CN104198482A - Test paper reading method and test paper reading device - Google Patents
Test paper reading method and test paper reading device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104198482A CN104198482A CN201410454068.7A CN201410454068A CN104198482A CN 104198482 A CN104198482 A CN 104198482A CN 201410454068 A CN201410454068 A CN 201410454068A CN 104198482 A CN104198482 A CN 104198482A
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
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Abstract
The invention provides a test paper reading method and a test paper reading device, which can read dry chemical test paper strips, colloidal gold immunochromatograohic assay test paper strips/cards and rapid pesticide residue test cards, are easy to operate, need no extra detection instrument and equipment, can automatically judge and read the detection result by only acquiring corresponding developing pictures through electronic equipment such as computers or mobile phones, have reliable testing accuracy and are particularly suitable for personal and household wide application. The method comprises the following steps: A. acquiring images; B. processing the acquired images; C. performing negative and positive discrimination; and D. performing concentration conversion on a sample which is discriminated to be positive in the step C through a concentration-gray scale relation to obtain a concentration value of the to-be-tested paper card/strip. The device comprises a shell and a built-in standard gray scale strip, wherein the shell is provided with a standard gray scale strip display window and is also provided with a first card slot, a second card slot and a third card slot for arranging the colloidal gold card, the rapid pesticide residue test card and the dry chemical test paper respectively.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of test paper read method and device, for reading dry chemical scrip, colloidal gold immuno-chromatography test paper strip or test card and enzyme, suppress the pesticide residue fast detection card of method.
Background technology
Test paper method, as a kind of in-situ check and test method fast, is characterized in simple to operate, easy to carry, low price, and has certain selectivity, accuracy and sensitivity.The features such as test paper method comprises drying chemical reagent paper, biological test paper etc., easy to carry owing to having, simple to operate, finding speed is fast, more and more receive people's concern, and play a greater and greater role in fast detecting at the scene.Drying chemical reagent paper, pesticide residual test paper, colloidal gold strip etc. have been widely used in the every field such as food, water quality, air, health care.But the detection of test paper mainly relies on range estimation for a long time, be that colour developing on test paper or the shade of detection line are observed in employment, can only accomplish to judge qualitatively, and human factor is larger on the judgement impact of testing result, runs into measurand content very low, develop the color very shallow time, often rely on naked eyes result of determination to be difficult to, be easy to cause erroneous judgement, produce wrong testing result, and after detecting each time, original testing result all cannot retain file, is unfavorable for the tracking of reviewing of result.Along with the development of test paper, also corresponding appearance of the mini-detector device matching with it, as: the light reflectometer of a kind of and test paper coupling that Merck KGaA company produces, size only has 19cm * 8cm * 2cm.Reflectometer side has one for the wicket that inserts test strips, wherein has one by metal spring, to be controlled, the wicket that can allow light pass through.Instrument generally adopts battery to do the energy, and photodiode is as light source.After light is irradiated in test strips, a part of light is absorbed by test strips, and another part is reflected to a cds photoelectric cell, by microammeter, detects the magnitude of current, is directly presented on display screen after being converted into concentration unit.Instrument itself has a timer and a hummer, guarantees that each mensuration has the identical reaction time.The appearance of reflectometer, has not only greatly improved the degree of accuracy of measurement result, and makes test paper method by originally carrying out qualitative, semi-quantitative analysis, develops into and can directly carry out as required the quantitatively analytical approach of detection.Domestic also have some colloidal gold strip Photoelectric Detection instruments based on CCD to design and experimental studies, as the Photoelectric Detection instrument development > > of the Master's thesis < < colloidal gold strip of University Of Tianjin's exact instrument and photoelectron engineering college, CN101598599B provides a kind of multi-channel portable colloidal gold test paper strip quick test device, CN101769925A provides method and system and the application thereof of a kind of intelligent identification and reading immunity-chromatography test strip, above-mentioned several be all the tacheometer device of special detection colloidal gold strip, can not detect drying chemical reagent paper, can not detect the pesticide residue fast detection card that suppresses method based on enzyme.CN201773067U provides the hand-held test paper reading device for machine vision, is convenient to lowered in field environment and uses, and can only detect chemical test strips.Also do not have at present to read method or the equipment that suppresses the pesticide residue fast detection card of method based on enzyme, and existing test paper read method or equipment, there is certain testing cost, be not suitable for the popular of individual, family and apply.Along with the widespread use of electronic product, present family or personal user generally have digital camera or are equipped with mobile phone or the computer of camera.But these color capture characteristics of obtaining image capture apparatus can be different and obviously different according to device, therefore accurate image capture is almost impossible.On market, have the professional spectrophotometric counter device that can obtain accurate measurement color, but these have all exceeded most of families or individual consumer's ability to bear.Therefore studying more convenient computing method, test strips or test card are carried out to result interpretation is that this area has problem to be solved.
Summary of the invention
The defect and the deficiency that for prior art, exist, the invention provides a kind of test paper read method and reading device, be applicable to read the pesticide residue fast detection card of dry chemical scrip, colloidal gold immuno-chromatography test paper strip or test card and enzyme inhibition method, operation is simple, only need obtain corresponding colour developing picture by electronic equipments such as computer or mobile phones, the concentration that can directly read measured object, measuring accuracy is reliable, is particularly suitable for the popular of individual, family and promotes the use of.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
1. a test paper read method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
A. carry out image acquisition, described image acquisition comprises uses digital camera or the first-class mobile electronic device of making a video recording, and the gray level image of the coloured image of test card/bar and calibrating gray bar is caught simultaneously; Described test paper/bar comprises dry chemical scrip, colloidal gold immuno-chromatography test paper strip/test card or pesticide residue fast detection card; Described coloured image refers to the colour developing image with certain color that the test card/bar after colour developing shows; The image of described calibrating gray bar is the standard picture for environmental correction that pre-sets gray-scale value;
B. process the coloured image catch, comprise that the image by the calibrating gray bar of catching simultaneously carries out environmental correction by the coloured image of catching, to determine in image the not gray scale of fundamental color;
C. carry out feminine gender, positive differentiate, described feminine gender is positive to be differentiated is to find specific location whether to have certain gray scale sudden change, differentiates positively if having, and enters next step calculating; If negative without differentiating, directly export negative findings;
D. by differentiating positive sample in step C, by the relational expression of concentration-gray scale, carry out concentration calculating, obtain the concentration value of paper card/bar to be tested, Output rusults.
2. described in, in step B, process the coloured image of catching, according to the step in (1) gradation conversion (2) rim detection (3) extraction and analysis region, carry out;
(1) gradation conversion, described gradation conversion adopts following colour to turn the computing formula of gray scale:
Gray＝R×0.299+G×0.587+B×0.114
(2) rim detection, described rim detection adopts sobel operator extraction edge, and formula is as follows:
(3) extraction and analysis region, after sobel operator extraction edge treated in described edge detecting step, in graphical analysis region, other area grayscale values relative to background intersection gray-scale value are larger, according to grey scale change feature, find out analysis border to be measured, extraction and analysis region.
3. described in, in steps A, described calibrating gray bar comprises that some levels pre-set the gray level image of gray-scale value, and gray-scale value is between 0-255.
4. described in, in step D, the relational expression of described concentration-gray scale is to demarcate and obtain from gray scale-concentration relationship, and described gray scale-concentration relationship demarcating steps is as follows:
A. within the scope of finite concentration, demarcate, using distilled water or sample reagent as blank, depending on containing testing concentration, be 0mg/L, from concentration 0mg/L, in range of linearity γ >0.9999, select the sample liquid of 5-8 concentration point, dropped in respectively on test strips/card, made its colour developing completely; Described test strips/card comprises dry chemical scrip, colloidal gold immuno-chromatography test paper strip/test card or pesticide residue fast detection card;
B. carry out image acquisition, described image acquisition comprises uses digital camera or the first-class mobile device of making a video recording, and the image of the colour developing image of test card/bar and calibrating gray bar is caught simultaneously;
C. the colour developing image of catching is processed, image by the calibrating gray bar of catching simultaneously carries out environmental correction, determine in colour developing image the not gray scale of fundamental color, obtain the gray scale picture of the bmp form that one group of pixel size is 2000 * 500, the gray scale picture that variable concentrations is corresponding different; Read the gray scale of each pixel in picture, the mean value of getting all pixel gray scales in a certain concentration picture represents the gray scale that this concentration is corresponding;
E. under same test conditions, repeating step a-c, repeatedly demarcates, and the mode of employing fitting of a polynomial obtains the relational expression of concentration-gray scale.
5. a test paper reading device, it is characterized in that, comprise shell, built-in standard grayscale bar, on described shell, there is standard grayscale bar display window, also be provided for placing the first draw-in groove of colloid gold card, for placing the second draw-in groove of pesticide residue fast detection card and for placing the 3rd draw-in groove of drying chemical reagent paper; Described standard grayscale bar comprises that some levels pre-set the gray scale picture of gray-scale value, and gray-scale value is between 0-255.
The technology of the present invention effect
A kind of test paper read method provided by the invention and reading device, be applicable to read the pesticide residue fast detection card of dry chemical scrip, colloidal gold immuno-chromatography test paper strip or test card and enzyme inhibition method, operation is simple, without extra detecting instrument equipment, only need obtain corresponding colour developing picture by electronic equipments such as computer or mobile phones, the concentration that can directly read measured object, measuring accuracy is reliable, is particularly suitable for the popular of individual, family and promotes the use of.
1. a kind of test paper read method provided by the invention, adopt the mode of environmental correction, the key point of environmental correction is to adopt in picture processing the mode of standard grayscale bar, eliminated because of light intensity, the different aberration that cause of colour developing, overcome the deficiency that Sobel operator is not processed based on gradation of image, adopt and first to carry out gradation conversion, and then carry out the mode of rim detection, extraction be best analyzed area.
2. a kind of test paper read method provided by the invention, for detected object be dry chemical scrip, pesticide residue fast detection card and colloid gold card.Dry chemical scrip, pesticide residue fast detection card and collaurum jig that the image obtaining in the method refers to after colour developing have certain colour developing, together with standard grayscale bar, use digital camera or the first-class mobile device of making a video recording carry out image acquisition and obtain.Gray scale in the method adopts reflectivity to represent, the reflectivity that concentration is large is low, and the reflectivity that concentration is low is just large, black reflectivity 0, white reflectivity 100%.There is certain difference in the color of dry chemical scrip, pesticide residue fast detection card and the colloid gold card of variable concentrations colour developing, change into and the corrected corresponding gray scale of standard grayscale bar, according to concentration-gray-scale relation formula of having demarcated in advance, by the gray scale of the colour developing picture obtaining, obtained the concentration of measured object again.
3. a kind of test paper reading device provided by the invention, built-in standard grayscale bar, on shell, there is standard grayscale bar display window and for placing the draw-in groove of colloid gold card, pesticide residue fast detection card, drying chemical reagent paper, can use digital camera or the first-class mobile electronic device of making a video recording, the gray level image of the coloured image of test card/bar and calibrating gray bar is caught simultaneously, the value that guarantees picture gray scale is accurate, and then guarantees the accurate of test result.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is test paper read method process flow diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is nitrite concentration and gray scale (reflectivity %) corresponding relation figure.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of test paper reading device.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are described further, it should be noted that, these embodiment are conduct explanation and explanation only, and can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, be test paper read method process flow diagram of the present invention.A kind of test paper read method provided by the invention, comprises the following steps:
A. carry out image acquisition, described image acquisition comprises uses digital camera or the first-class mobile electronic device of making a video recording, and the gray level image of the coloured image of test card/bar and calibrating gray bar is caught simultaneously; Described test paper/bar comprises dry chemical scrip, colloidal gold immuno-chromatography test paper strip/test card or pesticide residue fast detection card; Described coloured image refers to the colour developing image with certain color that the test card/bar after colour developing shows; The image of described calibrating gray bar is the standard picture for environmental correction that pre-sets gray-scale value;
B. process the coloured image catch, comprise that the image by the calibrating gray bar of catching simultaneously carries out environmental correction by the coloured image of catching, to determine in image the not gray scale of fundamental color; By environmental correction, the impact of the environment such as light, aberration while taking pictures to reduce; The coloured image that processing is caught, carries out according to the step in (1) gradation conversion (2) rim detection (3) extraction and analysis region;
C. carry out feminine gender, positive differentiate, described feminine gender is positive to be differentiated is to find specific location whether to have certain gray scale sudden change, differentiates positively if having, and enters next step calculating; If negative without differentiating, directly export negative findings;
D. by differentiating positive sample in step C, by the relational expression of concentration-gray scale, carry out concentration calculating, obtain the concentration value of paper card/bar to be tested, Output rusults.
Wherein, in step B,
(1) gradation conversion, gradation conversion adopts a colour to turn the computing formula of gray scale:
Gray＝R×0.299+G×0.587+B×0.114，
(2) rim detection, rim detection adopt sobel operator extraction edge, formula is as follows:
(3) extraction and analysis region, after sobel operator extraction edge treated in described edge detecting step, in graphical analysis region, other area grayscale values relative to background intersection gray-scale value are larger, according to grey scale change feature, find out analysis border to be measured, extraction and analysis region.
When the computing formula of gradation conversion is specifically applied, for fear of the floating-point operation of low speed, adopt integer arithmetic, 1000 times of their convergent-divergents realized to integer arithmetic algorithm:
Gray＝(R×299+G×587+B×114+500)/1000
RGB is generally 8 precision, and convergent-divergent is 1000 times now, so computing is above the computing of 32 integers.After that division be division of integer, so need to add that 500 realize and rounding up.Be exactly because this algorithm needs 32 bit arithmetics, so this formula develops into another mutation:
Gray＝(R×30+G×59+B×11+50)/100
Integer arithmetic is above very fast, but has the speed that a bit still restricts, so adopt displacement integer arithmetic.Displacement is fast more than division, coefficient can be scaled to 2 integer power.Use traditionally 16 precision, 16 powers of 2 are 65536, the rounding procedure of using rather than round up.Round up and have larger error, the error of former result of calculation should be counted together, rounding procedure is the method for truncating, and is write as expression formula to be:
Gray＝(R×19595+G×38469+B×7472)>>16
The Sobel Operator (Sobeloperator) that rim detection adopts is one of operator during image is processed, mainly as rim detection.Because Sobel operator is the form of filter operator, for extracting edge, can utilize fast convolution function, simply effective, be therefore widely used.Blemish in an otherwise perfect thing be, Sobel operator does not strictly make a distinction the main body of image and background, in other words be exactly that Sobel operator is not processed based on gradation of image, because Sobel operator is not strictly simulated people's vision physiological feature, so the image outline extracting sometimes can not be satisfactory.Therefore, first adopt gradation of image processing mode in the present invention, then carry out sobel operator extraction edge, to reach best image outline, what extract is best analyzed area.
The key point of environmental correction of the present invention is to have adopted in picture processing the way of environmental correction, adopt the mode of standard grayscale bar, eliminated because of light intensity, the different aberration that cause of colour developing, overcome the deficiency that Sobel operator is not processed based on gradation of image, adopt and first carry out gradation conversion, and then carry out the mode of rim detection, extraction be best analyzed area.
In this method, for detected object be dry chemical scrip, pesticide residue fast detection card and colloid gold card.Image in method is coloured image, dry chemical scrip, pesticide residue fast detection card and collaurum jig that described coloured image refers to after colour developing have certain colour developing, together with standard grayscale bar, use digital camera or the first-class mobile device of making a video recording carry out image acquisition and obtain.Gray scale in the present invention adopts reflectivity to represent, the reflectivity that concentration is large is low, and the reflectivity that concentration is low is just large, black reflectivity 0, white reflectivity 100%.There is certain difference in the color of dry chemical scrip, pesticide residue fast detection card and the colloid gold card of variable concentrations colour developing, changes into and the corrected corresponding gray scale of standard grayscale bar.Concentration-gray-scale relation the formula good according to prior demarcation, can be by the concentration of the gray scale inverse measured object of pictures taken.
In described step D, the relational expression of described concentration-gray scale is to demarcate and obtain from gray scale-concentration relationship, and described gray scale-concentration relationship demarcating steps is as follows:
A. within the scope of finite concentration, demarcate, using distilled water or sample reagent as blank, depending on containing testing concentration, be 0mg/L, from concentration 0mg/L, in range of linearity γ >0.9999, select the sample liquid of 5-8 concentration point, dropped in respectively on test strips/card, made its colour developing completely; Described test strips/card comprises dry chemical scrip, colloidal gold immuno-chromatography test paper strip/test card or pesticide residue fast detection card;
B. carry out image acquisition, described image acquisition comprises uses digital camera or the first-class mobile device of making a video recording, and the image of the colour developing image of test card/bar and calibrating gray bar is caught simultaneously;
C. the colour developing image of catching is processed, image by the calibrating gray bar of catching simultaneously carries out environmental correction, determine in colour developing image the not gray scale of fundamental color, obtain one group of pixel size for the gray scale picture of the bmp form of (high * wide) 2000 * 500, the gray scale picture that variable concentrations is corresponding different; Read the gray scale of each pixel in picture, the mean value of getting all pixel gray scales in a certain concentration picture represents the gray scale that this concentration is corresponding;
E. under same test conditions, repeating step a-c, repeatedly demarcates, and the mode of employing fitting of a polynomial obtains the relational expression of concentration-gray scale.For example carry out 10 times and demarcate, to improve accuracy.
The present invention be take nitrite test paper as example, in concentration range 0mg/L-40mg/L, demarcate, timing signal, configure respectively the standard solution of variable concentrations, make the test card/bar of variable concentrations, by image acquisition, obtain one group of pixel size for the picture of the bmp form of (high * wide) 2000 * 500, the different gray scale picture that variable concentrations is corresponding.Read the gray scale of each pixel of picture, the mean value of getting all pixel gray scales in a certain concentration picture represents the gray scale that this concentration is corresponding, the result of demarcating for 10 times can obtain nitrite concentration by fitting of a polynomial---gray-scale relation curve, relative coefficient reaches more than 0.98, and corresponding curve is referring to Fig. 2.
As shown in Figure 3, be a kind of detection paper device schematic diagram provided by the invention.Comprise shell, built-in standard grayscale bar, has standard grayscale bar display window on shell, is also provided for placing the first draw-in groove of colloid gold card, for placing the second draw-in groove of pesticide residue fast detection card and for placing the 3rd draw-in groove of drying chemical reagent paper; Described standard grayscale bar comprises that some levels pre-set the gray scale picture of gray-scale value, the picture of the R35G35B35 in low gray level for example, the picture of R128G128B128 in intermediate grey scales, the picture of the R235G235B235 on high grade grey level etc., gray-scale value is between 0-255.In the present embodiment, handle comprises that the grayscale bar of some grades of gray level images of known gray-scale value is set directly in test paper reading device.
During use, dry chemical scrip after colour developing to be measured, colloidal gold immuno-chromatography test paper strip/test card or pesticide residue fast detection card are put into respectively for placing the first draw-in groove of colloid gold card, for placing the second draw-in groove of pesticide residue fast detection card and for placing the 3rd draw-in groove of drying chemical reagent paper, use digital camera or the first-class mobile electronic device of making a video recording, can obtain the coloured image of test card/bar and the gray level image of calibrating gray bar simultaneously.
It should be pointed out that the above embodiment can make the invention of those skilled in the art's comprehend, but do not limit the present invention in any way creation.Therefore; although this instructions has been described in detail the invention with reference to drawings and Examples; but; those skilled in the art are to be understood that; still can modify or be equal to replacement the invention; in a word, all do not depart from technical scheme and the change thereof of the spirit and scope of the invention, and it all should be encompassed in the middle of the protection domain of the invention patent.
Claims (5)
1. a test paper read method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
A. carry out image acquisition, described image acquisition comprises uses digital camera or the first-class mobile electronic device of making a video recording, and the gray level image of the coloured image of test card/bar and calibrating gray bar is caught simultaneously; Described test paper/bar comprises dry chemical scrip, colloidal gold immuno-chromatography test paper strip/test card or pesticide residue fast detection card; Described coloured image refers to the colour developing image with certain color that the test card/bar after colour developing shows; The image of described calibrating gray bar is the standard picture for environmental correction that pre-sets gray-scale value;
B. process the coloured image catch, comprise that the image by the calibrating gray bar of catching simultaneously carries out environmental correction by the coloured image of catching, to determine in image the not gray scale of fundamental color;
C. carry out feminine gender, positive differentiate, described feminine gender is positive to be differentiated is to find specific location whether to have certain gray scale sudden change, differentiates positively if having, and enters next step calculating; If negative without differentiating, directly export negative findings;
D. by differentiating positive sample in step C, by the relational expression of concentration-gray scale, carry out concentration calculating, obtain the concentration value of paper card/bar to be tested, Output rusults.
2. test paper read method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step B, processes the coloured image of catching, and according to the step in (1) gradation conversion (2) rim detection (3) extraction and analysis region, carries out;
(1) gradation conversion, described gradation conversion adopts following colour to turn the computing formula of gray scale:
Gray＝R×0.299+G×0.587+B×0.114
(2) rim detection, described rim detection adopts sobel operator extraction edge, and formula is as follows:
(3) extraction and analysis region, after sobel operator extraction edge treated in described edge detecting step, in graphical analysis region, other area grayscale values relative to background intersection gray-scale value are larger, according to grey scale change feature, find out analysis border to be measured, extraction and analysis region.
3. test paper read method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described steps A, described calibrating gray bar comprises that some levels pre-set the gray scale picture of gray-scale value, and gray level is between 0-255.
4. test paper read method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step D, the relational expression of described concentration-gray scale is to demarcate and obtain from gray scale-concentration relationship, and described gray scale-concentration relationship demarcating steps is as follows:
A. within the scope of finite concentration, demarcate, using distilled water or sample reagent as blank, depending on containing testing concentration, be 0mg/L, from concentration 0mg/L, in range of linearity γ >0.9999, select the sample liquid of 5-8 concentration point, dropped in respectively on test strips/card, made its colour developing completely; Described test strips/card comprises dry chemical scrip, colloidal gold immuno-chromatography test paper strip/test card or pesticide residue fast detection card;
B. carry out image acquisition, described image acquisition comprises uses digital camera or the first-class mobile device of making a video recording, and the image of the colour developing image of test card/bar and calibrating gray bar is caught simultaneously;
C. the colour developing image of catching is processed, image by the calibrating gray bar of catching simultaneously carries out environmental correction, determine in colour developing image the not gray scale of fundamental color, obtain the gray scale picture of the bmp form that one group of pixel size is 2000 * 500, the gray scale picture that variable concentrations is corresponding different; Read the gray scale of each pixel in picture, the mean value of getting all pixel gray scales in a certain concentration picture represents the gray scale that this concentration is corresponding;
E. under same test conditions, repeating step a-c, repeatedly demarcates, and the mode of employing fitting of a polynomial obtains the relational expression of concentration-gray scale.
5. a test paper reading device, it is characterized in that, comprise shell, built-in standard grayscale bar, on described shell, there is standard grayscale bar display window, also be provided for placing the first draw-in groove of colloid gold card, for placing the second draw-in groove of pesticide residue fast detection card and for placing the 3rd draw-in groove of drying chemical reagent paper; Described standard grayscale bar comprises that some levels pre-set the gray scale picture of gray-scale value, and gray-scale value is between 0-255.
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