CN104187941A - 人参苹果梨露及制备方法 - Google Patents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
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Abstract
人参苹果梨露及制备方法。属于食品领域。由人参水提物、轮叶党参水提物、苹果梨水提物、柠檬酸、防腐剂、水组成。制备方法是:苹果梨加水,加热回流提取,浓缩提取液。人参和轮叶党参粉碎成粗粉,加活性干酵母,制备人参-轮叶党参混合发酵提取液。将苹果梨提取液和人参与轮叶党参混合发酵提取液混合,加入柠檬酸、防腐剂,再加水至所需浓度,搅拌、精滤、灭菌,得成品。本发明的有益效果是:将人参水提物、轮叶党参水提物、苹果梨水提物相配伍,相互协同,扬长补短,形成饮料领域中的滋补佳品。同时,保留了人参、轮叶党参及苹果梨特有的香气,口感酸甜适口且凉爽,适合于任何人食用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及食品领域,具体涉及一种人参苹果梨为主要原料的饮料及其制备方法。
背景技术
人参是我国特产珍贵药材之一,五加科多年生草本植物,入药部份主要为人参的根和须。早在两千多年前,人们就逐渐发现人参有大补元气、宁身益智、益气生津、补虚扶正、延年益寿之功效,被誉为“益气要药”。生晒参性微凉,味甘,有补气养阴、生津之功效。体质虚弱者,高血压病、糖尿病、癌症、肝炎、肾炎等慢性疾病患者,宜选用生晒参。现代医学也证明,人参除了能滋补强身外,在防肿瘤、抗衰老、抗心律失常、抑制细胞凋亡、降糖降脂、改善学习记忆、增强性功能和免疫功能及解酒等方面均有疗效,故近年来人参越来越受到人们的青睐。人参中包含的主要成分有人参皂苷、人参多糖、挥发油、低分子肽、氨基酸、维生素、有机酸和多种微量元素等,人参皂苷是其中最主要的活性成分。天然的人参皂苷含量低,且由于其分子结构中糖的数目比较多,影响生理活性的正常发挥。利用生物转化的方法,对天然人参皂苷进行分子修饰,减少其中的糖基的数目,以便发挥更好的生理功能。目前对人参皂苷的生物转化主要采用细菌、丝状真菌或酵母菌对已制备的人参提取液或皂苷进行。但人参提取废弃物中包括没有提取完全的一些有效成分及一些无机元素等。然而,这些方法只对已提取的人参皂苷进行转化,但对废弃物中尚未提取完全的部分仍然没有被利用,造成资源的浪费。
轮叶党参,又名羊乳、四叶参、山胡萝卜、山海螺及白蟒肉等,是桔梗科党参属植物羊乳的根,多分布于中国东北、华南、西南地区及朝鲜、日本、俄罗斯等国家,在民间常将它作为山野菜食用。传统上其根入药,味甘、性平,是常用的补中益气药,有排脓消肿、清热解毒、补虚通乳、养阴润肺及祛痰之功效。主要用于病后体虚、乳少、肺阴虚、肿痈、乳痈、疮疡肿毒等症。现代药理学研究表明轮叶党参具有镇静镇痛、提高学习记忆、抗氧化和增强免疫等作用。文献报道轮叶党参中含有多糖、齐墩果酸、皂苷类、黄酮类、挥发油类等成分,其中主要活性成分为轮叶党参皂苷,其苷元为齐墩果酸。
苹果梨是延边地区特产水果,年产量很大。其水分达85.9%,果肉细脆多汁、清香爽口、石细胞少、可溶性固形物含量达到11%~13%。苹果梨具有健脾、软化血管、和胃止呕止泻、消痰止咳、润肺、清心、利尿、增进食欲、助消化等保键功能。很多研究结果表明,梨加热提取可显著增加黄酮类及总多酚的提取率,从而提高梨的生理活性。但目前苹果梨的深加工应用范围比较小,还没有作为一种组份应用到食品中去。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种人参苹果梨露,作为味美可口的的保健饮料,克服苹果梨食用方式单一、缺少以苹果梨为主要成分的滋补饮料的不足。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种人参苹果梨露的制备方法。使人参苹果梨露能够工业化生产。
本发明的人参苹果梨露由人参(白参或红参)水提物、轮叶党参水提物、苹果梨水提物、柠檬酸、防腐剂、水组成,各成分比例为:每100重量份人参苹果梨露含0.5~8重量份人参所制得的水提取物、0.5~8重量份轮叶党参所制得的水提取物,10~70重量份苹果梨所制得的水提取物、柠檬酸0.1~0.8重量份、防腐剂0.01~0.05重量份,其余是水。
本发明的人参苹果梨露优选成分比例为:每100重量份人参苹果梨露含2~6重量份人参所制得的水提取物、2~6重量份轮叶党参所制得的水提取物,30~50重量份苹果梨所制得的水提取物、柠檬酸0.3~0.5重量份、防腐剂0.02~0.03重量份,其余是水。
本发明的人参苹果梨露最佳成分比例为每100重量份人参苹果梨露含4重量份人参所制得的水提取物、4重量份轮叶党参所制得的水提取物,40重量份苹果梨所制得的水提取物、柠檬酸0.4重量份、防腐剂0.025重量份,其余是水。
本发明中人参水提取物和轮叶党参提取物为经酵母发酵后的水提取物。
本发明中的防腐剂可以使用山梨酸钾、苯甲酸钠等食品防腐剂,首选山梨酸钾。
本发明的人参苹果梨露的制备方法是:
1、取0.5~8重量份人参、0.5~8重量份轮叶党参、10~70重量份苹果梨、0.1~0.8重量份柠檬酸、0.01~0.05重量份防腐剂;
2、将步骤1所取的苹果梨先洗净、去皮、去果柄,再切成2~3cm厚的果片放入提取锅内,加入2~10倍于果量的纯净水,加热至80~100℃,回流提取30~120分钟,过滤,澄清,浓缩,使液体Brix达到40°以上,备用;
3、将步骤1所取的人参和轮叶党参粉碎分别粉碎成粗粉,将人参粗粉和轮叶党参粗粉混合,取混合粗粉重量的0.3%~3%的活性干酵母,加入25~37℃的温水溶解,活化。在混合粗粉中加入2~10倍于原料重量的纯净水,再加入已活化的酵母液,充分混匀,封口,在30~37℃温度下发酵12~48小时,加入2~10倍于原料的纯净水,加热至80~100℃,提取30~120分钟,过滤,制备人参-轮叶党参混合发酵提取液(Brix达到40%以上,灭菌保存),备用。
4、将步骤2制得苹果梨提取液和步骤3制得的人参与轮叶党参混合发酵提取液混合,加入步骤1所取的柠檬酸、防腐剂,再加水至总重量100重量份,搅拌均匀、精滤、加热灭菌、灌装,制得成品。
本发明的有益效果是:人参大补元气,复脉固脱,补脾益肺,生津养血,安神益智,但人参有助火益气作用,阴虚者用之更耗阴;轮叶党参补中益气,健脾生津;苹果梨加热之后具有滋阴润燥之功效。轮叶党参和梨的凉性中和了人参的热性,寒温适宜,既健脾补气,又益胃生津,起到气阴双补之功效。同时,保留了人参、轮叶党参及苹果梨特有的香气,口感酸甜适口且凉爽,本发明将人参水提物、轮叶党参水提物、苹果梨水提物相配伍,相互协同,扬长避短,形成饮料领域中的滋补佳品。同时,保留了人参、轮叶党参及苹果梨特有的香气,口感酸甜适口且凉爽,适合于任何人食用。制备方法中用酵母发酵人参,利用酵母菌中所含活性强大的淀粉酶、糖化酶、糖苷酶、脂肪酶、蛋白酶、纤维素酶等,特别是其中的纤维素酶和糖苷酶,来分解人参的细胞壁,降解人参皂苷分子中的糖基,即可提高人参皂苷的提取率,同时提高皂苷转化为苷元,提高人参皂苷和的生物利用度。用同样的生物转化的方法,对天然轮叶党参皂苷进行分子修饰,减少其中糖基的数目,以便发挥更好的生理功能。
具体的实施方式
实例1
(1)取5 g人参、80 g轮叶党参、100 g苹果梨、8 g柠檬酸、0. 1 g山梨酸钾;
(2)将苹果梨洗净,削皮去果柄,切成2~3cm厚果片,置于夹层锅内,加入3倍于果量的纯净水,加热至90℃,提取60分钟,160目尼龙滤布过滤,离心去残渣,加入澄清剂澄清,离心,上清液浓缩至Brix 40°,备用。
(3)人参和轮叶党参分别粗粉碎,过10目筛。装入发酵罐内混合,加入3倍于原料的纯净水,搅拌均匀,加热20分钟,灭菌,冷却。称取0.85g活性干酵母,加入260mL无菌纯净水,搅匀,在30℃恒温箱中放置30分钟,进行活化,然后添加到人参-轮叶党参混合物中,充分搅匀,封口,在30℃条件下发酵24小时,加入600mL纯净水,在100℃温度下提取90分钟,160目尼龙滤布过滤,3000转/分,离心20分钟,去残渣。减压浓缩至Brix 40°,备用。
(4)将苹果梨提取液和人参-轮叶党参发酵提取液混合,加入所取的柠檬酸山梨酸钾,充分搅匀,使其溶解,加纯净水至1000mL,精滤,加热灭菌,趁热真空包装于铝箔袋中,100mL/袋。
实例2
(1)取80 g人参、5 g轮叶党参、700 g苹果梨、1 g柠檬酸、0. 5重量份山梨酸钾。
(2)将苹果梨洗净,削皮去果柄,切成2~3cm厚果片,置于夹层锅内,加入3倍于果量的纯净水,加热至90℃,提取60分钟,160目尼龙滤布过滤,离心去残渣,加入澄清剂澄清,离心,上清液浓缩至Brix 40°,备用。
(3)人参和轮叶党参分别粗粉碎,过10目筛。置于发酵罐内混合,加入3倍于原料的纯净水,搅拌均匀,加热20分钟,灭菌,冷却。称取1.7g活性干酵母,加入200mL无菌纯净水,搅匀,在30℃恒温箱中放置30分钟,进行活化,然后添加到人参-轮叶党参混合物中,充分搅匀,封口,在30℃条件下发酵24小时,加入600mL纯净水,在100℃温度下提取90分钟,160目尼龙滤布过滤,3000转/分,离心20分钟,去残渣。减压浓缩至Brix 40°,备用。
(4)将苹果梨提取液和人参-轮叶党参发酵提取液混合,加入柠檬酸、山梨酸钾充分搅匀,使其溶解,加纯净水至1000mL,精滤,加热灭菌,趁热真空包装于铝箔袋中,100mL/袋。
实施例3
(1)取20 g人参、60 g轮叶党参、300 g苹果梨、柠檬酸5 g、山梨酸钾0.2 g。
(2)将苹果梨洗净,削皮去果柄,切成2~3cm厚果片,置于夹层锅内,加入3倍于果量的纯净水,加热至90℃,提取60分钟,160目尼龙滤布过滤,离心去残渣,加入澄清剂澄清,离心,上清液浓缩至Brix 40°,备用。
(3)人参和轮叶党参分别粗粉碎,过10目筛。置于发酵罐内混合,加入3倍于原料的纯净水,搅拌均匀,加热20分钟,灭菌,冷却。称取1.6g活性干酵母,加入240mL无菌纯净水,搅匀,在30℃恒温箱中放置30分钟,进行活化,然后添加到人参-轮叶党参混合物中,充分搅匀,封口,在30℃条件下发酵24小时,加入560mL纯净水,在100℃温度下提取90分钟,160目尼龙滤布过滤,3000转/分,离心20分钟,去残渣。减压浓缩至Brix 40°,备用。
(4)将苹果梨提取液和人参-轮叶党参发酵提取液混合,加入柠檬酸、山梨酸钾充分搅匀,使其溶解,加纯净水至1000mL,精滤,加热灭菌,趁热真空包装于铝箔袋中,100mL/袋。
实施例4
(1)取60g人参、20g轮叶党参、500g苹果梨、柠檬酸3g、山梨酸钾0.3g。
(2)将苹果梨洗净,削皮去果柄,切成2~3cm厚果片,置于夹层锅内,加入3倍于果量的纯净水,加热至90℃,提取60分钟,160目尼龙滤布过滤,离心去残渣,加入澄清剂澄清,离心,上清液浓缩至Brix 40°,备用。
(3)人参和轮叶党参分别粗粉碎,过10目筛。置于发酵罐内混合,加入3倍于原料的纯净水,搅拌均匀,加热20分钟,灭菌,冷却。称取0.4g活性干酵母,加入250mL无菌纯净水,搅匀,在30℃恒温箱中放置30分钟,进行活化,然后添加到人参-轮叶党参混合物中,充分搅匀,封口,在30℃条件下发酵24小时,加入550mL纯净水,在100℃温度下提取90分钟,160目尼龙滤布过滤,3000转/分,离心20分钟,去残渣。减压浓缩至Brix 40°,备用。
(4)将苹果梨提取液和人参-轮叶党参发酵提取液混合,加入柠檬酸、山梨酸钾充分搅匀,使其溶解,加纯净水至1000mL,精滤,加热灭菌,趁热真空包装于铝箔袋中,100mL/袋。
实施例5
(1)取40g人参、40g轮叶党参、400g苹果梨、柠檬酸4g重量份、山梨酸钾0. 25g。
(2)将苹果梨洗净,削皮去果柄,切成2~3cm厚果片,置于夹层锅内,加入3倍于果量的纯净水,加热至90℃,提取60分钟,160目尼龙滤布过滤,离心去残渣,加入澄清剂澄清,离心,上清液浓缩至Brix 40°,备用。
(3)人参和轮叶党参分别粗粉碎,过10目筛。装入发酵罐内混合,加入3倍于原料的纯净水,搅拌均匀,加热20分钟,灭菌,冷却。称取1.2g活性干酵母,加入250mL无菌纯净水,搅匀,在30℃恒温箱中放置30分钟,进行活化,然后添加到人参-轮叶党参混合物中,充分搅匀,封口,在30℃条件下发酵24小时,加入750mL纯净水,在100℃温度下提取90分钟,160目尼龙滤布过滤,3000转/分,离心20分钟,去残渣。减压浓缩至Brix 40°,备用。
(4)将苹果梨提取液和人参-轮叶党参发酵提取液混合,加入所取的柠檬酸、山梨酸钾,充分搅匀,使其溶解,加纯净水至1000mL,精滤,加热灭菌,趁热真空包装于铝箔袋中,100mL/袋。
Claims (5)
1.人参苹果梨露,其特征是由人参水提物、轮叶党参水提物、苹果梨水提物、柠檬酸、防腐剂、水组成,各成分比例为:每100重量份人参苹果梨露含0.5~8重量份人参所制得的水提取物、0.5~8重量份轮叶党参所制得的水提取物,10~70重量份苹果梨所制得的水提取物和柠檬酸0.1~0.8重量份、防腐剂0.01~0.05重量份,其余是水。
2. 根据权利要求1所述的人参苹果梨露,其特征是:每100重量份人参苹果梨露含2~6重量份人参所制得的水提取物、2~6重量份轮叶党参所制得的水提取物,30~50重量份苹果梨所制得的水提取物、柠檬酸0.3~0.5重量份、防腐剂0.02~0.03重量份,其余是水。
3. 根据权利要求1所述的人参苹果梨露,其特征是:100重量份人参苹果梨露含4重量份人参所制得的水提取物、4重量份轮叶党参所制得的水提取物,40重量份苹果梨所制得的水提取物、柠檬酸0.4重量份、防腐剂0.025重量份,其余是水。
4.根据权利要求1或2或3所述的人参苹果梨露,其特征是:其中的人参水提取物和轮叶党参提取物为经酵母发酵后的水提取物。
5.一种权利要求1所述的人参苹果梨露的制备方法,其特征是包括如下步骤;
(1)取0.5~8重量份人参、0.5~8重量份轮叶党参、10~70重量份苹果梨、0.1~0.8重量份柠檬酸、0.01~0.05重量份防腐剂;
(2)将步骤(1)所取的苹果梨先洗净、去皮、去果柄,再切成2~3cm厚的果片放入提取锅内,加入2~10倍于果量的纯净水,加热至80~100℃,回流提取30~120分钟,过滤,澄清,浓缩,使液体Brix达到40°以上,备用;
(3)将步骤(1)所取的人参和轮叶党参粉碎分别粉碎成粗粉,将人参粗粉和轮叶党参粗粉混合,取混合粗粉重量的0.3%~3%的活性干酵母,加入25~37℃的温水溶解,活化,在混合粗粉中加入2~10倍于原料重量的纯净水,再加入已活化的酵母液,充分混匀,封口,在30~37℃温度下发酵12~48小时,加入2~10倍于原料的纯净水,加热至80~100℃,提取30~120分钟,过滤,制备人参-轮叶党参混合发酵提取液(Brix达到40%以上,灭菌保存),备用;
(4)将步骤(2)制得苹果梨提取液和步骤(3)制得的人参与轮叶党参混合发酵提取液混合,加入步骤1所取的柠檬酸、防腐剂,再加水至总重量100重量份,搅拌均匀、精滤、加热灭菌,得人参苹果梨露。
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CN104643080A (zh) * | 2015-02-15 | 2015-05-27 | 田雷 | 一种三天换食塑身产品组合配方及食用方法 |
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