CN103175505A - Tunnel vault subsidence monitoring device and method - Google Patents
Tunnel vault subsidence monitoring device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103175505A CN103175505A CN2013100693532A CN201310069353A CN103175505A CN 103175505 A CN103175505 A CN 103175505A CN 2013100693532 A CN2013100693532 A CN 2013100693532A CN 201310069353 A CN201310069353 A CN 201310069353A CN 103175505 A CN103175505 A CN 103175505A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tunnel vault subsidence monitoring device and a tunnel vault subsidence monitoring method. The invention relates to the field of rock and soil mechanical monitoring technology. The device comprises a leveling device, a station-transfer foot pin, a vault hook, an indium steel ruler, a modified indium steel ruler, a relay hanging rod, and a relay supporting rod. The vault hook is arranged at a surrounding rock measuring point. The vault hook, the relay hanging rod, and the modified indium steel ruler are sequentially connected vertically. The station-transfer foot pin is arranged on a ground or an invert in the tunnel. The indium steel ruler is arranged on the station-transfer foot pin. The leveling device arranged on the ground or invert in the tunnel is arranged between the indium steel ruler and the modified indium steel ruler. The device provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient mounting, convenient detaching, convenient carrying, and easy popularization. The device is economical and practical. The measuring precision is high. With the method and the device, precision requirements upon measuring data by tunnel new Austrian tunneling method can be satisfied. The method is suitable to be used in situations with constantly changed ground height between vault and ground in tunnel caused by tunnel stepped construction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the rock-soil mechanics monitoring device, relate in particular to a kind of tunnel vault settlement monitoring device and monitoring method thereof; Specifically, this device is aimed at the device that in highway, railway tunnel construction, sedimentation is monitored to vault, it is not only applicable to highway, railway tunnel construction, and applicable too to the monitoring of the Underground Space Excavation engineering top sedimentation of similar size.
Background technology
Along with the development of national economy, unbalanced for the china natural resources part, the mountain terrain is shared larger, and for extenuating the urban traffic pressure of day by day expanding, tunnel construction is increasing simultaneously.How effectively to avoid the generation of accident in construction, to the tunnel in real time, monitoring measurement is essential exactly.Therefore, under these circumstances, in order to reduce the monitoring cost of tunnel vault sedimentation, raise the efficiency, reach the desired precision of standard, in the urgent need to a kind of tunnel vault settlement monitoring device of practicality.
Monitoring measurement is that (New Austrian Tunneling Method is to use the rock mass mechanics theory to the tunnel New Austrian Tunneling Method, take the self-supporting ability safeguarding and utilize country rock as basic point, adopting anchor pole and sprayed concrete is main supporting means, carry out timely supporting, control the distortion of country rock and relax, make country rock become the ingredient of support system, and by measurement, the monitoring of country rock and supporting being instructed method and the principle of constructing tunnel and underground engineering design construction.) construction one of three cores, can intuitively reflect the tunnel surrounding variation characteristic, for deformation allowance and supporting parameter adjustment provide foundation, for safety for tunnel engineering provides safeguard.Simultaneously according to related specifications, the vault settlement monitoring is must survey project in constructing tunnel, and monitors by spirit-leveling instrument in order to improve the monitoring accuracy General Requirements.Therefore, consider the site operation actual conditions, provide a kind of can be according to different constructions, the device that preliminary bracing or two lining vault sedimentations are monitored is significant.
Specifically, be such to the tunnel vault settlement monitoring at present:
As Fig. 1, the working space in tunnel comprises country rock A, inverted arch B and face C.The profile height of freeway tunnel is about the 8-9m left and right at present, and there are the many difficulties such as complex procedures in the tunnel vault settlement measurement.The safe early warning mechanism of tunnel vault settlement measurement requires measuring accuracy to reach the mm magnitude at present, but has certain defect for measuring accuracy and portable degree in the vault settlement measurement equipment of commonly using in present engineering and method.The major equipment measure that tunnel vault monitoring is at present adopted is:
1, total powerstation: there is the defective of bigger error in the sedimentation of total station survey vault, and the error magnitude is in the 1cm left and right.
2, spirit-leveling instrument coordinates Sopwith staff: the length of Sopwith staff can satisfy the requirement of the high span in tunnel, but there is the defective of bigger error in Sopwith staff.
3, spirit-leveling instrument coordinates the indium steel ruler: the precision of indium steel ruler can meet the demands, but the length of indium steel ruler is on the low side, can not satisfy the large span monitoring requirement of tunnel cross-section.
The monitoring of at present tunnel vault sedimentation needs a kind ofly can satisfy high-precision requirement, and the high span that can be applicable to again the tunnel is measured, and is convenient to the vault settlement monitoring device installing, dismantle and carry.
Through retrieval, not yet find to satisfy the device of above-mentioned requirements.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention just is to overcome the shortcoming and defect that prior art exists, and a kind of tunnel vault settlement monitoring device and monitoring method thereof of practicality is provided, and claimed structure is simple, with low cost, easy to operate, installation, dismounting and easy to operate, be easy to carry, be easy to apply.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
One, tunnel vault settlement monitoring device (abbreviation device)
This device comprises spirit-leveling instrument, turn the station foot pin, vault hook, indium steel ruler, reequip indium steel ruler, relay peg and relay strut;
At the measuring point of tunnel surrounding, the vault hook is set, vault hook, relay peg and be connected the connection successively up and down of indium steel ruler;
Arrange on ground or inverted arch in the tunnel, tunnel and turn the station foot pin, the indium steel ruler is set turning on the foot pin of station;
The spirit-leveling instrument that arranges on ground or inverted arch in the tunnel, tunnel is placed between indium steel ruler and repacking indium steel ruler.
Two, tunnel vault Monitoring method of the subsidence (abbreviation method)
This method comprises the following steps:
1. make the level reference point and vault monitoring point hook is installed
The level reference point requires to be arranged on outside, hole or stable inverted arch top, and this reference point is difficult for by destructions such as construction machineries, after determining reference point location, is drilled in the deep hole of beating the 1m left and right on inverted arch by qi of chong channel ascending adversely, the reinforcing bar of diameter 22mm is inserted in deep hole, reinforce with Anchor Agent;
The vault monitoring point is chosen at needs the vault of monitoring section middle part, is drilled in the deep hole of beating the 1m left and right in the vault country rock by inflation, will be with the light face of the diameter 12mm of hook) reinforcing bar inserts in the hole, reinforces with Anchor Agent.
2. choose suitable spirit-leveling instrument and measure website, survey crew firmly is supported in three-legged support on ground, and spirit-leveling instrument is arranged on A-frame, carries out the spirit-leveling instrument leveling.
3. the indium steel ruler is placed on leveling base, measures the support personnel and by air level, the indium steel ruler is carried out leveling, survey crew is aimed at the indium steel ruler with spirit-leveling instrument, regulates instrument, reads measurement data.
4. measure the relay strut that the support personnel chooses appropriate length, docking is installed, the hook of choosing on the 1st strut is inserted in cup on the 1st peg, the relay peg of appropriate length is hung to point to be measured shifted to an earlier date mounted vault hook place, the repacking indium steel ruler that hook is installed on the top is hung on the bottom of relay peg.
5. spirit-leveling instrument is aimed at the repacking indium steel ruler that is suspended from steady state (SS), regulate spirit-leveling instrument, read measurement data.
6. the length computation by reference point measurement data, tested point measurement data and relay peg draws the difference of elevation between to be measured and reference point.
7. monitor complete after, will reequip the indium steel ruler and take off, by the hook of choosing of installing on relay strut and the 1st relay strut, peg is taken off one by one, and the relay strut is taken apart, check simultaneously, arrange all devices.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages and effect:
1. simple in structure, install, unload and carry all very convenient, economic and practical, be easy to promote;
2. measuring accuracy is high, can satisfy tunnel New Austrian Tunneling Method construction to the accuracy requirement of measurement data;
3. be applicable to that tunnel minute step construction causes vault apart from the situation of the continuous variation of floor level in the tunnel.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 .1 is the tunnel junction composition, and Fig. 1 .2 is the D-D cut-open view of Fig. 1 .1.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of this device;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of relay peg;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of repacking indium steel ruler;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of relay strut.
Wherein:
The A-country rock; Ground or inverted arch in the B-tunnel; C-face;
The 10-spirit-leveling instrument;
20-turns the station foot pin;
30-vault hook;
40-repacking indium steel ruler, 41-indium steel ruler, 42-chi pushes up hook;
50-relay peg, the 51-the 1 peg, the 52-the 2 peg
5N-N peg, N are natural numbers, less than 10;
The a-cup;
60-relay strut, the 61-the 1 strut, the 62-the 2 strut
6N-N strut, N are natural numbers, less than 10;
B-chooses hook.
Embodiment
Describe in detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples:
One, device
1, overall
As Fig. 2, this device comprises spirit-leveling instrument 10, turn station foot pin 20, vault hook 30, indium steel ruler 41, repacking indium steel ruler 40, relay peg 50 and relay strut 60;
At the measuring point of tunnel surrounding A, vault hook 30 is set, vault hook 30, relay peg 50 and be connected indium steel ruler 40 connection successively up and down;
Arrange on ground or inverted arch B in the tunnel and turn station foot pin 20, indium steel ruler 41 is set turning on the foot pin 20 of station;
The spirit-leveling instrument 10 that arranges on ground or inverted arch B in the tunnel is placed between indium steel ruler 41 and repacking indium steel ruler 40.
2, functional part
1) spirit-leveling instrument 10
As Fig. 2, spirit-leveling instrument 10 is comprised of alidade and pedestal two parts, and its effect just is to provide a horizontal line of sight (collimation axis).
2) turn station foot pin 20
As Fig. 2, turning station foot pin 20 is generally that leg-of-mutton cast iron is made by the plane, and the below has three spurs, is convenient to tread in soil, makes it stable.The above has the semisphere parcel of a projection, and vertical levelling pole pushes up in ball, the chi bottom only contact the ball top the highest a bit, when the levelling pole rotation direction, the elevation at the bottom of chi can not change.
3) the vault hook 30
As Fig. 2, vault hook 30 is arranged on the measuring point of tunnel surrounding A.
4) repacking indium steel ruler 40
As Fig. 2,4, repacking indium steel ruler 40 comprises indium steel ruler 41 and chi top hook 42, is provided with chi top hook 42 at the end face of indium steel ruler 41.
5) the relay peg 50
As Fig. 2,3, relay peg 50 comprises the 1st peg 51, the 2nd peg 52 that connects successively ... N peg 5N, N are natural numbers, less than 10; Be provided with cup a on the top of the 1st peg 51.
In concrete the making, every joint peg utilizes No. 10 plain bars to make, and two ends are provided with crotch;
Cup a is about 15cm, diameter 1cm.
6) the relay strut 60
As Fig. 2,5, relay strut 60 comprises the 1st strut 61, the 2nd strut 62 that connects successively ... N strut 6N, N are natural numbers, less than 10; Be provided with on the top of the 1st strut 61 and choose hook b.
In concrete the making, each strut utilizes the hollow tubular cutting, is made; The two ends of every joint strut all are processed with the external thread adaptive with nut, are convenient to joint connection in site by nut.
The 1st strut 61 is 1.5 meters, the 2nd strut 62 ... N strut 6N is 2 meters, is convenient to general vehicle and carries;
Every joint strut all utilizes Φ 40mm * 2mm steel pipe to make, and weight is lighter;
The 1st strut 61 welded top have that No. 8 plain bars make chooses hook b.
Two, method
1, in practical operation, select the quantity of relay peg 50 according to the different construction of field by using: 1) if adopt three step construction, during vault sedimentation after excavation is topped bar in monitoring, do not need relay to hang
2) corresponding middle bench excavation only needs the 1st peg 51.
3) the corresponding excavation of getting out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation, increase by the 2nd peg 52.
When 4) inverted arch excavates afterwards or need to monitor two lining vault sedimentations, need to continue to increase N peg 5N.
2, can look in the outside, tunnel the piece place for the length of each relay peg 50, utilize spirit-leveling instrument to carry out Accurate Calibration.Same like this monitoring point according to the peg that hangs, directly utilizes each relay peg 50 length to revise to initial Monitoring Data in the different construction stages, can calculate the corresponding settling amount of vault.
Claims (5)
1. tunnel vault settlement monitoring device is characterized in that:
This device comprises spirit-leveling instrument (10), turn station foot pin (20), vault hook (30), indium steel ruler (41), repacking indium steel ruler (40), relay peg (50) and relay strut (60);
Measuring point at country rock (A) arranges vault hook (30), and vault is linked up with (30), relay peg (50) and is connected indium steel ruler (40) and connects successively up and down;
The upper setting of ground or inverted arch (B) turns station foot pin (20) in the tunnel, indium steel ruler (41) is set turning on station foot pin (20);
The upper spirit-leveling instrument (10) that arranges of ground or inverted arch (B) is placed between indium steel ruler (41) and repacking indium steel ruler (40) in the tunnel.
2. by a kind of tunnel vault settlement monitoring device claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that:
Described repacking indium steel ruler (40) comprises indium steel ruler (41) and chi top hook (42), is provided with chi top hook (42) at the end face of indium steel ruler (41).
3. by a kind of tunnel vault settlement monitoring device claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that:
Described relay peg (50) comprises the 1st peg (51), the 2nd peg (52) that connects successively ... N peg (5N), N are natural numbers, less than 10;
Be provided with cup (a) on the top of the 1st peg (51).
4. by a kind of tunnel vault settlement monitoring device claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that:
Described relay strut (60) comprises the 1st strut (61), the 2nd strut (62) that connects successively ... N strut (6N), N are natural numbers, less than 10;
Be provided with on the top of the 1st strut (61) and choose hook (b).
5. based on the tunnel vault sedimentation method of the described device of claim 1, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
This method comprises the following steps:
1. make the level reference point and vault monitoring point hook is installed;
2. choose suitable spirit-leveling instrument and measure website, three-legged support firmly is supported on ground, spirit-leveling instrument is arranged on A-frame, carry out the spirit-leveling instrument leveling;
3. the indium steel ruler is placed on leveling base, by air level, the indium steel ruler is carried out leveling, then spirit-leveling instrument is aimed at the indium steel ruler, regulate instrument, read measurement data;
4. choose the relay strut of appropriate length, docking is installed, the hook of choosing on the 1st strut is inserted in cup on the 1st peg, the relay peg of appropriate length is hung to point to be measured shifted to an earlier date mounted vault hook place, the repacking indium steel ruler that hook is installed on the top is hung on the bottom of relay peg;
5. spirit-leveling instrument is aimed at the repacking indium steel ruler that is suspended from steady state (SS), regulate spirit-leveling instrument, read measurement data;
6. the length computation by reference point measurement data, tested point measurement data and relay peg draws the difference of elevation between to be measured and reference point;
7. monitor complete after, will reequip the indium steel ruler and take off, by the hook of choosing of installing on relay strut and the 1st relay strut, peg is taken off one by one, and the relay strut is taken apart, check simultaneously, arrange all devices;
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310069353.2A CN103175505B (en) | 2013-03-05 | 2013-03-05 | Tunnel vault subsidence monitoring device and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310069353.2A CN103175505B (en) | 2013-03-05 | 2013-03-05 | Tunnel vault subsidence monitoring device and method |
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| CN103175505A true CN103175505A (en) | 2013-06-26 |
| CN103175505B CN103175505B (en) | 2014-12-17 |
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| CN201310069353.2A Expired - Fee Related CN103175505B (en) | 2013-03-05 | 2013-03-05 | Tunnel vault subsidence monitoring device and method |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104297447A (en) * | 2013-11-14 | 2015-01-21 | 长安大学 | Physical simulation method for influences of surface subsidence on subway tunnel |
| CN105180897A (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2015-12-23 | 长安大学 | Method for improving precision of opposite side measurement for settlement of tunnel vault |
| CN106123849A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2016-11-16 | 中航勘察设计研究院有限公司 | The monitoring method of Vault settlement and monitoring element thereof in a kind of bored tunnel |
| CN107816968A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-03-20 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of tunnel arch top settlement measurement apparatus and measuring method |
| CN108151700A (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2018-06-12 | 中铁第六勘察设计院集团有限公司 | A kind of portable multi-function indium steel ruler ruler covering device |
| CN108413925A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-08-17 | 长安大学 | A kind of forward sight scale for the monitoring of tunnel double-lining Vault settlement |
| CN108458686A (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2018-08-28 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of new type of continuous beam bridge end bay Cast-in-Situ Segment drop measurement method |
| CN109813280A (en) * | 2019-01-03 | 2019-05-28 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | A kind of real-time tunnel stratum settlement detection device being easily installed |
| CN111721262A (en) * | 2020-07-10 | 2020-09-29 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Automatic guiding method for total station tracking in field elevation measurement |
| CN111795675A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-10-20 | 浙江大港桥梁科学研究有限公司 | Tunnel vault settlement monitoring system |
| CN114117615A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-03-01 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Method and device for determining performance of roadbed of highway section and processing equipment |
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104297447A (en) * | 2013-11-14 | 2015-01-21 | 长安大学 | Physical simulation method for influences of surface subsidence on subway tunnel |
| CN105180897A (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2015-12-23 | 长安大学 | Method for improving precision of opposite side measurement for settlement of tunnel vault |
| CN106123849A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2016-11-16 | 中航勘察设计研究院有限公司 | The monitoring method of Vault settlement and monitoring element thereof in a kind of bored tunnel |
| CN108458686A (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2018-08-28 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of new type of continuous beam bridge end bay Cast-in-Situ Segment drop measurement method |
| CN107816968A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-03-20 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of tunnel arch top settlement measurement apparatus and measuring method |
| CN108413925A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-08-17 | 长安大学 | A kind of forward sight scale for the monitoring of tunnel double-lining Vault settlement |
| CN108151700A (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2018-06-12 | 中铁第六勘察设计院集团有限公司 | A kind of portable multi-function indium steel ruler ruler covering device |
| CN109813280A (en) * | 2019-01-03 | 2019-05-28 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | A kind of real-time tunnel stratum settlement detection device being easily installed |
| CN111795675A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-10-20 | 浙江大港桥梁科学研究有限公司 | Tunnel vault settlement monitoring system |
| CN111721262A (en) * | 2020-07-10 | 2020-09-29 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Automatic guiding method for total station tracking in field elevation measurement |
| CN111721262B (en) * | 2020-07-10 | 2021-06-11 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Automatic guiding method for total station tracking in field elevation measurement |
| CN114117615A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-03-01 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Method and device for determining performance of roadbed of highway section and processing equipment |
| US11847383B2 (en) | 2021-12-02 | 2023-12-19 | Institute Of Rock And Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy Of Sciences | Method for determining a performance of an unsaturated subgrade of a multi-layered expressway section and processing device thereof |
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