CN104222889B

CN104222889B - A kind of matrimony vine soluble dietary fiber and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN104222889B
Application number: CN201410458150.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵兵; 赵庆生; 王晓东
Original assignee: Institute of Process Engineering of CAS
Current assignee: Institute of Process Engineering of CAS
Priority date: 2014-09-10
Filing date: 2014-09-10
Publication date: 2017-05-31
Anticipated expiration: 2034-09-10
Also published as: CN104222889A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of matrimony vine soluble dietary fiber and preparation method thereof, described soluble dietary fiber is to separate to come from matrimony vine slag, and matrimony vine cinder ladle includes the residue of the generations such as production juice from Chinese wolfberry, Chinese wolfberry fruit wine, LBP-X, matrimony vine water extract, matrimony vine alcohol extract.Preparation method of the invention comprises the following steps：, through acid solution, alkali lye or ferment treatment, treatment fluid is through separation of solid and liquid, clear liquid concentration, ethanol precipitation, dried process, you can obtain matrimony vine soluble dietary fiber of the invention for matrimony vine slag.Present invention process is easy, and equipment requirement is simple, product color preferably, with dissolubility higher, expansive force, retention ability, hold oily power, be adapted to exploitation health food or used as food additives.

Description

Medlar soluble dietary fiber and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of biochemical engineering, in particular to a medlar soluble dietary fiber and a preparation method thereof, and particularly relates to a soluble dietary fiber obtained by separating medlar residues produced by medlar wine, medlar polysaccharide, medlar juice and the like produced by factories and a preparation method thereof.

Background

In recent years, with the rapid development of the medlar industry, the planting area of medlar in China reaches more than 100 ten thousand mu, more than 100 enterprises intervene in the deep processing field of medlar, the participating capital reaches more than 80 billion yuan, about 1.5 million tons of medlar residues are generated every year, and the medlar residues cannot be effectively utilized for a long time, so that the great resource waste and the environmental pollution are caused.

At present, the medlar residue produced in the field of medlar deep processing comprises medlar residue produced by producing medlar juice, medlar residue produced by producing medlar aqueous extract, medlar residue produced by producing medlar alcohol extract, medlar residue produced by producing medlar polysaccharide, medlar residue produced by producing medlar fruit wine, residue produced by separating medlar seeds, medlar residue produced by producing medlar fermentation wine, and residue produced by producing medlar functional components (such as medlar pigment, medlar flavone, medlar lutein, medlar betaine, medlar zeaxanthin and the like).

For another example, none of the following patents relating to the further processing of lycium barbarum relate to residue treatment. For example, CN103130698A discloses a method for extracting zeaxanthin from medlar and medlar dregs, CN103549572A discloses a medlar juice beverage and a production process thereof, CN1416730A discloses a method for producing medlar juice powder, CN1038205A discloses a method for producing medlar juice, CN103012612A discloses a method for extracting medlar polysaccharide, CN101133833A discloses a method for preparing medlar active polysaccharide, CN1263108A medlar polysaccharide extraction and purification process, CN102703279A discloses a production process of foaming medlar fruit wine, CN103045424A discloses a method for brewing dry medlar fruit wine, CN103289858A discloses a fermented wine of whole juice of fresh medlar and a preparation method thereof, CN1465691A discloses a method for producing medlar wine, CN103130698A discloses a method for extracting zeaxanthin from medlar and medlar dregs, CN102659741A discloses a method for extracting active ingredients from Ningxia medlar and a preparation method of oligosaccharide, CN103467615A discloses a preparation method of oligosaccharide, CN103006899A discloses an extraction and purification process, a detection method and application of total flavonoids of Chinese wolfberry.

Dietary fiber was first proposed by Hipsley in 1953, who called dietary fiber 3 components, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, which constitute the cell wall of plants. The new term Dietary Fiber (DF) was first introduced in 1972 by h.c. trowlel and was defined as "carbohydrates and lignin not absorbed by the human body" in 1976. In 1995, the united nations FAO and the U.S. FDA defined dietary fiber as: among all the components of various edible animals and plants, those which are not hydrolyzed by the action of digestive enzymes of humans. In 2000, the American Association of Cereal Chemists (AACC) defined dietary fiber as: DF is the edible part of plants and similar carbohydrates that are not digested and absorbed by the human small intestine, but are fermented in whole or in part inside the large intestine, including polysaccharides, oligosaccharides, lignin and plant substrates. The chinese nutrition society defines dietary fiber as: dietary fiber is a polysaccharide that is not available to the human body, i.e., a polysaccharide that is not digested by digestive enzymes in the human gastrointestinal tract and is not available for absorption by the human body. These polysaccharides are mainly derived from complex carbohydrates of plant cell walls, and may also be referred to as non-starch polysaccharides, i.e. polysaccharides other than alpha-glucans.

Dietary fiber can be divided into two types of water-soluble and water-insoluble according to solubility, and the total dietary fiber is the sum of the two types:

total Dietary Fiber (TDF): including all components such as non-starch polysaccharides, lignin, resistant starches (including retrograded and modified starches), and maillard reaction products, among others.

② Soluble Dietary Fiber (SDF): the dietary fiber is the part of dietary fiber which is not digested by human digestive tract enzymes, but is soluble in warm water or hot water, and the water solution of the dietary fiber can be reprecipitated by 4 times of ethanol, mainly refers to the stored substances and secretion in plant cells, and also comprises part of microbial polysaccharide and synthetic polysaccharide such as pectin, guar gum, alginate, glucan and fungal polysaccharide.

③ Insoluble Dietary Fiber (IDF): the dietary fiber is not digested by digestive tract enzyme of human body and is insoluble in hot water, in IDF, one kind is cellulose, hemicellulose, insoluble pectin and lignin which form plant cell wall, the first 3 kinds are polysaccharide macromolecular polymer, and the lignin is aromatic hydrocarbon polymer; the other is chitin contained in the skin of crustacean such as shrimp and crab. Dietary fiber can be classified into plant, animal, microorganism, algal polysaccharides and synthetic dietary fiber according to the source. Plant derived materials such as cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, pectin, acacia, healed sore gum, galactomannan, etc. Animal origin such as chitin, chitosan, collagen, etc. Microbial sources such as xanthan gum and the like. Algal polysaccharides such as alginate, carrageenan, agar, etc. Synthetic ones such as carboxymethyl cellulose and the like. Among them, plant bodies are the main source of dietary fibers and are also the most studied and applied.

The dietary fiber has positive effect on human health, and has outstanding functions in preventing human gastrointestinal tract diseases and maintaining gastrointestinal tract health. Early epidemiological studies have shown that dietary fiber can prevent colon cancer and to some extent treat chronic diseases, thus having the reputation of "gut scavenger". Studies have shown that diets with sufficient dietary fiber content have particular utility in both the prevention and treatment of diabetes. The dietary fiber can also delay and reduce the absorption of harmful substances such as heavy metals by human bodies, and has the function of reducing and preventing the toxic action of harmful chemical substances to the human bodies. In addition, the dietary fiber can improve the eating quality, the processing property and the appearance property of food, and has wide application in food. At present, the following reports on the efficacy of dietary fibers are made:

(1) prevention of constipation: the dietary fiber can retain water in intestinal tract, promote intestinal peristalsis, increase the volume of intestinal contents, soften stool, and balance intestinal flora. Meanwhile, the dietary fiber can stimulate intestinal mucosa in the intestinal tract, promote gastrointestinal motility, reduce the retention time of food in the intestinal tract, accelerate excretion speed and achieve the effect of preventing constipation.

(2) Has weight reducing effect. After the dietary fiber enters the intestinal tract, satiety can be increased, and food intake is obviously reduced, mainly because the dietary fiber has strong water absorption and swelling properties, the dietary fiber expands along with water absorption, the volume and the weight are increased by several times, and the intake of the dietary fiber can also inhibit the absorption of sugar, regulate the digestion and absorption functions and reduce the accumulation of fat, thereby achieving the purpose of losing weight.

(3) Relieving clinical symptoms of diabetes patients. The main reasons for prolonging the retention time of food in intestines, reducing the absorption rate of glucose, improving the diabetes and the like are that pectin exists in dietary fiber, the pectin is colloidal polysaccharide and has strong water retention. Therefore, pectin-rich foods such as potato have excellent effects on relieving diabetes.

(4) Reducing blood lipid. The dietary fiber is also beneficial to reducing blood fat, preventing and improving coronary heart disease and hypertension. Pectin in dietary fiber can bind cholesterol, and lignin can bind cholic acid, so that it can be directly discharged from feces to prevent cholelithiasis.

(5) Has anticancer effect. The investigation result shows that the dietary fiber can expel toxin and prevent cancer, and the effect of the dietary fiber cannot be replaced by other nutrients. The absorption of harmful substances such as heavy metals in the intestinal tract can be delayed and reduced by the intake of dietary fiber, and the intake of dietary fiber can minimize the toxic effect of harmful chemical substances on human body. After the dietary fiber is taken, the retention time of the excrement in the intestinal tract is shortened, the intestinal peristalsis is promoted, and the retention time of carcinogenic substances is reduced, so that the pathological change risk of the cancer is reduced.

The invention provides a method for producing medlar dietary fiber by using medlar residues, which can reuse the medlar residues produced in the current factory, not only solves the problem of medlar residue treatment in the factory, but also changes waste into valuable, adds a new variety to the dietary fiber industry of China and provides a raw material source.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a medlar soluble dietary fiber and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a soluble dietary fiber separated from medlar residues and a preparation method thereof.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

in a first aspect, the invention provides a medlar soluble dietary fiber, and the soluble dietary fiber refers to soluble dietary fiber separated from medlar.

As a preferred technical scheme, the soluble dietary fiber is medlar soluble dietary fiber separated from medlar residues.

Preferably, the medlar residue is one or a mixture of at least two of medlar residue produced in medlar juice production, medlar residue produced in medlar water extract production, medlar residue produced in medlar alcohol extract production, medlar residue produced in medlar polysaccharide production, medlar residue produced in medlar fruit wine production, medlar residue produced in medlar fermentation wine production and residue produced in medlar functional component production.

Preferably, the functional components of the medlar are one or a mixture of at least two of medlar pigment, medlar flavone, medlar lutein, medlar betaine and medlar zeaxanthin.

According to a preferable technical scheme, the medlar soluble dietary fiber provided by the invention comprises one or more than two of pectin, glucan, soluble cellulose or soluble hemicellulose.

In a second aspect, the invention also provides a method for preparing the medlar soluble dietary fiber by using medlar residues, which comprises the following steps:

(1) raw materials: medlar residue;

(2) acid extraction: adding 5-35 times of acid liquor by weight, preferably 10-20 times of acid liquor by weight, more preferably 15 times of acid liquor by weight into the Chinese wolfberry residues; soaking, and then extracting for 0.5-10 h, preferably 2-6 h, and more preferably 2.5 h; performing solid-liquid separation, and collecting supernatant;

(3) concentration: concentrating the supernatant until the solid content is 10-65%, preferably 30-55%, and more preferably 40%;

(4) and (3) precipitation: precipitating the concentrate by using 50-100% ethanol; preferably, 70-95% ethanol is used for precipitating the concentrate; more preferably 80% ethanol, to precipitate the concentrate;

(5) and (3) drying: cleaning the precipitate with 75-100% ethanol; drying the washed precipitate, and crushing or grinding the dried substance to obtain soluble medlar dietary fiber;

wherein the acid solution in the step (2) is any one or a mixture of at least two of hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, citric acid, malic acid, oxalic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid and lactic acid; the concentration of the acid solution is 0.1-10%, preferably 0.5-2%, and more preferably 0.7%.

As a further improvement of the scheme, the soluble dietary fiber can be prepared by adopting an alkaline method for extraction, and the method comprises the following steps:

(1) raw materials: medlar residue;

(2) alkali extraction: adding 5-35 times of alkali liquor by weight, preferably 10-20 times of alkali liquor by weight, and more preferably 15 times of acid liquor by weight into the Chinese wolfberry residues; soaking, and then extracting for 0.5-4 h, preferably 1-3 h, and more preferably 2.5 h; performing solid-liquid separation, and collecting supernatant;

the alkali liquor in the step (2) is one of NaOH or KOH; the concentration of the alkali liquor is 0.5-10%, preferably 0.5-3%, more preferably 0.9%.

As a further improvement of the above scheme, the soluble dietary fiber can be extracted by acid extraction and then by alkaline method, and the steps are as follows:

(1) raw materials: medlar residue;

(2) acid extraction: adding 5-30 times of acid liquor by weight, preferably 10-20 times of acid liquor by weight, more preferably 15 times of acid liquor by weight into the Chinese wolfberry residues; soaking; extracting after soaking for 0.5-4 h, preferably 1-3 h, and more preferably 2.5 h; performing solid-liquid separation, collecting supernatant and residues for later use;

(3) alkali extraction: adding 2-25 times of alkali liquor by weight, preferably 10-20 times of alkali liquor by weight, and more preferably 15 times of acid liquor by weight into the residue obtained in the step (2); extracting for 0.5-4 h, preferably 1-3 h, and more preferably 2.5 h; performing solid-liquid separation, and collecting supernatant;

(4) concentration: mixing the supernatants obtained in the steps (2) and (3), concentrating until the solid content is 10-65%, preferably 30-55%, and more preferably 40%;

(5) and (3) precipitation: precipitating the concentrate by using 50-100% ethanol; preferably, 70-95% ethanol is used for precipitating the concentrate; more preferably 80% ethanol, to precipitate the concentrate;

(6) and (3) drying: cleaning the precipitate with 75-100% ethanol; drying the washed precipitate, and crushing or grinding the dried substance to obtain soluble medlar dietary fiber;

wherein the acid solution in the step (2) is any one or a mixture of at least two of hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, citric acid, malic acid, oxalic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid and lactic acid; the concentration of the acid liquor is 0.1-10%, preferably 0.5-2%, more preferably 0.7%;

the alkali liquor in the step (3) is one of NaOH or KOH; the concentration of the alkali liquor is 0.5-10%, preferably 0.5-3%, more preferably 0.9%.

As a further improvement of the scheme, the alkali extraction can be carried out firstly, and then the acid extraction can be carried out on the alkali extraction residue, and the steps are as follows:

(1) raw materials: medlar residue;

(2) alkali extraction: adding 5-30 times of alkali liquor by weight, preferably 10-20 times of alkali liquor by weight, and more preferably 15 times of alkali liquor by weight into the Chinese wolfberry residues; soaking; extracting after soaking for 0.5-4 h, preferably 1-3 h, and more preferably 2.5 h; performing solid-liquid separation, collecting supernatant and residues for later use;

(3) acid extraction: adding 2-25 times of acid liquor by weight, preferably 10-20 times of acid liquor by weight, and more preferably 15 times of acid liquor by weight into the residue obtained in the step (2); extracting for 0.5-4 h, preferably 1-3 h, and more preferably 2.5 h; performing solid-liquid separation, and collecting supernatant;

wherein, the alkali liquor in the step (2) is one of NaOH or KOH; the concentration of the alkali liquor is 0.5-15%, preferably 0.5-3%, more preferably 0.9%;

the acid solution in the step (3) is any one or a mixture of at least two of hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, citric acid, malic acid, oxalic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid and lactic acid; the concentration of the acid solution is 0.1-10%, preferably 0.5-2%, and more preferably 0.7%.

As optimization of the above several types of extraction methods, among them:

the extraction mode in the step (2) or the step (3) can adopt heating extraction or ultrasonic extraction;

the heating extraction is carried out, wherein the extraction temperature is kept at 60-100 ℃, preferably 80-90 ℃, and more preferably 85 ℃; the extraction time is 0.5-3 h, preferably 1-2 h, and more preferably 1.5 h.

The ultrasonic extraction is carried out under the condition that the power is 5W-1000W/L, preferably 50W-100W/L and preferably 80W/L; the extraction time is 0.5-2 h, preferably 1-2 h, and more preferably 1.5 h.

As a further optimization of the above several types of extraction, among them:

soaking in the step (2), wherein the soaked feed liquid is crushed and then extracted;

the pulverization adopts a colloid mill for superfine pulverization or a liquid superfine pulverizer for pulverization;

the solid-liquid separation in step (2) or step (3) is carried out by adopting one of a three-foot solid-liquid separator, a disc separator and a centrifugal settler.

As a further optimization of the above preparation, wherein:

before the ethanol precipitation, the pH of the extracting solution can be adjusted to 6.5-7.5, preferably pH7.0 by acid or alkali, and then the ethanol precipitation is carried out.

As a preferred technical scheme, the preparation method of the medlar soluble dietary fiber can also adopt an enzyme method for preparation, and comprises the following steps:

(1) enzymolysis: mixing fructus Lycii residue with water, and pulverizing to obtain fructus Lycii pulp; adjusting the pH value to 3.0-7.0, preferably 3.5-6.5, and more preferably 5; adding enzyme for enzymolysis;

the mass ratio of the medlar residues to the water is 1: 5-1: 30, preferably 1: 10-1: 15, and more preferably 1: 12;

in the crushing step, the crushed particle size is 100-600 meshes, preferably 200-400 meshes, and more preferably 300 meshes;

in the enzymolysis step, the enzyme for enzymolysis is one or a compound enzyme consisting of at least two of cellulase, hemicellulase, alpha-amylase, glucoamylase, arabinase and protease;

the enzymolysis temperature is 20-60 ℃, preferably 30-50 ℃, and more preferably 45 ℃; the enzymolysis time is 0.5-24 h; preferably 2-10 h, more preferably 3 h;

(2) enzyme deactivation: carrying out enzyme deactivation and solid-liquid separation on the enzymolysis liquid, and collecting filtrate;

in the enzyme deactivation step, the enzyme deactivation temperature is 50-95 ℃, preferably 80-90 ℃, more preferably 88 ℃, and the enzyme deactivation time is 2 min;

in the solid-liquid separation step, a centrifugal machine is adopted as a three-leg centrifugal machine or a horizontal centrifugal machine; in the step of centrifuging by using the three-leg centrifuge, the mesh number of the filter cloth is 200-500 meshes, and preferably 300 meshes;

(3) concentration: concentrating the filtrate until the solid content is 10-65%, preferably 30-55%, more preferably 40%;

as a preferable technical scheme, the ethanol precipitate obtained in all the schemes can be dried in the following modes except common hot air drying, forced air drying and the like:

drying the dietary fiber obtained by ethanol precipitation by spray drying, fluidized bed drying or freeze drying;

wherein, the spray drying is adopted, and the air inlet temperature is 120-220 ℃, preferably 150-190 ℃, and preferably 180 ℃;

the drying is carried out by adopting a fluidized bed, and the drying temperature is 60-95 ℃, preferably 70-80 ℃, and more preferably 75 ℃.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention has simple and convenient process, simple equipment requirement, good product color and luster, higher dissolubility, expansibility, water holding capacity and oil holding capacity, wherein the water holding capacity can reach 5.78g/g at most, the oil holding capacity is 1.59-2.93g/g, the swelling capacity reaches more than 5.07mL/g, and the invention has excellent cholesterol adsorption capacity, cholate adsorption capacity and nitrous acid adsorption capacity, and is suitable for developing health-care food or being used as food additive.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is further explained by the following embodiments.

It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the examples are only for the understanding of the present invention and should not be construed as the specific limitations of the present invention.

Example 1

(1) Raw materials: producing medlar residues generated by medlar alcohol extracts;

(2) acid extraction: adding 0.7% hydrochloric acid of 5 times of the weight of the Chinese wolfberry residue, soaking, and extracting for 10 hours; performing solid-liquid separation, and collecting supernatant;

(3) concentration: concentrating the supernatant until the solid content is 10%;

(4) and (3) precipitation: precipitating the concentrate with 100% ethanol;

(5) and (3) drying: cleaning the precipitate with 75% ethanol; drying the washed precipitate, and pulverizing or grinding the dried substance to obtain the soluble dietary fiber of fructus Lycii.

Example 2

(1) Raw materials: producing medlar residues produced by medlar fermentation wine;

(2) acid extraction: adding 35 times of 10% citric acid by weight into the Chinese wolfberry residue, soaking, and extracting for 0.5; performing solid-liquid separation, and collecting supernatant;

(3) concentration: concentrating the supernatant until the solid content is 65%;

(4) and (3) precipitation: precipitating the concentrate with 50% ethanol;

(5) and (3) drying: washing the precipitate with 100% ethanol; drying the washed precipitate, and pulverizing or grinding the dried substance to obtain the soluble dietary fiber of fructus Lycii.

Example 3

(1) Raw materials: the Chinese wolfberry residue produced by producing Chinese wolfberry polysaccharide, the Chinese wolfberry residue produced by producing Chinese wolfberry fruit wine and the Chinese wolfberry residue mixture produced by producing Chinese wolfberry fermented wine;

(2) acid extraction: adding 10 times of 0.1% hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, citric acid, malic acid and mixed acid into the Chinese wolfberry residue, soaking, and extracting for 2 times; performing solid-liquid separation, and collecting supernatant;

(3) concentration: concentrating the supernatant until the solid content is 30%;

(4) and (3) precipitation: precipitating the concentrate with 70% ethanol;

(5) and (3) drying: washing the precipitate with 85% ethanol; drying the washed precipitate, and pulverizing or grinding the dried substance to obtain the soluble dietary fiber of fructus Lycii.

Example 4

(1) Raw materials: fructus Lycii residue produced during the production of fructus Lycii juice;

(2) acid extraction: adding 20 times of 0.5% acetic acid into the Chinese wolfberry residue for soaking, and then extracting for 6 h;

(3) concentration: concentrating the supernatant until the solid content is 55%;

(4) and (3) precipitation: precipitating the concentrate with 95% ethanol;

(5) and (3) drying: washing the precipitate with 90% ethanol; drying the washed precipitate, and pulverizing or grinding the dried substance to obtain the soluble dietary fiber of fructus Lycii.

Example 5

(1) Raw materials: producing lycium barbarum residues produced by lycium barbarum polysaccharides;

(2) acid extraction: adding 2% citric acid, malic acid and oxalic acid mixed acid 15 times of the weight of the Chinese wolfberry residue, soaking, and extracting for 2.5 h; performing solid-liquid separation, and collecting supernatant;

(3) concentration: concentrating the supernatant until the solid content is 40%;

(4) and (3) precipitation: precipitating the concentrate with 80% ethanol;

(5) and (3) drying: washing the precipitate with 80% ethanol; drying the washed precipitate, and crushing or grinding the dried substance to obtain soluble medlar dietary fiber;

example 6

(1) Raw materials: producing residues generated by functional components of the medlar;

the functional components of the medlar comprise medlar pigment, medlar flavone, medlar lutein, medlar betaine and medlar zeaxanthin.

(2) Acid extraction: adding 16 times of mixed acid of 0.5% hydrochloric acid and lactic acid into the Chinese wolfberry residue, soaking, and extracting for 5 h; performing solid-liquid separation, and collecting supernatant;

(3) concentration: concentrating the supernatant until the solid content is 35%;

(4) and (3) precipitation: precipitating the concentrate with 70% ethanol;

(5) and (3) drying: cleaning the precipitate with 75% ethanol; drying the washed precipitate, and crushing or grinding the dried substance to obtain soluble medlar dietary fiber;

example 7

(1) Raw materials: producing medlar residue produced by medlar aqueous extract;

(2) acid extraction: adding 25 times of 0.9% acetic acid into the Chinese wolfberry residue, soaking, and extracting for 5.5 h; performing solid-liquid separation, and collecting supernatant;

(3) concentration: concentrating the supernatant until the solid content is 50%;

(4) and (3) precipitation: precipitating the concentrate with 80% ethanol;

Example 8

(1) Raw materials: separating the residue from the seeds of Lycium barbarum.

(2) Acid extraction: adding 6% sulfuric acid, nitric acid and lactic acid mixed acid with the weight of 25 times of the Chinese wolfberry residue, soaking, and then extracting for 6 hours; performing solid-liquid separation, and collecting supernatant;

(4) and (3) precipitation: precipitating the concentrate with 80% ethanol;

example 9

(2) alkali extraction: adding 15% NaOH solution with the weight 5 times that of the Chinese wolfberry residue, soaking, extracting for 0.52.5 hours; performing solid-liquid separation, and collecting supernatant;

(4) and (3) precipitation: precipitating the concentrate with 100% ethanol;

Example 10

(1) Raw materials: the residue of fructus Lycii produced during the production of aqueous extract of fructus Lycii.

(2) Alkali extraction: adding 35 times of 0.5% NaOH solution by weight into the Chinese wolfberry residues for soaking, and then extracting for 4 hours; performing solid-liquid separation, and collecting supernatant;

(4) and (3) precipitation: precipitating the concentrate with 50% ethanol;

(5) and (3) drying: washing the precipitate with 100% ethanol; drying the washed precipitate, and crushing or grinding the dried substance to obtain soluble medlar dietary fiber;

example 11

(2) alkali extraction: adding 10 times of 3% KOH solution by weight into the Chinese wolfberry residues, soaking, and then extracting for 1 h; performing solid-liquid separation, and collecting supernatant;

(4) and (3) precipitation: precipitating the concentrate with 50% ethanol;

Example 12

(2) alkali extraction: adding 15 times of 0.9% NaOH by weight into the Chinese wolfberry residues for soaking, and then extracting for 2.5 hours; performing solid-liquid separation, and collecting supernatant;

(4) and (3) precipitation: precipitating the concentrate with 80% ethanol;

(5) and (3) drying: washing the precipitate with 80% ethanol; drying the washed precipitate, and pulverizing or grinding the dried substance to obtain the soluble dietary fiber of fructus Lycii.

Example 13

(1) Raw materials: the medlar residue produced by producing medlar fruit wine and the medlar residue mixture produced by producing medlar fermented wine;

(2) alkali extraction: adding a mixed solution of 0.6 percent NaOH and KOH with the weight of 25 times of that of the Chinese wolfberry residue, soaking, then extracting for 3 hours, carrying out solid-liquid separation, and collecting supernatant;

(3) concentration: concentrating the supernatant until the solid content is 75%;

(4) and (3) precipitation: precipitating the concentrate with 80% ethanol;

Example 14

(1) Raw materials: producing one or a mixture of at least two of residues generated by the functional components of the medlar;

the functional components of the medlar comprise medlar pigment, medlar flavone, medlar lutein, medlar betaine and medlar zeaxanthin;

(2) alkali extraction: adding a 1% NaOH solution 15 times the weight of the Chinese wolfberry residue, soaking, and then extracting for 2 hours; performing solid-liquid separation, and collecting supernatant;

(4) and (3) precipitation: precipitating the concentrate with 70% ethanol;

Example 15

(2) acid extraction: adding 2% hydrochloric acid solution 5 times of the weight of the Chinese wolfberry residue into the Chinese wolfberry residue; soaking for 120 min; ultrasonic extraction is carried out at normal temperature after soaking, the power of the extraction is 2000W, and the extraction time is 2 h; centrifuging, collecting supernatant, and collecting residue;

(3) alkali extraction: adding 25 times of 0.5% NaOH solution by weight into the residue obtained in the step (2), performing ultrasonic extraction at normal temperature, performing extraction for 1h at the power of 1000W, centrifuging, and collecting supernatant;

(4) concentration: mixing the supernatants obtained in the steps (2) and (3), concentrating until the solid content is 10%;

(5) and (3) precipitation: precipitating the concentrate with 100% ethanol to a final ethanol concentration of 80%; cleaning with 100% ethanol for 2 times;

(6) and (3) drying: and (3) dissolving the precipitate in water, then carrying out spray drying, and crushing the dried substance at the air inlet temperature of 180 ℃ to obtain the soluble medlar dietary fiber.

Example 16

(1) Raw materials: producing medlar residue produced by medlar aqueous extract;

(2) acid extraction: adding a 0.5% acetic acid solution 15 times of the weight of the Chinese wolfberry residues into the Chinese wolfberry residues; soaking for 10 min; after soaking, hot water extraction is carried out at 60 ℃, and the extraction time is 0.5 h; centrifuging, collecting supernatant, and collecting residue;

(3) alkali extraction: adding 20 times of 2% NaOH solution into the residue obtained in the step (2), extracting with hot water at 95 ℃ for 0.5h, centrifuging, and collecting the supernatant;

(4) concentration: mixing the supernatants obtained in the steps (2) and (3), concentrating until the solid content is 45%;

(5) and (3) precipitation: precipitating the concentrate with 75% ethanol; and cleaning with 75% ethanol for 3 times;

(6) and (3) drying: and (3) dissolving the precipitate in water, then carrying out spray drying, wherein the air inlet temperature is 120 ℃, and crushing the dried substance to obtain the soluble medlar dietary fiber.

Example 17

(2) acid extraction: adding a citric acid solution with the weight being 22 times that of the medlar residues and the concentration being 0.5 percent into the medlar residues; soaking for 10 min; after soaking, carrying out hot water extraction at 100 ℃ for 0.5 h; centrifuging, collecting supernatant, and collecting residue;

(3) alkali extraction: adding 6% NaOH solution 12 times the weight of the residue obtained in the step (2), extracting with hot water at 95 ℃ for 0.5h, centrifuging, and collecting supernatant;

(5) and (3) precipitation: precipitating the concentrate with 75% ethanol; cleaning with 75% ethanol for 2 times;

(6) and (3) drying: and (3) dissolving the precipitate in water, then carrying out spray drying, and crushing the dried substance at the air inlet temperature of 160 ℃ to obtain the soluble medlar dietary fiber.

Example 18

(2) acid extraction: adding 0.9% malic acid solution 25 times of the weight of the Chinese wolfberry residue into the Chinese wolfberry residue; soaking for 10 min; after soaking, hot water extraction is carried out at 60 ℃, and the extraction time is 0.5 h; centrifuging, collecting supernatant, and collecting residue;

(3) alkali extraction: adding 15 times of 2% KOH solution into the residue obtained in the step (2), extracting with hot water at 95 ℃ for 0.5h, centrifuging, and collecting the supernatant;

(5) and (3) precipitation: precipitating the concentrate with 95% ethanol; and cleaning with 85% ethanol for 3 times;

(6) and (3) drying: and (3) dissolving the precipitate in water, then carrying out spray drying, and grinding the dried substance at the air inlet temperature of 150 ℃ to obtain the soluble medlar dietary fiber.

Example 19

(1) Raw materials: residue of fructus Lycii produced in the production of fructus Lycii wine;

(2) acid extraction: adding 10% oxalic acid solution which is 20 times of the weight of the Chinese wolfberry residues into the Chinese wolfberry residues; soaking for 10 min; after soaking, hot water extraction is carried out at 60 ℃, and the extraction time is 0.5 h; centrifuging, collecting supernatant, and collecting residue;

(3) alkali extraction: adding 1% NaOH solution 20 times the weight of the residue obtained in the step (2), extracting with hot water at 95 ℃ for 0.5h, centrifuging, and collecting the supernatant;

(4) concentration: mixing the supernatants obtained in the steps (2) and (3), concentrating until the solid content is 35%;

(5) and (3) precipitation: precipitating the concentrate with 95% ethanol; cleaning with 95% ethanol for 3 times;

(6) and (3) drying: freeze-drying the precipitate, and pulverizing the dried substance to obtain soluble fructus Lycii dietary fiber.

Example 20

(2) acid extraction: adding 1.5% sulfuric acid solution 20 times of the weight of the Chinese wolfberry residues into the Chinese wolfberry residues; soaking for 10 min; after soaking, hot water extraction is carried out at 60 ℃, and the extraction time is 0.5 h; centrifuging, collecting supernatant, and collecting residue;

(3) alkali extraction: adding a 2% KOH solution with the weight 20 times that of the residue obtained in the step (2), extracting with hot water at 95 ℃ for 0.5h, centrifuging, and collecting the supernatant;

(4) concentration: mixing the supernatants obtained in the steps (2) and (3), concentrating until the solid content is 35;

(5) and (3) precipitation: precipitating the concentrate with 95% ethanol; and cleaning with 75% ethanol for 3 times;

(6) and (3) drying: and (3) carrying out fluidized bed drying on the precipitate at the drying temperature of 70 ℃ for 150min, and crushing the dried substance to obtain the soluble medlar dietary fiber.

Example 21

(2) acid extraction: adding a nitric acid solution with the weight being 16 times that of the medlar residues and the concentration being 0.5 percent into the medlar residues; soaking for 10 min; carrying out ultrasonic extraction at normal temperature after soaking, wherein the extraction condition is that the power is 100W, and the extraction time is 2 h; centrifuging, collecting supernatant, and collecting residue;

(3) alkali extraction: adding 25 times of 0.5% NaOH solution by weight into the residue obtained in the step (2), performing ultrasonic extraction at normal temperature, performing extraction for 2h at a power of 80W/L and a power of 1000W, and collecting the supernatant;

(5) and (3) precipitation: precipitating the concentrate with 95% ethanol; cleaning with 55% ethanol for 3 times;

(6) and (3) drying: and (3) drying the precipitate by a fluidized bed at the drying temperature of 85 ℃ for 60min, and crushing the dried substance to obtain the soluble medlar dietary fiber.

Example 22

(2) acid extraction: adding 0.7% of lactic acid solution 33 times of the weight of the Chinese wolfberry residues into the Chinese wolfberry residues; soaking for 10 min; carrying out ultrasonic extraction at normal temperature after soaking, wherein the extraction condition is that the power is 100W, and the extraction time is 2 h; centrifuging, collecting supernatant, and collecting residue;

(3) alkali extraction: adding 35 times of 0.5 percent KOH solution by weight into the residue obtained in the step (2), carrying out ultrasonic extraction at normal temperature, carrying out centrifugation, and collecting supernatant, wherein the extraction condition is 1000W/L in power and 0.5h in extraction time;

(5) and (3) precipitation: precipitating the concentrate with 85% ethanol; and cleaning with 80% ethanol for 3 times;

(6) and (3) drying: and (3) carrying out fluidized bed drying on the precipitate at the drying temperature of 80 ℃ for 120min, and crushing the dried substance to obtain the soluble medlar dietary fiber.

Example 23

(1) Raw materials: a mixture of the wolfberry residue from the production of wolfberry juice and the wolfberry residue from the production of aqueous extract of wolfberry;

(2) acid extraction: adding a 0.2% hydrochloric acid solution 15 times of the weight of the Chinese wolfberry residues into the Chinese wolfberry residues; soaking for 10 min; carrying out ultrasonic extraction at normal temperature after soaking, wherein the extraction condition is that the power is 100W, and the extraction time is 2 h; centrifuging, collecting supernatant, and collecting residue;

(3) alkali extraction: adding 22 times of 3% NaOH solution by weight into the residue obtained in the step (2), performing ultrasonic extraction at normal temperature for 0.5h under the condition that the power is 1000W/L, centrifuging, and collecting supernatant;

Example 24

(1) Raw materials: a mixture of the medlar residue produced by producing the medlar alcohol extract and the medlar residue produced by producing the medlar polysaccharide;

(2) acid extraction: adding a 0.6% hydrochloric acid solution which is 21 times of the weight of the Chinese wolfberry residues into the Chinese wolfberry residues; soaking for 10 min; carrying out ultrasonic extraction at normal temperature after soaking, wherein the extraction condition is that the power is 100W, and the extraction time is 2 h; centrifuging, collecting supernatant, and collecting residue;

(3) alkali extraction: adding 32 times of 3% NaOH solution by weight into the residue obtained in the step (2), performing ultrasonic extraction at normal temperature, performing centrifugation, and collecting supernatant, wherein the extraction condition is 1000W/L in power and 0.5h in extraction time;

(6) and (3) drying: and (3) dissolving the precipitate in water, then carrying out spray drying, wherein the air inlet temperature is 220 ℃, and grinding the dried substance to obtain the soluble medlar dietary fiber.

Example 25

(2) acid extraction: adding a 2.5% hydrochloric acid solution which is 28 times of the weight of the Chinese wolfberry residues into the Chinese wolfberry residues; soaking for 10 min; carrying out ultrasonic extraction at normal temperature after soaking, wherein the extraction condition is that the power is 100W, and the extraction time is 2 h; centrifuging, collecting supernatant, and collecting residue;

(3) alkali extraction: adding 1% KOH solution 21 times the weight of the residue obtained in the step (2), performing ultrasonic extraction at normal temperature for 2 hours under the condition that the power is 50W/L, centrifuging, and collecting supernatant;

Example 26

(1) Raw materials: the mixture of the medlar residue produced by producing medlar fruit wine, the medlar residue produced by producing medlar fermentation wine and the residue produced by producing medlar pigment;

(2) acid extraction: adding 3.5% hydrochloric acid solution 24 times of the weight of the Chinese wolfberry residue into the Chinese wolfberry residue; soaking for 10 min; carrying out ultrasonic extraction at normal temperature after soaking, wherein the extraction condition is that the power is 100W, and the extraction time is 2 h; centrifuging, collecting supernatant, and collecting residue;

(3) alkali extraction: adding 1% NaOH solution 15 times the weight of the residue obtained in the step (2), performing ultrasonic extraction at normal temperature for 2h under the condition that the power is 50W/L, centrifuging, and collecting supernatant;

(5) and (3) precipitation: precipitating the concentrate with 85% ethanol; cleaning with 55% ethanol for 3 times;

(6) and (3) drying: and (3) carrying out vacuum drying on the precipitate at 50 ℃, and crushing the dried substance to obtain the soluble medlar dietary fiber.

Example 27

(2) acid extraction: adding 1.5% acetic acid solution 22 times of the weight of the Chinese wolfberry residue into the Chinese wolfberry residue; soaking for 10 min; carrying out ultrasonic extraction at normal temperature after soaking, wherein the extraction condition is that the power is 100W, and the extraction time is 2 h; centrifuging, collecting supernatant, and collecting residue;

(3) alkali extraction: adding 10 times of 7% NaOH solution by weight into the residue obtained in the step (2), performing ultrasonic extraction at normal temperature for 2h under the condition that the power is 50W/L, centrifuging, and collecting supernatant;

(5) and (3) precipitation: precipitating the concentrate with 75% ethanol; cleaning with 65% ethanol for 3 times;

(6) and (3) drying: and (3) drying the precipitate by a fluidized bed at the drying temperature of 85 ℃ for 70min, and crushing the dried substance to obtain the soluble medlar dietary fiber.

Example 28

(2) acid extraction: adding a 0.8% sulfuric acid solution which is 10 times of the weight of the Chinese wolfberry residues into the Chinese wolfberry residues; soaking for 10 min; ultrasonic extraction is carried out at normal temperature after soaking, the extraction condition is that the power is 250W/L, and the extraction time is 2 h; centrifuging, collecting supernatant, and collecting residue;

(3) alkali extraction: adding 5 times of 4% KOH solution by weight into the residue obtained in the step (2), performing ultrasonic extraction at normal temperature for 1.5h under the condition that the power is 580W/L, centrifuging, and collecting supernatant;

(4) concentration: mixing the supernatants obtained in the steps (2) and (3), concentrating until the solid content is 55%;

(5) and (3) precipitation: precipitating the concentrate with 85% ethanol; and cleaning with 75% ethanol for 3 times;

(6) and (3) drying: and (3) drying the precipitate by a fluidized bed at the drying temperature of 80 ℃ for 90min, and crushing the dried substance to obtain the soluble medlar dietary fiber.

Example 29

(2) acid extraction: adding 0.2% acetic acid solution 20 times of the weight of the Chinese wolfberry residue into the Chinese wolfberry residue; soaking for 10 min; after soaking, hot water extraction is carried out at 60 ℃, and the extraction time is 0.5 h; centrifuging, collecting supernatant, and collecting residue;

(3) alkali extraction: adding 2% KOH solution with the weight 32 times that of the residue obtained in the step (2), carrying out ultrasonic extraction at normal temperature, carrying out extraction for 2.5h under the condition that the power is 250W/L, centrifuging, and collecting supernate;

Example 30

(1) Raw materials: separating residue from fructus Lycii by separating fructus Lycii;

(2) acid extraction: adding 0.9% acetic acid solution 35 times of the weight of the Chinese wolfberry residue into the Chinese wolfberry residue; soaking for 10 min; after soaking, hot water extraction at 80 ℃ is carried out, and the extraction time is 0.5 h; centrifuging, collecting supernatant, and collecting residue;

(3) alkali extraction: adding 21 times of 9% KOH solution by weight into the residue obtained in the step (2), performing ultrasonic extraction at normal temperature for 0.5h under the condition that the power is 550W/L, centrifuging, and collecting supernatant;

(5) and (3) precipitation: precipitating the concentrate with 55% ethanol; cleaning with 95% ethanol for 3 times;

(6) and (3) drying: and (3) dissolving the precipitate in water, then carrying out spray drying, wherein the air inlet temperature is 170 ℃, and crushing the dried substance to obtain the soluble medlar dietary fiber.

Example 31

(2) acid extraction: adding a 0.9% acetic acid solution 15 times of the weight of the Chinese wolfberry residues into the Chinese wolfberry residues; soaking for 10 min; after soaking, extracting with hot water at 70 ℃ for 0.5 h; centrifuging, collecting supernatant, and collecting residue;

(3) alkali extraction: adding 1% KOH solution with the weight of 25 times of that of the residue obtained in the step (2), carrying out ultrasonic extraction at normal temperature, wherein the extraction condition is 350W/L of power and 2.5h of extraction time, centrifuging, and collecting supernatant;

(5) and (3) precipitation: precipitating the concentrate with 65% ethanol; and cleaning with 85% ethanol for 3 times;

(6) and (3) drying: and (3) dissolving the precipitate in water, then carrying out spray drying, and crushing the dried substance at the air inlet temperature of 150 ℃ to obtain the soluble medlar dietary fiber.

Example 32

(2) acid extraction: adding a 0.8% acetic acid solution which is 28 times of the weight of the Chinese wolfberry residues into the Chinese wolfberry residues; soaking for 10 min; after soaking, extracting with hot water at 90 ℃ for 0.5 h; centrifuging, collecting supernatant, and collecting residue;

(3) alkali extraction: adding 1% KOH solution with the weight of 25 times of that of the residue obtained in the step (2), carrying out ultrasonic extraction at normal temperature, carrying out extraction for 1.5h at the power of 150W/L, centrifuging, and collecting supernatant;

(4) concentration: mixing the supernatants obtained in the steps (2) and (3), concentrating until the solid content is 40%;

Example 33

(1) Raw materials: producing medlar residue produced by medlar aqueous extract;

(2) acid extraction: adding 1.5% acetic acid solution 25 times of the weight of the Chinese wolfberry residue into the Chinese wolfberry residue; soaking for 10 min; after soaking, carrying out hot water extraction at 100 ℃ for 0.5 h; centrifuging, collecting supernatant, and collecting residue;

(3) alkali extraction: adding 0.8% KOH solution with the weight of 25 times of that of the residue obtained in the step (2), carrying out ultrasonic extraction at normal temperature, carrying out centrifugation, and collecting supernatant, wherein the extraction condition is that the power is 50W/L and the extraction time is 1.5 h;

Example 34

(1) Raw materials: producing medlar pigment, medlar flavone, medlar lutein, medlar betaine and residue generated by medlar zeaxanthin;

(2) acid extraction: adding 1.5% acetic acid solution 20 times of the weight of the Chinese wolfberry residue into the Chinese wolfberry residue; soaking for 10 min; after soaking, hot water extraction at 85 ℃ is carried out, and the extraction time is 0.5 h; centrifuging, collecting supernatant, and collecting residue;

(3) alkali extraction: adding 1.5 percent KOH solution with the weight of 25 times of that of the residue obtained in the step (2), carrying out ultrasonic extraction at normal temperature, carrying out centrifugation, and collecting supernatant, wherein the extraction condition is that the power is 50W/L and the extraction time is 0.5 h;

(4) concentration: mixing the supernatants obtained in the steps (2) and (3), concentrating until the solid content is 30%;

(5) and (3) precipitation: precipitating the concentrate with 75% ethanol; and cleaning with 80% ethanol for 3 times;

Example 35

(2) acid extraction: adding a 6.5% acetic acid solution which is 20 times of the weight of the Chinese wolfberry residues into the Chinese wolfberry residues; soaking for 10 min; after soaking, hot water extraction is carried out at 60 ℃, and the extraction time is 0.5 h; centrifuging, collecting supernatant, and collecting residue;

(3) alkali extraction: adding a 0.5% KOH solution with the weight 20 times that of the residue obtained in the step (2), carrying out ultrasonic extraction at normal temperature, carrying out extraction for 0.5h at the power of 500W/L, centrifuging, and collecting a supernatant;

(4) concentration: mixing the supernatants obtained in the steps (2) and (3), concentrating until the solid content is 65%;

(5) and (3) precipitation: precipitating the concentrate with 95% ethanol; and cleaning with 80% ethanol for 3 times;

Example 36

(2) acid extraction: adding 3.5% acetic acid solution 15 times of the weight of the Chinese wolfberry residue into the Chinese wolfberry residue; soaking for 10 min; after soaking, hot water extraction is carried out at 60 ℃, and the extraction time is 0.5 h; centrifuging, collecting supernatant, and collecting residue;

(3) alkali extraction: adding 15 times of 2.5% KOH solution by weight into the residue obtained in the step (2), carrying out ultrasonic extraction at normal temperature, carrying out centrifugation, and collecting supernatant, wherein the extraction condition is 1000W/L in power and 0.5h in extraction time;

(5) and (3) precipitation: precipitating the concentrate with 85% ethanol; cleaning with 65% ethanol for 3 times;

(6) and (3) drying: and (3) drying the precipitate by blowing air, and crushing the dried substance to obtain the soluble medlar dietary fiber.

Example 37

(1) Raw materials: a mixture of wolfberry residue from the production of an aqueous extract of wolfberry, wolfberry residue from the production of an alcohol extract of wolfberry, wolfberry residue from the production of wolfberry polysaccharide, wolfberry residue from the production of a fruit wine of wolfberry, and wolfberry residue from the production of a fermented wine of wolfberry;

(2) acid extraction: adding a 4.5% hydrochloric acid solution which is 35 times of the weight of the Chinese wolfberry residues into the Chinese wolfberry residues; soaking for 10 min; ultrasonic extraction is carried out at normal temperature after soaking, the power of the extraction is 200W/L, and the extraction time is 1 h; centrifuging, collecting supernatant, and collecting residue;

(3) alkali extraction: adding 15 times of 3.5% NaOH solution into the residue obtained in step (2), extracting with hot water at 95 deg.C for 0.5h, centrifuging, and collecting supernatant;

(4) concentration: mixing the supernatants obtained in the steps (2) and (3), concentrating until the solid content is 80%;

(5) and (3) precipitation: precipitating the concentrate with 55% ethanol; cleaning with 70% ethanol for 3 times;

(6) and (3) drying: and (3) drying the precipitate in vacuum, and crushing the dried substance to obtain the soluble medlar dietary fiber.

Example 38

(2) acid extraction: adding 2.5% hydrochloric acid solution 32 times of the weight of the Chinese wolfberry residue into the Chinese wolfberry residue; soaking for 10 min; ultrasonic extraction is carried out at normal temperature after soaking, the power of the extraction is 700W/L, and the extraction time is 1 h; centrifuging, collecting supernatant, and collecting residue;

(3) alkali extraction: adding 15 times of 2.5% NaOH solution into the residue obtained in the step (2), extracting with hot water at 95 ℃ for 0.5h, centrifuging, and collecting the supernatant;

(4) concentration: mixing the supernatants obtained in the steps (2) and (3), concentrating until the solid content is 70%;

(5) and (3) precipitation: precipitating the concentrate with 55% ethanol; cleaning with 55% ethanol for 3 times;

Example 39

(2) acid extraction: adding 1.5% hydrochloric acid solution 22 times of the weight of the Chinese wolfberry residue into the Chinese wolfberry residue; soaking for 10 min; ultrasonic extraction is carried out at normal temperature after soaking, the extraction condition is 800W/L, and the extraction time is 2 h; centrifuging, collecting supernatant, and collecting residue;

(3) alkali extraction: adding 24 times of 2% NaOH solution into the residue obtained in the step (2), extracting with hot water at 95 ℃ for 0.5h, centrifuging, and collecting the supernatant;

(5) and (3) precipitation: precipitating the concentrate with 55% ethanol; and cleaning with 85% ethanol for 3 times;

Example 40

(1) Raw materials: the fructus Lycii residue is mixture of fructus Lycii residue produced in production of fructus Lycii juice and fructus Lycii residue produced in production of fructus Lycii polysaccharide;

(2) acid extraction: adding 1.5% hydrochloric acid solution 18 times of the weight of the Chinese wolfberry residue into the Chinese wolfberry residue; soaking for 10 min; ultrasonic extraction is carried out at normal temperature after soaking, the power of the extraction is 600W/L, and the extraction time is 2 h; centrifuging, collecting supernatant, and collecting residue;

(3) alkali extraction: adding 15 times of 1% NaOH solution into the residue obtained in the step (2), extracting with hot water at 95 ℃ for 0.5h, centrifuging, and collecting the supernatant;

(4) concentration: mixing the supernatants obtained in the steps (2) and (3), concentrating until the solid content is 60%;

(6) and (3) drying: and (3) dissolving the precipitate in water, then carrying out spray drying, wherein the air inlet temperature is 165 ℃, and crushing the dried substance to obtain the soluble medlar dietary fiber.

EXAMPLE 41

(2) alkali extraction: adding 25 times of 0.8% NaOH solution by weight into the Chinese wolfberry residues; soaking for 10 min; ultrasonic extraction is carried out at normal temperature after soaking, the power of the extraction is 300W/L, and the extraction time is 2 h; centrifuging, collecting supernatant, and collecting residue;

(3) acid extraction: adding a 0.9% hydrochloric acid solution 25 times the weight of the medlar residues into the residues obtained in the step (2), extracting with hot water at 95 ℃, extracting for 0.5h, centrifuging, and collecting the supernatant;

(5) and (3) precipitation: precipitating the concentrate with 65% ethanol; and cleaning with 75% ethanol for 3 times;

Example 42

(1) Raw materials: producing medlar residues generated by medlar pigment;

(2) alkali extraction: adding 1.5 percent NaOH solution which is 22 times of the weight of the Chinese wolfberry residues into the Chinese wolfberry residues; soaking for 10 min; ultrasonic extraction is carried out at normal temperature after soaking, the extraction condition is that the power is 500W/L, and the extraction time is 2 h; centrifuging, collecting supernatant, and collecting residue;

(3) acid extraction: adding a 15-time solution of 0.9% hydrochloric acid by weight into the residue obtained in the step (2), extracting with hot water at 95 ℃, extracting for 0.5h, centrifuging, and collecting the supernatant;

(5) and (3) precipitation: precipitating the concentrate with 55% ethanol; and cleaning with 75% ethanol for 3 times;

(6) and (3) drying: and (3) dissolving the precipitate in water, then carrying out spray drying, wherein the air inlet temperature is 175 ℃, and crushing the dried substance to obtain the soluble medlar dietary fiber.

Example 43

(1) Raw materials: medlar residue produced in the production of medlar pigment and flavone;

(2) alkali extraction: adding 35 times of 0.3% NaOH solution by weight of the Chinese wolfberry residues into the Chinese wolfberry residues; soaking for 10 min; crushing the soaked feed liquid and then extracting; the grinding is carried out by adopting a colloid mill for superfine grinding; pulverizing to particle size of 50 μm; ultrasonic extraction is carried out at normal temperature after crushing, the extraction condition is that the power is 80W/L, and the extraction time is 1 h; centrifuging by adopting a three-foot solid-liquid separator, collecting supernatant and reserving residues for later use;

(3) acid extraction: adding a 20-time solution of 0.6% hydrochloric acid by weight into the residue obtained in the step (2), extracting with hot water at 95 ℃, extracting for 0.5h, centrifuging, and collecting the supernatant;

(4) concentration: mixing the supernatants obtained in the steps (2) and (3), concentrating until the solid content is 50%;

Example 44

(1) Raw materials: producing lycium barbarum xanthophyll and lycium barbarum residue produced by betaine;

(2) alkali extraction: adding a NaOH solution which is 30 times of the weight of the Chinese wolfberry residues and is 0.9 percent of the weight of the Chinese wolfberry residues into the Chinese wolfberry residues; soaking for 10 min; ultrasonic extraction is carried out at normal temperature after soaking, the power of the extraction is 50W/L, and the extraction time is 1.5 h; centrifuging, collecting supernatant, and collecting residue;

(3) acid extraction: adding a 20-time solution of 0.7% hydrochloric acid by weight into the residue obtained in the step (2), extracting with hot water at 95 ℃, extracting for 0.5h, centrifuging, and collecting the supernatant;

Example 45

(1) Raw materials: simultaneously producing medlar residues generated by medlar polysaccharide, pigment and flavone;

(2) alkali extraction: adding 0.5 percent NaOH solution which is 20 times of the weight of the Chinese wolfberry residues into the Chinese wolfberry residues; soaking for 10 min; ultrasonic extraction is carried out at normal temperature after soaking, the power of the extraction is 1000W/L, and the extraction time is 0.5 h; centrifuging, collecting supernatant, and collecting residue;

(3) acid extraction: adding 20 times of 0.8% hydrochloric acid solution into the residue obtained in step (2), extracting with 95 deg.C hot water for 0.5 hr, centrifuging, and collecting supernatant;

(6) and (3) drying: and (3) dissolving the precipitate in water, then carrying out spray drying, wherein the air inlet temperature is 215 ℃, and crushing the dried substance to obtain the soluble medlar dietary fiber.

Example 46

(1) Raw materials: simultaneously producing wolfberry polysaccharide and wolfberry residue generated by zeaxanthin;

(2) alkali extraction: adding 10 times of 1.5% NaOH solution by weight of the Chinese wolfberry residues into the Chinese wolfberry residues; soaking for 10 min; ultrasonic extraction is carried out at normal temperature after soaking, the extraction condition is 5W/L, and the extraction time is 2 h; centrifuging, collecting supernatant, and collecting residue;

(3) acid extraction: adding 20 times of 0.9% hydrochloric acid solution into the residue obtained in step (2), extracting with 95 deg.C hot water for 0.5 hr, centrifuging, and collecting supernatant;

Example 47

(1) Enzymolysis: uniformly mixing the medlar residues with water, wherein the mass ratio of the medlar residues to the water is 1: 5; pulverizing to obtain fructus Lycii pulp of 100 meshes, and adjusting pH to 3.0; adding cellulase; carrying out enzymolysis; the enzymolysis temperature is 45 ℃; the enzymolysis time is 3 h; the enzyme activity of the cellulase is 25-30 IU/ml;

(2) enzyme deactivation: inactivating enzyme of the enzymolysis solution at 88 deg.C for 1 min; performing solid-liquid separation by adopting a three-leg centrifuge, wherein the mesh number of filter cloth is 200 meshes, and collecting filtrate;

(3) concentrate (4) precipitate (5) and dry, the procedure is the same as in example 25.

Example 48

(1) Enzymolysis: uniformly mixing the medlar residues with water, wherein the mass ratio of the medlar residues to the water is 1: 5; pulverizing to obtain fructus Lycii pulp of 100 meshes, and adjusting pH to 7.0; adding hemicellulase for enzymolysis; the enzymolysis temperature is 60 ℃; the enzymolysis time is 0.5 h; the enzyme activity of the cellulase is 50 IU/ml;

(2) enzyme deactivation: inactivating enzyme of the enzymolysis solution at 50 deg.C for 2 min; performing solid-liquid separation, and collecting filtrate;

(3) concentrate (4) precipitate (5) and dry, the procedure is the same as in example 26.

Example 49

(1) Enzymolysis: uniformly mixing the medlar residues with water, wherein the mass ratio of the medlar residues to the water is 1: 15; crushing to obtain medlar pulp of 400 meshes, and adjusting the pH value to 6.5; adding a complex enzyme consisting of cellulase, hemicellulase, alpha-amylase and saccharifying enzyme; carrying out enzymolysis; the enzymolysis temperature is 50 ℃; the enzymolysis time is 2 h; the enzyme activity of the cellulase is 25 IU/ml;

(2) enzyme deactivation: inactivating enzyme of the enzymolysis solution at 80 deg.C for 5 min; performing solid-liquid separation, and collecting filtrate;

(3) the precipitate (5) was concentrated (4) and dried in the same manner as in example 27.

Example 50

(1) Enzymolysis: uniformly mixing the medlar residues with water, wherein the mass ratio of the medlar residues to the water is 1: 10; pulverizing to obtain fructus Lycii pulp of 200 meshes, and adjusting pH to 6.5; adding complex enzyme composed of cellulase, arabinanase and protease; carrying out enzymolysis; the enzymolysis temperature is 45 ℃; the enzymolysis time is 10 h; the enzyme activity of the cellulase is 15 IU/ml; the enzyme activity of the protease is 0.5 AU/g;

(2) enzyme deactivation: inactivating enzyme of the enzymolysis solution at 58 deg.C for 4 min; solid-liquid separation is carried out by adopting a centrifugal machine, and the mesh number of filter cloth is 300 meshes;

collecting the filtrate;

(3) concentrate (4) precipitate (5) and dry, the procedure is as in example 28.

Example 51

(1) Enzymolysis: uniformly mixing the medlar residues with water, wherein the mass ratio of the medlar residues to the water is 1: 15; pulverizing to obtain fructus Lycii pulp of 300 meshes, and adjusting pH to 3.5; adding a complex enzyme consisting of hemicellulase, alpha-amylase, glucoamylase, arabinase and protease; carrying out enzymolysis; the enzymolysis temperature is 20 ℃, and the enzymolysis time is 24 hours; the enzyme activity of the cellulase is 35 IU/ml; the protease has enzyme activity of 2.0AU/g

(2) Enzyme deactivation: inactivating enzyme of the enzymolysis solution at 50 deg.C for 6 min; performing solid-liquid separation by using a horizontal centrifuge, and collecting filtrate;

(3) concentrate (4) precipitate (5) and dry, the procedure is as in example 29.

Example 52

(1) Enzymolysis: uniformly mixing the medlar residues with water, wherein the mass ratio of the medlar residues to the water is 1: 12; crushing to obtain wolfberry fruit pulp of 500 mesh and regulating pH value to 5; adding cellulase for enzymolysis; the enzymolysis temperature is 45 ℃, and the enzymolysis time is 3 hours; the enzyme activity of the cellulase is 10 IU/ml;

(2) enzyme deactivation: inactivating enzyme of the enzymolysis solution at 95 deg.C for 1 min; performing solid-liquid separation, and collecting filtrate;

(3) concentrate (4) precipitate (5) and dry, the procedure is the same as in example 30.

Example 53

(1) Enzymolysis: uniformly mixing the medlar residues with water, wherein the mass ratio of the medlar residues to the water is 1: 12; pulverizing to obtain fructus Lycii pulp of 300 meshes, and adjusting pH to 5; adding a complex enzyme consisting of cellulase, hemicellulase and alpha-amylase; carrying out enzymolysis; the enzymolysis temperature is 45 ℃; the enzymolysis time is 3 h; the enzyme activity of the cellulase is 15-25 IU/ml;

(2) enzyme deactivation: inactivating enzyme of the enzymolysis solution at 88 deg.C for 2 min; performing solid-liquid separation, and collecting filtrate;

(3) concentrate (4) precipitate (5) and dry, the procedure is the same as in example 31.

Example 54

(1) Enzymolysis: uniformly mixing the medlar residues with water, wherein the mass ratio of the medlar residues to the water is 1: 20; crushing to obtain wolfberry fruit pulp of 400 mesh, regulating pH value to 6.5, and adding composite enzyme comprising cellulase, alpha-amylase and protease; carrying out enzymolysis; the enzymolysis temperature is 45 ℃; the enzymolysis time is 2 h;

(2) enzyme deactivation: inactivating enzyme at 95 deg.C for 2min, separating solid and liquid, and collecting filtrate;

(3) concentrate (4) precipitate (5) and dry, the procedure is the same as in example 32.

Example 55

(1) Enzymolysis: uniformly mixing the medlar residues with water, wherein the mass ratio of the medlar residues to the water is 1: 30; pulverizing to obtain fructus Lycii pulp of 300 meshes, and adjusting pH to 7.0; adding a complex enzyme consisting of hemicellulase, alpha-amylase and protease; carrying out enzymolysis; the enzymolysis temperature is 50 ℃; the enzymolysis time is 10 h;

(2) enzyme deactivation: inactivating the enzyme of the enzymatic hydrolysate at 50-95 ℃, preferably at 80-90 ℃, more preferably at 88 ℃ for 2 min; the centrifugal machine is a three-leg centrifugal machine or a horizontal centrifugal machine; performing solid-liquid separation, and collecting filtrate;

(3) concentrate (4) precipitate (5) and dry, the procedure is the same as in example 33.

Example 56

(1) Enzymolysis: uniformly mixing the medlar residues with water, wherein the mass ratio of the medlar residues to the water is 1: 12; pulverizing to obtain fructus Lycii pulp of 300 meshes, adjusting pH to 7.0, and adding complex enzyme composed of cellulase, alpha-amylase and protease; carrying out enzymolysis; the enzymolysis temperature is 45 ℃; the enzymolysis time is 3 h; the enzyme activity of the cellulase is 25 IU/ml; the enzyme activity of the protease is 3 AU/g;

(2) enzyme deactivation: inactivating enzyme of the enzymolysis solution at 88 deg.C for 1 min; performing solid-liquid separation, and collecting filtrate;

(3) concentrate (4) precipitate (5) and dry, the procedure is the same as in example 34.

Example 57

(1) Enzymolysis: uniformly mixing the medlar residues with water, wherein the mass ratio of the medlar residues to the water is 1:30, crushing to obtain medlar pulp of 600 meshes, and adjusting the pH value to 6.5; adding cellulase, hemicellulase, alpha-amylase, saccharifying enzyme and composite enzyme; carrying out enzymolysis; the enzymolysis temperature is 45 ℃; the enzymolysis time is 3 h; the enzyme activity of the cellulase is 20 IU/ml;

(2) enzyme deactivation: inactivating enzyme of the enzymolysis solution at 95 deg.C for 2 min; adopting a horizontal centrifuge; performing solid-liquid separation, and collecting filtrate;

(3) concentrate (4) precipitate (5) and dry, the procedure is as in example 35.

Example 58

(1) Enzymolysis: uniformly mixing the medlar residues with water, wherein the mass ratio of the medlar residues to the water is 1:20, crushing to obtain medlar pulp of 350 meshes, and adjusting the pH value to 5.5; adding a complex enzyme consisting of cellulase and alpha-amylase; carrying out enzymolysis; the enzymolysis temperature is 35 ℃; the enzymolysis time is 3 h; the enzyme activity of the cellulase is 20 IU/ml;

(2) enzyme deactivation: inactivating enzyme of the enzymolysis solution at 85 deg.C for 2 min; adopting a horizontal centrifuge; performing solid-liquid separation, and collecting filtrate;

(3) concentrate (4) precipitate (5) and dry, the procedure is as in example 35.

Example 59

(3) concentrate (4) precipitate (5) and dry, the procedure is as in example 35.

Note: the enzymatic hydrolysis experiments of examples 47-59 used the same residue as the examples corresponding to the respective step of example (3-5).

The measurement results of the physical and chemical properties of the samples obtained in examples 1 to 59, including the water holding capacity (g/g), oil holding capacity (g/g), swelling capacity (mL/g), cholesterol adsorption capacity (mg/g), cholate adsorption capacity (mg/g), and nitrite adsorption capacity (mg/g), are shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1

The following points can be found in table 1:

(1) the medlar soluble dietary fiber obtained by acid extraction has the water holding capacity of 3.01-5.22g/g, the oil holding capacity of 1.80-2.50g/g, the swelling capacity of 5.07-7.29mL/g, the cholesterol adsorption capacity of 3.5-10.2mg/g, the cholate adsorption capacity of 32.1-83.1mg/g and the nitrous acid adsorption capacity of 15.0-49.9 mg/g;

(2) the medlar soluble dietary fiber obtained by alkali extraction has the water holding capacity of 3.20-5.51g/g, the oil holding capacity of 1.94-2.72g/g, the swelling capacity of 5.19-7.56mL/g, the cholesterol adsorption capacity of 3.2-12.5mg/g, the cholate adsorption capacity of 34.3-73.3mg/g and the nitrous acid adsorption capacity of 17.0-32.3 mg/g;

(3) the medlar soluble dietary fiber obtained by acid extraction and alkali extraction is adopted, the water holding capacity is 3.38-5.69g/g, the oil holding capacity is 1.71-2.69g/g, the swelling capacity is 5.82-7.01mL/g, the cholesterol adsorption capacity is 3.9-11.3mg/g, the cholate adsorption capacity is 32.8-85.7mg/g, and the nitrous acid adsorption capacity is 19.3-63.8 mg/g;

(4) the medlar soluble dietary fiber obtained by alkali extraction and acid extraction is adopted, the water holding capacity is 3.45-5.78g/g, the oil holding capacity is 1.59-2.93g/g, the swelling capacity is 5.34-7.19mL/g, the cholesterol adsorption capacity is 3.1-10.8mg/g, the cholate adsorption capacity is 37.2-81.6mg/g, and the nitrous acid adsorption capacity is 12.7-53.5 mg/g;

(5) the medlar soluble dietary fiber prepared by enzymolysis has the water holding capacity of 3.68-5.72g/g, the oil holding capacity of 1.70-2.81g/g, the swelling capacity of 5.53-7.68mL/g, the cholesterol adsorption capacity of 3.6-11.1mg/g, the cholate adsorption capacity of 35.4-82.9mg/g and the nitrous acid adsorption capacity of 18.3-58.2 mg/g.

As can be seen from the analysis of the physicochemical properties of the soluble dietary fibers of Lycium chinense prepared in examples 1-59, the soluble dietary fibers of Lycium chinense prepared from the Lycium chinense residues have excellent physicochemical properties, are suitable for developing health foods or being used as food additives, and have important application values.

The above description is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The medlar soluble dietary fiber is characterized in that the soluble dietary fiber is the soluble dietary fiber separated from medlar residues;

the medlar residue is one or a mixture of at least two of residues generated by producing medlar juice, medlar aqueous extract, medlar fruit wine, medlar fermented wine, medlar seeds separation or medlar functional components;

the medlar soluble dietary fiber is prepared by the following method, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:

(1) raw materials: medlar residue;

(2) acid extraction: adding acid liquor with the weight 5-30 times that of the Chinese wolfberry residues; soaking; extracting after soaking for 0.5-4 h; performing solid-liquid separation, collecting supernatant and residues for later use;

(3) alkali extraction: adding 2-25 times of alkali liquor by weight into the residue obtained in the step (2); extracting for 0.5-4 h; performing solid-liquid separation, and collecting supernatant;

(4) concentration: mixing the supernatants obtained in the steps (2) and (3), concentrating until the solid content is 10-65%;

(5) and (3) precipitation: precipitating the concentrate by using 50-100% ethanol;

or,

(1) raw materials: medlar residue;

(2) alkali extraction: adding 5-30 times of alkali liquor by weight into the Chinese wolfberry residues; soaking; extracting after soaking for 0.5-4 h; performing solid-liquid separation, collecting supernatant and residues for later use;

(3) acid extraction: adding 2-25 times of acid liquor into the residue obtained in the step (2); extracting for 0.5-4 h; performing solid-liquid separation, and collecting supernatant;

wherein the alkali liquor is KOH; the concentration of the alkali liquor is 0.5-3%; the acid solution is any one or a mixture of at least two of hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, citric acid, malic acid, oxalic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid or lactic acid; the concentration of the acid liquor is 0.1-10%;

or,

(1) enzymolysis: mixing fructus Lycii residue with water, and pulverizing to obtain fructus Lycii pulp; adjusting the pH value to 3.0-7.0; adding enzyme for enzymolysis;

the mass ratio of the Chinese wolfberry residues to the water is 1: 5-1: 30; the granularity after crushing is 100-600 meshes;

the enzyme for enzymolysis is a complex enzyme consisting of one or more than two of cellulase, hemicellulase, alpha-amylase, glucoamylase, arabinase and protease; the enzymolysis temperature is 20-60 ℃; the enzymolysis time is 0.5-24 h;

the enzyme deactivation temperature is 50-95 ℃; inactivating enzyme for 2 min;

the solid-liquid separation adopts a three-leg centrifugal machine or a horizontal centrifugal machine; in the step of centrifuging by using the three-leg centrifuge, the mesh number of the filter cloth is 200-500 meshes;

(3) concentration: concentrating the filtrate until the solid content is 10-65%;

(4) and (3) precipitation: precipitating the concentrate by using 50-100% ethanol;

(5) and (3) drying: cleaning the precipitate with 75-100% ethanol; drying the washed precipitate, and pulverizing or grinding the dried substance to obtain the soluble dietary fiber of fructus Lycii.

2. The soluble dietary fiber of claim 1, wherein the functional component of Lycium barbarum is one or a mixture of at least two of Lycium barbarum pigment, Lycium barbarum flavone, Lycium barbarum lutein, Lycium barbarum betaine, and Lycium barbarum zeaxanthin.

3. The soluble dietary fiber of lycium barbarum according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the soluble dietary fiber comprises one or a mixture of at least two of pectin, glucan, soluble cellulose or soluble hemicellulose.