CN104288321A - 治疗眼病的中药滴眼液及其制备方法 - Google Patents
治疗眼病的中药滴眼液及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于医药领域,涉及一种治疗眼病的中药滴眼液及其制备方法,具体涉及一种治疗病毒性角膜炎、病毒性结合膜炎、急慢性结合膜炎等眼科疾病的中药滴眼液及其制备方法,按照重量份数计,包括以下药物成分:板蓝根10~50份、大青叶10~20份、金银花5~8份、生地5~10份、苍术3~5份、玄明粉10~15份、珍珠粉3~5份、决明子10~15份、景天3~5份、维生素A 0.1~1份和维生素B120.1~1份。本发明的优点在于所使用的药物符合中华人民共和国药典规定,药物安全可靠。诸药相和具有抗炎抗过敏,营养角膜末梢三叉神经的功效,具有疗效确切、见效快、治愈率高、无副作用等特点。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医药领域,涉及一种治疗眼病的中药滴眼液及其制备方法,具体涉及一种治疗病毒性角膜炎、病毒性结合膜炎、急慢性结合膜炎等眼科疾病的中药滴眼液及其制备方法。
背景技术
病毒性角膜炎、结膜炎是一种常见的眼科疾病,由多种病毒引起,传染性极强,容易合并感染其他疾病。病毒性角膜炎是受病毒致病原感染角膜而引起的炎症。角膜浅层有丰富的三叉神经末梢,故该病常有明显的刺激症状,有畏光、流泪、酸痛等。角膜本属透明,一旦有病,则其透明度发生改变,病人常主诉有视物模糊。该病一般沿三叉神经发病,病变部位侵犯较深,其感觉减退,但因炎症刺激角膜病变的邻近组织,因此刺激症状仍较明显。病毒性角膜炎,病程牧长,愈后且易复发。常可伴有葡萄膜反应,甚至出现虹膜睫状体炎、前房积脓,或继发青光眼,是临床上较为常见的致盲眼病之一。病毒性结膜炎约经5~12天的潜伏期后出现症状,包括结膜充血,水样分泌物,眼部刺激和睡醒时上下眼睑粘住。常双眼出现症状,而通常一眼先开始。许多病人曾接触结膜炎者和/或最近患上呼吸道感染者。球结膜和睑结膜充血,睑结膜出现结膜滤泡,耳前淋巴结肿大和疼痛。临床上最常见的病毒性角膜炎、结膜炎主要有单纯疱疹性、带状疱疹性、流行性角膜炎和结膜炎等。
单纯疱疹性角膜炎,是最常见的病毒性角膜炎,其发病率较高。由于其具有易复发、迁延不愈、对药物治疗抵抗等临床特点,是主要的致盲眼病,已成为当前眼科医师最感棘手的眼病之一。
发明内容
根据以上现有技术的不足,本发明提供一种治疗眼病的中药滴眼液及其制备方法,其疗效显著、安全可靠、无毒副作用,具有广阔的临床应用前景。
本发明所述的一种治疗眼病的中药滴眼液,按照重量份数计,包括以下药物成分:板蓝根10~50份、大青叶10~20份、金银花5~8份、生地5~10份、苍术3~5份、玄明粉10~15份、珍珠粉3~5份、决明子10~15份、景天3~5份、维生素A 0.1~1份和维生素B120.1~1份。
其中,优选方案如下:
按照重量份数计,包括以下药物成分:板蓝根30份、大青叶15份、金银花5份、生地5份、苍术3份、玄明粉12份、珍珠粉3份、决明子10份、景天3份、维生素A 0.5份和维生素B121份。
本发明所述的治疗眼病的中药滴眼液的制备方法,制备时,按照以下步骤进行:
(1)先将板蓝根、大青叶、金银花、生地、苍术、玄明粉、珍珠粉、决明子、景天加水5000毫升,文火煮沸1小时,取滤液;
(2)残渣再加水5000毫升,文火煮沸1小时,将两次滤液合并;
(3)将上述滤液浓缩至125毫升,冷却后加375毫升质量分数为95%的乙醇混匀,放置24小时后用滤纸过滤;
(4)将滤液挥尽或回收乙醇后,加维生素A和维生素B12粉,搅匀再加蒸馏水至1000~5000毫升得到药液;
(5)调整药液相当于质量分数为0.8~1.2%的氯化钠的渗透压,向药液中加防腐剂氰氟化汞,其中,氰氟化汞与药液的体积比为1:1500,再用质量分数为10%的氢氧化钠调PH值至7.0;
(6)最后药液经滤纸过滤,加盖密封,高压消毒,分装8毫升/支。
使用时,每天3~5次,每次1~2滴。
药理分析:
板蓝根:清热,解毒,凉血,利咽。温毒发斑;高热头痛;大头瘟疫;舌绛紫暗,烂喉丹痧;丹毒;痄腮;喉痹;疮肿、痈肿;水痘;麻疹;肝炎;流行性感冒,流脑,乙脑,肺炎,神昏吐衄,咽肿,火眼,疮疹等;可防治流行性乙型脑炎、急慢性肝炎、流行性腮腺炎、骨髓炎等。板蓝根对多种细菌有抑制作用,水浸液对枯草杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、八联球菌、大肠杆菌、伤寒杆菌、副伤寒杆菌、痢疾(志贺、弗氏)杆菌、肠炎杆菌等都有不同程度的抑制作用;丙酮浸出液也有类似作用,且对溶血性链球菌有效(皆用琼脂小孔平板法)。对A型脑膜炎球菌之抑菌作用与大蒜、金银花相似。对流感病毒PR8株和京科68-1株有明显抑制作用,在试管内板蓝根有杀灭钩端螺旋体的作用。
大青叶:主治热毒发斑、丹毒、咽喉肿痛、口舌生疮、疮痈肿毒等症。近年来此药在临床上广泛应用,除可用治上述诸症外,又可用于痰热郁肺、咯痰黄稠;尤常用于流行性乙性脑炎,既可单味应用于预防,又可配合柴胡、银花、连翘、板蓝根、玄参、生地等,能清解气分、营分的热毒,可用治各种乙脑,而以偏热型较为合适。体外实验表明:大青叶有广谱抗生素作用,其煎剂对金黄色葡萄球菌、甲型链球菌、脑膜炎双球菌、肺炎双球菌、卡他球菌、伤寒杆菌、大肠杆菌、流感杆菌、白喉杆菌及痢疾杆菌均有一定程度的抑制作用。大青叶对乙型脑炎病毒、腮腺炎病毒、流感病毒亦有抑制作用.对钩端螺旋体也有杀灭作用。
金银花:性寒,味甘,入肺、心、胃经,具有清热解毒、抗炎、补虚疗风的功效,主治胀满下疾、温病发热,热毒痈疡和肿瘤等症。其对于头昏头晕、口干作渴、多汗烦闷、肠炎、菌痢、麻疹、肺炎、乙脑、流脑、急性乳腺炎、败血症、阑尾炎、皮肤感染、痈疽疔疮、丹毒、腮腺炎、化脓性扁桃体炎等病症均有一定疗效。
生地:有止血作用,又有抗凝血作用,还具有抗真菌作用,对须疮癣菌、石膏样小芽胞癣菌、羊毛状小芽胞癣菌及奥杜盎小芽胞癣菌等多种真菌的生长有抑制作用.
苍术:具有燥湿健脾,辟秽化浊,祛风散寒,明目的功效;主治湿困脾胃,脘痞腹胀,呕恶泄泻,带下淋浊,瘟疫,瘴疠,疟疾,霍乱,风湿外感,寒湿着痹,脚气,痿症,夜盲症。
玄明粉:具有泻热通便;软坚散结;清热解毒;清肺解暑;消积和胃的功效。主要治疗实热积滞;大便不通;目赤肿痛;咽肿口疮;痈疽肿毒。
珍珠粉:珍珠粉有清热解毒之效,能够清肝火。肝主目,肝火旺则目生翳,视力模糊。同时经过研究发现,珍珠粉中的硒可以强化视觉神经的传导,改善视力状况;微量元素中的锌可促进视神经的轴浆运输,改善视网膜及视网膜色素上皮细胞的代谢与功能。《中华人民共和国药典》叙述:“珍珠有明目消翳之功能,主治目生云翳”,所以很多学者都将珍珠粉成为“眼科圣药”。
决明子:具清热明目、润肠通便的功能。生决明子长于清肝热,润肠燥。用于目赤肿痛,大便秘结。
景天:祛风利湿,活血散瘀,止血止痛。用于喉炎,荨麻疹,吐血,小儿丹毒,乳腺炎;外用治疔疮痈肿,跌打损伤,鸡眼,烧烫伤,毒蛇咬伤,带状疱疹,脚癣。
维生素A:又称视黄醇(其醛衍生物视黄醛)或抗干眼病因子,是一个具有脂环的不饱和一元醇,包括动物性食物来源的维生素A1、A2两种,是一类具有视黄醇生物活性的物质。维生素A1多存于哺乳动物及咸水鱼的肝脏中,而维生素A2常存于淡水鱼的肝脏中。由于维生素A2的活性比较低,所以通常所说的维生素A是指维生素A1。维生素A维持正常的视觉功能,维生素A充足,则视紫红质的再生快而完全,暗适应恢复时间短。维生素A可治疗干眼病、角膜软化症、皮肤干燥及夜盲症等。此外,对烫、冻伤和溃疡也有疗效。
维生素B12:能营养角膜的末梢神经,增强角膜末梢神经的抗病能力,促进病情的康复。
本发明的优点在于所使用的药物符合中华人民共和国药典规定,药物安全可靠。诸药相和具有抗炎抗过敏,营养角膜末梢三叉神经的功效,具有疗效确切、见效快、治愈率高、无副作用等特点。
疗效判断
1临床资料
1.1一般资料治疗组50例单疱病毒性角膜炎病人在门诊由专人负责观察治疗(共62只眼),其中男28例,女22例;年龄5~73岁;病程2~26天,平均16.3±6.36天,62只眼中浅层单疱病毒性角膜炎34只眼,深层单疱病毒性角膜炎28只眼。
1.2中医辨证分型
1.2.1浅层单疱病毒性角膜炎(风热外袭型)病人有头痛、流泪、发热、怕风等症状,舌质红,苔薄黄,脉浮数。病变仅局限于上皮或波及角膜前1/3基质层。
1.2.2深层单疱病毒性角膜炎(肝火内炽型)病人有头胀、目赤、肋闷不适等症状,舌质红,苔黄腻,脉滑数或弦数。病变深达角膜1/2基质层或后弹力层及内皮层,包括地图样角膜溃疡、盘状角膜炎和角膜葡萄膜炎。
1.2.3恢复期单疱病毒性角膜炎(肺阴不足型)病人有目涩、视物混暗伴乏力、盗汗等症状,舌质红,少苔脉细数。病变后期,病情趋向稳定,角膜浸润明显好转恢复阶段。
2治疗方法
每天3~5次,每次1~2滴。20天一个疗程,治疗两个疗程。
2.1.6疗效标准①治愈:浅层单疱病毒性角膜炎为溃疡愈合,病灶区荧光索着色转为阴性;深层单疱病毒性角膜炎及恢复期单疱病毒性角膜炎除上述标准外,在裂隙灯切面中,基质层浸润、水肿消失,不增厚,后弹力层皱褶及房水闪光消失②好转:浅层单疱病毒性角膜炎为溃疡部分愈合,病灶缩小,残留少许荧光素着色点。深层及恢复期单疱病毒性角膜炎除上述标准外,在裂隙灯切面中,基质层浸润、水肿减轻,角膜厚度接近正常③无效:病情无改变或加重。
3治疗结果。
三组病例治疗均以20天为1个疗程,两个疗程后统计结果。治疗组总有效率为96%;详见下表。
典型病例介绍
秦某,男,25岁,右眼红、痛、流泪、怕风12天。检查右眼视力0.4,左眼视力1.0,发现右眼角膜颞侧有浅层树枝样浸润,荧光素染色着色,舌质红,苔薄黄,脉浮数,属风热外袭型。经本发明滴眼液结合38天明显痊愈。
王某,男,28岁,左眼红、痛、流泪、怕风、怕光5天,伴眼睑轻度水肿。检查右眼视力1.2,左眼视力0.06,发现左眼角膜中央有深层地图样浸润,荧光素染色着色,舌质红,苔黄腻,脉滑数,属肝火内炽型。经本发明滴眼液结合28天明显好转。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明做进一步说明。
实施例1:
一种治疗眼病的中药滴眼液,按照重量份数计,包括以下药物成分:板蓝根30份、大青叶15份、金银花5份、生地5份、苍术3份、玄明粉12份、珍珠粉3份、决明子10份、景天3份、维生素A 0.5份和维生素B121份。
实施例2:
实施例1按照以下步骤制备:
(1)先将板蓝根、大青叶、金银花、生地、苍术、玄明粉、珍珠粉、决明子、景天加水5000毫升,文火煮沸1小时,取滤液;
(2)残渣再加水5000毫升,文火煮沸1小时,将两次滤液合并;
(3)将上述滤液浓缩至125毫升,冷却后加375毫升质量分数为95%的乙醇混匀,放置24小时后用滤纸过滤;
(4)将滤液挥尽或回收乙醇后,加维生素A和维生素B12粉,搅匀再加蒸馏水至4000毫升得到药液;
(5)调整药液相当于质量分数为1.2%的氯化钠的渗透压,向药液中加防腐剂氰氟化汞,其中,氰氟化汞与药液的体积比为1:1500,再用质量分数为10%的氢氧化钠调PH值至7.0;
(6)最后药液经滤纸过滤,加盖密封,高压消毒,分装8毫升/支。
Claims (3)
1.一种治疗眼病的中药滴眼液,其特征在于按照重量份数计,包括以下药物成分:板蓝根10~50份、大青叶10~20份、金银花5~8份、生地5~10份、苍术3~5份、玄明粉10~15份、珍珠粉3~5份、决明子10~15份、景天3~5份、维生素A 0.1~1份和维生素B120.1~1份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的治疗眼病的中药滴眼液,其特征在于按照重量份数计,包括以下药物成分:板蓝根30份、大青叶15份、金银花5份、生地5份、苍术3份、玄明粉12份、珍珠粉3份、决明子10份、景天3份、维生素A 0.5份和维生素B121份。
3.一种权利要求1所述的治疗眼病的中药滴眼液的制备方法,其特征在于制备时,按照以下步骤进行:
(1)先将板蓝根、大青叶、金银花、生地、苍术、玄明粉、珍珠粉、决明子、景天加水5000毫升,文火煮沸1小时,取滤液;
(2)残渣再加水5000毫升,文火煮沸1小时,将两次滤液合并;
(3)将上述滤液浓缩至125毫升,冷却后加375毫升质量分数为95%的乙醇混匀,放置24小时后用滤纸过滤;
(4)将滤液挥尽或回收乙醇后,加维生素A和维生素B12粉,搅匀再加蒸馏水至1000~5000毫升得到药液;
(5)调整药液相当于质量分数为0.8~1.2%的氯化钠的渗透压,向药液中加防腐剂氰氟化汞,其中,氰氟化汞与药液的体积比为1:1500,再用质量分数为10%的氢氧化钠调PH值至7.0;
(6)最后药液经滤纸过滤,加盖密封,高压消毒,分装8毫升/支。
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