CN104210329A - 汽车加热器 - Google Patents

汽车加热器 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104210329A
CN104210329A CN201410232144.XA CN201410232144A CN104210329A CN 104210329 A CN104210329 A CN 104210329A CN 201410232144 A CN201410232144 A CN 201410232144A CN 104210329 A CN104210329 A CN 104210329A
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pipe
contact plate
auto
cavity
heater
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CN104210329B (zh
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V·瑞特扎普特
A·多思
M·卢泊德
S·塔德莱
J·巴金斯基
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BorgWarner Ludwigsburg GmbH
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Beru AG
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60HARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/22Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
    • B60H1/2215Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant the heat being derived from electric heaters
    • B60H1/2225Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant the heat being derived from electric heaters arrangements of electric heaters for heating air
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24HFLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00Air heaters
    • F24H3/02Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F24H3/0429For vehicles
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24HFLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00Air heaters
    • F24H3/02Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F24H3/0429For vehicles
    • F24H3/0452Frame constructions
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24HFLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00Air heaters
    • F24H3/02Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/06Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators
    • F24H3/10Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators by plates
    • F24H3/102Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators by plates using electric energy supply
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24HFLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00Details
    • F24H9/18Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F24H9/1854Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for air heaters
    • F24H9/1863Arrangement or mounting of electric heating means
    • F24H9/1872PTC
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/42Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/022Heaters specially adapted for heating gaseous material
    • H05B2203/023Heaters of the type used for electrically heating the air blown in a vehicle compartment by the vehicle heating system

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种汽车加热器,包括至少一个具有多个腔体(2)的管(1),设置于腔体(2)中的陶瓷加热元件,以及接触板(4.1、4.2),接触板(4.1、4.2)的前面靠在腔体(2)内的加热元件上,后面面向腔体(2)的上面或底面,其中管(1)的至少两个腔体(2)由中间壁隔开,该中间壁从两腔体(2)的上面延伸到底面。根据本发明,接触板(4.1、4.2)具有至少一个狭缝,中间壁设置于该狭缝中。

Description

汽车加热器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种加热器,特别是一种汽车加热器。
背景技术
本发明基于具有权利要求1的前序部分中所述特征的汽车加热器,如DE102011112196A1中所述。
汽车加热器的加热元件设置于管的腔体内,其优势在于很好地保护加热元件,使其免受外界环境的影响。
汽车制造商对加热功率的要求越来越高,而为汽车加热器提供的安装空间却越来越小。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于详细说明一种利用一种符合成本效益的汽车加热器满足这些要求的方法。
该目的通过具有权利要求1中所述特征的汽车加热器实现。本发明的有益改进体现在从属权利要求中。
更高的加热功率相应地也就需要为陶瓷加热元件提供更大的空间,其中所述陶瓷加热元件设置于管的腔体内。此处的问题在于腔体不能任意扩大,这是因为在更大的腔体内,加热元件与包围加热元件的管的热耦合更差。为了达到良好的热耦合,就必须压缩汽车加热器的管,以便在腔体的上面及底面与设置于其之间的加热元件之间提供良好的热接触。腔体越宽,即使压缩也无法再获得充分热接触的风险也就越大。
对于已知的汽车加热器,增加腔体数量的不足在于,需要相应地提供更多的构件以及更大的接触难度。该不足可通过根据本发明的汽车加热器克服,因为加热元件是通过具有狭缝的接触板接触的,狭缝中设置有一中间壁,中间壁分隔管的两腔体。因此,利用根据本发明的汽车加热器,接触板能够在多个腔体中接触加热元件。从而有利地减少了所需构件的数量。从而具有汽车加热器控制电路的印刷电路板所需的到接触板的接触点更少,这是因为相应地较少的接触板就足够了。接触板在其一端部可具有插入印刷电路板的延伸部。
管的两个腔体间的中间壁可为中空的,例如,DE102011112196A1的图4中所示的汽车加热器的管就是这样的。然而,优选地,中间壁不是中空的,而是实心的。
正如上文已经提到的,可通过压缩管显著提高管与设置于管中的加热元件之间的热接触。在压缩过程中,力的方向垂直于一个或多个接触板的平面。因此,将腔体隔开的中间壁从腔体的上面延伸到底面是有利的。此处,腔体的上面和底面应理解为分别面向设置于腔体内的接触板的前面和后面的两个面。接触板的前面是其接触加热元件的面。若为矩形腔体,则上面和底面平行于接触板的前面和后面延伸。
在本发明的有益改进中,并排设置多个管,每个管具有至少两个腔体。由于使用多个管,每个管具有多个腔体,因此在给定的体积中就能够获得更大的加热功率。管相互之间以一定的间距排列。这样加热元件产生的热就能够非常有效地传递至在管间流动的空气中。管可通过传热构件互连,如翅片。传热构件并非绝对必需的。优选地,相邻的管通过其前面和底面相互面向。从而有利地将管的流动阻力最小化。
根据本发明的有益改进,管为扁平管。扁平管具有较宽的上面和底面,上面和底面通过较窄的侧面互连。中间壁或每个中间壁从管的上面延伸到底面。扁平管可恰好具有两个腔体,加热元件设置于腔体内。如果使用具有多于两个腔体的扁平管,优选地,腔体并列地排成一排。
如果管用于将加热元件接地,则一腔体中一个接触板就足够了。特别是在电压较高的情况下,在两接触板之间设置加热元件,每个接触板都与管绝缘是有利的。
附图说明
下面将参照附图基于示例性的实施例对本发明的更多细节和优势进行解释说明,其中:
图1所示为汽车加热器的加热管中接触板的设置;以及
图2所示为多个管连接在一起形成汽车加热器。
具体实施方式
图1示意性地说明了不同的组件如何连接在一起,形成汽车加热器的加热棒6。加热棒6具有设置为扁平管1的外壳,扁平管1具有两个并排设置的腔体2。管1可采用例如铝或铝基合金制成。两腔体2由一中间壁隔开,该中间壁从扁平管1较宽的底面延伸到较宽的上面。扁平管1的上面及底面通过较窄的侧面相连接。
两接触板4.1、4.2设置在扁平管1内,多个陶瓷加热元件11位于接触板之间。加热元件平放在接触板上,且加热元件可以是PTC加热元件,例如基于钛酸钡。每个接触板4.1、4.2的前面接触加热元件,后面面向腔体2的上面或底面。每个接触板4.1、4.2通过绝缘层3与扁平管1电绝缘。绝缘层3为由电绝缘塑料或电绝缘陶瓷制成的条板,例如氧化铝。优选地,接触板4.1、4.2的边缘和较窄的侧面也被绝缘层3覆盖,例如通过绕接触板与加热元件所形成的复合结构缠绕绝缘条板。
接触板4.1、4.2在其纵向上具有狭缝。接触板4.1、4.2插入扁平管1内,使扁平管1的中间壁置于狭缝中。接触板4.1、4.2的两半部在一端处通过腹板5连接,腹板5具有一延伸部,优选为销状延伸部,用于电接触。
在示例性的实施例中,扁平管1恰好具有两个腔体2,其中设置有加热元件。为了提高加热功率,可采用并排设置三个或更多腔体的扁平管,在该扁平管中,加热元件与在纵向方向上具有两个或更多狭缝的接触板接触。
图2示意性地说明了多个加热棒6如何连接在一起,形成汽车加热器10。相邻的加热棒6之间具有间隔,加热空气可通过该间隔流动。相邻的加热棒6转向扁平管的上面和底面。因此加热空气在较窄的侧面流向扁平管上。
加热棒6后端能够插入底座9。一印刷电路板外壳的基座8安装在加热棒的前端,加热棒前端处,接触板从扁平管突出。印刷电路板7位于印刷电路板外壳的基座8上,且具有多个接触开口。接触板4.1、4.2的延伸部与这些接触开口接合,并从而产生到印刷电路板7的电接触。印刷电路板7具有控制电路,其未在图2中示出,并且,例如可包含一晶体管开关,通过该开关加热棒6可单独启动。
可利用一盖板(未示出)封闭印刷电路板外壳。加热棒6可设置有传热元件,例如在其上滑动的金属薄片。
参考数字列表
1    扁平管
2    腔体
3    绝缘层
4.1  接触板
4.2  接触板
5    腹板
6    加热板
7    印刷电路板
8    印刷电路板外壳的基座
9    底座
10   汽车加热器
11   加热元件

Claims (10)

1.一种汽车加热器,包括
至少一个具有多个腔体(2)的管(1),
设置于腔体(2)中的陶瓷加热元件(11),以及
接触板(4.1、4.2),接触板的前面接触腔体(2)内的加热元件,后面面向腔体(2)的上面或底面,
其中管(1)的至少两个腔体(2)由中间壁隔开,中间壁从腔体(2)的上面延伸到底面,其特征在于,
接触板(4.1、4.2)具有至少一个狭缝,中间壁设置于该狭缝中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的汽车加热器,其特征在于,接触板(4.1、4.2)在一端具有一延伸部,该延伸部插入一印刷电路板(7)中。
3.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的汽车加热器,其特征在于,两接触板(4.1、4.2)分别设置于每个腔体(2)中,且加热元件设置于接触板之间。
4.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的汽车加热器,其特征在于,多个管(1)并排设置,其中每个管(1)具有至少两个腔体(2)。
5.根据权利要求4所述的汽车加热器,其特征在于,管(1)的一端插入一底座(9)中。
6.根据权利要求4或5所述的汽车加热器,其特征在于,相邻管(1)的底面和上面相互面向。
7.根据权利要求4-6中任一项所述的汽车加热器,其特征在于,管(1)的一端插入到一电路外壳的基座(8)中,电路外壳的基座(8)中设置有控制电路。
8.根据权利要求3和7所述的汽车加热器,其特征在于,控制电路设置在印刷电路板(7)上。
9.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的汽车加热器,其特征在于,管(1)为扁平管。
10.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的汽车加热器,其特征在于,中间壁为实心的。
CN201410232144.XA 2013-06-03 2014-05-28 汽车加热器 Active CN104210329B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102013105686.5A DE102013105686B4 (de) 2013-06-03 2013-06-03 Fahrzeugheizung
DE102013105686.5 2013-06-03

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CN104210329B CN104210329B (zh) 2018-03-20

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DE102013105686B4 (de) * 2013-06-03 2015-10-08 Borgwarner Ludwigsburg Gmbh Fahrzeugheizung
KR101913121B1 (ko) * 2016-01-28 2018-10-31 자화전자(주) 독립제어 피티씨히터 및 장치
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