CN104126660B - A kind of round-the-clock fluidized bed process crop dryer - Google Patents
A kind of round-the-clock fluidized bed process crop dryer Download PDFInfo
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- CN104126660B CN104126660B CN201410357347.1A CN201410357347A CN104126660B CN 104126660 B CN104126660 B CN 104126660B CN 201410357347 A CN201410357347 A CN 201410357347A CN 104126660 B CN104126660 B CN 104126660B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/85—Food storage or conservation, e.g. cooling or drying
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of round-the-clock fluidized bed process crop dryer, it is characterized in that: comprise support, feed hopper at support two ends and discharge bucket, conveying mechanism between feed hopper and discharge bucket, to be across on conveying mechanism and order at least one dehumidifying section of putting and an air inducing dedusting section and the protective cover that is wrapped in outside dehumidifying section and air inducing dedusting section; The invention has the beneficial effects as follows and adopt standard cell block combination, namely with dehumidifying Duan Weiyi unit, can according to the difference of the actual treatment amount of user or pending thing, increase or reduce the quantity of dehumidifying section, corresponding increase or reduce the length of conveying mechanism and the size of support and protective cover, thus meet the dry demand of multiple user to different disposal amount, different pending thing.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of agricultural machinery, especially relate to a kind of round-the-clock fluidized bed process crop dryer.
Background technology
After China's grain harvest, need that its moisture content is reduced to less than 14.5% can reach national standard of entering refirigeration, grain distribution station just can be purchased.In general, vast rural area custom adopts the method for outdoor sunshine airing to remove moisture content, but this kind of method is very large by the impact of environmental condition, if can not get airing after running into overcast and rainy grain harvest will cause very large loss, the demand therefore adopting the method for machinery to carry out artificial drying strengthens day by day.
Existing, machinery method for drying cereal blows down moisture content between table bits moisture content and bits with hot-air usually, its thermal source adopts diesel combustion and balloonflower root burning to add hot-air mostly, this mode can pollute cereal and increase environmental pollution, its comburant produced produces a large amount of air-polluting particle, produces immeasurable impact to Environmental insults.
Traditional mechanical means drying box inner steel web bottom air distribution plate is point three sections of not isometrical apertures, and air-flow sprays by hole, and cereal-granules can not be made all to blow, and the particle of pore and pore centre can not by disturbance.
Moisture in cereal comprises the superficial water that outer surface is covered with, intermediary water contained between each grain and the crystallization water contained by interior kernel, superficial water and intermediary water due to its adhesive force on cereal little and be easily removed, and the crystallization water is positioned at cereal inside and is closely linked by crystallization mode and cereal inner material, usually be difficult to be removed, therefore need to provide a large amount of heat energy and wind energy to remove the crystallization water in mechanical method for drying cereal, the thermal losses that general heat energy arrives cereal by air channel from heating mechanism is little, but wind energy often causes a large amount of wind energy losses because air channel structure is unreasonable.
China's agricultural planting circumstance complication, many rural areas are in remote mountain areas and farmland dispersion, large-scale grain drying, in the effect of can not having given play to of this type communities and for high cost peasant, therefore needs to improve from aspects such as the selection of heating mechanism, the design of air distribution plate, the design of air channel structure and device miniaturization mechanical grain drying.
Summary of the invention
The problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of round-the-clock fluidized bed process crop dryer, is especially applicable to the easy and simple to handle environmentally friendly grain drying that a small amount of peasant household uses jointly.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of round-the-clock fluidized bed process crop dryer, comprises support, feed hopper at support two ends and discharge bucket, conveying mechanism between feed hopper and discharge bucket, to be across on conveying mechanism and order at least one dehumidifying section of putting and an air inducing dedusting section and the protective cover that is wrapped in outside dehumidifying section and air inducing dedusting section;
Described dehumidifying section is positioned near feed hopper place, and air inducing dedusting section is positioned near discharge bucket place;
The hydrofuge mechanism that described dehumidifying section comprises one or two Blast mechanism, the heating arrangements corresponding with each Blast mechanism and is positioned at directly over the section that dehumidifies;
Described air inducing dedusting section comprises a Blast mechanism and is positioned at the air inducing dedusting mechanism directly over air inducing dedusting section; The Blast mechanism being positioned at air inducing dedusting section is the dried final step of material, in order to reduce grain temperature and to blow down dried paddy bits;
Described Blast mechanism comprises air channel and ventilation blower, described ventilation blower is communicated with external environment condition by the air intake motor hole be positioned on protective cover, the air inlet in described air channel down and be connected with ventilation blower, the air outlet in described air channel upward and be parallel to described conveying mechanism, the structure in described air channel is " own " font bend pipe laterally placed, comprise five ventilation sections be in same level, perpendicular to one another between adjacent two ventilation sections, that section of ventilation section with air outlet is infundibulate, and air outlet is larger diameter end; Described ventilation blower is centrifugal fan and rotating speed is adjustable; The design of " own " font bend pipe structure takes full advantage of aerodynamics, effectively reduces windage, makes the wind energy transported out from centrifugal fan arrive air outlet through air channel and still has very large air quantity;
Described conveying mechanism comprises driving wheel, steel mesh and drive motors, and described steel mesh to be around on driving wheel and to join end to end, and steel mesh defines conveyer belt between feed hopper and discharge bucket, and material is transported to discharge bucket from feed hopper by steel mesh under the drive of driving wheel; Described conveying mechanism is an autonomous system, can haul out from support freely, and its transmission is rotated by chain-driving driving wheel by a reductor, thus steel mesh is operated steadily.
Also have the air distribution plate of a horizontally set between described air outlet and described conveying mechanism, described air distribution plate has the bar shaped cloth air port of some parallel distributions, the length direction in described cloth air port is perpendicular to the transporting direction of described conveying mechanism.
Described heating arrangements comprises at least one electric heater, and described electric heater is positioned at described air channel near air inlet; Electric heater utilizes electric energy efficiency high and can not work the mischief to environment;
Described hydrofuge mechanism is connected with protective cover, and the damp-heat air of protective cover inside is extracted out by axial flow blower by hydrofuge mechanism.
Described air inducing dedusting mechanism is connected with protective cover, and air inducing dedusting mechanism is more than or equal to 500W air-introduced machine by a power and the air in protective cover and material is extracted out; The air inducing dedusting mechanism of this position is mainly used in the scurf absorbing cereal dry tack free, thus avoids dried cereal in storage because scurf absorbs the moisture in air and get damp again;
Also have an adjustable butterfly valve in the air channel of described Blast mechanism, described adjustable butterfly valve is arranged to be had in the ventilation section of air outlet; The air force flowed out at air port place is set out by adjustable butterfly valve; Have thermal insulation board below described air channel, described centrifugal fan is positioned at below thermal insulation board; More than thermal insulation board be sealably coupled to protective cover, thermal insulation board effectively can reduce heat energy loss;
Described protective cover inside is also overlapped and is had a splash proof network, and described splash proof network covers on above described conveying mechanism; Splash proof network can avoid the dehumidified mechanism of cereal or air inducing dedusting mechanism siphon away and cause damage, distance between protective cover and conveying mechanism is little, the exhausting ability of hydrofuge mechanism and air inducing dedusting mechanism can be increased, avoid affecting aqueous vapor discharge because box sealing does not sternly cause sucking outside air;
The vertical section in described bar shaped cloth air port is trapezoidal, describedly trapezoidal goes to the bottom facing to the air outlet in described air channel, and upper base is positioned at the below of described conveying mechanism; Wind energy blows out from air outlet, and through air distribution plate upward conveying mechanism conveying there is the hot gas of certain air quantity and blast, the air distribution plate of this structure blows to steel mesh by horizontal bar draught, cereal-granules on steel mesh is made on horizontal area, to be subject to uniform wind energy effect and upwards to beat, cereal is by falling by gravity behind bar shaped cloth air port, therefore cereal is on the conveyor and loosens and the state stirred, this state is conducive to water evaporates between cereal epidermis and bits and becomes steam and upwards flow, thus effectively removes the moisture on cereal;
One end of described support has and pulls hook and transfer, there is bottom it simple and easy carrying roller; According to the actual requirements, wheel can be installed in bottom of the present invention, at any time pull transfer;
The present invention adopts standard cell block to combine, namely with dehumidifying Duan Weiyi unit, can according to the difference of the actual treatment amount of user or pending thing, increase or reduce the quantity of dehumidifying section, corresponding increase or reduce the length of conveying mechanism and the size of support and protective cover, thus meet the dry demand of multiple user to different disposal amount, different pending thing;
The present invention adopts stainless steel and Food-grade lubricant, the pollution-free and long service life to cereal, and the present invention also can be used for processing the drying with cereal with other organic substances of similar quality;
In protective cover outside, thermometer or temperature sensor can be installed, when temperature sensor testing environment temperature is greater than 30 DEG C, automatically suppress the unlatching of electric heater, thus reduce the waste of the energy, only utilize wind energy to discharge grain moisture.
The advantage that the present invention has and good effect are:
1, the design of " own " font air channel structure effectively decreases windage, improves the air-supply efficiency of ventilation blower;
2, air inducing dedusting section can effectively reduce the temperature of cereal, and the cereal after convenient and dry reclaims, and effectively can absorb scurf dry on cereal on the other hand, avoids dried cereal in storage, occurs the phenomenon that gets damp again;
3, the setting of air distribution plate mechanism can reach more uniform cloth wind effect, makes the cereal on steel mesh be subject to uniform wind energy and heat energy effect, can avoid the shortcoming of cylindrical venthole, thus improve grain dry efficiency;
4, adopt the grain drying of fluidized bed process to make cereal be in the state of suspension, throw off mutually between cereal, cereal and environment heat exchanger effectiveness higher;
The usage quantity that 5, can increase or reduce standard cell block according to user's request arranges cereal treating capacity of the present invention, owing to having transfer and simple and easy carrying roller, the present invention can be shifted easily.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the front view of the present embodiment
Fig. 2 is the A-A view of the present embodiment
In figure:
1, support 2, feed hopper 3, discharge bucket
4, protective cover 5, air channel 6, air outlet
7, air inlet 8, adjustable butterfly valve 9, centrifugal fan
10, thermal insulation board 11, driving wheel 12, steel mesh
13, air distribution plate 14, medium wave electric heating tube 15, air-introduced machine
16, axial flow blower 17, splash proof network 18, drive motors
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Figure 1, 2, the invention provides a kind of round-the-clock fluidized bed process crop dryer, comprise support 1, feed hopper 2 at support 1 two ends and discharge bucket 3, conveying mechanism between feed hopper 2 and discharge bucket 3, to be across on conveying mechanism and order two dehumidifying sections of putting and an air inducing dedusting section and the protective cover 4 that is wrapped in outside dehumidifying section and air inducing dedusting section;
Described dehumidifying section is positioned near feed hopper 2 place, and air inducing dedusting section is positioned near discharge bucket 3 place;
The hydrofuge mechanism that described dehumidifying section comprises two heating arrangements corresponding to two Blast mechanisms, Blast mechanism and is positioned at directly over dehumidifying section, two Blast mechanisms are placed on the left and right sides of conveying mechanism respectively; Described hydrofuge mechanism is connected with protective cover 4, and the damp-heat air of protective cover 4 inside is extracted out by axial flow blower 16 by hydrofuge mechanism.
Described air inducing dedusting section comprises a Blast mechanism and is positioned at the air inducing dedusting mechanism directly over air inducing dedusting section; The Blast mechanism being positioned at air inducing dedusting section is the dried final step of material, in order to reduce grain temperature and to blow down dried paddy bits; Described air inducing dedusting mechanism is connected with protective cover 4, and air inducing dedusting mechanism equals 500W air-introduced machine 15 by a power and the air in protective cover 4 and material extracted out; The air inducing dedusting mechanism of this position is mainly used in the scurf absorbing cereal dry tack free, thus avoids dried cereal in storage because scurf absorbs the moisture in air and get damp again;
Described Blast mechanism comprises air channel 5 and ventilation blower, described ventilation blower is the centrifugal fan 9 of power adjustable, described centrifugal fan 9 is communicated with external environment condition by the air intake motor hole be positioned on protective cover 4, the air inlet 7 in described air channel 5 down and be connected with ventilation blower, the air outlet 6 in described air channel 5 upward and be parallel to described conveying mechanism, the structure in described air channel 5 is " own " font bend pipe laterally placed, comprise five ventilation sections be in same level, perpendicular to one another between adjacent two ventilation sections, that section of ventilation section with air outlet 6 is infundibulate, air outlet 6 is larger diameter end, the design of " own " font bend pipe structure takes full advantage of aerodynamics, effectively reduces windage, makes the wind energy transported out from centrifugal fan 9 arrive air outlet 6 through air channel 5 and still has very large air quantity,
Also there is in the air channel 5 of described Blast mechanism an adjustable butterfly valve 8, described adjustable butterfly valve 8 be arranged at there is air outlet 6 ventilation section in; The air force flowed out at air port 6 place is set out by adjustable butterfly valve 8; Have thermal insulation board 10 below described air channel 5, described centrifugal fan 9 is positioned at below thermal insulation board 10, and in the present embodiment, the flow of centrifugal fan 9 can reach 3500m3/h;
Described conveying mechanism comprises driving wheel 11, steel mesh 12 and drive motors 18, described steel mesh 12 to be around on driving wheel 11 and to join end to end, steel mesh 12 defines conveyer belt between feed hopper 2 and discharge bucket 3, and material is transported to discharge bucket 3 from feed hopper 2 by steel mesh 12 under the drive of driving wheel 11; The conveying mechanism of the present embodiment is an autonomous system, and can haul out from support 1 freely, its transmission is rotated by chain-driving driving wheel 11 by a dual output worm decelerating machine, thus steel mesh 12 is operated steadily.
Also have the air distribution plate 13 of a horizontally set between described air outlet 6 and described conveying mechanism, described air distribution plate 13 has the bar shaped cloth air port of some parallel distributions, the length direction in described cloth air port is perpendicular to the transporting direction of described conveying mechanism.
The vertical section in described bar shaped cloth air port is trapezoidal, described trapezoidal going to the bottom facing to the air outlet 6 in described air channel 5, and upper base is positioned at the below of described conveying mechanism; Wind energy blows out from air outlet 6, and through air distribution plate 13 upward conveying mechanism conveying there is the hot gas of certain air quantity and blast, the air distribution plate 13 of this structure blows to steel mesh 12 by horizontal bar draught, cereal-granules on steel mesh 12 is made on horizontal area, to be subject to uniform wind energy effect and upwards to beat, cereal is by falling by gravity behind bar shaped cloth air port, therefore cereal is on the conveyor and loosens and the state stirred, this state is conducive to water evaporates between cereal epidermis and bits and becomes steam and upwards flow, thus effectively removes the moisture on cereal;
Described heating arrangements comprises at least one electric heater, and described electric heater is medium wave electric heating tube 14, and described medium wave electric heating tube 14 is close air inlet 7 place in described air channel 5;
Described protective cover 4 inside is also overlapped and is had a splash proof network 17, and described splash proof network 17 covers on above described conveying mechanism; Splash proof network 17 can avoid the dehumidified mechanism of cereal or air inducing dedusting mechanism siphon away and cause damage, distance between protective cover 4 and conveying mechanism is little, the exhausting ability of hydrofuge mechanism and air inducing dedusting mechanism can be increased, avoid affecting aqueous vapor discharge because box sealing does not sternly cause sucking outside air;
One end of described support 1 has and pulls hook and transfer, there is bottom it simple and easy carrying roller; According to the actual requirements, wheel can be installed in bottom of the present invention, at any time pull transfer; Discharge bucket 3 is dustpan shaped, very just receives dried cereal;
The course of work of this example:
1, harvested cereal is poured into from feed hopper 2, open drive motors 18, driving wheel 11 drives steel mesh 12 to move, cereal to be dried arrives above steel mesh 12 by feed hopper 2, steel mesh 12 carries cereal to be dried and moves to discharge bucket 3 direction, open whole centrifugal fan 9, all medium wave electric heating tube 14, all axial flow blower 16 and air-introduced machine 15, when environment temperature is more than or equal to 30 DEG C, optional unraveling opens medium wave electric heating tube 14 simultaneously;
2, outside air is formed air stream by centrifugal fan 9, and be transported in corresponding air channel 5 by air inlet 7, the medium wave electric heating tube 14 at air inlet 7 place heats the air stream entered in air channel 5 simultaneously, air stream with wind energy and heat energy arrives air outlet 6 place along air channel 5, also can be controlled the air quantity at air outlet 6 place by centrifugal fan 9 by the adjustable butterfly valve 8 in air channel 5;
3, pass through with air distribution plate 13 above air outlet 6 of the air stream of wind energy and heat energy, this Airflow is dispersed into strip uniformly, the air stream of strip blows cereal to be dried placed on it through steel mesh 12, cereal to be dried moves upward and spreads out under the effect of air stream, the water transform that it contains in cereal to be dried, is gas and takes away by energy by the air stream with wind energy and heat energy;
4, the air stream with moisture passes splash proof network 17 and continues to move upward under the suction of axial flow blower 16, is finally discharged in outside air through axial flow blower 16;
5, steel mesh 12 continues to move to discharge bucket 3 direction, the moisture contained by cereal to be dried after first Blast mechanism reduces, again along with the movement of steel mesh 12 one by one after the air outlet 6 of Blast mechanism is complained to the higher authorities about an injustice and request fair settlement, moisture in cereal to be dried is just quite few, require that when it has reached country's warehouse-in through the 4th Blast mechanism water content, define dried grain, the airflow temperature now blown out from the air outlet 6 of the 4th Blast mechanism is room temperature, low relative to cereal to be dried temperature now, therefore the effect reducing grain temperature can be played, simultaneously by dried grain the scurf of drying blow afloat,
6, the scurf that the quality of these dryings is light is held by powerful air-introduced machine 15 and moves upward easily, is finally discharged to outside the present embodiment through air-introduced machine 15, now can add scurf gathering-device outside air-introduced machine 15 thus avoid air to external world to pollute;
7, the dried grain on steel mesh 12 arrives above discharge bucket 3 after the 4th Blast mechanism, and falls under gravity in discharge bucket 3, and now grain dry success is also collected.
According to the actual requirements, wheel can be installed in the bottom of the present embodiment, at any time pull transfer; The present embodiment adopts stainless steel and Food-grade lubricant, the pollution-free and long service life to cereal; In the present embodiment, every two Blast mechanisms, corresponding two heating arrangements and hydrofuge mechanism constitute a unit, the present embodiment is made up of two elementary cells, treating capacity is 600kg/h, long 4.8 meters, high 2 meters, wide 2.3 meters of the present embodiment, deadweight 2000kg, is applicable to small-sized grain distribution station or scattered peasant household oneself buys use.
Above one embodiment of the present of invention have been described in detail, but described content being only preferred embodiment of the present invention, can not being considered to for limiting practical range of the present invention.All equalizations done according to the present patent application scope change and improve, and all should still belong within patent covering scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a round-the-clock fluidized bed process crop dryer, is characterized in that: comprise support, feed hopper at support two ends and discharge bucket, conveying mechanism between feed hopper and discharge bucket, to be across on conveying mechanism and order at least one dehumidifying section of putting and an air inducing dedusting section and the protective cover that is wrapped in outside dehumidifying section and air inducing dedusting section;
Described dehumidifying section is positioned near feed hopper place, and air inducing dedusting section is positioned near discharge bucket place;
The hydrofuge mechanism that described dehumidifying section comprises one or two Blast mechanism, the heating arrangements corresponding with each Blast mechanism and is positioned at directly over the section that dehumidifies;
Described air inducing dedusting section comprises a Blast mechanism and is positioned at the air inducing dedusting mechanism directly over air inducing dedusting section;
Described Blast mechanism comprises air channel and ventilation blower, described ventilation blower is communicated with external environment condition by the air intake motor hole be positioned on protective cover, the air inlet in described air channel down and be connected with ventilation blower, the air outlet in described air channel upward and be parallel to described conveying mechanism, the structure in described air channel is " own " font bend pipe laterally placed, comprise five ventilation sections be in same level, perpendicular to one another between adjacent two ventilation sections, that section of ventilation section with air outlet is infundibulate, and air outlet is larger diameter end.
2. the round-the-clock fluidized bed process crop dryer of one according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described conveying mechanism comprises driving wheel, steel mesh and drive motors, described steel mesh to be around on driving wheel and to join end to end, steel mesh defines conveyer belt between feed hopper and discharge bucket, and material is transported to discharge bucket from feed hopper by steel mesh under the drive of driving wheel.
3. the round-the-clock fluidized bed process crop dryer of one according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the air distribution plate also between described air outlet and described conveying mechanism with a horizontally set, described air distribution plate has the bar shaped cloth air port of some parallel distributions, the length direction in described cloth air port is perpendicular to the transporting direction of described conveying mechanism.
4. the round-the-clock fluidized bed process crop dryer of one according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described heating arrangements comprises at least one electric heater, and described electric heater is positioned at described air channel near air inlet.
5. the round-the-clock fluidized bed process crop dryer of one according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described hydrofuge mechanism is connected with protective cover, the damp-heat air of protective cover inside is extracted out by axial flow blower by hydrofuge mechanism.
6. the round-the-clock fluidized bed process crop dryer of one according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described air inducing dedusting mechanism is connected with protective cover, air inducing dedusting mechanism is more than or equal to 500W air-introduced machine by a power and the air in protective cover and material is extracted out.
7. the round-the-clock fluidized bed process crop dryer of one according to claim 1, is characterized in that: also have an adjustable butterfly valve in the air channel of described Blast mechanism, described adjustable butterfly valve is arranged to be had in the ventilation section of air outlet.
8. the round-the-clock fluidized bed process crop dryer of one according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described protective cover inside is also overlapped and had a splash proof network, and described splash proof network covers on above described conveying mechanism.
9. the round-the-clock fluidized bed process crop dryer of one according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the vertical section in described bar shaped cloth air port is trapezoidal, describedly trapezoidal goes to the bottom facing to the air outlet in described air channel, and upper base is positioned at the below of described conveying mechanism.
10. the round-the-clock fluidized bed process crop dryer of one according to claim 1, is characterized in that: one end of described support has and pulls hook and transfer, have simple and easy carrying roller bottom it.
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| CN201410357347.1A CN104126660B (en) | 2014-07-24 | 2014-07-24 | A kind of round-the-clock fluidized bed process crop dryer |
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| CN201410357347.1A CN104126660B (en) | 2014-07-24 | 2014-07-24 | A kind of round-the-clock fluidized bed process crop dryer |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104397156A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-03-11 | 天津麦世科尔科技咨询有限公司 | Grain drying device capable of clearing away grain chip |
| CN107906923A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-04-13 | 天津麦世科尔科技咨询有限公司 | Innovative GM 5A mobile grain driers |
| CN112179053A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2021-01-05 | 四川农业大学 | Method for rapidly drying pepper particles by fluidized bed |
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