CN104119676A - 一种pa66用无卤素阻燃剂及由其制备的环保阻燃pa66材料 - Google Patents
一种pa66用无卤素阻燃剂及由其制备的环保阻燃pa66材料 Download PDFInfo
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- CN104119676A CN104119676A CN201410304437.4A CN201410304437A CN104119676A CN 104119676 A CN104119676 A CN 104119676A CN 201410304437 A CN201410304437 A CN 201410304437A CN 104119676 A CN104119676 A CN 104119676A
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- 229920002302 Nylon 6,6 Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- DXZMANYCMVCPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;diethylphosphinate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCP([O-])(=O)CC.CCP([O-])(=O)CC DXZMANYCMVCPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 title abstract description 5
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- ZQKXQUJXLSSJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine cyanurate Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1.O=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)N1 ZQKXQUJXLSSJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 46
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- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 20
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- FJOLTQXXWSRAIX-UHFFFAOYSA-K silver phosphate Chemical compound [Ag+].[Ag+].[Ag+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O FJOLTQXXWSRAIX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 15
- HCWYXKWQOMTBKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dodecyl benzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Ca].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 HCWYXKWQOMTBKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- -1 melamine cyanurates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 22
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 28
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 14
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- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 7
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- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanamide Chemical compound NC#N XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LEHOTFFKMJEONL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Uric Acid Chemical compound N1C(=O)NC(=O)C2=C1NC(=O)N2 LEHOTFFKMJEONL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RILNHWQDVBZBIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyanamide;phosphoric acid Chemical compound NC#N.OP(O)(O)=O RILNHWQDVBZBIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHHGLZMJPXIBIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N decabromodiphenyl ether Chemical compound BrC1=C(Br)C(Br)=C(Br)C(Br)=C1OC1=C(Br)C(Br)=C(Br)C(Br)=C1Br WHHGLZMJPXIBIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- YRIUSKIDOIARQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 YRIUSKIDOIARQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006351 engineering plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012757 flame retardant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K13/00—Use of mixtures of ingredients not covered by one single of the preceding main groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C08K13/06—Pretreated ingredients and ingredients covered by the main groups C08K3/00 - C08K7/00
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/32—Phosphorus-containing compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/34—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring
- C08K5/3467—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring having more than two nitrogen atoms in the ring
- C08K5/3477—Six-membered rings
- C08K5/3492—Triazines
- C08K5/34924—Triazines containing cyanurate groups; Tautomers thereof
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/36—Sulfur-, selenium-, or tellurium-containing compounds
- C08K5/41—Compounds containing sulfur bound to oxygen
- C08K5/42—Sulfonic acids; Derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
- C08K7/04—Fibres or whiskers inorganic
- C08K7/14—Glass
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L77/00—Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L77/06—Polyamides derived from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/32—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K2003/321—Phosphates
- C08K2003/328—Phosphates of heavy metals
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- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
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- C08K2201/003—Additives being defined by their diameter
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Abstract
Description
性质 | 方法 | 单位 | 数据 |
比重 | ASTMD792 | — | 1.2 |
模收缩 | ASTMD955 | % | 0.1-0.7 |
延伸率 | ASTMD638 | % | 30 |
拉伸强度 | ASTMD638 | Mpa | 85 |
弯曲强度 | ASTMD790 | Mpa | 90 |
弯曲模数 | ASTMD790 | Mpa | 3600 |
缺口冲击强度(1/8") | ASTMD256 | KJ/M2 | 13 |
热变形温度(1.8Mpa) | ASTMD648 | ℃ | 65 |
热变形温度(0.45Mpa) | ASTMD648 | ℃ | 78 |
耐燃性 | UL94 | (1/16") | V0 |
干燥时间 | — | HR | 4 |
熔融温度 | — | ℃ | 230-270 |
建议模温 | — | ℃ | 120 |
性质 | 方法 | 单位 | 数据 |
比重 | ASTMD792 | — | 1.2 |
模收缩 | ASTMD955 | % | 0.1-0.7 |
延伸率 | ASTMD638 | % | 30 |
拉伸强度 | ASTMD638 | Mpa | 90 |
弯曲强度 | ASTMD790 | Mpa | 93 |
弯曲模数 | ASTMD790 | Mpa | 3800 |
缺口冲击强度(1/8") | ASTMD256 | KJ/M2 | 20 |
热变形温度(1.8Mpa) | ASTMD648 | ℃ | 65 |
热变形温度(0.45Mpa) | ASTMD648 | ℃ | 78 |
耐燃性 | UL94 | (1/16") | V0 |
干燥时间 | — | HR | 4 |
熔融温度 | — | ℃ | 230-270 |
建议模温 | — | ℃ | 120 |
性质 | 方法 | 单位 | 数据 |
比重 | ASTMD792 | — | 1.2 |
模收缩 | ASTMD955 | % | 0.1-0.7 |
延伸率 | ASTMD638 | % | 30 |
拉伸强度 | ASTMD638 | Mpa | 73 |
弯曲强度 | ASTMD790 | Mpa | 88 |
弯曲模数 | ASTMD790 | Mpa | 3100 |
缺口冲击强度(1/8") | ASTMD256 | KJ/M2 | 10 |
热变形温度(1.8Mpa) | ASTMD648 | ℃ | 65 |
热变形温度(0.45Mpa) | ASTMD648 | ℃ | 78 |
耐燃性 | UL94 | (1/16") | V0 |
干燥时间 | — | HR | 4 |
熔融温度 | — | ℃ | 230-270 |
建议模温 | — | ℃ | 120 |
性质 | 方法 | 单位 | 数据 |
比重 | ASTMD792 | — | 1.2 |
模收缩 | ASTMD955 | % | 0.1-0.7 |
延伸率 | ASTMD638 | % | 30 |
拉伸强度 | ASTMD638 | Mpa | 83 |
弯曲强度 | ASTMD790 | Mpa | 95 |
弯曲模数 | ASTMD790 | Mpa | 3650 |
缺口冲击强度(1/8") | ASTMD256 | KJ/M2 | 12 |
热变形温度(1.8Mpa) | ASTMD648 | ℃ | 65 |
热变形温度(0.45Mpa) | ASTMD648 | ℃ | 78 |
耐燃性 | UL94 | (1/16") | V0 |
干燥时间 | — | HR | 4 |
熔融温度 | — | ℃ | 230-270 |
建议模温 | — | ℃ | 120 |
性质 | 方法 | 单位 | 数据 |
比重 | ASTMD792 | — | 1.2 |
模收缩 | ASTMD955 | % | 0.1-0.7 |
延伸率 | ASTMD638 | % | 30 |
拉伸强度 | ASTMD638 | Mpa | 70 |
弯曲强度 | ASTMD790 | Mpa | 81 |
弯曲模数 | ASTMD790 | Mpa | 2500 |
缺口冲击强度(1/8") | ASTMD256 | KJ/M2 | 7 |
热变形温度(1.8Mpa) | ASTMD648 | ℃ | 65 |
热变形温度(0.45Mpa) | ASTMD648 | ℃ | 78 |
耐燃性 | UL94 | (1/16") | HB |
干燥时间 | — | HR | 4 |
熔融温度 | — | ℃ | 230-270 |
建议模温 | — | ℃ | 120 |
性质 | 方法 | 单位 | 数据 |
比重 | ASTMD792 | — | 1.2 |
模收缩 | ASTMD955 | % | 0.1-0.7 |
延伸率 | ASTMD638 | % | 30 |
拉伸强度 | ASTMD638 | Mpa | 54 |
弯曲强度 | ASTMD790 | Mpa | 64 |
弯曲模数 | ASTMD790 | Mpa | 2100 |
缺口冲击强度(1/8") | ASTMD256 | KJ/M2 | 5 |
热变形温度(1.8Mpa) | ASTMD648 | ℃ | 65 |
热变形温度(0.45Mpa) | ASTMD648 | ℃ | 78 |
耐燃性 | UL94 | (1/16") | V0 |
干燥时间 | — | HR | 4 |
熔融温度 | — | ℃ | 230-270 |
建议模温 | — | ℃ | 120 |
性质 | 方法 | 单位 | 数据 |
比重 | ASTMD792 | — | 1.2 |
模收缩 | ASTMD955 | % | 0.1-0.7 |
延伸率 | ASTMD638 | % | 30 |
拉伸强度 | ASTMD638 | Mpa | 70 |
弯曲强度 | ASTMD790 | Mpa | 55 |
弯曲模数 | ASTMD790 | Mpa | 1800 |
缺口冲击强度(1/8") | ASTMD256 | KJ/M2 | 5 |
热变形温度(1.8Mpa) | ASTMD648 | ℃ | 65 |
热变形温度(0.45Mpa) | ASTMD648 | ℃ | 78 |
耐燃性 | UL94 | (1/16") | HB |
干燥时间 | — | HR | 4 |
熔融温度 | — | ℃ | 230-270 |
建议模温 | — | ℃ | 120 |
实验组 | 燃烧情况 |
实施例6 | 第一次燃烧后,被火焰灼烧处体积膨胀约1%~3%,表面出现二氧化硅颗粒覆盖。第二次灼烧时,灼烧处的体积未膨胀,灼烧处未发送燃烧。 |
实施例7 | 第一次燃烧后,被火焰灼烧处体积膨胀约1%~3%,表面出现二氧化硅颗粒覆盖。第二次灼烧时,灼烧处的体积未膨胀,灼烧处未发送燃烧。 |
实施例8 | 第一次燃烧后,被火焰灼烧处体积膨胀约1%~3%,表面出现二氧化硅颗粒覆盖。第二次灼烧时,灼烧处的体积未膨胀,灼烧处未发生燃烧。 |
实施例9 | 第一次燃烧后,被火焰灼烧处体积膨胀约1%~3%,表面出现二氧化硅颗粒覆盖。第二次灼烧时,灼烧处的体积未膨胀,灼烧处未发生燃烧。 |
对比例1 | 第一次燃烧后,被火焰灼烧处体积膨胀约1%~2%。第二次灼烧时,灼烧处发生燃烧并滴落,滴落后可使棉花燃烧。 |
对比例2 | 第一次燃烧后,被火焰灼烧处体积膨胀约1%~2%。第二次灼烧时,灼烧处的体积未膨胀,灼烧处未发生燃烧。 |
对比例3 | 第一次燃烧后,被火焰灼烧处体积膨胀约4%~7%。第二次灼烧时,灼烧处发生燃烧并滴落,滴落后可使棉花燃烧。 |
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