CN104125882A - 耐冲击性和耐燃性优异的真空耐热材料的密封件 - Google Patents
耐冲击性和耐燃性优异的真空耐热材料的密封件 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种耐冲击性和不燃性优异的真空耐热材料的密封件,更详细而言涉及一种如下真空耐热材料的密封件,其包括玻璃纤维布、第一外部层、第二外部层、铝箔层以及聚乙烯热熔合层,所述第一外部层选自无机氧化物蒸镀PET层、尼龙层以及蒸镀OPP层,所述第二外部层选自无机氧化物蒸镀PET层、尼龙层以及蒸镀OPP层,所述真空耐热材料的密封件不仅耐冲击性和不燃性优异,而且还防止真空耐热材料因长期使用而引起的物理性质的下降和针孔的产生,并且,能够提供物理性质的可靠性和耐久性高的真空耐热材料。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种耐冲击性和不燃性优异的真空耐热材料的密封件,更详细而言,涉及一种如下真空耐热材料的密封件,其包括玻璃纤维布(Glass Cloth,玻璃布)、第一外部层、第二外部层、铝箔层以及聚乙烯热熔合层,所述第一外部层选自无机氧化物蒸镀聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(Polyethylene Terephthalate,PET)层、尼龙层以及蒸镀定向聚丙烯(oriented polypropylene,OPP)层,所述第二外部层选自无机氧化物蒸镀PET层、尼龙层以及蒸镀OPP层,该真空耐热材料的密封件不仅耐冲击性和不燃性优异,而且还防止真空耐热材料因长期使用而引起的物理性质的下降和针孔的产生,并且能够提供物理性质的可靠性和耐久性高的真空耐热材料。
背景技术
真空耐热材料为其内部经真空处理来隔断内部的对流现象,从而与以往有机/无机耐热材料相比显示出5倍以上的优异的耐热性能的材料。
真空耐热材料大致由芯材(core material),作为外皮材料的铝层与热塑性树脂层的多层薄膜的真空耐热材料的密封件,以及气体吸附剂(Getter)构成。其中,密封件为用于维持真空耐热材料的真空度的不可缺少的因素,尤其发挥初次隔断外部大气压的功能,以持续维持真空耐热材料内部的高真空状态,从而保证真空耐热材料的长期耐久性能。
因此,当利用气体和水分隔断性能差的密封件的情况下,随着产品的长期使用,有可能流入外部的气体和水分,该过程中真空度下降,结果,导致耐热性能下降。而且,若密封件的强度较低,则操作时即使受到较小冲击,产生针孔的概率也较高,存在真空度容易被破坏的风险。
以往的真空耐热材料的密封件由作为保护层的尼龙(Nylon)或聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯层,作为隔断层的铝(Aluminum)金属层,以及聚乙烯(Polyethylene)热熔合层构成(例如,日本公开专利公报第1986-027392号和第2006-056230号、韩国公开专利公报第10-2011-0133384号),其耐久年限为10~15年,主要最为常用于冰箱真空耐热材料的外皮材料。
但是,这种密封件随着15年以上的长期使用,其耐久性、耐冲击性等变得不足,因此持续维持真空耐热材料内部的高真空状态方面有限,因此,不适合用于耐久年限30年以上的建筑用真空耐热材料。因此,要求开发出经30年以上能够长期维持优异的气体隔断性能、耐冲击性等的真空耐热材料的密封件。
发明内容
(一)要解决的技术问题
本发明是为了解决上述以往的技术问题而完成的,其技术问题在于提供一种如下真空耐热材料的密封件:耐冲击性强,从而有效隔断因冲击引起的真空爆破,不仅耐热性和不燃性优异,而且防止经30年以上的真空耐热材料的长期使用而引起的物理性质的下降和针孔的产生,能够长期维持优异的耐热性能,并且能够提供物理性质的可靠性和耐久性高的真空耐热材料。
(二)技术方案
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供一种真空耐热材料的密封件,其包括(1)玻璃纤维布、(2)第一外部层、(3)第二外部层、(4)铝箔层以及(5)聚乙烯热熔合层,所述第一外部层选自无机氧化物蒸镀PET层、尼龙层以及蒸镀OPP层,所述第二外部层选自无机氧化物蒸镀PET层、尼龙层以及蒸镀OPP层。
根据本发明的另一侧面,提供一种真空耐热材料,其包括芯材、作为外皮材料的本发明的真空耐热材料的密封件,以及气体吸附剂。
(三)有益效果
本发明的真空耐热材料的密封件与以往的密封件相比耐冲击性得到强化,不仅具备耐热性和不燃性能,而且隔断性能也优秀,具有30年以上的长期耐久性,因此尤其适合用于要求高可靠性的建筑用真空耐热材料,当适用于以往冰箱用真空耐热材料时也能够赋予优异的性能。
附图说明
图1是对本发明一具体例的真空耐热材料的密封件结构的概略图。
附图标记说明
1:作为第一外部层的GL-PET层中的PET层
2:作为第一外部层的GL-PET层中的无机氧化物蒸镀层
3:第二外部层:尼龙层
4:铝箔层 5:MPE热熔合层
6.1、6.2、6.3:氨酯系粘接剂 7:玻璃纤维布
具体实施方式
以下,对本发明进行具体说明。
本发明的密封件包括选自无机氧化物蒸镀PET层、尼龙层以及蒸镀OPP层的第一外部层。第一外部层的厚度优选为10μm~30μm,更优选为10μm~25μm。若第一外部层的厚度小于10μm,则有可能导致针孔数量增加或外部空气流入,真空状态容易被破坏,若超过30μm,则操作性有可能存在问题。
本发明的密封件还包括选自无机氧化物蒸镀PET层、尼龙层以及蒸镀OPP层的第二外部层。第二外部层的厚度优选为10μm~30μm,更优选为12μm~25μm。若第二外部层的厚度小于10μm,则有可能导致针孔数量增加或外部空气流入,真空状态容易被破坏,若超过30μm,则操作性有可能存在问题。
本发明中,能够用作所述第一和/或第二外部层的无机氧化物蒸镀PET(以下还称为“GL-PET”)层在提高密封件本身的耐久性的同时,还通过无机氧化物的蒸镀进一步降低密封件的透氧度,而且PET所具备的抗潮湿性能进一步降低密封件的透湿度,因此弥补后述的铝箔层的隔断性能。这种GL-PET可通过在聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)上蒸镀例如铝氧化物(AlOx)的无机氧化物而得到。
根据本发明的优选的一个具体例,当GL-PET层与其他层(例如尼龙层)粘接的情况下,以GL-PET层的无机氧化物蒸镀面与其他层接触的方向粘接。
本发明中,当用作第一外部层时GL-PET层的厚度优选为10μm~15μm,用作第二外部层时优选为10μm~30μm。若GL-PET层的厚度过薄,则有可能存在隔断性能下降的问题,相反地,若过厚则存在操作性下降,制造成本上升的问题。
本发明中,能够用作所述第一和/或第二外部层的尼龙层提高密封件的耐久性、耐磨性、弹性等,当制作或使用真空耐热材料时能够防止因来自外部的冲击而引起的针孔(pinhole)的产生,且在密封件的操作和二次加工(弯曲、折曲、粘接等)过程中防止后述的铝箔(Aluminum Foil)层的损伤,从而能够维持气密性,并且,提高密封件的水分隔断性。
本发明中,当用作第一外部层时尼龙层的厚度优选为10μm~30μm,用作第二外部层时优选为15μm~30μm。若尼龙层的厚度过薄,则弹性下降,针孔数量有可能增加,相反地,若过厚则存在操作性下降,制造成本上升的问题。
本发明中,能够用作所述第一和/或第二外部层的蒸镀OPP层能够通过在沿一轴或双轴延伸聚丙烯(poly propylene)而制备的OPP薄膜上蒸镀无机氧化物而得到,具有优异的防湿性。本发明中,蒸镀OPP层的厚度优选为10μm~30μm。若蒸镀OPP层的厚度过薄,则防湿性能变差,相反地,若过厚则存在操作性下降,制造成本上升的问题。
根据本发明的优选的一个具体例,作为所述第一外部层(厚度)-第二外部层(厚度),可分别使用GL-PET层(10μm~15μm)-尼龙层(15μm~30μm)的组合。
根据本发明的优选的另一具体例,作为所述第一外部层(厚度)-第二外部层(厚度),可分别使用尼龙层(10μm~20μm)-尼龙层(15μm~30μm)的组合。
根据本发明的优选的又一具体例,作为所述第一外部层(厚度)-第二外部层(厚度),可分别使用尼龙层(15μm~30μm)-GL-PET层(10μm~15μm)的组合。
根据本发明的优选的又一具体例,作为所述第一外部层(厚度)-第二外部层(厚度),可分别使用蒸镀OPP层(10μm~30μm)-尼龙层(15μm~30μm)的组合。
根据本发明的优选的又一具体例,作为所述第一外部层(厚度)-第二外部层(厚度),可分别使用尼龙层(15μm~30μm)-蒸镀OPP层(10μm~30μm)的组合。
本发明的密封件包括作为隔断层的铝箔层。铝箔层的厚度优选为5μm~10μm,更优选为7μm~9μm。若铝箔层的厚度小于5μm,则有可能存在隔断性能下降和针孔数量增加的问题,若超过10μm,则有可能存在成本增加,操作性下降,产生热桥现象等问题。
本发明的密封件包括作为热熔合层的聚乙烯层。作为能够使用的聚乙烯可以举出线型低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)或茂金属聚乙烯(metallocene polyethylene,MPE)。
聚乙烯热熔合层的厚度优选为40μm~60μm,更优选为45μm~55μm。若聚乙烯热熔合层的厚度小于40μm,则有可能存在热封合强度下降的问题,若超过60μm则有可能存在操作性下降的问题。
本发明的密封件包括玻璃纤维布(Glass Cloth,还称为“玻璃布”)。
玻璃纤维布作为密封件的最外部层,不仅对密封件赋予耐冲击性,而且,玻璃纤维布本身还具有承受至600℃的耐热性,因此还提供不燃性。
优选使用具有100~200g/m2的基本重量,20~40条的宽1英寸、长1英寸时的密度、5,000~10,000m的每磅长度的玻璃纤维布。
本发明的密封件中,除上述说明的层以外,在能够实现本发明目的的范围内根据需要可包括额外的层。
本发明的密封件中,层压顺序没有特别限制,根据需要可以以适当的顺序层压上述说明的层及其以外的附加层。
本发明的密封件中,多层结构内的各层之间的粘接优选通过氨酯(urethane)粘接剂进行。
作为氨酯粘接剂,可非限制性地使用能够在有机层-有机层和/或有机层-无机层的粘接中通常使用的粘接剂。根据本发明的一个具体例,作为氨酯粘接剂,可使用由以聚酯型氨酯多元醇为主要成分的基料和以芳香族聚异氰酸酯为主要成分的固化剂构成的双液型粘接剂,但并不限于此。
并且,其粘接方法没有特别限制,可以将如凹版印刷、直接凹版印刷、反转凹版印刷方式等制备多层薄膜时为了各层之间的粘接而通常使用的方法直接或适当变形而加以使用。
为了有效地隔断外部对密封件的冲击,优选尽量相同地设定多层结构内的各层之间的粘接力。当各层以相同水平强力粘接的情况下,具有各层维持各自所具备的特性,同时整体耐久性大幅增加的优点。因此,优选在多层结构内的各层之间涂覆的粘接剂的种类、粘接剂的量及粘接条件(例如冲压(Press)压力、加热温度、熟化时间等)均为相同水平。
如上说明的本发明的密封件,耐冲击性强,耐热性及不燃性优异,长期维持高的物理性质的可靠性和耐久性,因此尤其适合用于真空耐热材料的外皮材料。
因此,根据本发明的另一侧面,提供一种真空耐热材料,其包括芯材、作为外皮材料的本发明的密封件,以及气体吸附剂。
本发明的真空耐热材料的特征为,作为外皮材料包括本发明的密封件,其以外的芯材和气体吸附剂可非限制性地使用真空耐热材料中通常使用的材料。根据本发明的一个具体例,作为芯材,可以将对玻璃棉进行退火加工或针刺加工而成的材料单独或组合使用,作为气体吸附剂,可以将CaO(生石灰)或金属粉末吸气剂单独或组合(组合吸气剂:CaO+金属粉末)使用,但并不限于此。
并且,本发明的真空耐热材料的制造方法也没有特别限制,可以将常用的真空耐热材料的制备方法直接或适当变形而加以使用。
以下,通过实施例及比较例对本发明进行更具体说明。但是,这些实施例仅仅是帮助理解本发明的例子,本发明的范围并不限定于此。
实施例1~4及比较例1~4
以下述表1所示的种类和厚度的层结构制备出多层结构薄膜。在进行各层的粘接时使用双液型氨酯粘接剂(基料:聚酯型氨酯多元醇,固化剂:芳香族聚异氰酸酯),以凹版印刷方式将其涂覆在粘接面之后以叠层方式进行粘接。各层的粘接中使用的粘接剂的种类、量及粘接条件均相同。
实施例1~4及比较例1~2中,在所制备的多层结构薄膜上使用与上述相同的粘接剂并以凹版印刷方式粘接玻璃纤维布来制备密封件。比较例3~4中,未进行玻璃纤维布的粘接,就将所制得的多层结构薄膜直接用作密封件。
将所制备的各密封件作为外皮材料,并利用以针刺方式制备的玻璃棉芯材和气体吸附剂(组合吸气剂),使用10-4torr的高真空条件的真空包装机制得真空耐热材料。关于芯材、气体吸附剂及真空耐热材料的制备方法,实施例及比较例均相同。
对所制得的各真空耐热材料,实施下述项目的评价,并将其结果记载在下述表2中。
-产品不合格率(%)
-导热系数(W/mK)
-耐久性(1):100℃,放置50天后的导热系数(=10年耐久性能)
-耐久性(2):100℃,放置150天后的导热系数(=30年耐久性能)
-耐久性(3):RH0~80%,-30~80℃,放置30天后的导热系数(=10年耐久性能)
-耐久性(4):RH0~80%,-30~80℃,放置80天后的导热系数(=30年耐久性能)
-耐久年限:可保证耐久性的最低年限
表1
GL-PET:由铝氧化物蒸镀的PET薄膜,包括蒸镀层的层厚
PET:未蒸镀PET薄膜
Al箔:铝箔
玻璃纤维布:基本重量:170g/㎡,密度:宽1英寸、长1英寸时约为30条(高成企业(GO SUNG SYSTEM))
(层厚单位:μm)
表2
由上述表2的结果可知,与比较例的真空耐热材料相比,本发明实施例的真空耐热材料显示出更优异的物理性质,尤其在不合格率和耐久性能上呈现较大差异。即,实施例的真空耐热材料的不合格率小于2%,与比较例的5%水平相比,不合格率减少至一半以下,表示耐热性能经时下降率的耐久性能实验的结果,与比较例相比显示出非常优异的隔断维持性能,能够保证30年以上的较高的长期耐久性。
Claims (11)
1.一种多层结构的真空耐热材料的密封件,包括玻璃纤维布、第一外部层、第二外部层、铝箔层以及聚乙烯热熔合层,
所述第一外部层选自无机氧化物蒸镀PET层、尼龙层以及蒸镀OPP层,
所述第二外部层选自无机氧化物蒸镀PET层、尼龙层以及蒸镀OPP层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的真空耐热材料的密封件,其特征在于,第一外部层的厚度为10μm~30μm,第二外部层的厚度为10μm~30μm,铝箔层的厚度为5μm~10μm,聚乙烯热熔合层的厚度为40μm~60μm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的真空耐热材料的密封件,其特征在于,第一外部层为10μm~15μm厚度的无机氧化物蒸镀PET层,第二外部层为15μm~30μm厚度的尼龙层。
4.根据权利要求1所述的真空耐热材料的密封件,其特征在于,第一外部层为10μm~20μm厚度的尼龙层,第二外部层为15μm~30μm厚度的尼龙层。
5.根据权利要求1所述的真空耐热材料的密封件,其特征在于,第一外部层为15μm~30μm厚度的尼龙层,第二外部层为10μm~15μm厚度的无机氧化物蒸镀PET层。
6.根据权利要求1所述的真空耐热材料的密封件,其特征在于,第一外部层为10μm~30μm厚度的蒸镀OPP层,第二外部层为15μm~30μm厚度的尼龙层。
7.根据权利要求1所述的真空耐热材料的密封件,其特征在于,第一外部层为15μm~30μm厚度的尼龙层,第二外部层为10μm~30μm厚度的蒸镀OPP层。
8.根据权利要求1所述的真空耐热材料的密封件,其特征在于,多层结构内的各层用氨酯粘接剂粘接。
9.根据权利要求8所述的真空耐热材料的密封件,其特征在于,在多层结构内的各层之间涂覆的粘接剂的种类、粘接剂的量以及粘接条件相同。
10.根据权利要求1所述的真空耐热材料的密封件,其特征在于,玻璃纤维布具有100~200g/m2的基本重量,20~40条的宽1英寸、长1英寸时的密度及每磅5,000~10,000m的每磅长度。
11.一种真空耐热材料,其包括芯材,作为外皮材料的权利要求1至10中任一项所述的密封件,以及气体吸附剂。
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KR101302474B1 (ko) | 2013-09-02 |
JP5998231B2 (ja) | 2016-09-28 |
WO2013125838A1 (ko) | 2013-08-29 |
CN104125882B (zh) | 2015-12-02 |
EP2818315A4 (en) | 2015-10-07 |
EP2818315B1 (en) | 2016-10-05 |
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