CN104203498A - 磨料刷毛、其制造方法、具有磨料刷毛的刷子以及使用该刷子来处理工件表面的方法 - Google Patents

磨料刷毛、其制造方法、具有磨料刷毛的刷子以及使用该刷子来处理工件表面的方法 Download PDF

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CN104203498A
CN104203498A CN201380011839.9A CN201380011839A CN104203498A CN 104203498 A CN104203498 A CN 104203498A CN 201380011839 A CN201380011839 A CN 201380011839A CN 104203498 A CN104203498 A CN 104203498A
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bristle
abrasive
abrasive material
brush
abrasive grain
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J.伊兹科
D.鲍尔
S.肯泽尔曼
H.梅伊德
G.穆肯福斯
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Hahl Filaments GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D13/00—Wheels having flexibly-acting working parts, e.g. buffing wheels; Mountings therefor
    • B24D13/02—Wheels having flexibly-acting working parts, e.g. buffing wheels; Mountings therefor acting by their periphery
    • B24D13/10—Wheels having flexibly-acting working parts, e.g. buffing wheels; Mountings therefor acting by their periphery comprising assemblies of brushes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A46—BRUSHWARE
    • A46D—MANUFACTURE OF BRUSHES
    • A46D1/00—Bristles; Selection of materials for bristles
    • A46D1/04—Preparing bristles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D13/00—Wheels having flexibly-acting working parts, e.g. buffing wheels; Mountings therefor
    • B24D13/14—Wheels having flexibly-acting working parts, e.g. buffing wheels; Mountings therefor acting by the front face
    • B24D13/145—Wheels having flexibly-acting working parts, e.g. buffing wheels; Mountings therefor acting by the front face having a brush-like working surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D18/00—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for
    • B24D18/0063—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for by extrusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/05—Filamentary, e.g. strands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A46—BRUSHWARE
    • A46B—BRUSHES
    • A46B2200/00—Brushes characterized by their functions, uses or applications
    • A46B2200/30—Brushes for cleaning or polishing
    • A46B2200/3093—Brush with abrasive properties, e.g. wire bristles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A46—BRUSHWARE
    • A46D—MANUFACTURE OF BRUSHES
    • A46D1/00—Bristles; Selection of materials for bristles
    • A46D1/02—Bristles details
    • A46D1/0207—Bristles characterised by the choice of material, e.g. metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/92704—Temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
    • B29C48/0022—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/022—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
    • D01F6/66—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyethers
    • D01F6/665—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyethers from polyetherketones, e.g. PEEK
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
    • D01F6/76—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from other polycondensation products
    • D01F6/765—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from other polycondensation products from polyarylene sulfides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/88—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
    • D01F6/94—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of other polycondensation products

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)

Abstract

为了制造磨料刷毛，使塑料熔融，并将由磨料颗粒制备的颗粒材料混合到熔融物中。将熔融物和磨料颗粒一起挤出成细丝，随后对该细丝进行处理和切割。于此所提供的塑料是连续使用温度>150℃的耐高温聚合物，以及于此所提供的包括磨料颗粒的熔融物在>280℃的温度条件下挤出。配备有相应的磨料刷毛的刷子可被用于工件的表面处理，其中使所述刷子以在30001/min～120001/min范围的转速转动并使其与待处理的表面接触。

Description

磨料刷毛、其制造方法、具有磨料刷毛的刷子以及使用该刷子来处理工件表面的方法
本发明涉及制造磨料刷毛(Abrasivborste)的方法，其中使塑料熔融，并将由磨料颗粒制备的颗粒材料混合到熔融物中，以及其中将具有磨料颗粒的熔融物挤出成细丝，随后对该细丝进行处理和切割。此外，本发明还涉及相应的磨料刷毛。
更进一步地，本发明涉及具有磨料刷毛的刷子和使用具有所述磨料刷毛或由其组成的刷子对工件表面进行处理的方法。
上述类型的磨料刷毛通常应用于待处理，特别是待研磨或抛光的工件表面。
通常通过在挤出机(Extruder)中熔融例如由聚酰胺6.12制备的塑料来制造磨料刷毛。颗粒状的磨料颗粒被混入塑料熔融物中并通过喷嘴将该熔融物和磨料颗粒一起挤出，以所谓的连续的(endlos)细丝的形式送料至其他处理站，在其中所述细丝可被拉伸和/或加热和/或收缩。然后将所述细丝切割成所希望的长度以制造单个刷毛。
已经证明，这样的磨料刷毛仅在相对短的使用时间中能发挥其研磨处理的功能。当将刷毛例如以旋转刷的形式拖过待处理的工件时，会产生使单个刷毛的可用性降低的强作用力。
本发明的目的在于，发明一种使用寿命长的磨料刷毛及其相应的制造方法。此外，还发明一种具有所述磨料刷毛的刷子以及工件的表面处理的方法，使用该方法可以以经济有效的方式快速地处理工件。
该目的是根据本发明通过包括权利要求1的特征的方法来实现的。于此所提供的塑料是连续使用温度(Dauergebrauchstemperatur)>150℃的耐高温聚合物，以及于此所提供的包括磨料颗粒的熔融物在>280℃的温度条件下挤出。
连续使用温度指的是极限温度，高于该温度时，由于技术应力(technischeBelastung)会出现塑料的强度性能的大幅度降低。连续使用温度(也被称为相对温度指数，RTI)是最高温度，该温度时在通常为20000小时的设定时间间隔后材料仍具有其性能的至少50％(抗拉强度或屈服强度)(Zug-bzw.Streck-festigkeit)(又见国际标准IEC60216-1)。
本发明所基于的基本思想是使用先前的磨料刷毛所带来的问题，该问题是在使用磨料刷毛时由磨料刷毛和工件之间所产生的较大摩擦造成的，这样的摩擦会导致高温，高温会降低磨料刷毛的稳定性。根据本发明，这可以通过包括耐高温聚合物，即塑料的磨料刷毛的基体(Matrix)来避免。所述刷毛可包括聚酮(例如聚醚醚酮(PEEK)、聚芳醚酮(PAEK)或它们的混合物)、聚苯硫醚(PPS)，或者包括聚芳硫醚或聚苯硫醚和聚芳醚酮、部分的芳香族聚酰胺(例如聚邻苯二酰胺(PPA))(例如，此外还有PA3T、PA6T或PA9T等)的合金，或者甚至包括这些塑料的混合物或共混物。
本发明的细丝可以是圆形或n角形(n>3)以及呈小的带状。
为了将所述磨料颗粒很好地包埋进塑料中，在>280℃的温度将包含磨料颗粒的熔融物挤出。在本发明的一项优选的实施方式中，所提供的包含磨料颗粒的熔融物在300℃～400℃的温度挤出。
在本发明的进一步改进(Weiterbildung)中，所提供的塑料是部分结晶的。这使得有可能随后能拉伸通过挤出所制造出的细丝，以使细丝不会被撕裂或以其他方式损坏。
可使用例如由SiC和/或Al2O3制备的颗粒作为磨料颗粒。然而，还可提供金刚石片或金刚石颗粒和/或刚玉颗粒和/或陶瓷颗粒和/或碳化硼颗粒作为磨料颗粒。
为了提高塑料和磨料颗粒之间的结合力(Haftung)，在将这些颗粒混合进塑料熔融物之前可使用粘合剂来涂覆这些颗粒。在这一方面，例如由文献可知含硅烷的涂料。
可将所述磨料颗粒引入到熔融的塑料中并使其一起达到>280℃的挤出温度。然而，可选的是，还能先使塑料达到>280℃的温度，从而使其熔融，然后仅将磨料颗粒混合进熔融物中。
关于磨料刷毛，上述目的是通过包括权利要求9的特征的磨料刷毛来实现的。为此提供的塑料是耐高温的塑料。
与本发明方法相关的本发明的磨料刷毛的其它特征及其所带来的优点已被提及，为避免重复而对其进行引述。
本发明的磨料刷毛被用于工件的表面处理，特别是应用在具有承载刷毛填塞物(Borstenbesatz)的刷毛托的刷子中，其中所述刷毛填塞物具有根据权利要求7～10中任一项所述的磨料刷毛或者根据权利要求1～6中任一项所述的方法制造的磨料刷毛。所述刷毛填塞物优选全部由相应的磨料刷毛组成。
使用相应的刷子，可实现工件表面上材料去除(Materialabtrag)，从而可实现工件的快速加工，而不会存在如下的风险：在加工过程中所产生的力，以及特别是温度，导致磨料刷毛的功能受损，从而导致刷子的功能受损。
根据本发明的使用刷子来处理工件表面的方法，使所述刷子转动并使其与待处理的表面接触，其中所述刷子具有根据权利要求7～10中任一项所述的磨料刷毛或者根据权利要求1～6中任一项所述的方法制造的磨料刷毛。这种情况下，所述刷子具有30001/min～120001/min的转速，特别是50001/min～90001/min的转速。刷子的这些非常高的转速导致了极高的材料去除离率(Materialabtrag)和快速的工件加工。本发明的磨料刷毛可经受住由此所产生的较高的温度而不会影响操作。
优选地，设计所述刷子的尺寸，特别是刷毛的长度，使得刷毛的端部能以5000m/min～7000m/min的周速(Umfangsgeschwindigkeit)移动。
当使用在所述方法中的刷子的刷毛填塞物全部由根据权利要求7～10中任一项所述的磨料刷毛或者根据权利要求1～6中任一项所述的方法制造的磨料刷毛组成时，该方法是特别有效的。

Claims (16)

1.制造磨料刷毛的方法，其中使塑料熔融，并将由磨料颗粒制备的颗粒材料混合到熔融物中，以及其中将包含磨料颗粒的熔融物挤出成细丝，随后对该细丝进行处理和切割，其特征在于，所述塑料是连续使用温度>150℃的耐高温聚合物，以及将所述包含磨料颗粒的熔融物在>280℃的温度条件下挤出。
2.根据权利要求1的方法，其特征在于，将所述包含磨料颗粒的熔融物在300℃～400℃的温度条件下挤出。
3.根据权利要求1或2的方法，其特征在于，所述塑料是部分结晶的。
4.根据权利要求1～3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述磨料颗粒由SiC和/或Al2O3组成，和/或由金刚石颗粒和/或刚玉颗粒和/或陶瓷颗粒和/或碳化硼颗粒和/或氧化锆形成。
5.根据权利要求1～4中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，使用粘合剂来涂覆所述磨料颗粒。
6.根据权利要求1～5中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在>280℃的温度将所述磨料颗粒混合到所述熔融物中。
7.由混合有磨料颗粒的塑料制成的磨料刷毛，其特征在于，所述塑料是连续使用温度>150℃的耐高温材料。
8.根据权利要求7的磨料刷毛，其特征在于，所述塑料是部分结晶的。
9.根据权利要求7或8的磨料刷毛，其特征在于，所述磨料颗粒由SiC和/或Al2O3组成，和/或由金刚石颗粒和/或刚玉颗粒和/或陶瓷颗粒和/或碳化硼颗粒和/或氧化锆形成。
10.根据权利要求7～9中任一项所述的磨料刷毛，其特征在于，所述磨料颗粒涂覆有粘合剂。
11.用于工件的表面处理的刷子，其具有承载刷毛填塞物的刷毛托，其中所述刷毛填塞物具有根据权利要求7～10中任一项所述的磨料刷毛或者根据权利要求1～6中任一项所述的方法制造的磨料刷毛。
12.根据权利要求11所述的刷子，其特征在于，所述刷毛填塞物全部由根据权利要求7～10中任一项所述的磨料刷毛或者根据权利要求1～6中任一项所述的方法制造的磨料刷毛组成。
13.使用具有根据权利要求7～10中任一项所述的磨料刷毛或者根据权利要求1～6中任一项所述的方法制造的磨料刷毛的刷子对工件进行表面处理的方法，其中使所述刷子转动并使其与待处理的表面接触，以及其中所述刷子以30001/min～120001/min的转速转动。
14.权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述刷子以在50001/min～90001/min的转速转动。
15.权利要求13或14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述刷毛的端部以5000m/min～7000m/min的周速移动。
16.根据权利要求13～15中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述刷子的刷毛填塞物全部由根据权利要求7～10中任一项所述的磨料刷毛或者根据权利要求1～6中任一项所述的方法制造的磨料刷毛组成。
CN201380011839.9A 2012-01-30 2013-01-18 磨料刷毛、其制造方法、具有磨料刷毛的刷子以及使用该刷子来处理工件表面的方法 Pending CN104203498A (zh)

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DE201210001623 DE102012001623A1 (de) 2012-01-30 2012-01-30 Abrasivborste und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
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PCT/EP2013/000140 WO2013113472A1 (de) 2012-01-30 2013-01-18 Abrasivborste, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung, bürste mit abrasivborsten und verfahren zur oberflächenbearbeitung eines werkstücks mit einer abrasivborsten aufweisenden bürste

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