CN104171560A - Post-overwintering feed for megalobrama amblycephala fingerlings and preparation method of feed - Google Patents
Post-overwintering feed for megalobrama amblycephala fingerlings and preparation method of feed Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses post-overwintering feed for megalobrama amblycephala fingerlings and a preparation method of the feed. The special post-overwintering mixed feed for megalobrama amblycephala fingerlings is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of fish meal, 15-25 parts of bean pulp, 15-25 parts of rapeseed meal, 5-15 parts of cottonseed meal, 15-20 parts of flour, 10-20 parts of DDGS, 1-3 parts of mono calcium phosphate, 0.1-0.5 part of multi-vitamin premix, 0.5-1 part of poly-mineral premix, 0.1-0.5 part of choline chloride, 0.2-0.5 part of edible salt, 0.5-1.5 parts of phospholipid oil, 0.01-0.05 part of antioxidant, 0.1-0.5 part of mildew preventive, 5-10 parts of bentonite and 0.2-0.5 part of rheum officinale, scutellaria baicalensis and golden cypress powder. The mixed feed disclosed by the invention can be used for effectively improving the functions of liver and gall and the immunocompetence and promoting breeding development.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mixed feed, particularly, feed and preparation method thereof after relating to a kind of megalobrama amblycephala fingerling and surviving the winter.
Background technology
Megalobrama amblycephala, belongs to Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae, and Culter subfamily, triangular bream belongs to, and is commonly called as blunt snout bream, is one of important phytophage economic fish of China, has the advantages such as feeding habits are wide, survival rate is high, growth is fast, meat is good, delicious flavour because of it, is deeply subject to culturist and consumer's favor.
Southern area of Jiangsu Province is one of China megalobrama amblycephala Zhu Yang district, this district's megalobrama amblycephala fingerling mark seedling pattern is as follows: start to buy successively fry and throw something and feed to by the end of November annual September, now fingerling specification is 7-15 tail/jin, when spending lower than 12, water temperature at the beginning of 3 months December-next years stops throwing something and feeding, until just start mid-March next year to throw something and feed, therefore stopping the material phase, megalobrama amblycephala fingerling overwintering period is generally about 3 months.Through reaching the material that stops of 3 wheat harvesting periods, the liver and gall function of intestinal canal of fingerling and the equal variation of immunity, if do not consider these factors when next year, started to feed intake mid-March, hepato-biliary function and the immunity of fingerling are not recovered immediately, can cause the feeding intake July raising of the peak period incidence of disease, directly causes the loss of raiser's economy.
At present the more than 85% blunt-snout gurnards raiser in southern area of Jiangsu Province threw something and fed while starting and can not go to pay close attention to the health condition of megalobrama amblycephala fingerling in annual mid-March, and do not fall 15% high-quality raiser, also only by controlling the straightforward procedure of fingerling day feeding volume, helped it and recovered liver and gall health and immunity.In market, southern Jiangsu, because 3-4 month water temperature is on the low side, the long speed of fingerling is slow, and feed producer formulation composition is now main mainly with cotton dregs, the dish dregs of rice greatly, high-quality animal raw materials as fish meal consumption seldom, and this formulation composition is also unfavorable for the recovery of megalobrama amblycephala fingerling physique.
Therefore, be necessary to provide a set of megalobrama amblycephala fingerling to survive the winter after feed formula technology, with improve survive the winter after megalobrama amblycephala fingerling physique, reduce the peak period incidence of disease that feeds intake, promote cultivation development, improve raiser's benefit.
Summary of the invention
Special compound feed of megalobrama amblycephala fingerling hepato-biliary function and immunocompetence and preparation method thereof after the object of this invention is to provide a kind of recovery and surviving the winter.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
Megalobrama amblycephala fingerling special compound feed after a kind of surviving the winter, the component that comprises following parts by weight: fish meal 10-15 part, dregs of beans 15-25 part, dish dregs of rice 15-25 part, cotton dregs 5-15 part, flour 15-20 part, DDGS (maize alcohol stillage albumen) 10-20 part, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1-3 part, multidimensional pre-composition 0.1-0.5 part, many ore deposits pre-composition 0.5-1 part, Choline Chloride 0.1-0.5 part, 0.2-0.5 part of salt, phosphatide oil 0.5-1.5 part, antioxidant 0.01-0.05 part, mould inhibitor 0.1-0.5 part, bentonite 5-10 part, three bloom 0.2-0.5 parts.
In a preferred embodiment, comprise the component of following parts by weight: 13 parts of fish meal, 15 parts of dregs of beans, 25 parts of the dish dregs of rice, 10 parts of cotton dregs, 15 parts, flour, 15 parts of DDGS, 2 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphates, 0.1 part of multidimensional pre-composition, 0.5 part of many ore deposits pre-composition, 0.15 part of Choline Chloride, 0.2 part of salt, 1 part of phosphatide oil, 0.02 part of antioxidant, 0.1 part of mould inhibitor, 2.43 parts of bentonites, three 0.5 part of bloom.
In another preferred embodiment, comprise the component of following parts by weight: 14 parts of fish meal, 18 parts of dregs of beans, 20 parts of the dish dregs of rice, 10 parts of cotton dregs, 17 parts, flour, 13 parts of DDGS, 2 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphates, 0.1 part of multidimensional pre-composition, 0.5 part of many ore deposits pre-composition, 0.15 part of Choline Chloride, 0.2 part of salt, 1 part of phosphatide oil, 0.02 part of antioxidant, 0.1 part of mould inhibitor, 3.43 parts of bentonites, three 0.5 part of bloom.
In another preferred embodiment, comprise the component of following parts by weight: 12 parts of fish meal, 20 parts of dregs of beans, 22 parts of the dish dregs of rice, 12 parts of cotton dregs, 16 parts, flour, 12 parts of DDGS, 0.1 part of multidimensional pre-composition, 2 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphates, 0.5 part of many ore deposits pre-composition, 0.15 part of Choline Chloride, 0.2 part of salt, phosphatidase 11 part, 0.02 part of antioxidant, 0.1 part of mould inhibitor, 1.43 parts of bentonites, three 0.5 part of bloom.
A method of preparing megalobrama amblycephala fingerling special compound feed after above-mentioned surviving the winter, after above-mentioned raw materials is pulverized, mixes according to the above ratio, after separating twice, through fodder machine, can be made into.
Compare with normal diet, the present invention has following advantage: 1, megalobrama amblycephala fingerling feed formula structure after surviving the winter is optimized, improve fish meal addition, reduce plant protein source ratio, effectively reduce the stress of the resistance factor of plant protein source to fingerling; 2, megalobrama amblycephala fingerling is used after this feed, and it is rapider that hepato-biliary function and immunocompetence are recovered; 3, because animal protein source ratio improves, to reach the needed formula total protein of amino acid balance in formula and reduce, the discharge of nitrogen phosphorus is lower.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is done to detailed description further, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
Embodiment 1
Get the feedstuff after pulverizing: 13 parts of fish meal, 15 parts of dregs of beans, 25 parts of the dish dregs of rice, 10 parts of cotton dregs, 15 parts, flour, 15 parts of DDGS, 2 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphates, 0.1 part of multidimensional pre-composition, 0.5 part of many ore deposits pre-composition, 0.15 part of Choline Chloride, 0.2 part of salt, 1 part of phosphatide oil, 0.02 part of antioxidant, 0.1 part of mould inhibitor, 2.43 parts of bentonites, three 0.5 part of bloom.Above-mentioned raw materials is fully mixed by separating twice, with fodder machine make survive the winter after megalobrama amblycephala fingerling special compound feed.
The forage protein content that the present embodiment is made is 34.5%, and fat content reaches 5%, and lysine content reaches 1.8%, can fully meet the nutritional need of megalobrama amblycephala fingerling.After using this feed cultivation to survive the winter, megalobrama amblycephala fingerling is 1 month, gets fish sample liver, detects glutamic-pyruvic transaminase and glutamic-oxalacetic transaminease vigor.The commercially available megalobrama amblycephala feed group of throwing something and feeding of take is control group.Wherein Pancreas Glutamate-Pyruvate Transaminase Vigor detection method is as follows: by liver normal saline flushing, filter paper blots, and takes liver 0.25g and is cut into small pieces, and is placed in glass homogenate tube, adds the pH7.4 0.1mol/L phosphate buffer of 2.25ml precooling, makes 10% LH.Draw LH 0.1ml in another test tube, add the pH7.4 0.1mol/L phosphate buffer 4.9ml of precooling to shake up, make the dilution LH of 50 times of dilutions.Getting 4, test tube tests according to following table liquid feeding:
Wherein, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase substrate (D, ALANINE 200mmol/L, KG 2mmol/L) collocation method is: accurately take 1.79g D, ALANINE and 29.2mg KG, be first dissolved in 50ml 0.1mol/L phosphate buffer, with 1mol/L NaOH, is transferred to pH7.4, adding phosphate buffer to 100ml, be placed in refrigerator and save backup.
Pancreas Glutamate-Pyruvate Transaminase Vigor is defined as: under 520nm wavelength, enzyme 37 ℃ with substrate-function 30min after, can produce the acetone Wei Yige Pancreas Glutamate-Pyruvate Transaminase Vigor unit of 2.5 μ g.
Glutamic-oxalacetic transaminease vigor vigor testing methods and Pancreas Glutamate-Pyruvate Transaminase Vigor detection method are similar, difference is glutamic-oxalacetic transaminease substrate (D, L-Aspartic acid 200mmol/L, KG 2mmol/L) compound method is: accurately take 2.66g D, L-Aspartic acid and 29.2mg KG, be first dissolved in 50ml 0.1mol/L phosphate buffer, with 1mol/L NaOH, is transferred to pH7.4, adding phosphate buffer to 100ml, be placed in refrigerator and save backup.
Glutamic-oxalacetic transaminease vigor is defined as: under 520nm wavelength, enzyme 37 ℃ with substrate-function 30min after, the acetone that can produce 2.5 μ g is a glutamic-oxalacetic transaminease unit of activity.
The result of this experiment is as following table:
Wherein, the formula of commercially available megalobrama amblycephala feed is: 4.5 parts of fish meal, 20 parts of dregs of beans, 25 parts of the dish dregs of rice, 14 parts of cotton dregs, 12 parts, rice bran, 18 parts, flour, 1 part of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1 part of multidimensional pre-composition, 0.5 part of many ore deposits pre-composition, 0.15 part of Choline Chloride, 0.2 part of salt, 2 parts, soya-bean oil, 0.02 part of antioxidant, 0.1 part of mould inhibitor, 2.43 parts of bentonites.
Experiment shows, the megalobrama amblycephala fingerling liver of the commercially available normal diet of throwing something and feeding sustains damage, and after using this example to provide to survive the winter, megalobrama amblycephala fingerling special feed can effectively promote fingerling liver function to recover.
Embodiment 2
Get the feedstuff after pulverizing: 14 parts of fish meal, 18 parts of dregs of beans, 20 parts of the dish dregs of rice, 10 parts of cotton dregs, 17 parts, flour, 13 parts of DDGS, 2 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphates, 0.1 part of multidimensional pre-composition, 0.5 part of many ore deposits pre-composition, 0.15 part of Choline Chloride, 0.2 part of salt, 1 part of phosphatide oil, 0.02 part of antioxidant, 0.1 part of mould inhibitor, 3.43 parts of bentonites, three 0.5 part of bloom.Above-mentioned raw materials is fully mixed by separating twice, with fodder machine make survive the winter after megalobrama amblycephala fingerling special compound feed.
The forage protein content that the present embodiment is made is 35.4%, and fat content reaches 5%, and lysine content reaches 1.8%, can fully meet the nutritional need of megalobrama amblycephala fingerling.After using the cultivation of this feed to survive the winter, megalobrama amblycephala fingerling is 1 month, and the commercially available gurnet feed group of throwing something and feeding of take is control group.Be satiated with food every day and throw something and feed 2 times at 9 (in the morning and afternoons 5 point), get head-kidney and measure phagocytic rate when experiment finishes, tail venous blood sampling is measured antalzyme activity.Wherein phagocytic rate assay method is: take out megalobrama amblycephala head-kidney, at L-15 nutrient solution (2% calf serum, 1% penicillin/streptomycin, 0.2% heparin) in, comb spreads to cell suspension gently, after 120 order metal mesh filters, cell is added in 34-51%Percoll gradient to the centrifugal 30min of 400g, collection is positioned at 34% and the cell of 51%Percoll interface, with L-15 nutrient solution just cell density be adjusted to 106/ml.Get 108/ml brewer's yeast suspension and close each 0.1ml of renal cell suspension preparing, after fully mixing, making humidity strip, after 0.25% glutaraldehyde is fixing, with the purple dyeing microscopic examination of first class, adding up the cell number of engulfing brewer's yeast in 200 renal cells.
Phagocytic rate (%)=(engulfing renal cell number/200 of yeast) * 100
Serum Bacteriolytic activity assay method is: the blood of obtaining through tail vein is placed in after 4 ℃ of refrigerator 4h, 400g is centrifugal, and 15min gets supernatant, and micrococcus lysodeikticus powder is configured to bacteria suspension (OD of 570nm place value is 0.303 left and right) with 0.1mol/L pH6.4 phosphate buffer.Survey when enzyme is lived and get 3ml bacterium liquid in vitro, read rapidly A0 value after adding 0.1ml serum, then test tube is placed in to 37 ℃ of water-bath 30min, prevent rapidly that terminating in 10min in ice-water bath, with cessation reaction, reads A value at this after taking out, serum lysozyme level is:
U/ml=(?A0-A)/A
The result of this experiment is as following table:
Wherein, the formula of commercially available megalobrama amblycephala feed is: 5 parts of fish meal, 20 parts of dregs of beans, 24 parts of the dish dregs of rice, 14 parts of cotton dregs, 12 parts, rice bran, 18 parts, flour, 1 part of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1 part of multidimensional pre-composition, 0.5 part of many ore deposits pre-composition, 0.15 part of Choline Chloride, 0.2 part of salt, 2 parts, soya-bean oil, 0.02 part of antioxidant, 0.1 part of mould inhibitor, 2.93 parts of bentonites.
Experiment shows, adopts megalobrama amblycephala fingerling phagocytic rate and the serum lysozyme level of the cultivation of this example to be all significantly higher than commercially available feed processed group.After provided by the invention surviving the winter, megalobrama amblycephala fingerling special feed can effectively improve the immunocompetence of cultivation megalobrama amblycephala.As can be seen from the above table, the feeding this patent formula gurnet phagocytic rate of feed the and more than twice of the gurnet that serum lysozyme level is the commercially available gurnet feed of feeding, has conspicuousness (P < 0.05).
Embodiment 3
Get the feedstuff after pulverizing: 12 parts of fish meal, 20 parts of dregs of beans, 22 parts of the dish dregs of rice, 12 parts of cotton dregs, 16 parts, flour, 12 parts of DDGS, 0.1 part of multidimensional pre-composition, 2 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphates, 0.5 part of many ore deposits pre-composition, 0.15 part of Choline Chloride, 0.2 part of salt, phosphatidase 11 part, 0.02 part of antioxidant, 0.1 part of mould inhibitor, 1.43 parts of bentonites, three 0.5 part of bloom.Above-mentioned raw materials is fully mixed by separating twice, with fodder machine, make megalobrama amblycephala fingerling special compound feed.
The forage protein content that the present embodiment is made is 34.5%, and fat content reaches 5%, and lysine content reaches 1.8%, can fully meet the nutritional need of megalobrama amblycephala fingerling.
The megalobrama amblycephala fingerling feed providing with this example and common commercial feed are as the contrast culture experiment of 2 months phases.Experiment is carried out in net cage, and two groups are respectively with 5 net cages, and in each net cage, putting into initial average weight is the megalobrama amblycephala fingerling of 100g.Experimentation, is satiated with food and throws something and feeds twice at 9 (in the morning and afternoons 5 point) every day.After experiment finishes, weigh, growth result sees the following form:
Wherein, the formula of commercially available megalobrama amblycephala feed is: 4 parts of fish meal, 20 parts of dregs of beans, 22 parts of the dish dregs of rice, 16 parts of cotton dregs, 12 parts, rice bran, 18 parts, flour, 1 part of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1 part of multidimensional pre-composition, 0.5 part of many ore deposits pre-composition, 0.15 part of Choline Chloride, 0.2 part of salt, 2 parts, soya-bean oil, 0.02 part of antioxidant, 0.1 part of mould inhibitor, 3.93 parts of bentonites.
Experiment shows, applies feed provided by the invention and raises megalobrama amblycephala fingerling, and its growth performance is significantly better than general commercial feed group.
As mentioned above, can realize preferably the present invention.
The above; it is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; not the present invention is done to any pro forma restriction; according to technical spirit of the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention; the any simple modification that above embodiment is done, be equal to and replace and improve etc., within all still belonging to the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (5)
- One kind survive the winter after megalobrama amblycephala fingerling special compound feed, it is characterized in that, the component that comprises following parts by weight: fish meal 10-15 part, dregs of beans 15-25 part, dish dregs of rice 15-25 part, cotton dregs 5-15 part, flour 15-20 part, DDGS 10-20 part, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1-3 part, multidimensional pre-composition 0.1-0.5 part, many ore deposits pre-composition 0.5-1 part, Choline Chloride 0.1-0.5 part, 0.2-0.5 part of salt, phosphatide oil 0.5-1.5 part, antioxidant 0.01-0.05 part, mould inhibitor 0.1-0.5 part, bentonite 5-10 part, three bloom 0.2-0.5 parts.
- 2. after surviving the winter, a megalobrama amblycephala fingerling special compound feed, is characterized in that, comprises the component of following parts by weight: 13 parts of fish meal, 15 parts of dregs of beans, 25 parts of the dish dregs of rice, 10 parts of cotton dregs, 15 parts, flour, 15 parts of DDGS, 2 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphates, 0.1 part of multidimensional pre-composition, 0.5 part of many ore deposits pre-composition, 0.15 part of Choline Chloride, 0.2 part of salt, 1 part of phosphatide oil, 0.02 part of antioxidant, 0.1 part of mould inhibitor, 2.43 parts of bentonites, three 0.5 part of bloom.
- 3. after surviving the winter, a megalobrama amblycephala fingerling special compound feed, is characterized in that, comprises the component of following parts by weight: 14 parts of fish meal, 18 parts of dregs of beans, 20 parts of the dish dregs of rice, 10 parts of cotton dregs, 17 parts, flour, 13 parts of DDGS, 2 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphates, 0.1 part of multidimensional pre-composition, 0.5 part of many ore deposits pre-composition, 0.15 part of Choline Chloride, 0.2 part of salt, 1 part of phosphatide oil, 0.02 part of antioxidant, 0.1 part of mould inhibitor, 3.43 parts of bentonites, three 0.5 part of bloom.
- 4. after surviving the winter, a megalobrama amblycephala fingerling special compound feed, is characterized in that, comprises the component of following parts by weight: 12 parts of fish meal, 20 parts of dregs of beans, 22 parts of the dish dregs of rice, 12 parts of cotton dregs, 16 parts, flour, 12 parts of DDGS, 0.1 part of multidimensional pre-composition, 2 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphates, 0.5 part of many ore deposits pre-composition, 0.15 part of Choline Chloride, 0.2 part of salt, phosphatidase 11 part, 0.02 part of antioxidant, 0.1 part of mould inhibitor, 1.43 parts of bentonites, three 0.5 part of bloom.
- 5. a method of preparing megalobrama amblycephala fingerling special compound feed after surviving the winter as described in any one in claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps: after above-mentioned raw materials is pulverized, mix according to the above ratio, after separating twice, through fodder machine, can be made into.
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| CN105724835A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2016-07-06 | 安徽天邦饲料科技有限公司 | Antibiotic-free digestible adult parabramis pekinensis feed and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20141203 |