CN104318512B - Photon counting-type detector image generation implementation method based on FPGA - Google Patents
Photon counting-type detector image generation implementation method based on FPGA Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Photon counting-type detector image generation implementation method based on FPGA, it is related to technical field of photoelectric detection, the technical problem of solution is to overcome the shortcomings of the space camera photon counting-type existing implementation method of detector image generation unit, the present invention realizes image generation unit by FPGA softwares, reduce the hsrdware requirements of system, the interface of view data transmission is simplified, system reliability is improved.By setting caching FIFO before and after mass storage, realize view data and receive the function that storage sends executed in parallel with number biography, meet the demand being continuously shot, improve processing speed of the image generation unit to view data, it is ensured that imaging system realizes the performance indications of highest photon count rate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of photoelectric detection, and in particular to the generation of space camera photon counting-type detector image is single
First FPGA implementation method.
Background technology
For the short-wave band low light signals such as space exploration plasma, space camera generally uses photon counting-type detector
Perceptually element.Photon counting detector is a kind of detector that incident photon collection is converted into multichannel charge signal, is led to
Crossing signal processing circuit carries out shaping amplification, peak holding and sample conversion acquisition raw image data to charge signal, then
Raw image data is converted to by image coordinate data according to coordinate computing formula.When space camera is imaged under raw mode
When, image generation unit stores in mass storage raw image data, and shooting is first by picture number leaflet after stopping
Under reach satellite data transmission system；When space camera is imaged under coordinate model, light of the image generation unit to same coordinate value
Son carries out the image coordinate of accumulated counts, generation reflection photon positional information and photon meter quantity, and by picture number leaflet unit
Under reach satellite data transmission system, and carry out follow-up inversion procedure on ground.Photon counting detector and signal processing circuit are serial
The highest incident photon frequency that can be responded is referred to as highest photon count rate, though the implementation method of image generation unit is not determined directly
Determine highest photon count rate, but the limitation of baud rate is passed due to space camera massive store space sum, cause image to generate
The implementation method of unit restricts the realization of highest photon count rate, therefore, using rational image generation unit implementation method pair
Space camera photon counting-type detector highest photon count rate index is completed to play an important roll.
After photon counting-type detector output charge signal, signal processing circuit realizes that electric charge is believed under the control of FPGA softwares
Number sampling, electric charge amplitude analog amount is converted into digital quantity, and photon coordinate value is converted to according to coordinate computing formula.Image
Generation unit is generally realized using embedded software (such as DSP).Embedded software receives the original image number that FPGA softwares send
According to or image coordinate data and write mass storage, shooting reads view data and passes interface by number and sends again after terminating
To satellite data transmission system, there is this method requirement embedded software mass storage control interface sum to pass control interface,
It is higher to hardware capability requirement.In addition, FPGA softwares send image coordinate data using interrupt mode to embedded software, and it is embedding
Enter formula software need to while take into account camera other control functions, the response time is limited, if the photon count rate that camera is received is higher,
Response speed can only be met by improving embedded software system clock, but this method not only increased design difficulty but also reduce
System reliability.
The content of the invention
Present invention solves the technical problem that being to reduce space camera photon counting-type detector image generation unit to hardware
The realization requirement of interface function and software responses speed, proposes that a kind of photon counting-type detector image generation based on FPGA is real
Existing method.
Photon counting-type detector image generation implementation method based on FPGA, image generation unit is realized by FPGA,
The write-in that image generation unit can simultaneously complete view data is stored and read out sending the function of realizing being continuously shot；
Described image generation unit includes raw image data Qs cachings FIFO, raw image data Qw cachings FIFO, original
Beginning view data Qz cachings FIFO, image coordinate data X-cache FIFO, image coordinate data Y cachings FIFO, number pass data buffer storage
FIFO, storage control and read-out controller；Described image generation implementation method is realized by following steps：
Step one, start shooting, image generation unit judge whether receive view data, if it is, will receive figure
As data storage to storage control, step 2 is performed, if it is not, then continuing waiting for；
Step 2, image generation unit judge whether read-out controller reads view data to number from mass storage
Data buffer storage FIFO is passed, if it is, the view data that will be stored in storage control is stored into corresponding caching FIFO, such as
It is really no, then the view data that storage control is received is stored into mass storage, perform step 3；
Step 3, image generation unit judge whether shooting terminates, if not, return to step one, if it is, holding parallel
Row step 4 and step 5；
Step 4, image generation unit judge whether shooting starts, if it is not, then continue waiting for, if it is, returning to step
Rapid one；
Step 5, image generation unit judge whether read-out controller passes data buffer storage FIFO transmissions view data to number complete
Finish；If it is, return to step three, if it is not, then performing step 6；
Step 6, image generation unit judge that number passes whether data buffer storage FIFO is filled with, if not, read-out controller will scheme
Number is read out to from mass storage and pass data buffer storage FIFO, as data if it is, image generation unit passes data from number delaying
Deposit and read out in FIFO number and pass data, and send to number and pass communication unit.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
First, the present invention realizes the image generation unit of space camera photon counting-type detector using FPGA, reduce because
The image system hardware interface requirements that the functions such as massive store, number biography are produced, is simplified to, as the Hardware Design structure, improve
System reliability.
2nd, image generation unit is realized by using FPGA, by the passing interface of image coordinate data from embedded software
Interface with the interface between FPGA softwares is transformed to FPGA software inhouse intermodules, simplifies Interface design, improves coordinate
The transmission speed of view data, so as to improve the flank speed that image generation system to be received view data.
3rd, by setting caching FIFO before and after mass storage, image generation unit is made to realize view data
Storage is passed with number and sends executed in parallel, so as to meet the demand that imaging system is continuously shot, and improves image generation unit
View data handling capacity, it is ensured that imaging system meets the performance indications of highest photon count rate.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is to use photon during the photon counting-type detector image based on FPGA of the present invention generates implementation method
The imaging system block diagram of attribute detector space camera；
Fig. 2 is image generation in the photon counting-type detector image generation implementation method based on FPGA of the present invention
Unit theory diagram；
Fig. 3 is the implementation method flow chart that image generation unit is realized using FPGA.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment one, with reference to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 illustrate present embodiment, the photon counting-type detector based on FPGA
Image generates implementation method, and image generation unit is realized by FPGA, and image generation unit can simultaneously complete view data
Write-in is stored and read out sending the function of realizing being continuously shot；
FIFO and two controller of five cachings, respectively raw image data Qs cachings are designed in image generation unit
FIFO, raw image data Qw caching FIFO, raw image data Qz cachings FIFO, image coordinate data X-cache FIFO, coordinate
View data Y caching FIFO sums pass data buffer storage FIFO, and storage control and read-out controller, the purpose is to make image
The write-in that generation unit can simultaneously complete view data is stored and read out sending, and improves image generation unit and receives view data
The ability of speed, the function that realization is continuously shot.The storage depth for caching FIFO is deposited depending on highest photon count rate, Large Copacity
Reservoir reads and writes data speed and number passes baud rate.
The method uses the space camera of photon counting-type detector, photon counting-type detector and signal processing circuit energy
The highest photon count rate of realization is 300kcps, and satellite data transmission system regulation data transmission rate is 200kbps, and FPGA is used
The XC4VSX55 of Xilinx companies, mass storage using 1G SDRAM, FPGA reads from SDRAM/write data time
It is 200ns.
In view of FPGA memory blocks capacity and design scale, it is 5k × 16bit that access passes data buffer storage FIFO capacity.It is original
Under image pickup mode, a photon produces three road raw image datas, for mass storage, raw image data write-in
Speed is 3 × 300k × 16bps=900k × 16bps, and under coordinate image pickup mode, image coordinate data write rate 300k
×16bps.Read-out speed is 5Mbps (1/200ns) under both of which.Thus, deposited according to highest photon count rate, Large Copacity
Reservoir read/write time and data transmission rate, calculate the caching FIFO of raw image data Qs, Qw, Qz for 1k × 16bit, sit
The caching FIFO of logo image data X, Y is 0.3k × 16bit.To keep design consistent, take five caching FIFO depths and be 1k.
The method is concretely comprised the following steps：
First, after shooting starts, image generation unit judges whether to receive view data.Held if view data is received
Row step 2, otherwise continues waiting for.
2nd, image generation unit judges whether read-out controller now reads view data to number from mass storage
Pass data buffer storage FIFO.If read-out controller is carrying out read operation, the raw image data or coordinate diagram that will be received
In as data storage to corresponding caching FIFO, and return to step one.If read-out controller is not carried out read operation, storage control
The view data that device processed will be received is stored into large capacity cache device, and raw image data is deposited successively according to Qs, Qw, Qz order
Storage, generates original image；Photon counting is carried out in relevant position to add up, generate coordinate diagram after image coordinate data X and Y addressing
Picture.Then proceed to perform step 3.
3rd, image generation unit judges whether shooting terminates.If shooting does not terminate, return to step one.If shooting has been tied
Beam, then parallel execution of steps four and step 5.
4th, image generation unit judges whether shooting starts.If shooting does not start, continue waiting for until shooting starts.
If shooting has started to, return to step one.
5th, image generation unit judges whether view data is sent.If view data has been sent, step is returned
Rapid three, wait shooting to start to send view data after terminating.If view data is not sent, step 6 is performed.
6th, image generation unit judges that number passes whether data buffer storage FIFO stores full.If number passes data buffer storage FIFO and does not deposit
It is full, then perform step 7.If number passes data buffer storage FIFO and has been filled with, step 8 is performed.When number biography data buffer storage FIFO is filled with
Between be 1ms (5k × 200ns), connect during this period image generation unit receive raw image data be up to 900 × 16bit (three
Road), receive image coordinate data and be up to 300 × 16bit, the design of view data caching FIFO has larger surplus.
7th, view data is read out to number biography data and delayed by the read-out controller of image generation unit from mass storage
Deposit FIFO, and return to step six.
8th, image generation unit passes from number and number biography data is read out in data buffer storage FIFO, and transmission to number passes communication list
Unit.Continue executing with step 9.
9th, judge that number passes whether data buffer storage FIFO reads sky.Whether return to step five judges view data if sky has been read
It is sent, the return to step eight if sky is not read, continues for number to pass data is activation to number biography communication unit.
View data described in present embodiment includes raw image data Qs, raw image data Qw, original image
Data Qz and image coordinate data X and image coordinate data Y, the image that will be stored in storage control described in step 2
Data storage is referred specifically to in corresponding caching FIFO：By raw image data Qs, raw image data in storage control
Qw and raw image data Qz correspond to storage and cache FIFO, raw image data Qw caching FIFO in raw image data Qs respectively
In raw image data Qz cachings FIFO, image coordinate data X and image coordinate data Y corresponds to storage in image coordinate respectively
In data X-cache FIFO and image coordinate data Y cachings FIFO.The view data that storage control is received is deposited in step 2
In storage to mass storage, detailed process is：Described raw image data Qs, raw image data Qw and original image number
Stored successively in order according to Qz, generate original image；In relevant position after image coordinate data X and image coordinate data Y addressing
Carry out photon counting to add up, generate image coordinate, store in mass storage.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only intended to clearly illustrate example, and not to the restriction of implementation method.It is right
For those of ordinary skill in the art, can also make on the basis of the above description other multi-forms change or
Change.There is no need and unable to be exhaustive to all of implementation method.And the obvious change thus extended out or
Among changing still in the protection domain of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. the photon counting-type detector image generation implementation method based on FPGA, image generation unit is realized by FPGA, is schemed
As the write-in that generation unit can simultaneously complete view data is stored and read out sending the function of realizing being continuously shot；
Described image generation unit includes raw image data Qs cachings FIFO, raw image data Qw cachings FIFO, original graph
As data Qz cachings FIFO, image coordinate data X-cache FIFO, image coordinate data Y cachings FIFO, number pass data buffer storage
FIFO, storage control and read-out controller, it is characterized in that, described image generation implementation method is realized by following steps：
Step one, start shooting, image generation unit judges whether to receive view data, if it is, the image that will be received
Data storage performs step 2, if it is not, then continuing waiting for storage control；
Step 2, image generation unit judge whether read-out controller reads view data to number from mass storage and pass number
According to caching FIFO, if it is, the view data that will be stored in storage control is stored into corresponding caching FIFO, if
It is no, then the view data that storage control is received is stored into mass storage, perform step 3；
Step 3, image generation unit judge whether shooting terminates, if not, return to step one, if it is, executed in parallel is walked
Rapid four and step 5；
Step 4, image generation unit judge whether shooting starts, if it is not, then continue waiting for, if it is, return to step
One；
Step 5, image generation unit judge that read-out controller passes data buffer storage FIFO and sends whether view data finishes to number；
If it is, return to step three, if it is not, then performing step 6；
Step 6, image generation unit judge that number passes whether data buffer storage FIFO is filled with, if not, read-out controller is by picture number
Data buffer storage FIFO is passed according to number is read out to from mass storage, if it is, image generation unit passes data buffer storage from number
Number is read out in FIFO and passes data, and sent to number biography communication unit.
2. the photon counting-type detector image based on FPGA according to claim 1 generates implementation method, and its feature exists
In, also judge that number passes whether data buffer storage FIFO reads sky including image generation unit, if it is, return that step 5 is performed, such as
Really no, data is activation to the number that image generation unit continues to pass number in data buffer storage FIFO passes communication unit.
3. the photon counting-type detector image based on FPGA according to claim 1 generates implementation method, and its feature exists
In described image data include raw image data Qs, raw image data Qw, raw image data Qz and image coordinate number
According to X and image coordinate data Y, the view data that will be stored in storage control described in step 2 is stored to corresponding caching
In FIFO, refer specifically to：By the raw image data Qs in storage control, raw image data Qw and raw image data Qz point
Dui Ying not store and cache FIFO, raw image data Qw caching FIFO and raw image data Qz cachings in raw image data Qs
In FIFO, image coordinate data X and image coordinate data Y corresponds to storage in image coordinate data X-cache FIFO and coordinate respectively
In view data Y cachings FIFO.
4. the photon counting-type detector image based on FPGA according to claim 1 generates implementation method, and its feature exists
In, the view data that storage control is received is stored into mass storage in step 2, detailed process is：Described
Raw image data Qs, raw image data Qw and raw image data Qz are stored successively in order, generate original image；Coordinate
Photon counting being carried out in relevant position to add up, generating image coordinate, storage exists after view data X and image coordinate data Y addressing
In mass storage.
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| CN103986869A (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2014-08-13 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Image collecting and displaying device of high-speed TDICCD remote sensing camera |
| CN104035680A (en) * | 2014-06-16 | 2014-09-10 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Method for implementing image processing of wedge-and-strip photon counting detector by FPGA |
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Patent Citations (5)
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| CN1949881A (en) * | 2006-11-03 | 2007-04-18 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | High-speed CCD camera data synthesizing system |
| CN201464643U (en) * | 2009-09-07 | 2010-05-12 | 哈尔滨工程大学科技园发展有限公司 | Radar image acquisition card based on DSP and FPGA |
| CN102892028A (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2013-01-23 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Device for quickly detecting performance of moon-based ultraviolet camera image acquisition system |
| CN103986869A (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2014-08-13 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Image collecting and displaying device of high-speed TDICCD remote sensing camera |
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