷淋4分钟，喷淋压力0.10MPa；
(3)去离子水冲洗，采用热风循环烘干炉干燥，时间20分钟，温度55℃。

Claims (1)

1.一种建筑铝型材表面环保钝化工艺，其特征在于，所述工艺采用的钝化液的组成以重量百分数计为：水性聚氨酯11-13%，r-巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷4.5-6.5％，氟钛酸0.8-1.2％，氟锆酸1.5-2.5%，硝酸铈1-2%，醋酸1.3-1.7％，甘油硅烷醚5.5-7.5％，磷酸氢二铵0.3-0.5%，乙二醇丁醚4-6％，聚氧化乙烯5-7％，聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚0.2-0.4％，余量为去离子水；所述钝化工艺为：
(1)酸蚀脱脂，采用6-10％硫酸，0.1-0.2％氢氟酸，0.01-0.03％TX-10乳化剂，室温下处理3-5分钟，清除铝件表面粘附的油脂、自然氧化膜和灰尘，使铝合金基体裸露出来，形成均匀的活化表面；
(2)钝化处理，配制具有上述组成的钝化液，使其pH值为2.5-3.5，温度25-45℃，将铝型材浸渍2-4分钟或喷淋3-5分钟，喷淋压力0.08-0.12MPa；
(3)去离子水冲洗，采用热风循环烘干炉干燥，时间10-30分钟，温度50-60℃。
CN201310309856.2A 2013-07-22 2013-07-22 一种建筑铝型材表面环保钝化工艺 Pending CN104328409A (zh)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105154861A (zh) * 2015-07-06 2015-12-16 安徽景昌铝业有限公司 铝型材无铬钝化处理工艺
CN109504959A (zh) * 2018-12-17 2019-03-22 熊映明 铝合金喷涂预处理无铬钝化线清洗水反向串联节水配置
CN112267107A (zh) * 2020-10-26 2021-01-26 胜赛思精密压铸（扬州）有限公司 一种耐腐蚀性的无铬表面处理工艺

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105154861A (zh) * 2015-07-06 2015-12-16 安徽景昌铝业有限公司 铝型材无铬钝化处理工艺
CN109504959A (zh) * 2018-12-17 2019-03-22 熊映明 铝合金喷涂预处理无铬钝化线清洗水反向串联节水配置
CN112267107A (zh) * 2020-10-26 2021-01-26 胜赛思精密压铸（扬州）有限公司 一种耐腐蚀性的无铬表面处理工艺

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