CN104222064A - Termite damage prevention method - Google Patents
Termite damage prevention method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104222064A CN104222064A CN201310247145.7A CN201310247145A CN104222064A CN 104222064 A CN104222064 A CN 104222064A CN 201310247145 A CN201310247145 A CN 201310247145A CN 104222064 A CN104222064 A CN 104222064A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a termite damage prevention method, in particular to a termite damage prevention method for river channel embankments and reservoir dams. The method is characterized by including evenly mixing salt in seepage-proofing clay inside the dams to serve a prevention agent. The method has the advantages of simplicity, easiness in implementation, good prevention effect and the like, and secondary pollution cannot be caused to the environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of prevention and controls of termite damage, especially a kind of prevention and controls for River Embankment, reservoir dam termite damage.
Background technology
Termite is destructive great worldwide insect., in the dykes and dams that southern area is over half, there is termite damage in China's dykes and dams One's name is legion.Thorough control termites, to the harm of dykes and dams, is a unsolved difficult problem so far.As the saying goes " a solid dyke can collapse because of an ant hole in it ", in recent years due to termite damage cause down dam inrush disaster time have report.Termite is not controlled, and dykes and dams are difficult to ensure, the benefit playing river construction is not just known where to begin.
The control of termite damage dykes and dams in the past mainly adopts pesticide-clay mixture to be in the milk, throws in termite bait, trapping bag, dig cave and get nest, gram ant magnitude method, poisons the termite in dykes and dams with medicine with poison.Said method is all the passive prevention and controls taked after finding that there is termite damage dykes and dams, there is the problem that the hysteresis quality, the no thoroughness of solution, the term of validity that find are short, costly and generally have side effect, the more important thing is that these methods can not the thorough hidden dangers in project that causes because termite is nested in dykes and dams the harm of dykes and dams and elimination of control termites.At present, the Prevention Technique of domestic and international existing termite damage dykes and dams is mainly:
1, pesticide-clay mixture grouting Prevention Technique
Grouting ant of going out is one of technology of process dam termite.This technology is in mud, add the medicaments such as appropriate Niran emulsion, then is poured in dykes and dams by mud.This method has prevention and effect controlled of going out.Its principle kills the termite in ant road, ant nest, fungus garden on the one hand, simultaneously filling space, to eliminate in dykes and dams the hidden danger such as ant nest; On the other hand, poison dam body soil, in dykes and dams, form medicine soil barrier, prevent termite from multiplying and build a nest, and form divider wall between upstream batter and downstream slope, stop termite to build ant road to upstream batter, avoid pipe to leak phenomenon and occur.But because Niran emulsion etc. is comparatively large to environmental hazard, country clearly prohibits the use.And the implementation method of pesticide-clay mixture grouting is not easy yet, as the hidden danger that Construction control does not with great difficulty bring dam body cracking etc. new.
2, nest Prevention Technique is dug
Digging nest method is all removed by termite nest by hand excavation.Method searches for food to find a little dykes and dams surface termite to search for food, and chases after and dig to main nest, grasp ant king, queen, excavate fungus garden, be then with medicine to backfill along ant road.But according to practice for many years, this method not only excavation project amount is large, and also can leave engineering sequelae when backfill soil process obtains bad, expense and the effect of digging nest are also undesirable, the time-consuming length of some dykes and dams excavation and fillings, can only solve the termite damage of local dike section, hidden danger can not thoroughly be eradicated.
3, termite bait Prevention Technique is thrown in
This is that various places adopt more a kind of Prevention Technique in recent years, as thrown in " mirex " etc.This is the new method developed from trapping hole (heap), namely with termite eating thing for main component, as sugar, asccharin water, pine powder, wolf dustpan grass, rape straw, bagasse, corn straw etc., be equipped with appropriate chemical agent, attract termites is poisoned to death after taking food, and reaches " luring-feeding-elimination " Trinity.But this technology neither be put things right once and for all, the termite in dykes and dams may not have whole poisoning death ray completely, and the hidden danger such as ant nest, ant road in dykes and dams still exists, and in addition, has again new termite invasion dykes and dams in the time even shorter in a few years.
4, gram ant star Prevention Technique
The principle of this prevention and controls is: will be contained in termite monitoring-control device inner core with attractant, feeding stimulant and marking pheromone and the water pine bar that mixed solution is handled well by a certain percentage, then installs by certain technical regulation on reservoir dam.Search the termite worker ant discovery of food when going out after, a large amount of worker ants can enter in this monitoring-control device and take food.Now, an a small amount of gram ant star poison bait is placed in monitoring-control device, allows worker ant take back feeding ant king in nest, queen, soldier ant and other young ant, thus cause whole nest termite mortality.But the hidden dangers in project such as already present ant nest, ant road can not be eliminated in dykes and dams.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art and the serious actual conditions of China's termite damage dykes and dams, the invention provides the method for a kind of control termites harm, have that control efficiency is good, the term of validity is long, economical and practical, simple, environmental protection, do not stay hidden dangers in project, do not need the features such as subsequent artefacts manages.
A prevention and controls for termite damage, is characterized in that evenly mixing the method for salt as control agent in the impervious clay of dykes and dams inside.
Described impervious clay is within the position of dykes and dams inside is impervious clay surface, side 1.0m, more than saturation.
Described salt accounts for 0.8% of impervious clay and salt gross weight.
Described prevention and controls is made up of following steps:
Newly-built River Embankment, reservoir dam, directly mix salt during construction and prevent in the impervious clay needing place mat solonchak position, stops termite to intrude into and nest in dykes and dams and destroy impervious body, by 1m
3impervious clay and every thickness 0.25m of compacting calculate, and mix salt 4.0kg in every layer of clay, and salt and impervious clay are mixed evenly, then tamp;
To the dykes and dams having termite damage, first adopt the methods such as cover well to take out former dam body seepage clay, then in the impervious clay of backfill, mix salt and administer, do not allow termite survive in dykes and dams, by 1m
3impervious clay and every thickness 0.25m of compacting calculate, and mix salt 4.0kg in every layer of clay, and salt and impervious clay are mixed evenly, then tamp;
To the prevention without termite damage dykes and dams, first remove the grass roots surface dust of dam facing, dykes and dams face is excavated spacing 1.5 × 1.5m, the cave of 0.5 × 0.5 × 0.5m, with the former dam body of salt water irrigation of salt content 1% in cave, make salt solution infiltrate dyke seepage control clay, and then tamp after the blinding material of domatic upper berth.
Invention process
Termite is nested in soil, can not depart from soil existence.In the River Embankment of China, reservoir dam, more than 90% is sub-bottom changes, mostly adopts densification, homogeneous and water content about 14 ~ 30%, dry density be 1.4g/cm
3above tonerde is impervious material, and suitable especially nesting of termite is perched.Therefore, this invention is in impervious clay, mix salt control termites harm dykes and dams in right amount.The osmotic coefficient of all kinds of soil is in table 1.
The osmotic coefficient table of all kinds of soil of table 1
People laid particular emphasis on process of building, the build technology of research dykes and dams mostly in the past, and the social concern etc. reflected in dykes and dams build process, do not pay close attention to the protection relation between solonchak and termite, more not in conjunction with the saliferous value of the structural shape of dam construction, position that termite is nested in dykes and dams and control termites, carry out the research of a dark step and propose to adopt salt to carry out the new technology of Initiative defence termite damage dykes and dams.
The termite damage of inventor to the Qiantang Estuary dike pool is generally investigated, in generaI investigation process, some dike pools there is a large amount of termites exist, and other dike pools there is no termite activity, the existence of this situation also belongs to normal, but it is identical in other condition, different mudflat sludges of just after liberation having taken carries out that the dike pool that is newly-built, that reinforce does not have termite at all, this phenomenon causes the thinking of inventor, under the prerequisite that repeated multiple times inspection is errorless at the scene, be sure of that this phenomenon is not accidental, but separately have reason.For investigating thoroughly reason, to the hydrological characteristics of Qiantang Estuary, in the ponding age, low bank between fields or in shallow water is originated, and the factors such as termite living nature are analyzed, and in conjunction with the test of pool body low bank between fields or in shallow water salinity, finally show that the dike pool containing certain value salt in low bank between fields or in shallow water is not by termite damage.And in conjunction with the structure type of dykes and dams and the nest position of termite in dam body, propose the new method utilizing salt control termites to endanger dykes and dams.
The biological habit of termite shows, the foodstuff of termite eating sugar, but to the not eating such as hardship, saline taste.According to before yellow family's low bank between fields field, Qiantang Estuary Haiyan County without the test of termite damage embankment low bank between fields or in shallow water sodium chloride content near a river, its value be 0.19% and more than, under Zhuji City mountain, Zhejiang Province, there is the test of termite damage dyke low bank between fields or in shallow water sodium chloride content in Feng Qiao river, lake, and its value is 0.025% and following.Therefore, the actual conditions analysis of surviving with termite theoretically, termite can not survive in the soil that salt content is relatively high, thus has established scientific basis in theory for utilizing salt control termites to invade dykes and dams.
Based on the discovery not being subject to termite damage in low bank between fields or in shallow water containing salt dykes and dams, the test that appropriate salt carries out mechanics index of physics and termite ride-through capability is mixed in impervious clay, be combined with, without the test of termite damage dike pool low bank between fields or in shallow water sodium chloride content, determine not only to meet " rolling earth-rock dam design specification " and require but also can the salinity of mixing of permanently effective prevention termite invasion dykes and dams be 0.8%.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the ant nest of termite in dykes and dams inside, ant road profile.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, termite damage sub-bottom changes, mainly because it builds up huge ant nest and crisscross ant road in dykes and dams, the diameter of king's nest can reach more than 1m, ant road to all the winds extends from king's nest, interpenetrate, until the inside and outside slope of dykes and dams, until the inside and outside slope of dykes and dams, so that the regional area in dykes and dams is emptied, destroy impervious body, when water level goes up, current just enter ant road in face near water from dykes and dams, flow through king's nest, flow out from back side through ant road again, form the passage that runs through dykes and dams, under infiltration effect, ant road is caused constantly to expand, finally cause piping, landslide and dam bursting.
Termite is nested in dykes and dams.Because the salt content in the soil body of top layer is easily run off by wind and weather infiltration, therefore, be that the salt reduced in earth material runs off, mixing the solonchak place mat position after salt in impervious clay is internal layer at dykes and dams.Embodiment is:
Newly-built River Embankment, reservoir dam, directly mix salt during construction and prevent in the impervious clay needing place mat solonchak position, do not allow termite intrude into and nest in dykes and dams and destroy impervious body, by 1m
3impervious clay and every thickness 0.25m of compacting calculate, and mix salt 4.0kg in every layer of clay, and salt and impervious clay are mixed evenly, then tamp;
To the dykes and dams having termite damage, first adopt the methods such as cover well to take out dam body seepage clay, then in the impervious clay of backfill, mix salt and administer, do not allow termite survive in dykes and dams, by 1m
3impervious clay and every thickness 0.25m of compacting calculate, and mix salt 4.0kg in every layer of clay, and salt and impervious clay are mixed evenly, then tamp;
Without the prevention on termite damage dykes and dams or when reinforcing, first remove the grass roots surface dust of dam facing, dykes and dams face is excavated spacing 1.5 × 1.5m, the cave of 0.5 × 0.5 × 0.5m, with the former dam body of salt water irrigation of salt content 1% in cave, make salt solution infiltrate dyke seepage control clay, and then tamp after the blinding material of domatic upper berth.
Performance characteristics
Control efficiency is good: this new technology is applied in many reservoir dams in Zhejiang Province's Linhai City, Long You county, Yuhuan county.The earliest be 2002, the dam of serious termite damage (dam length is respectively 125,121,281m) is had to mix salt control in 3, Linhai City height pool reservoir etc., through the field observation of 11 years, dam does not find termite damage so far, ensure that dam safety, ensured village, downstream safety, supply water to neighbouring village, solve dysdipsia, play irrigation benifit, control efficiency is remarkable.
The term of validity is long: because the clay after compacting is permeable hardly, and in the impervious clay of dykes and dams, mix a small amount of salt control termites harm dykes and dams is permanently effective.
Economical and practical: to utilize salt to effect a radical cure the new technology of termite damage dykes and dams, do not need extra equipment, instrument and ant repellant etc., only in clay, mix a small amount of salt, salt is relatively more cheap, and can purchase everywhere.
Simple: during enforcement, only in impervious clay, to mix appropriate salt, mix evenly and tamp.
Do not affect drinking water safety: at present, a lot of reservoir of China and river course have divided drinking water source protection zone into, then are inappropriate by toxic medicament control termites on dykes and dams.Adopt salt control not exist and jeopardize water resources problem, one is salt edible, and two is that salt in impervious clay not easily exosmoses.
Free from environmental pollution: salt is edible, there is not contaminated environment and jeopardize the problem of people's life safety.
Do not stay hidden dangers in project: termite nest position impervious clay in mix salt after, can effectively stop termite to intrude into and nest in dykes and dams and destroy impervious body, avoid occurring affecting ant nest and the ant road of embankment safety hidden danger.
Do not need subsequent artefacts to manage: owing to mixing the position of salt in impervious clay at dykes and dams internal layer, not easily to be damaged by natural environment and mankind's activity, therefore, do not need after enforcement manually to manage again.
The present invention also can be used for the termite damage control of house foundation and traffic route subgrade engineering.
Claims (4)
1. a prevention and controls for termite damage, is characterized in that evenly mixing the method for salt as control agent in the impervious clay of dykes and dams inside.
2. the prevention and controls of termite damage according to claim 1, is characterized in that described impervious clay is within the position of dykes and dams inside is impervious clay surface, side 1.0m, more than saturation.
3. the prevention and controls of termite damage according to claim 1, is characterized in that described salt accounts for 0.8% of impervious clay and salt gross weight.
4. the prevention and controls of termite damage according to claim 1, is characterized in that described prevention and controls is made up of following steps:
Newly-built River Embankment, reservoir dam, directly mix salt during construction and prevent in the impervious clay needing place mat solonchak position, stops termite to intrude into and nest in dykes and dams and destroy impervious body, by 1m
3impervious clay and every thickness 0.25m of compacting calculate, and mix salt 4.0kg in every layer of clay, and salt and impervious clay are mixed evenly, then tamp;
To the dykes and dams having termite damage, first adopt the methods such as cover well to take out former dam body seepage clay, then in the impervious clay of backfill, mix salt and administer, do not allow termite survive in dykes and dams, by 1m
3impervious clay and every thickness 0.25m of compacting calculate, and mix salt 4.0kg in every layer of clay, and salt and impervious clay are mixed evenly, then tamp;
To the prevention without termite damage dykes and dams, first remove the grass roots surface dust of dam facing, dykes and dams face is excavated spacing 1.5 × 1.5m, the cave of 0.5 × 0.5 × 0.5m, with the former dam body of salt water irrigation of salt content 1% in cave, make salt solution infiltrate dyke seepage control clay, and then tamp after the blinding material of domatic upper berth.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310247145.7A CN104222064A (en) | 2013-06-19 | 2013-06-19 | Termite damage prevention method |
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| CN201310247145.7A CN104222064A (en) | 2013-06-19 | 2013-06-19 | Termite damage prevention method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106284200A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-01-04 | 岑溪市拓丰科技发展有限公司 | Termite-proof concrete dykes and dams |
| CN110278936A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-09-27 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | A kind of filling of dam termite and osmotic composition formula are in the milk administering method |
| CN112825836A (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2021-05-25 | 金华市恒安生物技术有限公司 | Red fire ant escape-prevention rapid processing technology |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106284200A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-01-04 | 岑溪市拓丰科技发展有限公司 | Termite-proof concrete dykes and dams |
| CN106284200B (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2018-05-15 | 岑溪市拓丰科技发展有限公司 | Termite-proof concrete dykes and dams |
| CN110278936A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-09-27 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | A kind of filling of dam termite and osmotic composition formula are in the milk administering method |
| CN110278936B (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2021-04-27 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Dam termite filling and permeating combined grouting treatment method |
| CN112825836A (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2021-05-25 | 金华市恒安生物技术有限公司 | Red fire ant escape-prevention rapid processing technology |
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Application publication date: 20141224 |