CN104130369B - 热塑性聚氨酯弹性体的配方及制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于聚合物制备技术领域,特别涉及一种热塑性聚氨酯弹性体的想方及制备方法,包括以下步骤:将PCL-2080置于反应釜中,在100-130°C温度下脱水1-3小时,再加入30°C的PCL-535,再加入碳化二亚胺,一边搅拌一边加入1,4-丁二醇。温度控制在90-120°C,搅拌30-60秒,再加入对苯二异氰酸酯、润滑剂、抗氧剂和纳米催化剂;再搅拌2-4分钟;将搅拌后原料到入料盘中,在120-150°C的热流道上烘10-15分钟;使其固化,得到弹性板,冷却至室温,再放置在密闭的容器中,放置时间为36-48小时;对冷却放置后的弹性板进行破碎造粒。本发明可有效地增加聚氨酯弹性体的耐热性能、机械性能及抗老化性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及聚合物制备技术,特别涉及一种热塑性聚氨酯弹性体的配方及制备方法。
背景技术
聚氨酯弹性体是指在大分子主链上含油较多氨基甲酸酯基官能团(NH-CO-O-)的一类弹性体聚合物,是典型的多嵌段共聚物。其具有耐磨性好、硬度范围宽、强度高、伸长率高、负载支撑容量大、减震效果好、耐低温性能好和耐油耐候性能优异等诸多优点。与橡胶材料相比,聚氨酯弹性体具有耐磨、耐撕裂、耐臭氧、耐切割、高承载性、可浇注、可灌封、硬度范围广、透明或半透明等一系列优点;而与塑料相比,聚氨酯弹性体又具有不易发脆、耐磨、弹性记忆等优点;与金属材料相比,聚氨酯弹性体又具有耐损耗、耐腐蚀。重量轻、加工费用低和噪音低等优点。因此,聚氨酯弹性体得到了十分广泛的应用。
根据加工方法的不同,聚氨酯弹性体一般可分为热塑性聚氨酯弹性体(TPU)、浇注型聚氨酯弹性体和混炼型聚氨酯弹性体。其中,热塑性聚氨酯弹性体是在加热时可以塑化,用溶剂可以溶解的一类聚氨酯弹性体。与浇注型聚氨酯弹性体和混炼型聚氨酯弹性体相比,其交联结构很少,甚至没有,分子基本上是线性的,只存在一定量的物理交联。
TPU硬度高且富有弹性,具有良好的耐油性、耐臭氧性和优异的低温性能,广泛应用于轻工、纺织、车辆、土木建筑、机电、船舶和航空等领域。但是由于其强度不高,耐热性差,易燃,并且在高温下容易发生软化、分解,使机械性能急剧下降,一般情况下它的长期使用温度不能超过80℃,短期使用温度不能超过120℃,这大大限制了它的应用范围。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于:针对现有技术的不足,而提供一种热塑性聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法,以在保证热塑性聚氨酯弹性体综合性能不下降的前提下,提高热塑性聚氨酯弹性体的耐热性能。
为了达到上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:一种热塑性聚氨酯弹性体配方:采用如下原料混合制成:原料按份数计:100-1000份的PCL-2080、100-200份的PCL-535、200-500份的对苯二异氰酸酯、10-30份的碳化二亚胺、40-80份的1,4-丁二醇、0.1-7份的润滑剂、0.2-4份的抗氧剂、0.001-0.1份TiO2纳米催化剂。
在上述热塑性聚氨酯弹性体配方中,采用如下原料混合制成:原料按份数计:1000份的PCL-2080、100份的PCL-535、300份的对苯二异氰酸酯、20份的碳化二亚胺、50份的1,4-丁二醇、1份的润滑剂、1份的抗氧剂、0.1份TiO2纳米催化剂
一种制备上述热塑性聚氨酯弹性体的方法,包括以下步骤:
将PCL-2080置于反应釜中,在100-130°C温度下脱水1-3小时,再加入30°C的PCL-535,再加入碳化二亚胺,一边搅拌一边加入1,4-丁二醇。温度控制在90-120°C,搅拌30-60秒,再加入对苯二异氰酸酯、润滑剂、抗氧剂和纳米催化剂;再搅拌2-4分钟;
将搅拌后原料到入料盘中,在120-150°C的热流道上烘10-15分钟;使其固化,得到弹性板,冷却至室温,再放置在密闭的容器中,放置时间为36-48小时;
对冷却放置后的弹性板进行破碎造粒。
在上述制备方法中;是在120°C温度下脱水1-3小时,搅拌40秒,再搅拌3分钟;在130°C的热流道上烘13分钟;放置时间为48小时。
本发明采用PCL-2080、PCL-535、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、碳化二亚胺、1,4-丁二醇、润滑剂、抗氧剂、TiO2纳米催化剂组成的配方;经检测,本发明的弹性体可达到如下力学性能:密度(g/cm)1.3;邵A硬度/shoreA为85;100%/MPa定伸应力为3.5;300%/MPa定伸应力为5.5;拉伸强度/MPa为55;扯断伸长率/%48;冲击弹性/%46;磨耗/mm40;耐热温度大于130度;提高了热塑性聚氨酯弹性体的耐热性能和强度;可以在保证热塑性聚氨酯弹性体综合性能不下降的前提下,有效地增加聚氨酯弹性体的耐热性能、机械性能及抗老化性能。本发明的热塑性聚氨酯弹性体可以用于大规模的工业化生产。
具体实施方式
实施例一:提供一种热塑性聚氨酯弹性体配方,采用如下原料混合制成:原料按份数计:1000份的PCL-2080、200份的PCL-535、300份的对苯二异氰酸酯、10-30份的碳化二亚胺、40-80份的1,4-丁二醇、0.1-7份的润滑剂、0.2-4份的抗氧剂、0.001-0.1份TiO2纳米催化剂。
实施例二:提供一种热塑性聚氨酯弹性体配方,采用如下原料混合制成:原料按份数计:1000份的PCL-2080、100份的PCL-535、300份的对苯二异氰酸酯、20份的碳化二亚胺、50份的1,4-丁二醇、1份的润滑剂、1份的抗氧剂、0.1份TiO2纳米催化剂。
实施例三:提供一种热塑性聚氨酯弹性体配方,采用如下原料混合制成:原料按份数计:500份的PCL-2080、200份的PCL-535、300份的对苯二异氰酸酯、20份的碳化二亚胺、50份的1,4-丁二醇、1份的润滑剂、1份的抗氧剂、0.1份TiO2纳米催化剂。
实施例四:提供一种热塑性聚氨酯弹性体配方,采用如下原料混合制成:原料按份数计:200份的PCL-2080、200份的PCL-535、300份的对苯二异氰酸酯、20份的碳化二亚胺、50份的1,4-丁二醇、1份的润滑剂、1份的抗氧剂、0.1份TiO2纳米催化剂。
提供一种制备上述热塑性聚氨酯弹性体的方法,包括以下步骤:
按配比称取好上述原材料;将PCL-2080置于反应釜中,在100-130°C温度下脱水1-3小时,再加入30°C的PCL-535,再加入碳化二亚胺,一边搅拌一边加入1,4-丁二醇。温度控制在90-120°C,搅拌30-60秒,再加入对苯二异氰酸酯、润滑剂、抗氧剂和纳米催化剂;再搅拌2-4分钟;
将搅拌后原料到入料盘中,在120-150°C的热流道上烘10-15分钟;使其固化,得到弹性板,冷却至室温,再放置在密闭的容器中,放置时间为36-48小时;
对冷却放置后的弹性板进行破碎造粒。
在上述制备方法中:
是在120°C温度下脱水1-3小时,搅拌40秒,再搅拌3分钟;在130°C的热流道上烘13分钟;放置时间为48小时。
Claims (2)
1.一种制备热塑性聚氨酯弹性体的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:按份数计,称取好下述原材料:1000份的PCL-2080、100份的PCL-535、300份的二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、20份的碳化二亚胺、50份的1,4-丁二醇、1份的润滑剂、1份的抗氧剂、0.1份TiO2纳米催化剂;
将PCL-2080置于反应釜中,在100-130℃温度下脱水1-3小时,再加入30℃的PCL-535,再加入碳化二亚胺,一边搅拌一边加入1,4-丁二醇;温度控制在90-120℃,搅拌30-60秒,再加入对苯二异氰酸酯、润滑剂、抗氧剂和纳米催化剂;再搅拌2-4分钟;
将搅拌后原料到入料盘中,在120-150℃的热流道上烘10-15分钟;使其固化,得到弹性板,冷却至室温,再放置在密闭的容器中,放置时间为36-48小时;对冷却放置后的弹性板进行破碎造粒。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法;其特征在于:是在120℃温度下脱水1-3小时,搅拌40秒,再搅拌3分钟;在130℃的热流道上烘13分钟;放置时间为48小时。
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CN103059554A (zh) * | 2013-01-08 | 2013-04-24 | 东莞市吉鑫高分子科技有限公司 | 一种热塑性聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法 |
CN103641980A (zh) * | 2013-12-09 | 2014-03-19 | 山东一诺威聚氨酯股份有限公司 | 耐水解热塑性聚氨酯弹性体及其制备方法 |
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