CN104115925B - A kind of radio frequency processing method to cereal seed sterilization fresh-keeping - Google Patents
A kind of radio frequency processing method to cereal seed sterilization fresh-keeping Download PDFInfo
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- CN104115925B CN104115925B CN201410325993.XA CN201410325993A CN104115925B CN 104115925 B CN104115925 B CN 104115925B CN 201410325993 A CN201410325993 A CN 201410325993A CN 104115925 B CN104115925 B CN 104115925B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of radio frequency processing method to cereal seed sterilization fresh-keeping, including: weigh cereal seed and be placed in container: weigh cereal seed and put into cubic container with holes, aperture on container is less than cereal seed diameter, and container material is high-temperature resistance plastice material；Carry out radio frequency processing to cereal seed: utilize radio-frequency apparatus to carry out radio frequency processing to the container being placed with cereal seed, the radio-frequency treatment time of cereal seed is controlled at 3 6min, after cereal seed temperature reaches 60 70 DEG C, utilize hot blast to carry out being incubated 5 15min；It is cooled to room temperature: the cereal seed after radio frequency processing is cooled to room temperature and carries out packaging storage.The method using the present invention preferably can carry out sterilization fresh-keeping to cereal seed, and can also preferably keep the vigor of cereal seed while sterilization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for disinfection to cereal seed, especially a kind of to cereal seed sterilization fresh-keeping
Radio frequency processing method, belong to metal material semi-solid state forming technique field.
Background technology
China is large agricultural country, and the annual requirement of annual crop seeds reaches about 2,400,000,000 kilograms, but seed exists
In storage, vigor there will be decline in various degree, and owing to seed can carry different types of mushroom,
Especially mould, this is easily caused seed and goes mouldy, and has a strong impact on activity and the germination percentage of seed.Right at present
Seed is sterilized used technology mainly chemical sterilization and physical sterilization.Wherein, in the mode of chemical sterilization
The chemical bactericide using mainly has ozone and chlorine dioxide antiseptic etc., but this method for disinfection takes less than seed
Inside, and environmental pollution can be caused.The mode of physical sterilization mainly uses ultrasonic sterilization, high-voltage pulse
Sterilization, microwave disinfection and ultrahigh-pressure sterilization etc., but these methods exist that instrument is heavier, operation inconvenience,
Can not batch processing and the defects such as certain impact can be caused on seed vitality.Additionally, Ye You seed manufacturing enterprise
Using such as Co-gamma-rays, seed is sterilized by the radiation treatment such as He-Ne laser, although these method meetings
Improve the anti-aging property of seed, strengthen anti-adversity ability, contribute to extending the storage period of seed and increase seed
Vigor, but when large batch of sample treatment, it will usually use high irradiation dose and long exposure time, thus
Easily damaging the germination percentage of seed the probability adding seed variation, operational danger is bigger simultaneously.
The present invention uses radiothermics to carry out Preservation Treatment, radio frequency (Radio to crop seeds
Frequency, is abbreviated as RF) it is a kind of high-frequency electromagnetic wave, its frequency range is 3kHz-300MHz.Penetrate
Frequency can be penetrated into inside material, causes the vibration of the internally charged ion of material to migrate, converts electrical energy into heat energy.
The electromagnetic wave that it can be formed by radio-frequency signal generator interacts with dielectric material and produces heat, have quick,
The feature of overall heating.Radio frequency processing can overcome the limitation of prior heat treatment, makes to heat inside and outside seed simultaneously.
Meanwhile, radio frequency is a kind of non-ionising radiation technology, is different from X-ray or the high-energy of gamma ray generation
Can change molecular structure, the energy that it produces will not make hydrone ionize, and is accordingly regarded as safe process
Method.Through patent retrieval discovery, Application No. 201320162970.2, entitled radio frequency sterilization cultivation altogether
Device and application number 201320163578.X, two patents of entitled solar energy radio frequency sterilization cultivation apparatus altogether
In, all disclose a kind of radio frequency being sterilized water sterilization cultivation apparatus altogether；Application number 201220397565.4,
In the patent of entitled card box radio frequency sterilizing unit, disclose the sterilization of a kind of radio frequency being sterilized food
Cultivation apparatus altogether；But these three patent is all not involved with utilize radio-frequency technique to carry out sterilization to seed protect
Fresh method.
In view of this, a kind of radio frequency processing method to cereal seed sterilization fresh-keeping of any design is with relatively low
Obtain satisfied bactericidal effect in temperature of charge and shorter time, be the problem that gentleman needs solution badly in the industry.
Content of the invention
Present invention aims to the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of to cereal seed sterilization fresh-keeping
Radio frequency processing method.
The present invention is realized by following technical proposal: a kind of radio frequency processing method to cereal seed sterilization fresh-keeping,
Wherein, comprise the following steps:
Weigh cereal seed to be placed in container: weigh cereal seed and put into cubic container with holes, described appearance
Aperture on device is less than described cereal seed diameter, and described container material is high-temperature resistance plastice material；
Carry out radio frequency processing to described cereal seed: utilize radio-frequency apparatus to the container being placed with described cereal seed
Carry out radio frequency processing, the radio-frequency treatment time of described cereal seed is controlled at 3-6min, described cereal seed
It after temperature reaches 60-70 DEG C, is incubated 5-15min；
It is cooled to room temperature: the described cereal seed after radio frequency processing is cooled to room temperature and carries out conventional packaging storage
Hide.
Preferably, the described cereal seed that weighs is placed in the step in container, and the moisture of described cereal seed contains
Amount is 13%-16%.
Preferably, the described cereal seed that weighs is placed in the step in container, and described container capacity is 16.0 length
× 10.5 width × 6.7 high cm380.0 long × 60.0 width × 20.0 high cm3。
Preferably, in the described step carrying out radio frequency processing to cereal seed, the thickness of seed is less than described radio frequency
Spacing 1-3cm in the middle of the upper bottom crown of equipment.
Preferably, described cereal seed is wheat, corn, any one in paddy rice.
Preferably, the frequency range of described radio-frequency apparatus is 12kW-27MHz.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention has substantive distinguishing features and marked improvement be:
The present invention utilizes radio frequency processing cereal seed, the mould quantity can being substantially reduced in cereal seed, thus
Serve the purpose carrying out sterilization fresh-keeping to cereal seed, and can preferably keep paddy through radio frequency sterilization processing
The vigor of species.In addition, whole sterilization process has low energy consumption, high efficiency advantage, method for disinfection is easy
In popularization, and the damage that cereal seed is caused by radio frequency processing is low, it is thus achieved that cereal seed period of storage relatively
Long, overcome environmental pollution, cause the cereal seed toxicity that traditional cereal seed Preservation Treatment technology exists
With the defect such as operational danger, there is the application of preferable market and promotion prospect.
Brief description
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to enforcement
In example or description of the prior art, the accompanying drawing of required use is briefly described, it should be apparent that, describe below
In accompanying drawing be only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, do not paying
On the premise of going out creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of steps of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clearly
It Chu, is fully described by, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than
Whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making creation
Property work under the premise of the every other embodiment that obtained, broadly fall into the scope of protection of the invention.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of steps of the present invention.With reference to Fig. 1,
Step S10: weigh cereal seed and be placed in container.First, weighing appropriate cereal seed, sealing is treated
With.The cereal seed weighing is put into the cubic container with holes of certain capacity, and the aperture on container is less than
The diameter of cereal seed, and this container material is high-temperature resistance plastice material, this container can be cuboid band
Hole plastic containers, wherein, the capacity of container is 16.0 long × 10.5 width × 6.7 high cm3-80.0 long × 60.0
Width × 20.0 high cm3, concrete, the capacity of container can be 49.8 long × 35.5 width × 13.0 high cm3,
The quality weighing cereal seed depends on used container size, and cereal seed moisture is preferably
13%-16%.
Step S20: radio frequency processing is carried out to cereal seed.Then, start and radio-frequency apparatus preheated,
It is put into the container being placed with cereal seed in the transmission belt of radio-frequency apparatus after radio-frequency apparatus preheating completes and penetrate
Frequency is processed, and wherein, the frequency range of radio-frequency apparatus can be 12kW-27MHz.If carried out production in enormous quantities,
Radio-frequency apparatus can be set to continuous processing pattern；If cereal seed amount is less, then can will be placed with paddy
The centre position of the bottom crown that the container of species is placed into radio-frequency apparatus carries out static process.Wherein, different
The spacing of parallel electrode plate up and down notable on the impact of radio frequency firing rate, the thickness of cereal seed in usual container
Less than spacing 1-3cm in the middle of the upper bottom crown of radio-frequency apparatus, and the radio-frequency treatment time to cereal seed
Control is at 3-6min, after making the temperature of cereal seed reach 60-70 DEG C, utilizes hot-air to be incubated 5-15 to it
Min, such as insulation 10min.
Step S30: be cooled to room temperature.Finally, the cereal seed after radio frequency processing is cooled to room temperature.
The method that the present invention provides can carry out sterilization fresh-keeping for cereal seeds such as wheat, corn, paddy rice.
Embodiment 1
The moisture weighing 920g is the wheat seed of 15%, and putting into capacity is 16.0 long × 10.5 width
× 6.7 high cm3Cuboid perforated plastic container in, this container is put in the transmission belt of radio-frequency apparatus,
The frequency range of radio-frequency apparatus can be 12kW-27MHz, in the present embodiment, and the parallel pole up and down of radio-frequency apparatus
Plate spacing is set to 8.8cm, to wheat seed radio frequency processing 4.5min so that it is after temperature reaches 60 DEG C, profit
It is rapidly cooled to room temperature with hot-air to taking out after wheat seed insulation 10min.
Embodiment 2
The moisture weighing 920g is the corn seed of 15%, and putting into capacity is 16.0 long × 10.5 width
× 6.7 high cm3Cuboid perforated plastic container in, this container is put in the transmission belt of radio-frequency apparatus,
The frequency range of radio-frequency apparatus can be 12kW-27MHz, in the present embodiment, and the parallel pole up and down of radio-frequency apparatus
Plate spacing is set to 8.8cm, to corn seed radio frequency processing 4.0min so that it is after temperature reaches 60 DEG C, profit
It is rapidly cooled to room temperature with hot-air to taking out after corn seed insulation 10min.
Embodiment 3
The moisture weighing 760g is the rice paddy seed of 15%, and putting into capacity is 16.0 long × 10.5 width
× 6.7 high cm3Cuboid perforated plastic container in, this container is put in the transmission belt of radio-frequency apparatus,
The frequency range of radio-frequency apparatus can be 12kW-27MHz, in the present embodiment, and the parallel pole up and down of radio-frequency apparatus
Plate spacing is set to 8.8cm, to rice paddy seed radio frequency processing 4.2min so that it is after temperature reaches 60 DEG C, profit
It is rapidly cooled to room temperature with hot-air to taking out after rice paddy seed insulation 10min.
Carry out mould bacterial content and viability examination below to the cereal seed after radio frequency processing:
The present invention measures method reference food safe national standard food microbiological examination mould and the ferment of mould
The method (national food safety standard GB4789.15-2010) of female counting.
Control experiment 1
The mensuration of mould quantity
Experimental group: by the wheat seed after embodiment 1 processes cooling, weighs 100g and pulverizes, relatively
Excellent, grinding time is 10-15s.Then weighing 25g powder again, the sterilizing adding 225mL0.85% is raw
Reason salt solution, shakes up, and is diluted to different horizontal gradients, and the dilution 1mL sucking different gradient is added separately to
In batch cultur ware, and add rose bengal medium after sterilization treatment for the 15mL, in mould training
Support and case is cultivated 3-5d, carry out mold count.
Control group: the wheat seed before radio frequency processing is carried out process as hereinbefore to obtain what it contained
Fungi count.
The mensuration of electrical conductivity
Experimental group: by the wheat seed after embodiment 1 processes cooling, takes 50 net seeds respectively at random,
Repeat, claim its weight for 3 times, with distilled water flushing 2 times, then with ultrapure water 1 time, then inhaled by filter paper
Dry swim, wheat seed is respectively put in the 250ml beaker of cleaning, pours 25mL ultra-pure water into, at 25 DEG C
Lower immersion 24h, measures the conductivity value of its soak.
Control group: the wheat seed before radio frequency processing is carried out process as hereinbefore to obtain its soak
Electrical conductivity.
Control experiment 2
The mensuration of mould quantity
Experimental group: by the corn seed after embodiment 2 processes cooling, weighs 100g and pulverizes, relatively
Excellent, grinding time is 10-15s.Then weighing 25g powder again, the sterilizing adding 225mL0.85% is raw
Reason salt solution, shakes up, and is diluted to different horizontal gradients, and the dilution 1mL sucking different gradient is added separately to
In batch cultur ware, and add rose bengal medium after sterilization treatment for the 15mL, in mould training
Support and case is cultivated 3-5d, carry out mold count.
Control group: the corn seed before radio frequency processing is carried out process as hereinbefore to obtain what it contained
Fungi count.
The mensuration of electrical conductivity
Experimental group: by the corn seed after embodiment 2 processes cooling, takes 50 net seeds respectively at random,
Repeat, claim its weight for 3 times, with distilled water flushing 2 times, then with ultrapure water 1 time, then inhaled by filter paper
Dry swim, corn seed is respectively put in the 250ml beaker of cleaning, pours 150mL ultra-pure water into,
Soak 24h at 25 DEG C, measure the conductivity value of its soak.
Control group: the corn seed before radio frequency processing is carried out process as hereinbefore to obtain its soak
Electrical conductivity.
Control experiment 3
The mensuration of mould quantity
Experimental group: by the rice paddy seed after embodiment 3 processes cooling, weighs 100g and pulverizes, relatively
Excellent, grinding time is 10-15s.Then weighing 25g powder again, the sterilizing adding 225mL0.85% is raw
Reason salt solution, shakes up, and is diluted to different horizontal gradients, and the dilution 1mL sucking different gradient is added separately to
In batch cultur ware, and add rose bengal medium after sterilization treatment for the 15mL, in mould training
Support and case is cultivated 3-5d, carry out mold count.
Control group: the rice paddy seed before radio frequency processing is carried out process as hereinbefore to obtain what it contained
Fungi count.
The mensuration of electrical conductivity
Experimental group: by the rice paddy seed after embodiment 3 processes cooling, takes 50 net seeds respectively at random,
Repeat, claim its weight for 3 times, with distilled water flushing 2 times, then with ultrapure water 1 time, then inhaled by filter paper
Dry swim, corn seed is respectively put in the 250ml beaker of cleaning, pours 150mL ultra-pure water into,
Soak 24h at 25 DEG C, measure the conductivity value of its soak.
Control group: the rice paddy seed before radio frequency processing is carried out process as hereinbefore to obtain its soak
Electrical conductivity.
Control experiment 1, control experiment 2 and check experiment 3 the results are shown in Table 1:
Wheat and corn seed mould quantity and seed vitality (electrical conductivity of solution) before and after table 1 radio frequency processing
Change
As shown in Table 1, compared with not through the wheat of radio frequency processing, corn and rice paddy seed, through penetrating
The mould quantity that wheat, corn and the rice paddy seed that frequency is processed contains is substantially reduced, and through radio frequency processing
Wheat, the electrical conductivity of corn and rice paddy seed solution also significantly improves i.e. seed vitality and strengthens.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention has substantive distinguishing features and marked improvement be:
The present invention utilizes radio frequency processing cereal seed, can be substantially reduced the mould quantity that cereal seed contains, from
And serve the purpose carrying out sterilization fresh-keeping to cereal seed, and can preferably keep through radio frequency sterilization processing
The vigor of cereal seed.In addition, whole sterilization process has low energy consumption, high efficiency advantage, method for disinfection
Easy to spread, and the damage that cereal seed is caused by radio frequency processing is low, it is thus achieved that cereal seed period of storage
Longer, overcome environmental pollution, cause the cereal seed poison that traditional cereal seed Preservation Treatment technology exists
Property and the defect such as operational danger, there is the application of preferable market and promotion prospect.
General principle, principal character and the advantages of the present invention of the present invention have more than been shown and described.The industry
Skilled person will appreciate that, the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments, in above-described embodiment and specification
The principle that the present invention is simply described describing, the present invention is also without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention
Having various changes and modifications, these changes and improvements both fall within scope of the claimed invention.This
Bright claimed scope is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (1)
1. the radio frequency processing method to cereal seed sterilization fresh-keeping, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Weighing cereal seed to be placed in container: weigh cereal seed and put into cubic container with holes, the aperture on described container is less than described cereal seed diameter, and described container material is high-temperature resistance plastice material；
Carry out radio frequency processing to described cereal seed: utilize radio-frequency apparatus to carry out radio frequency processing to the container being placed with described cereal seed, control at 3-6min to the radio-frequency treatment time of described cereal seed, after described cereal seed temperature reaches 60-70 DEG C, be incubated 5-15min；
It is cooled to room temperature: the described cereal seed after radio frequency processing is cooled to room temperature and carries out conventional packaging storage；
The described cereal seed that weighs is placed in the step in container, and the moisture of described cereal seed is 13%-16%；
The described cereal seed that weighs is placed in the step in container, and described container capacity is 16.0 long × 10.5 width × 6.7 high cm3
80.0 long × 60.0 width × 20.0 high cm3
；
In the described step carrying out radio frequency processing to cereal seed, the thickness of seed is less than spacing 1-3cm in the middle of the upper bottom crown of described radio-frequency apparatus；
Described cereal seed is wheat, corn, any one in paddy rice；
The frequency range of described radio-frequency apparatus is 12-27MHz.
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| CN106359580A (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2017-02-01 | 湖南炎帝生物工程有限公司 | Soft sterilization method for extending low-temperature high-quality shelf life of Nostoc commune |
| CN106720284A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-05-31 | 江南大学 | A kind of disinsection method to grain radio frequency processing |
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| CN107455666B (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2020-05-05 | 安徽省东博米业有限公司 | Processing method of long-storage nutritional rice |
| CN109348774A (en) * | 2018-12-15 | 2019-02-19 | 浙江大学自贡创新中心 | A kind of pre-press method extending corn seed storage time |
| CN109924394A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-06-25 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of rhizome vegetable radio frequency synchronization enzyme deactivation pre-dehydration method |
| CN110235878B (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2021-08-27 | 西北农林科技大学 | Industrialized radio frequency insecticidal method for agricultural products |
| CN113907126A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2022-01-11 | 西南大学 | Method for controlling postharvest diseases of fresh jujube fruits |
| CN115053926B (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2023-10-20 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | Method for improving low-temperature storage quality of brown rice |
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| CN103039601A (en) * | 2013-01-16 | 2013-04-17 | 安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Method for improving storage tolerance of aged seeds of plant |
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