CN1042368A - 含气孔的乙烯/α-链烯烃橡胶 - Google Patents

含气孔的乙烯/α-链烯烃橡胶 Download PDF

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CN1042368A
CN1042368A CN89107946A CN89107946A CN1042368A CN 1042368 A CN1042368 A CN 1042368A CN 89107946 A CN89107946 A CN 89107946A CN 89107946 A CN89107946 A CN 89107946A CN 1042368 A CN1042368 A CN 1042368A
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中原隆
木村敏明
三岛孝
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Mitsui Chemical Industry Co Ltd
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Abstract

根据本发明提供了一种具有优良可捏合性的含气孔的乙烯/α-链烯烃橡胶,其特征在于乙烯/α-链烯烃橡胶是通过使50-95%(摩尔)乙烯、5-50%(摩尔)至少有3个碳原子的α-链烯烃以及0-10%(摩尔)非共轭多烯共聚作用来制得。它在100份(体积)所述橡胶基础上含有5-1000份(体积)的气孔,根据ASTMD1506测得其吸水体积少于总气孔体积的20%(体积)。

Description

本发明涉及一种含气孔的乙烯/α-链烯烃橡胶,特别是涉及一种含有大部分密闭气孔的含气孔的乙烯/α-链烯烃橡胶,它具有优良的可捏和性,并在贮存中很少降低其可捏合性。
由于乙烯/α-链烯烃橡胶具有优良的耐候性、耐臭氧性及耐热性,故它可用于制造汽车部件、建筑材料、电线及工业用部件。当乙烯/α-链烯烃橡胶用作上述这些目的时,橡胶就要与诸如炭黑的增强材料、诸如滑石粉和粘土的填料以及诸如种种柔软剂、硫化促进剂和硫化剂的配合添加剂相混合,并且所得到的混合物是采用与普通橡胶所使用的相同方法使用诸如班伯里密炼机(Banbury        mixer)或种种挤出机的分批捏合机进行捏合。
由于上述的捏合操作需要大量能量且耗时长,那么捏合所需的成本在全部的成本中必定占了极大的比例。最近,根据前述,乙烯/α-链烯烃已开始被广泛地使用了,所述的橡胶具有高的乙烯组分和高的门尼粘度,并且难以捏合。为了改善该乙烯/α-链烯烃橡胶的可捏合性,通过将气体包含到所述的橡胶内开发出一种所谓的脆包装,该脆包装已投入市场。
但是,在常规的脆包装中,有这样的缺陷,即由于气孔通常在连续状态下形成,所以在连续的载荷下,由于所述的脆包装本身使残留在所述的气孔中的气体泄漏掉了,结果是这种包装在可捏合性方面变差了。
本发明试图解决与上述现有技术相关的问题,本发明的一个目的是提供具有相当优良的可捏合性,并能耐受在贮存中其可捏合性变差的不良条件,即使可捏和性变差,也只是极轻程度的含气孔乙烯/α-链烯烃橡胶。
本发明含气孔的乙烯/α-链烯烃橡胶的特征在于使50-95%(摩尔)的乙烯、5-50%(摩尔)至少有3个碳原子的α-链烯烃以及基于100份(体积)所述橡胶来说含5-1000份(体积)的0-10%(摩尔)的非共轭多烯进行共聚作用得到气孔的基体来制得乙烯/α-链烯烃橡胶,根据美国材料试验学会D1506(ASTM        D1506)测量它对水的吸附体积,少于气孔总体积的20%(体积)。
现对本发明的含气孔乙烯/α-链烯烃橡胶作如下详细地阐述:
在本发明中用作基体的乙烯/α-链烯烃橡胶基本上是由于乙烯/α-链烯烃或乙烯/α-链烯烃/非共轭多烯(以下有时简称EPT)组成的二聚物、三元共聚物或多组分聚合物橡胶。
在本发明中作为EPT的一个组分的至少有3个碳原子的α-链烯烃具体地说包括选自丙烯、1-丁烯、1-戊烯、1-己烯、4-甲基-1-戊烯、1-辛烯、1-癸烯及其混合物的有3-20个碳原子的α-链烯烃。
采用的非共轭多烯具体说包括诸如1,4-己二烯、1,6-辛二烯和5-甲基-1,4-己二烯的链非共轭二烯,诸如环己二烯、二环戊二烯、甲基四氢茚、5-乙烯基降冰片烯、5-亚乙基-2-降冰片烯和5-异亚丙基-2-降冰片烯的环非共轭二烯,以及诸如2.8-二异亚丙基-5-降冰片烯和1,3,7-辛三烯的三烯。在上述的这些非共轭多烯中,二聚环戊二烯、5-亚乙基-2-降冰冰片烯、5-乙烯基-2降冰片烯和1,4-己二烯尤为优选,这些多烯可单独使用或结合在一起使用。
本发明中采用的EPT是一种共聚物橡胶,通过使50-95%(摩尔),较好地是60-90%(摩尔),的乙烯、5-50%(摩尔),较好地是10-40%(摩尔),的α-链烯烃和0-10%(摩尔),较好地是0-4%(摩尔),的非共轭多烯进行共聚作用来制得,它的门尼粘度(ML1+4′100℃)较好地为5-300。
本发明的含气孔乙烯/α-链烯烃橡胶可含有诸如操作油的矿物油。
用作构成在本发明的含气孔乙烯/α-链烯烃橡胶中所包含的气孔的气体包括,在常温、常压下呈气相的物质,例如空气、氮气、氦气、二氧化碳、氧气和氢气,除此之外,也可用水蒸气、种种有机溶剂和其它物质的蒸气。在上述这些物质中,优选的是诸如氮气和氦气的无毒且不易燃的气体。
为了使上述气体存在于EPT的密闭气孔中例如,可采用通常已知的方法,其中将EPT加热直至软化状态,在捏合这样软化的EPT的同时向内吹入所述的气体,并用挤出机挤出,然后进行冷却。但是,在所述的例子中,也可采用适合于该目的意图的其它方法。
在发明的含气孔乙烯/α-链烯烃橡胶相对于用相对用作基体橡胶的乙烯/α-链烯烃橡胶的体积作100份计算,含有5-1000份(体积)的气孔,较好地含有10-50份(体积)气孔。
在含气孔的乙烯/α-链烯烃橡胶中,可使用一种含有诸如操作油的矿化油的乙烯/α-链烯烃橡胶作为基体橡胶。在此情况下,以相对于乙烯/α-链烯烃橡胶和矿物油总体积为100份(体积)计算,本发明的含气孔的乙烯/α-链烯烃橡胶含有5-1000份(体积)的气孔,较好地含有10-50份(体积)的气孔。
在本发明的含气孔的乙烯/α-链烯烃橡胶中,其中所含的气孔较好地是密闭气孔。
在这一点上,通常是通过当橡胶与水接触时含气孔橡胶的吸水量来判定含气孔橡胶中所含的气孔的密闭性,吸水量较少,气孔的量较大。在本发明中,吸水体积(从吸水量转换成体积所得的值,吸水附量是用在ASTM        D1506中所规定的吸水试验测得)少于气孔总体积的20%(体积),较好地少于气孔总体积的10%(体积),最好少于气孔总体积的5%(体积)。
在本说明书中,根据下列等式可得到含气孔乙烯/α-链烯烃橡胶内所包含的气孔的总体积:
气孔总体积= (含气孔的乙烯/α-链烯烃橡胶的重量)/(乙烯/α-链烯烃橡胶的表观比重) - (含气孔的乙烯/α-链烯烃橡胶的重量)/(乙烯/α-链烯烃橡胶的真实比重)
当本发明的含气孔乙烯/α-链烯烃橡胶用与普通橡胶相似的方法与诸如炭黑的增强材料、诸如滑石粉和粘土的填料、种种软化剂、硫化促进剂和硫化剂的配合剂相混合,所得的混合物用诸如班伯里密炼机或其它种种挤出机进行捏合,从而制得复合橡胶。
在本发明的含气孔橡胶中,与普通的乙烯/α-链烯烃橡胶相比,其捏合操作费时少,电能消耗低,且在贮存中所含的气体几乎不泄漏,橡胶的可捏合性的衰退也是很少的。此外,当橡胶与其它配合剂一起捏合时,包含在本发明的含气孔乙烯/α-链烯烃橡胶中的气孔被分散至其它配合剂之中,在所得的复合的橡胶中就无气体存在。
这样得到的复合橡胶通常通过硫化作用而固化,然后用作橡胶产品。
本发明的含气孔乙烯/α-链烯烃橡胶含有具有高的密闭性的气孔,因此可捏合性极为优良,能在短时间内、低电能耗下进行捏合,也可在贮存时减少其可捏合性的变差。
本发明可参照实施例在下面进行阐述,但应当了解本发明不被这些实施例所限制。实施例1-4以及比较实施例1-2
具有乙烯含量为79%(摩尔)、磺值为10以及门尼粘度[ML(100℃)]为80的乙烯/丙烯/亚乙基降冰片烯共聚物橡胶(以下简称EPT-1)用Nippon        Seiko        K.K的挤出机TEX65(商品名)在聚合温度300℃下进行捏合,同时在挤出机内向聚合物里吹入氮气得到一种含气孔乙烯/α-链烯烃橡胶,由氮气构成的气孔占聚合物体积的10-40%(体积),吸水体积(占总气孔体积)1-4%(体积)。
这样得到的含气孔乙烯/α-链烯烃橡胶在挤出后即刻以及经3个月贮存后相应地进行加速试验,然后将100份(重量)FEF炭黑、60%(重量)碳酸氢钙、80份(重量)操作油、5份(重量)锌白和1份(重量)硬脂酸相混合,所得的混合物用混合机,Kobe        SeikoK.K的Mixtron        2型(商品名)进行捏合得到厚度为1毫米的薄片状复合橡胶。
肉眼观察复合橡胶组分分散状况来判断所述橡胶的可捏合性。
作为比较实施例1的不含气体的普通EPT-1和作为比较实施例2的含有连续气孔的EPT-1的脆包装都按上述进行相同的试验。
结果如表1所示。
表1
注解:0)以相对于100份(体积)基体橡胶计算的份数(体积)
1)根据ASTM        D1506进行测量
2)可捏合性
捏合条件如下:
Mixtron        BB2混合机(商品名Kobe        Seiko        K.K)
风筒压力:1.7公斤/厘米2
填充率:65%
配合剂的喂送:同时倾倒
配方:聚合物(100)/FEF炭黑(80)/碳酸氢钙(60)/油(80)/锌白(5)/硬脂酸(1)
判断标准如下:
良好:分散良好
尚可:观察到的聚合物团的直径小于1毫米。
差:观察到的聚合物团的直径大于1毫米。
3)加速试验
贮存条件:在40克/厘米2的连续负载下70℃下放置2天
从前面的结果中可以了解到本发明实施例的样品具有优良的可捏合性和可贮存性,而比较实施例1的样品的可捏合性不良,比较实施例2的样品可贮存性不良。

Claims (4)

1、一种含气孔的乙烯/α-链烯烃橡胶,其特征在于它是通过使50-95%(摩尔)乙烯、5-50%(摩尔)至少有3个碳原子的α-链烯烃以及0-10%(摩尔)非共轭多烯进行共聚而制得,作为基体橡胶的乙烯α/链烯烃橡胶相对于100份(体积)所述基体橡胶来说包含5-1000份(体积)的气孔,并根椐ASTMD1506测得的吸水休积少于气孔总体积的20%(体积)。
2、根据权利要求1所述的含气孔的乙烯/α-链烯烃橡胶,其特征在于其中相对于100份(体积)橡胶来说,含有10-50份(体积)的气孔。
3、根据权利要求1所述的含气孔的乙烯/α-链烯烃橡胶,其特征在于其中根据ASTM        D1506测得的吸水体积少于总气孔体积的20%(体积)。
4、根据权利要求1所述的含气孔的乙烯/α-链烯烃橡胶,其特征在于通过使60-90%(摩尔)乙烯、10-40%(摩尔)至少有3个碳原子的α-链烯烃以及0-4%(摩尔)的非共轭多烯共聚作用而制得。
CN89107946A 1988-10-14 1989-10-13 含气孔的乙烯/α-链烯烃橡胶组合物及其制备方法 Expired - Lifetime CN1027510C (zh)

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JPS59161439A (ja) * 1983-03-04 1984-09-12 Mitsui Petrochem Ind Ltd スポンジ
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1102608C (zh) * 1996-11-15 2003-03-05 三井化学株式会社 可发泡加工橡胶组合物及其硫化橡胶发泡模制品

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KR900006367A (ko) 1990-05-08
JP2814609B2 (ja) 1998-10-27
CN1027510C (zh) 1995-01-25
EP0365202A2 (en) 1990-04-25
DE68915682T2 (de) 1994-09-15
KR930002463B1 (ko) 1993-04-02
US5346987A (en) 1994-09-13
CA2000377A1 (en) 1990-04-15
ATE106429T1 (de) 1994-06-15
EP0365202B1 (en) 1994-06-01
EP0365202A3 (en) 1990-11-07
DE68915682D1 (de) 1994-07-07
CA2000377C (en) 1995-07-11
US5068256A (en) 1991-11-26

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