CN104147184B - 一种护理产后尿潴留的药剂 - Google Patents

一种护理产后尿潴留的药剂 Download PDF

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CN104147184B
CN104147184B CN201410430982.8A CN201410430982A CN104147184B CN 104147184 B CN104147184 B CN 104147184B CN 201410430982 A CN201410430982 A CN 201410430982A CN 104147184 B CN104147184 B CN 104147184B
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时均燕
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种护理产后尿潴留的药剂，它包含下列重量份的物质：茵陈10-30份、栀子1-15份、柴胡1-20份、当归10-30份、白芍10-30份、蛇床子20-40份、薄荷1-10份和甘草10-30份等。本发明所述的药剂互相影响，协同作用，能够有效调和气血，通络活血，治疗产后尿潴留效果显著，值得临床推广。

Description

一种护理产后尿潴留的药剂
技术领域
本发明涉及医药领域，具体来说涉及一种护理产后尿潴留的药剂。
背景技术
产后尿潴留指的是产妇在产后6h不能够自行排尿，导致尿潴留的发生。尿潴留是产科常见并发症之一，患者往往伴有小腹胀急疼痛，产后多日小便不能排尽等情况。尿潴留分为完全性和部分性两种。该病症往往会导致尿路感染、膀胱麻痹，影响产后恢复。如果处理不及时，会使得阴道出血增多，给产妇带来痛苦。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种护理产后尿潴留的药剂。
为了实现本发明的目的，本发明提供一种护理产后尿潴留的药剂，它包含下列重量份的物质：茵陈10-30份、栀子1-15份、柴胡1-20份、当归10-30份、白芍10-30份、蛇床子20-40份、薄荷1-10份和甘草10-30份。
优选地，所述的护理产后尿潴留的药剂包含下列重量份的物质：茵陈20份、栀子8份、柴胡10份、当归15份、白芍15份、蛇床子25份、薄荷9份和甘草16份。
优选地，所述的护理产后尿潴留的药剂还包含下列重量份的物质：白及5-15份、菊花10-30份、二色补血草10-20份、黑米20-50份、木姜子1-10份、麦冬5-10份、大枣10-30份、荜茇1-30份、白叶藤1-20份、杨桃10-30份、沙糖根1-10份、荷叶10-50份、没药1-30份、夜香花1-10份、葛根10-30份、十三年花10-20份、甘松1-5份、歪头菜10-20份、桃仁10-30份、百合1-10份和三爪金龙1-20份。
优选地，所述的护理产后尿潴留的药剂还包含下列重量份的物质：白及9份、菊花25份、二色补血草15份、黑米30份、木姜子5份、麦冬8份、大枣25份、荜茇10份、白叶藤10份、杨桃15份、沙糖根8份、荷叶15份、没药11份、夜香花5份、葛根15份、十三年花12份、甘松3份、歪头菜15份、桃仁15份、百合9份和三爪金龙7份。
优选地，所述药剂可以是片剂、分散片、胶囊剂、软胶囊剂或汤剂。
本发明还提供药剂在制备治疗产后尿潴留的药物中的用途，所述药剂包含下列重量份的物质：茵陈10-30份、栀子1-15份、柴胡1-20份、当归10-30份、白芍10-30份、蛇床子20-40份、薄荷1-10份和甘草10-30份。
优选地，所述药剂包含下列重量份的物质：茵陈20份、栀子8份、柴胡10份、当归15份、白芍15份、蛇床子25份、薄荷9份和甘草16份。
优选地，所述药剂还包含下列重量份的物质：白及5-15份、菊花10-30份、二色补血草10-20份、黑米20-50份、木姜子1-10份、麦冬5-10份、大枣10-30份、荜茇1-30份、白叶藤1-20份、杨桃10-30份、沙糖根1-10份、荷叶10-50份、没药1-30份、夜香花1-10份、葛根10-30份、十三年花10-20份、甘松1-5份、歪头菜10-20份、桃仁10-30份、百合1-10份和三爪金龙1-20份。
优选地，所述药剂还包含下列重量份的物质：白及9份、菊花25份、二色补血草15份、黑米30份、木姜子5份、麦冬8份、大枣25份、荜茇10份、白叶藤10份、杨桃15份、沙糖根8份、荷叶15份、没药11份、夜香花5份、葛根15份、十三年花12份、甘松3份、歪头菜15份、桃仁15份、百合9份和三爪金龙7份。
优选地，所述药剂可以是片剂、分散片、胶囊剂、软胶囊剂或汤剂。
目前已公认“整体观念”、“辨证施治”、“复方使用”、“复方配伍用药如用兵”是中医最科学最有效的几大优势，其中“复方配伍用药如用兵”是非常科学的中医药原创理论。中医组方中各药如行兵布阵那样环环相扣的严密配伍，是其优于西药配方的有效手段。中医方剂理论认为，每一方剂，不仅需要根据病因病机选择合适的药剂妥善配伍，同时也应该符合方剂的基本结构，即“君、臣、佐、使”的组方配伍理论，所谓“君、臣、佐、使”的组方配伍，就是其建立在对疾病病机的全方位判断基础上的科学配比。中医用方通过多环节、多靶点整合调节的生物学机制，可以取得比西药更持久、更绿色天然无毒副作用的治疗效果，而这种疗效是建立在上述中医传统原创理论的正确指导之上的，本发明正遵循了这一原则。
在本发明的组合物中，二色补血草和夜香花为君药；茵陈、栀子、柴胡、当归、白及、菊花、黑米、木姜子、麦冬、大枣、蛇床子、白叶藤、没药、杨桃、十三年花为臣药；白芍、薄荷、荜茇、沙糖根、荷叶、葛根、甘松、歪头菜、桃仁、百合、三爪金龙为佐药；甘草调和诸药，为使药。本发明所述的药物组合物互相影响，协同作用，相辅相成，共奏君臣佐使之功，能够有效调和气血，通络活血，治疗产后尿潴留效果显著，值得临床推广。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例进一步说明本发明。应该理解的是，本发明的实施例是用于说明本发明而不是对本发明的限制。根据本发明的实质对本发明进行的简单改进都属于本发明要求保护的范围。除非另有说明，否则本发明中的百分数是重量百分数。
实施例 本发明的汤剂
称取茵陈20克、栀子8克、柴胡10克、当归15克、白芍15克、蛇床子25克、薄荷9克、甘草16克、白及9克、菊花25克、二色补血草15克、黑米30克、木姜子5克、麦冬8克、大枣25克、荜茇10克、白叶藤10克、杨桃15克、沙糖根8克、荷叶15克、没药11克、夜香花5克、葛根15克、十三年花12克、甘松3克、歪头菜15克、桃仁15克、百合9克和三爪金龙7克，加入3000毫升水，在装有冷凝管的烧瓶中加热回流3小时，然后过滤，得到滤液1和滤渣1；2)向滤渣1中加入2000毫升水，在装有冷凝管的烧瓶中加热2小时，过滤，得到滤液2和滤渣2；3)向滤渣2中加入1000毫升水，在装有冷凝管的烧瓶中加热1小时，过滤，得到滤液3和滤渣3；以及4)合并所述滤液1、滤液2和滤液3，冷却至室温，即得。
毒性试验
急性毒性试验：应用NIH小鼠60只，SPF级，雌雄各半，体重17～24g，进行急性毒性试验。小鼠随机分为两组，每组30只，即对照组和给药组，实验前禁食12小时；调整实施例中制备的汤剂，使得浓度为5.37g生药/ml，灌胃，灌胃容积为5ml/kg(即单次给药剂量为26.85g生药/kg)，对照组给予等量生理盐水，一天给药2次，给药间隔时间6小时，给药后连续观察14天，并记录小鼠的毒性反应及死亡数。实验结果表明：与对照组比较，给药后小鼠未见明显差异，实验连续观察14天，小鼠全身状况、饮食、饮水、体重增长均正常。选择处死给药组小鼠，显微镜下检查：心、肝、肺、胃内及胸腺等重要脏器，未见异常改变。小鼠口服灌胃本发明的汤剂LD50>26.85g生药/kg，每日最大给药量为53.7g生药/kg/日。本发明的药物临床用药量为5.26g生药/日/人，成人体重以60kg计，平均用药剂量为0.088g生药/kg/日。按体重计：小鼠(平均体重以21g计)口服灌胃本发明的中药的耐受量为临床用量的610倍。因此本发明内服的药物组合物急性毒性低，临床用药安全。
长期毒性试验：应用SD大鼠，体重200g±10g，雌雄各半。使用实施例中制备的汤剂来进行测试。配制高、中、低三个剂量组，分别为临床用药量的300、150、75倍，用含2重量％阿拉伯树胶的生理盐水1:1混合。采用灌胃给药方式，连续用药16周(1.0ml/100g体重，每天2次)及停药4周后，结果表明：本发明药物对大鼠的毛发、行为、大小便、体重、脏器重量、血象、肝肾功能、血糖、血脂等指标均无明显影响，脏器肉眼没有发现异样变化和组织学检查结果表明，用药16周及停药4周后，大鼠各脏器均无明显改变。说明本发明内服的药物组合物对大鼠长期用药后毒性小，停药后也没有异样反应，应用安全。
实验例
一般资料
本组42例2013年6月-2014年5月医院收治的经阴道分娩并发生尿潴留的产妇为研究对象。诊断标准为：1、产褥期间，小便点滴而下或闭塞不通，小腹胀急疼痛，常有滞产及手术产史。2、下腹部膨隆，膀胱充盈，有触痛。3、尿常规无异常。其中初产妇22例，经产妇20例，平均年龄28.5±1.0岁。其中阴道手术助产32例，会阴II度裂伤3例，会阴I度裂伤2例，阴道壁血肿使用阴道纱卷来压迫止血2例，单纯性会阴侧切3例，
治疗方法
使用实施例中制备的汤剂来进行治疗，每日2次，本发明的药物临床用药量为5.26g生药/日/人。连续治疗3天。
疗效评价标准
治愈：经治疗后，患者排尿通畅，各症状、体征均消失，B超检查结果显示无残余尿液，患者1个月内未复发；有效：经治疗后，患者排尿情况有所改善，但不是十分通畅，各症状均减轻，B超检查结果显示有较多残余尿液；无效：经治疗后，患者仍然难以自行排尿，各症状没有好转。
结果
经过治疗，42例患者中治愈35例，有效7例，总有效率100％。
不良反应和毒副作用监管：通过检测产妇的血压、脉搏、是否出现恶心、呕吐、眩晕的临床症状来判断不良反应。发现42例产妇的收缩压在90-140mmHg，舒张压60-90mmHg，脉搏是60-100次/每分钟，血压和脉搏全部都在正常范围内，并且没有出现恶心、呕吐、眩晕的临床症状。这说明本发明的药物没有明显的不良反应，进而证明该药物对于人体没有明显的毒副作用。

Claims (1)

1.一种护理产后尿潴留的药剂，其特征在于，它由下列物质通过下列方法制成：称取茵陈20克、栀子8克、柴胡10克、当归15克、白芍15克、蛇床子25克、薄荷9克、甘草16克、白及9克、菊花25克、二色补血草15克、黑米30克、木姜子5克、麦冬8克、大枣25克、荜茇10克、白叶藤10克、杨桃15克、沙糖根8克、荷叶15克、没药11克、夜香花5克、葛根15克、十三年花12克、甘松3克、歪头菜15克、桃仁15克、百合9克和三爪金龙7克，加入3000毫升水，在装有冷凝管的烧瓶中加热回流3小时，然后过滤，得到滤液1和滤渣1；向所述滤渣1中加入2000毫升水，在装有冷凝管的烧瓶中加热2小时，过滤，得到滤液2和滤渣2；向所述滤渣2中加入1000毫升水，在装有冷凝管的烧瓶中加热1小时，过滤，得到滤液3和滤渣3；以及合并所述滤液1、滤液2和滤液3，冷却至室温，即得。
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