CN104297447B - The physical simulating method that a kind of surface subsidence influences on subway tunnel - Google Patents
The physical simulating method that a kind of surface subsidence influences on subway tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN104297447B CN104297447B CN201410544659.3A CN201410544659A CN104297447B CN 104297447 B CN104297447 B CN 104297447B CN 201410544659 A CN201410544659 A CN 201410544659A CN 104297447 B CN104297447 B CN 104297447B
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Abstract
The invention discloses the physical simulating method that a kind of surface subsidence influences on subway tunnel, belong to surface subsidence and its diaster prevention and control field.Methods described includes：The soil layer for filling out the first preset thickness is rammed by earth formation layering；During mound to the second preset thickness, pressure water pocket is placed in the shallow hole matched with its bottom shape size；Based on the gypsum tunnel model on pressure water pocket top, pressure cell is buried in tunnel top/bottom part and water pocket bottom soil layer, to measure the STRESS VARIATION of the pressure water pocket lower section and the tunnel top/bottom part soil layer；Foil gauge is pasted in tunnel surface, to measure the ess-strain in tunnel；Displacement meter is laid in tunnel top and earth's surface, to measure displacement settling amount.The present invention carries out strain measurement by model tunnel, test stress, the dynamic rule of deformation of Subway Tunnel Lining, the accuracy that simulation surface subsidence influences on subway tunnel is improve, and considers the Changing Pattern of surface subsidence subway tunnel under the effect of different settling amounts.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to surface subsidence and its diaster prevention and control field, more particularly to a kind of surface subsidence influences on subway tunnel
Physical simulating method.
Background technology
With developing rapidly for Chinese national economy, urban population high concentration, the continuous expansion of urban construction scale, I
State's metro construction occurs in that situation like a raging fire.At present, Chengdu, Hangzhou, Xi'an, Jinan, Harbin, Hefei, Zhengzhou,
Underground railway or light rail transit transportation system are actively being built and prepared in more than 20 city such as Kunming and Changsha, it is contemplated that
21 century will be the peak time of China's metro construction.
However, China is the country the most serious of surface subsidence in the world, China has 96 cities and area according to statistics
There is different degrees of surface subsidence, settling area is more than 1 × 106km2, big city includes Shanghai, Beijing, Xi'an, Hangzhou, Soviet Union
The area such as state, Wuxi, Changzhou and Kunming etc., wherein Yangtze River Delta, the North China Plain, Fen-Wei basin Earth Subsidence Hazards are the tightest
Weight, and association Ground Fissure Disasters.The condition of a disaster rough Statistics show that China's ground fissure and Earth Subsidence Hazards are caused since the establishment of the nation
Up to 4500~500,000,000,000 yuan of loss, wherein, direct economic loss is accumulative up to 350~40,000,000,000 yuan.Surface subsidence is often resulted in builds
Build thing setting of ground, house crack, the destruction of subway tunnel Segment cracking and percolating water, underground piping breakage, well casing lifting, flood
And storm surge disaster is a series of problems, such as aggravate, huge economic loss is caused to national economy.Earth Subsidence Hazards have shape
Into the time it is long, coverage is wide, difficulty of prevention and cure is big, be difficult to the features such as recovering, it has also become influence China regional economy society can hold
One of key factor of supervention exhibition.Therefore, influence of the surface subsidence to urban track traffic receives much concern, wherein surface subsidence pair
The influence research of subway tunnel seems particularly significant.
Prior art has focused largely on surface subsidence and the method that subway work causes, and lacks surface subsidence to subway tunnel
The scale-model investigation method of influence.
The content of the invention
In order to solve to lack the model test method research that surface subsidence influences on subway tunnel in the prior art, the present invention
Propose and simulate surface subsidence with pressure water pocket, and then grasp the analog study that surface subsidence influences on subway tunnel.
The present invention proposes following technical scheme：
The soil layer for filling out the first preset thickness is rammed by earth formation layering；
During mound to the second preset thickness, pressure water pocket is placed in the shallow hole matched with its bottom shape size；
Based on the gypsum tunnel model on the pressure water pocket top, buried in the tunnel top/bottom part and water pocket bottom soil layer
If pressure cell, become with measuring the stress under the influence of surface subsidence below the pressure water pocket with the tunnel top/bottom part soil layer
Change；
Foil gauge is pasted in the tunnel surface, to measure the ess-strain in the tunnel；
Displacement meter is laid in the tunnel top and earth's surface, to measure the displacement settling amount of the tunnel multiple location.
The present invention carries out strain measurement, to model by simulating influence of the surface subsidence to subway tunnel to model tunnel
Tunnel periphery soil pressure, model top surface soil deformation etc. measured, and test surface subsidence is under the effect of different settling amounts
The stress of iron tunnel-liner, the dynamic rule of deformation.The accuracy that simulation surface subsidence influences on subway tunnel is improve,
And consider the Changing Pattern of surface subsidence subway tunnel under the effect of different settling amounts.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the physical simulating method that surface subsidence provided in an embodiment of the present invention influences on subway tunnel.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, it is right below in conjunction with drawings and Examples
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.
Fig. 1 shows the stream of the physical simulating method that surface subsidence provided in an embodiment of the present invention influences on subway tunnel
Journey, details are as follows：
In step S101, the soil layer for filling out the first preset thickness is rammed by earth formation layering.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the first preset thickness is 2m, and the soil layer of each layering will be tamped, in Different Strata
Pulverized limestone is spilt on interface for follow-up observation is prepared.
Silty clay laying bottommost 11th layer 30cm thick first, then paving the when 10. layer sand is to 40cm, in sand
Embedding water pocket on layer, it can be ensured that then the extent control of water pocket bulging after water-filling has pressure repaves in certain scope
The 9. layer 30cm thickness silty clay, the 8. layer 10cm sands, the silty clay of the 7. layer 20cm, the sand of the 6. layer 10cm, the
5. the silty clay of layer 25cm, the sand of the 4. layer 16cm, the powder of the 3. 2. 1. common 29cm of layer 4cm of layer 10cm, of layer 15cm,
Matter clay.
In step s 102, during mound to the second preset thickness, pressure water pocket is placed on and its bottom shape size phase
In the shallow hole of matching.
Used as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second preset thickness is 40cm.
In an embodiment of the present invention, pressure water pocket is embedded in surface of stratum during from model bottom mound to 40cm, when
When being routed to 40cm thick soil stratums, dig out a shallow hole for form fit according to cambered surface and the size of water pocket the latter half and then place
Delivery port connection rubber tube immediately below pressure water pocket, water pocket, in model casing bottom, steel plate welds a circular hole and walks out sebific duct, then connects
Water pressure gauge, flowmeter and graduated cylinder.
In step s 103, the gypsum tunnel model based on the pressure water pocket top, in the tunnel top/bottom part and water
Pressure cell is buried in the soil layer of capsule bottom, to measure under the influence of surface subsidence below the pressure water pocket and the tunnel top/bottom part
The STRESS VARIATION of soil layer.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method of gypsum tunnel model specifically includes following steps：
1st, gypsum material and water are configured for 1.05: 1 according to match ratio, land plaster is uniformly spilled into basin in configuration
In, and be slowly stirred to the calcium plaster of half curdled appearance clockwise；
2nd, the calcium plaster of half curdled appearance is poured into along tunnel mould, and external mold is vibrated with vibrating head；
Used as the preferred embodiments of the present invention, a hollow bore, surrounding hole insertion steel pipe are stayed in the internal model center of tunnel mould
With fixed position, aluminium wire netting is enclosed within internal model, external mold in adjustment aluminium wire spacing and direction rear enclosure.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the shape of aluminium wire netting is determined with gap by subway tunnel prototype Section Design figure.
3rd, the tunnel mould horizontal positioned of half curdled appearance calcium plaster to calcium plaster will be poured into solidify, internal model is taken out and by stone
Cream tunnel is placed in the ventilation without direct sunlight, and external mold is taken out after reaching Preset Time.
Model tunnel is configured using gypsum material according to gypsum and water match ratio 1.05: 1, configures the process of calcium plaster
It is middle first to pour into load weighted clear water in basin, then land plaster is spilled into basin slowly according to clockwise direction, after being finished down
Stir, among when the state in half solidification pouring into the mould for assembling within stir about 8-10 minutes always, be inverted process
In slowly poured into along tunnel side, and vibrate external mold with vibrating head and cause that calcium plaster is fully poured into and do not box out in mould gap.
Model tunnel is lain in a horizontal plane in ground by mould after completing, and standing allows gypsum sets for one day, and next day takes out internal model, by gypsum tunnel
It is placed in ventilation, it is impossible to receive direct sunlight to prevent gypsum surface from ftractureing.One Zhou Houzai removes external mold, and gypsum tunnel is waited after January
Road can just paste foil gauge after drying completely.
In an embodiment of the present invention, embedded pressure cell need to dig out the 9-11 centimetres of cylindric hole of depth on soil layer surface
Be put into the face-up level of pressure cell in pit-hole by the fine sand after screening by hole, pit-hole compacting leveling, laying a thin layer,
Covered with fine sand.
In order to obtain under the influence of surface subsidence below pressure water pocket and in tunnel top/bottom part stress change, in the earth formation
Embedded soil pressure cell.Horizontal pressure force box are embedded in the measured position of survey respectively, and about 10cm depth is dug out on smooth soil layer surface
Cylindric pit-hole.When embedded, bottom hole is first compacted leveling, after re-lay a thin layer fine sand, its medium-fine sand must sieve, and the inside can not
There is the hard thing of bulky grain, then the face-up level of pressure cell is put into hole, then covered with fine sand, be finally gently compacted.
In step S104, foil gauge is pasted in tunnel surface, to measure the ess-strain in tunnel；
In an embodiment of the present invention, foil gauge is pasted in tunnel surface, to measure the side of the ess-strain in the tunnel
Method specifically includes following steps：
1st, tunnel surface is wiped with spirituous sponge is inhaled, removes the debris on surface；
2nd, a thin layer fish pearl glue is applied in location for paste, and by wire and strain gauge adhesion in fish pearl glue；
3rd, wire and foil gauge are welded after drying, and is sealed with the glue of silica gel material.
Under the influence of surface subsidence difference settling amount, in order to obtain the stress deformation situation in model tunnel, in gypsum tunnel
Road surface mount foil gauge.The survival rate of foil gauge determines test effect, therefore must be in strict accordance with work progress
Working procedure.In foil gauge construction, first used in gypsum surface and inhale spirituous sponge wiped clean, then table is blown away with hair-dryer
The floating ash of the debris in face, for foil gauge and tunnel firm pasting, first coats a thin layer of fish pearl glue and smooths and connect in paste position
Contacting surface, applies one layer of fish pearl glue again by strain gauge adhesion in fish pearl glue again after drying, also paste binding post when pasting foil gauge
In corresponding position, wire and foil gauge are welded after drying, then sealed with 703 glue of silica gel material, finally by wire and survey
Test system is in good order to be connected together.
In step S105, displacement meter is laid in tunnel top and soil layer surface, to measure the displacement of tunnel multiple location, sink
Drop.
In an embodiment of the present invention, displacement meter is laid in tunnel top and soil layer surface, to measure tunnel multiple location
The method of displacement settling amount specifically includes following steps：
1st, pvc pipes are placed in tunnel top reserving hole, and pvc is laid according to default spacing one and managed；
As the preferred embodiments of the present invention, fine steel rib is inserted in pvc pipes, the reinforcing bar bottom contacts the tunnel top
Surface, the reinforcing bar welded top steel disc.
Used as the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is 70cm to preset spacing one.
2nd, by default spacing one is in earth's surface longitudinal direction laying steel disc and is compacted, lateral center lays the steel disc of default spacing two；
Used as the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is 50cm to preset spacing two.
3rd, Magnetic gauge stand is adsorbed on the steel disc laid, dial gauge is installed, and gauge outfit contacts the steel disc, table end interface connects
Data wire is connect, to connect readout instrument.
Laying soil layer, pressure cell and tunnel, water pocket all it is embedding finish after, " king " shaped steel is set up above model casing
Pipe, in the pvc pipes of tunnel top centre reserving hole placement at the beginning aperture 2cm, averagely lays 7 and buries according to 70cm spacing
Underground layer is until stretch out earth's surface 3-5cm.Fine steel rib is inserted in pvc pipes, reinforcing bar bottom touches tunnel top surface, welded top
Smooth square steel disc.Also longitudinal direction averagely lays 7 square bars staggered with the steel disc for being connected tunnel according to 70cm spacing to earth's surface
Piece, is compacted in smooth soil body surface, and it is (most middle to be overlapped therefore with longitudinal direction that lateral center lays 5 steel discs of spacing 50cm
Actual cloth is set to 4), Magnetic gauge stand is adsorbed on the rectangular steel tube for having set up, then dial gauge is installed, gauge outfit contacts steel disc vertically
On, table end interface is connected to data wire, and the neat model casing lower section that causes reconnects readout instrument, 18 displacement measuring points are laid altogether.
The embodiment of the present invention carries out strain measurement by simulating influence of the surface subsidence to subway tunnel to model tunnel,
Model tunnel periphery soil pressure, model top surface soil deformation etc. are measured, test surface subsidence is made in different settling amounts
With the stress of lower Subway Tunnel Lining, deformation dynamics Changing Pattern.Improve the essence that simulation surface subsidence influences on subway tunnel
Exactness, and consider the Changing Pattern of surface subsidence subway tunnel under the effect of different settling amounts.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all it is of the invention spirit and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the physical simulating method that a kind of surface subsidence influences on subway tunnel, it is characterised in that methods described includes following step
Suddenly：
The soil layer for filling out the first preset thickness is rammed by earth formation layering；
During mound to the second preset thickness, pressure water pocket is placed in the shallow hole matched with its bottom shape size；
Based on the gypsum tunnel model on the pressure water pocket top, in the gypsum tunnel model top/bottom part and water pocket bottom soil layer
In bury pressure cell, to measure under the influence of surface subsidence below the pressure water pocket and gypsum tunnel model top/bottom part soil
The STRESS VARIATION of layer；
The preparation method of the gypsum tunnel model specifically includes following steps：
Land plaster and water are configured for 1.05: 1 according to match ratio, land plaster is uniformly spilled into basin in configuration, and it is suitable
Clockwise is slowly stirred to the calcium plaster of half curdled appearance；
The calcium plaster of half curdled appearance is poured into along tunnel mould, and external mold is vibrated with vibrating head；
The tunnel mould horizontal positioned for pouring into half curdled appearance calcium plaster to calcium plaster is solidified, internal model is taken out and by gypsum
Tunnel model is placed in the ventilation without direct sunlight, and external mold is taken out after reaching Preset Time；
A hollow bore is stayed in the internal model center of the tunnel mould, and surrounding hole inserts steel pipe with fixed position and convenient taking-up
Mould, aluminium wire netting is enclosed within internal model, external mold in adjustment aluminium wire spacing and direction rear enclosure；
In the gypsum tunnel model surface mount foil gauge, to measure the ess-strain of the gypsum tunnel model；
Displacement meter is laid with earth's surface at the top of the gypsum tunnel model, to measure the gypsum tunnel model and earth's surface multiple location
Displacement and settling amount；
It is described to lay displacement meter with earth's surface at the top of gypsum tunnel model, to measure the displacement of the gypsum tunnel model multiple location
Method with settling amount specifically includes following steps：
Reserving hole places pvc pipes at the top of the gypsum tunnel model, and lays pvc pipes according to default spacing one；
Fine steel rib is inserted in the pvc pipes, the reinforcing bar bottom contacts the gypsum tunnel model top surface, the reinforcing bar top
Weld steel disc in portion；
By the default spacing one is in earth's surface longitudinal direction laying steel disc and is compacted, lateral center is pressed default spacing two and lays steel disc；
Magnetic gauge stand is adsorbed on crossbeam above the steel disc, dial gauge is installed, and gauge outfit contacts the steel disc, table end interface
Connection data wire, to connect readout instrument.
2. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the underface of the pressure water pocket is delivery port, to connect glue
Pipe, the sebific duct is used to connect water pressure gauge, flowmeter and graduated cylinder.
3. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the shape of the aluminium wire netting is broken with gap by subway tunnel prototype
Face design drawing is determined.
4. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the embedded pressure cell need to dig out 9-11 centimetres on soil layer surface
The cylindric pit-hole of depth, the pit-hole compacting leveling, lays a thin layer by the fine sand after screening, and by the pressure cell just
The level of facing up is put into pit-hole, is covered with fine sand.
5. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that described in gypsum tunnel model surface mount foil gauge, to measure
The method for surveying the ess-strain of the gypsum tunnel model specifically includes following steps：
The gypsum tunnel model surface is wiped with spirituous sponge is inhaled, the debris on surface are removed；
A thin layer fish pearl glue is applied in location for paste, makes glue surfacing, and by wire and strain gauge adhesion in described fish pearl glue
On；
The wire and foil gauge are welded after drying, and is sealed with the glue of silica gel material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410544659.3A CN104297447B (en) | 2013-11-14 | 2014-10-01 | The physical simulating method that a kind of surface subsidence influences on subway tunnel |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310573244.4 | 2013-11-14 | ||
| CN201310573244 | 2013-11-14 | ||
| CN2013105732444 | 2013-11-14 | ||
| CN201410544659.3A CN104297447B (en) | 2013-11-14 | 2014-10-01 | The physical simulating method that a kind of surface subsidence influences on subway tunnel |
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| CN104297447A CN104297447A (en) | 2015-01-21 |
| CN104297447B true CN104297447B (en) | 2017-05-31 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106018736B (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2018-02-02 | 北京工业大学 | Urban Underground pipeline seepage triggers the experimental rig of surface collapse |
| CN106567416B (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2019-01-18 | 重庆大学 | The model test apparatus and test method of tunnel excavation in a kind of transparent soil base |
| CN108333036B (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2020-10-30 | 浙江科技学院 | Model experiment device for causing ground long-term settlement in high-concentration area overlapping tunnel operation |
| CN109898558B (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2021-05-04 | 南京市市政设计研究院有限责任公司 | Flushing and sinking device and flushing and sinking method for immersed tube |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2003314188A (en) * | 2002-04-23 | 2003-11-06 | Ohbayashi Corp | Method for predicting settlement in excavation of tunnel |
| CN101435208B (en) * | 2008-10-16 | 2010-06-09 | 西安理工大学 | Device and method for monitoring uneven settlement of earth slit formation tunnel |
| CN103175505B (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2014-12-17 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Tunnel vault subsidence monitoring device and method |
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