CN103175505B - Tunnel vault subsidence monitoring device and method - Google Patents
Tunnel vault subsidence monitoring device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103175505B CN103175505B CN201310069353.2A CN201310069353A CN103175505B CN 103175505 B CN103175505 B CN 103175505B CN 201310069353 A CN201310069353 A CN 201310069353A CN 103175505 B CN103175505 B CN 103175505B
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- steel ruler
- indium steel
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- peg
- vault
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tunnel vault subsidence monitoring device and a tunnel vault subsidence monitoring method. The invention relates to the field of rock and soil mechanical monitoring technology. The device comprises a leveling device, a station-transfer foot pin, a vault hook, an indium steel ruler, a modified indium steel ruler, a relay hanging rod, and a relay supporting rod. The vault hook is arranged at a surrounding rock measuring point. The vault hook, the relay hanging rod, and the modified indium steel ruler are sequentially connected vertically. The station-transfer foot pin is arranged on a ground or an invert in the tunnel. The indium steel ruler is arranged on the station-transfer foot pin. The leveling device arranged on the ground or invert in the tunnel is arranged between the indium steel ruler and the modified indium steel ruler. The device provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient mounting, convenient detaching, convenient carrying, and easy popularization. The device is economical and practical. The measuring precision is high. With the method and the device, precision requirements upon measuring data by tunnel new Austrian tunneling method can be satisfied. The method is suitable to be used in situations with constantly changed ground height between vault and ground in tunnel caused by tunnel stepped construction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rock-soil mechanics monitoring device, particularly relate to a kind of tunnel vault settlement monitoring devices and methods therefor; Specifically, this device is aimed in highway, railway tunnel construction the device that Vault settlement is monitored, it is not only applicable to highway, railway tunnel construction, and is suitable for too the monitoring of the Underground Space Excavation engineering top sedimentation of similar size.
Background technology
Along with the development of national economy, unbalanced for china natural resources part, larger shared by mountain terrain, simultaneously for extenuating the urban traffic pressure of day by day expanding, tunnel construction is increasing.In construction, how effectively to avoid the generation of accident, to tunnel, monitoring measurement is essential in real time, exactly.Therefore, under these circumstances, in order to reduce the monitoring cost of tunnel vault sedimentation, raising the efficiency, reaching the precision required by specification, in the urgent need to a kind of tunnel vault settlement monitoring device of practicality.
Monitoring measurement is that (New Austrian Tunneling Method is that application rock mass mechanics is theoretical to tunnel New Austrian Tunneling Method, to safeguard and to utilize the self-bearing ability of country rock for basic point, anchor pole and sprayed concrete is adopted to be main supporting means, carry out supporting timely, control the distortion of country rock and relax, make country rock become the ingredient of support system, and instruct method and the principle of constructing tunnel and underground engineering design construction by the measurement to country rock and supporting, monitoring.) one of three cores of constructing, can intuitively reflect tunnel surrounding variation characteristic, for deformation allowance and supporting parameter adjustment provide foundation, for safety for tunnel engineering provides safeguard.Simultaneously according to related specifications, Vault settlement monitoring must survey project in constructing tunnel, and monitored by spirit-leveling instrument to improve monitoring accuracy General Requirements.Therefore, consider site operation actual conditions, provide one can according to different construction, the device of monitoring preliminary bracing or two lining Vault settlement be significant.
Specifically, be such to tunnel vault settlement monitoring at present:
As Fig. 1, the working space in tunnel comprises country rock A, inverted arch B and face C.The profile height of current freeway tunnel is about about 8-9m, and tunnel vault settlement measurement exists the many difficulties such as complex procedures.The safe early warning mechanism of current tunnel vault settlement measurement requires that measuring accuracy reaches mm magnitude, but there is certain defect for measuring accuracy and portable degree in conventional Vault settlement measuring equipment and method in current engineering.The major equipment measure that current tunnel vault monitoring adopts is:
1, total powerstation: total station survey Vault settlement exists the defect of bigger error, error magnitude is at about 1cm.
2, spirit-leveling instrument coordinates Sopwith staff: the length of Sopwith staff can meet the requirement of tunnel high span, but Sopwith staff exists the defect of bigger error.
3, spirit-leveling instrument coordinates indium steel ruler: the precision of indium steel ruler can meet the demands, but the length of indium steel ruler is on the low side, can not meet the large span detection requirement of tunnel cross-section.
The monitoring of current tunnel vault sedimentation needs one can meet high-precision requirement, and the high span that can be applicable to again tunnel is measured, and the Vault settlement monitoring device be convenient to installation, dismantled and carry.
Through retrieval, not yet find the device meeting above-mentioned requirements.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is just the shortcoming and defect overcoming prior art existence, and provide a kind of tunnel vault settlement monitoring devices and methods therefor of practicality, claimed structure is simple, with low cost, easy to operate, install, dismounting and easy to operate, be easy to carry, be easy to apply.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
One, tunnel vault settlement monitoring device (abbreviation device)
This device comprises spirit-leveling instrument, turn station foot pin, vault hook, indium steel ruler, repacking indium steel ruler, relay peg and relay strut;
Arrange vault hook at the measuring point of tunnel surrounding, vault hook, relay peg are connected up and down successively with repacking indium steel ruler;
In tunnel, tunnel, ground or inverted arch arrange a turn station foot pin, turn station foot pin arranges indium steel ruler;
The spirit-leveling instrument in tunnel, tunnel, ground or inverted arch arranged is placed between indium steel ruler and repacking indium steel ruler.
Two, tunnel vault Monitoring method of the subsidence (abbreviation method)
This method comprises the following steps:
1. make level datum points and vault monitoring point hook is installed
Level datum points requires to be arranged on outside hole or stable inverted arch top, and this reference point is not easily by destructions such as construction machineries, after determining reference point location, be drilled in deep hole inverted arch being beaten about 1m by qi of chong channel ascending adversely, the reinforcing bar of diameter 22mm is inserted in deep hole, reinforces with Anchor Agent;
Vault monitoring point is chosen at the vault middle part needing monitoring section, is drilled in by inflation the deep hole beating about 1m in vault country rock, by with the light face of diameter 12mm linked up with) reinforcing bar inserts in the hole, reinforces with Anchor Agent.
2. choose suitable spirit-leveling instrument and measure website, three-legged support is firmly supported on ground by survey crew, is arranged on by spirit-leveling instrument on A-frame, carries out spirit-leveling instrument leveling.
3. be placed on level datum points by indium steel ruler, measure support personnel and carry out leveling by air level to indium steel ruler, spirit-leveling instrument is aimed at indium steel ruler by survey crew, conditioning instrumentation, reads measurement data.
4. the relay strut that support personnel chooses appropriate length is measured, carry out installation docking, to the 1st strut choose in cup that hook inserts on the 1st peg, hung by the relay peg of appropriate length to point to be measured mounted vault hook place in advance, repacking indium steel ruler top being installed hook is hung on the bottom of relay peg.
5. spirit-leveling instrument is aimed at the repacking indium steel ruler being suspended from steady state (SS), regulate spirit-leveling instrument, read measurement data.
6. the difference of elevation between point to be measured and level datum points is drawn by the length computation of level datum points measurement data, to be measured some measurement data and relay peg.
7., after monitoring, repacking indium steel ruler is taken off, by the hook of choosing that relay strut and the 1st relay strut are installed, peg is taken off one by one, and relay strut is taken apart, check simultaneously, arrange all devices.
8. choose suitable measuring period, again repeat.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the following advantages and effect:
1. structure is simple, pacifies loading, unloading and carries all very convenient, economic and practical, is easy to promote;
2. measuring accuracy is high, can meet the accuracy requirement of tunnel New Austrian Tunneling Method construction to measurement data;
3. be applicable to that tunnel point step construction causes vault distance tunnel in floor level situation about constantly changing.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 .1 is tunnel junction composition, and Fig. 1 .2 is the D-D cut-open view of Fig. 1 .1.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of this device;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of relay peg;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of repacking indium steel ruler;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of relay strut.
Wherein:
A-country rock; Ground or inverted arch in B-tunnel; C-face;
10-spirit-leveling instrument;
20-turns station foot pin;
30-vault is linked up with;
40-reequips indium steel ruler, 41-indium steel ruler, and 42-chi top is linked up with;
50-relay peg, the 51-the 1 peg, the 52-the 2 peg
5N-the N peg, N is natural number, is less than 10;
A-cup;
60-relay strut, the 61-the 1 strut, the 62-the 2 strut
6N-the N strut, N is natural number, is less than 10;
B-chooses hook.
Embodiment
Describe in detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples:
One, device
1, overall
As Fig. 2, this device comprises spirit-leveling instrument 10, turn station foot pin 20, vault hook 30, indium steel ruler 41, repacking indium steel ruler 40, relay peg 50 and relay strut 60;
Arrange vault hook 30 at the measuring point of tunnel surrounding A, vault hook 30, relay peg 50 are connected successively with repacking indium steel ruler about 40;
In tunnel, ground or inverted arch B arrange a turn station foot pin 20, turn station foot pin 20 arranges indium steel ruler 41;
The spirit-leveling instrument 10 in tunnel, ground or inverted arch B arranged is placed between indium steel ruler 41 and repacking indium steel ruler 40.
2, functional part
1) spirit-leveling instrument 10
As Fig. 2, spirit-leveling instrument 10 is made up of alidade and pedestal two parts, and its effect is just to provide a horizontal line of sight (collimation axis).
2) station foot pin 20 is turned
As Fig. 2, turning station foot pin 20 general is that leg-of-mutton cast iron is made by plane, has three spurs below, is convenient to tread in soil, make it stable.Have the semisphere parcel of a projection above, vertical levelling pole in ball top, only contact bottom chi ball top the highest a bit, when levelling pole rotation direction, the elevation at the bottom of chi can not change.
3) vault hook 30
As Fig. 2, vault hook 30 is arranged on the measuring point of tunnel surrounding A.
4) indium steel ruler 40 is reequiped
As Fig. 2,4, repacking indium steel ruler 40 comprises indium steel ruler 41 and chi top hook 42, and the end face of indium steel ruler 41 is provided with chi top hook 42.
Top hook 42 utilizes plain bar to make, and has certain radian, can effectively improve Vault settlement monitoring accuracy.
5) relay peg 50
As Fig. 2,3, relay peg 50 comprises the 1st peg 51, the 2nd peg 52 that connect successively ... N peg 5N, N are natural numbers, are less than 10; The top of the 1st peg 51 is provided with cup a.
In concrete making, often save peg and utilize No. 10 plain bars to make, two ends are provided with crotch;
Cup a is about 15cm, diameter 1cm.
6) relay strut 60
As Fig. 2,5, relay strut 60 comprises the 1st strut 61, the 2nd strut 62 that connect successively ... N strut 6N, N are natural numbers, are less than 10; Be provided with on the top of the 1st strut 61 and choose hook b.
In concrete making, each strut utilizes hollow tubular cutting, is made; The two ends often saving strut are all processed with the external thread with nut adaptation, are convenient to joint connection in site by nut.
1st strut 61 is 1.5 meters, the 2nd strut 62 ... N strut 6N is 2 meters, is convenient to general vehicle and carries;
Often saving strut all utilizes Φ 40mm × 2mm steel pipe to make, lighter in weight;
What the 1st strut 61 welded top had No. 8 plain bars to make chooses hook b.
Two, method
1, in practical operation, the quantity of relay peg 50 is selected according to the different construction of scene employing:
1) according to three step construction, when the Vault settlement after excavating is topped bar in monitoring, do not need relay peg 50, directly the indium steel ruler 40 of repacking is hung on vault and link up with 30 times;
2) corresponding middle bench excavation, only needs the 1st peg 51.
3) corresponding excavation of getting out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation, increase by the 2nd peg 52.
4) after inverted arch excavation or when needing to monitor two lining Vault settlement, then need to continue increase N peg 5N.
2, the length for each relay peg 50 can look for block place outside tunnel, utilizes spirit-leveling instrument to carry out Accurate Calibration.Same like this monitoring point, in the different construction stage, according to hung peg, is directly revised initial monitor data separate each relay peg 50 length, can be calculated the corresponding settling amount of vault.
Claims (1)
1. a tunnel vault Monitoring method of the subsidence, the device of use comprises spirit-leveling instrument (10), turn station foot pin (20), vault hook (30), indium steel ruler (41), repacking indium steel ruler (40), relay peg (50) and relay strut (60);
Arrange vault hook (30) at the measuring point of country rock (A), vault hook (30), relay peg (50) are connected up and down successively with repacking indium steel ruler (40);
In tunnel, ground or upper setting of inverted arch (B) turn station foot pin (20), and turn station foot pin (20) arranges indium steel ruler (41);
In tunnel, ground or the upper spirit-leveling instrument (10) arranged of inverted arch (B) are placed between indium steel ruler (41) and repacking indium steel ruler (40);
Described relay peg (50) comprises the 1st peg (51), the 2nd peg (52) that connect successively ... N peg (5N), N is natural number, is less than 10;
The top of the 1st peg (51) is provided with cup (a);
Described relay strut (60) comprises the 1st strut (61), the 2nd strut (62) that connect successively ... N strut (6N), N is natural number, is less than 10;
Be provided with on the top of the 1st strut (61) and choose hook (b);
It is characterized in that this method comprises the following steps:
1. make level datum points and vault monitoring point hook is installed;
2. choose suitable spirit-leveling instrument and measure website, three-legged support is firmly supported on ground, spirit-leveling instrument is arranged on A-frame, carry out spirit-leveling instrument leveling;
3. indium steel ruler is placed on level datum points, by air level, leveling is carried out to indium steel ruler, then spirit-leveling instrument is aimed at indium steel ruler, conditioning instrumentation, read measurement data;
4. the relay strut of appropriate length is chosen, carry out installation docking, by choosing in cup that hook inserts on the 1st peg on the 1st strut, hung by the relay peg of appropriate length to point to be measured mounted vault hook place in advance, repacking indium steel ruler top being installed hook is hung on the bottom of relay peg;
5. spirit-leveling instrument is aimed at the repacking indium steel ruler being suspended from steady state (SS), regulate spirit-leveling instrument, read measurement data;
6. the difference of elevation between point to be measured and level datum points is drawn by the length computation of level datum points measurement data, to be measured some measurement data and relay peg;
7., after monitoring, repacking indium steel ruler is taken off, by the hook of choosing that relay strut and the 1st relay strut are installed, peg is taken off one by one, and relay strut is taken apart, check simultaneously, arrange all devices;
8. choose suitable measuring period, again repeat.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310069353.2A CN103175505B (en) | 2013-03-05 | 2013-03-05 | Tunnel vault subsidence monitoring device and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310069353.2A CN103175505B (en) | 2013-03-05 | 2013-03-05 | Tunnel vault subsidence monitoring device and method |
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| CN103175505A CN103175505A (en) | 2013-06-26 |
| CN103175505B true CN103175505B (en) | 2014-12-17 |
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| CN104297447B (en) * | 2013-11-14 | 2017-05-31 | 长安大学 | The physical simulating method that a kind of surface subsidence influences on subway tunnel |
| CN105180897A (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2015-12-23 | 长安大学 | Method for improving precision of opposite side measurement for settlement of tunnel vault |
| CN106123849A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2016-11-16 | 中航勘察设计研究院有限公司 | The monitoring method of Vault settlement and monitoring element thereof in a kind of bored tunnel |
| CN108458686A (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2018-08-28 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of new type of continuous beam bridge end bay Cast-in-Situ Segment drop measurement method |
| CN107816968A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-03-20 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of tunnel arch top settlement measurement apparatus and measuring method |
| CN108413925A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-08-17 | 长安大学 | A kind of forward sight scale for the monitoring of tunnel double-lining Vault settlement |
| CN108151700A (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2018-06-12 | 中铁第六勘察设计院集团有限公司 | A kind of portable multi-function indium steel ruler ruler covering device |
| CN109813280A (en) * | 2019-01-03 | 2019-05-28 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | A kind of real-time tunnel stratum settlement detection device being easily installed |
| CN111795675B (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2022-01-18 | 浙江大港桥梁科学研究有限公司 | Tunnel vault settlement monitoring system |
| CN111721262B (en) * | 2020-07-10 | 2021-06-11 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Automatic guiding method for total station tracking in field elevation measurement |
| CN114117615B (en) | 2021-12-02 | 2022-09-20 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Method and device for determining performance of roadbed of highway section and processing equipment |
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