CN104115925A - Radiofrequency treatment method for sterilization and fresh keeping of cereal seeds - Google Patents
Radiofrequency treatment method for sterilization and fresh keeping of cereal seeds Download PDFInfo
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- CN104115925A CN104115925A CN201410325993.XA CN201410325993A CN104115925A CN 104115925 A CN104115925 A CN 104115925A CN 201410325993 A CN201410325993 A CN 201410325993A CN 104115925 A CN104115925 A CN 104115925A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a radiofrequency treatment method for sterilization and fresh keeping of cereal seeds, and the method includes the following steps: weighing the cereal seeds in a container, to be more specific, the cereal seeds are weighed into a cube container with a hole, wherein the hole diameter of the cube container is less than the diameter of the cereal seeds, and the cube container is made from a high temperature resistant plastic material; performing radiofrequency treatment on the cereal seeds, to be more specific, the radiofrequency treatment on the container filled with the cereal seeds is performed, the time of the radiofrequency treatment on the cereal seeds is controlled in 3-6min, after the cereal seeds reach the temperature of 60 to 70 DEG C, the cereal seeds are kept warm for 5-15min by hot air; and cooling to room temperature, to be more specific, the radiofrequency treated cereal seeds are cooled to room temperature for packaging and storage. By adopting the method, the cereal seeds can be better sterilized and kept fresh, and the vitality of the cereal seeds can be maintained while sterilization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for disinfection to cereal seed, especially a kind of radio frequency processing method to cereal seed sterilization fresh-keeping, belongs to metal material semi-solid state forming technique field.
Background technology
China is large agricultural country, the annual requirement of annual crop seeds reaches 2,400,000,000 kilograms of left and right, but seed vigor in storage there will be decline in various degree, and because seed can carry different types of mushroom, especially mould, this easily causes seed to go mouldy, and has a strong impact on activity and the germination percentage of seed.The technology that sterilization adopts to seed at present mainly contains chemical sterilization and physical sterilization.Wherein, the chemical bactericide adopting in the mode of chemical sterilization mainly contains ozone and chlorine dioxide antiseptic etc., but this method for disinfection effect is less than Interior Seed, and can cause environmental pollution.The mode of physical sterilization mainly adopts ultrasonic sterilization, high-voltage pulse sterilization, microwave disinfection and ultrahigh-pressure sterilization etc., but these methods exist that instrument is heavier, operation inconvenience, can not batch process and can cause the defects such as certain influence to seed vitality.In addition; Ye You seed manufacturing enterprise adopts as Co-gamma-rays; the radiation treatment such as He-Ne laser are carried out sterilization to seed; although these methods can improve the anti-ageing property of seed, strengthen anti-adversity ability, the vigor that contributes to extend the storage period of seed and increase seed; but in the time of large batch of sample treatment; conventionally can adopt high irradiation dose and long exposure time, thereby easily damage the germination percentage of seed and increased the probability of seed variation, operational danger is larger simultaneously.
The present invention adopts radiothermics to carry out Preservation Treatment to crop seeds, and radio frequency (Radio Frequency, is abbreviated as RF) is a kind of high-frequency electromagnetic wave, and its frequency range is 3kHz-300MHz.Radio frequency can be penetrated into material inside, causes the vibration migration of the internally charged ion of material, is heat energy by electric energy conversion.The electromagnetic wave that it can form by radio-frequency signal generator and dielectric material interact and produce heat, the feature have fast, entirety heating.Radio frequency processing can overcome the limitation of prior heat treatment, makes to heat inside and outside seed simultaneously.Meanwhile, radio frequency is a kind of non-ionising radiation technology, and the high-energy that is different from X-ray or gamma ray generation can change molecular structure, and the energy that its produces can not make hydrone ionization, is therefore regarded as safe processing method.Find through patent retrieval, application number is 201320162970.2, name is called altogether cultivation apparatus and application number 201320163578.X of radio frequency sterilization, and name is called the sterilization of solar energy radio frequency altogether in two patents of cultivation apparatus, has all disclosed a kind of radio frequency sterilization cultivation apparatus altogether that water is carried out to sterilization; Application number 201220397565.4, name is called in the patent of card box radio frequency sterilizing unit, has disclosed a kind of radio frequency sterilization cultivation apparatus altogether that food is carried out to sterilization; But all do not relate to and utilize radio-frequency technique seed to be carried out to the method for sterilization fresh-keeping in these three patents.
In view of this, any design a kind of to the radio frequency processing method of cereal seed sterilization fresh-keeping to obtain satisfied bactericidal effect within lower temperature of charge and shorter time, be that gentleman needs the problem of solution badly in the industry.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of radio frequency processing method to cereal seed sterilization fresh-keeping is provided.
The present invention realizes by following technical proposal: a kind of radio frequency processing method to cereal seed sterilization fresh-keeping, wherein, comprises the following steps:
Taking cereal seed is placed in container: take cereal seed and put into cube container with holes, the aperture on described container is less than described cereal seed diameter, and described container material is high-temperature resistance plastice material;
Described cereal seed is carried out to radio frequency processing: utilize radio-frequency apparatus to carry out radio frequency processing to the container that is placed with described cereal seed, the radio frequency processing time to described cereal seed is controlled at 3-6min, described cereal seed temperature reaches after 60-70 DEG C, insulation 5-15min;
Be cooled to room temperature: the described cereal seed after radio frequency processing is cooled to room temperature and carries out the storage of routine packaging.
Preferably, described in take cereal seed and be placed in the step in container, the moisture of described cereal seed is 13%-16%.
Preferably, described in take cereal seed and be placed in the step in container, described container capacity be 16.0 long × 10.5 wide × 6.7 high cm
3-80.0 long × 60.0 wide × 20.0 high cm
3.
Preferably, in described step of cereal seed being carried out to radio frequency processing, the thickness of seed is less than the spacing 1-3cm in the middle of the upper bottom crown of described radio-frequency apparatus.
Preferably, described cereal seed is any one in wheat, corn, paddy rice.
Preferably, the frequency range of described radio-frequency apparatus is 12kW-27MHz.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention has substantive distinguishing features and marked improvement are:
The present invention utilizes radio frequency processing cereal seed, can greatly reduce the mould quantity in cereal seed, thereby has played the object of cereal seed being carried out to sterilization fresh-keeping, and can keep preferably the vigor of cereal seed through radio frequency sterilization processing.In addition, whole sterilization process has low energy consumption, high efficiency advantage, method for disinfection is easy to promote, and the damage that radio frequency processing causes cereal seed is low, the cereal seed period of storage obtaining is longer, overcome environmental pollution that traditional cereal seed Preservation Treatment technology exists, caused defects such as sending out cereal seed toxicity and operational danger, there is the application of good market and promotion prospect.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or description of the Prior Art be briefly described below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, do not paying under the prerequisite of creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is flow chart of steps of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtaining under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Fig. 1 is flow chart of steps of the present invention.With reference to Fig. 1,
Step S10: take cereal seed and be placed in container.First, take appropriate cereal seed, seal stand-by.The cereal seed taking is put into the cube container with holes of certain capacity, aperture on container is less than the diameter of cereal seed, and this container material is high-temperature resistance plastice material, this container can be cuboid perforated plastic container, wherein, the capacity of container be 16.0 long × 10.5 wide × 6.7 high cm
3-80.0 long × 60.0 wide × 20.0 high cm
3, concrete, the capacity of container can be 49.8 long × 35.5 wide × 13.0 high cm
3, the quality that takes cereal seed depends on adopted container size, and cereal seed moisture is preferably 13%-16%.
Step S20: cereal seed is carried out to radio frequency processing.Then, start and also radio-frequency apparatus is carried out to preheating, after radio-frequency apparatus preheating completes, the container that is placed with cereal seed is put on the transport tape of radio-frequency apparatus and carries out radio frequency processing, wherein, the frequency range of radio-frequency apparatus can be 12kW-27MHz.If produced in enormous quantities, can be set to continuous tupe by radio-frequency apparatus; If cereal seed amount is less, static processing is carried out in the centre position that container that is placed with cereal seed can be placed into the bottom crown of radio-frequency apparatus.Wherein, the firing rate impact frequently of the different distance between plates of parallel pole up and down correlation significantly, conventionally the thickness of the interior cereal seed of container is less than the middle spacing 1-3cm of upper bottom crown of radio-frequency apparatus, and the radio frequency processing time to cereal seed is controlled at 3-6min, the temperature of cereal seed is reached after 60-70 DEG C, utilize hot-air to be incubated 5-15min to it, for example, be incubated 10min.
Step S30: be cooled to room temperature.Finally, the cereal seed after radio frequency processing is cooled to room temperature.
Method provided by the invention can be carried out sterilization fresh-keeping for cereal seeds such as wheat, corn, paddy rice.
Embodiment 1
The wheat seed that the moisture that takes 920g is 15%, the capacity of putting into be 16.0 long × 10.5 wide × 6.7 high cm
3cuboid perforated plastic container in, this container is put on the transport tape of radio-frequency apparatus, the frequency range of radio-frequency apparatus can be 12kW-27MHz, in the present embodiment, the distance between plates of parallel pole up and down of radio-frequency apparatus is set to 8.8cm, to wheat seed radio frequency processing 4.5min, its temperature is reached after 60 DEG C, take out after utilizing hot-air to wheat seed insulation 10min and be cooled to rapidly room temperature.
Embodiment 2
The corn seed that the moisture that takes 920g is 15%, the capacity of putting into be 16.0 long × 10.5 wide × 6.7 high cm
3cuboid perforated plastic container in, this container is put on the transport tape of radio-frequency apparatus, the frequency range of radio-frequency apparatus can be 12kW-27MHz, in the present embodiment, the distance between plates of parallel pole up and down of radio-frequency apparatus is set to 8.8cm, to corn seed radio frequency processing 4.0min, its temperature is reached after 60 DEG C, take out after utilizing hot-air to corn seed insulation 10min and be cooled to rapidly room temperature.
Embodiment 3
The rice paddy seed that the moisture that takes 760g is 15%, the capacity of putting into be 16.0 long × 10.5 wide × 6.7 high cm
3cuboid perforated plastic container in, this container is put on the transport tape of radio-frequency apparatus, the frequency range of radio-frequency apparatus can be 12kW-27MHz, in the present embodiment, the distance between plates of parallel pole up and down of radio-frequency apparatus is set to 8.8cm, to rice paddy seed radio frequency processing 4.2min, its temperature is reached after 60 DEG C, take out after utilizing hot-air to rice paddy seed insulation 10min and be cooled to rapidly room temperature.
Cereal seed after radio frequency processing is carried out to mould bacterial content and vigor detection below:
The present invention measures the method (national food safety standard GB4789.15-2010) of the safe national standard food microbiological examination of the method reference food Molds and yeasts counting of mould.
Control experiment 1
The mensuration of mould quantity
Experimental group: will process cooled wheat seed through embodiment 1, and take 100g and pulverize, preferably, grinding time is 10-15s.And then take 25g powder, add the sterile saline of 225mL0.85%, shake up, dilution is different horizontal gradient, the dilution 1mL that sucks different gradients is added to respectively in batch cultur ware, and add the rose bengal medium of 15mL after sterilization treatment, and in mold incubator, cultivate 3-5d, carry out mold count.
Control group: the wheat seed before radio frequency processing is carried out to the fungi count that processing as hereinbefore contains to obtain it.
The mensuration of electrical conductivity
Experimental group: will process cooled wheat seed through embodiment 1, get at random respectively 50 clean seeds, repeat for 3 times, claim its weight, use distilled water flushing 2 times, rinse 1 time with ultra-pure water again, then blot and swim with filter paper, wheat seed is put into respectively to clean 250ml beaker, pour 25mL ultra-pure water into, at 25 DEG C, soak 24h, measure the conductivity value of its soak.
Control group: the wheat seed before radio frequency processing is carried out to processing as hereinbefore to obtain the electrical conductivity of its soak.
Control experiment 2
The mensuration of mould quantity
Experimental group: will process cooled corn seed through embodiment 2, and take 100g and pulverize, preferably, grinding time is 10-15s.And then take 25g powder, add the sterile saline of 225mL0.85%, shake up, dilution is different horizontal gradient, the dilution 1mL that sucks different gradients is added to respectively in batch cultur ware, and add the rose bengal medium of 15mL after sterilization treatment, and in mold incubator, cultivate 3-5d, carry out mold count.
Control group: the corn seed before radio frequency processing is carried out to the fungi count that processing as hereinbefore contains to obtain it.
The mensuration of electrical conductivity
Experimental group: will process cooled corn seed through embodiment 2, get at random respectively 50 clean seeds, repeat for 3 times, claim its weight, use distilled water flushing 2 times, rinse 1 time with ultra-pure water again, then blot and swim with filter paper, corn seed is put into respectively to clean 250ml beaker, pour 150mL ultra-pure water into, at 25 DEG C, soak 24h, measure the conductivity value of its soak.
Control group: the corn seed before radio frequency processing is carried out to processing as hereinbefore to obtain the electrical conductivity of its soak.
Control experiment 3
The mensuration of mould quantity
Experimental group: will process cooled rice paddy seed through embodiment 3, and take 100g and pulverize, preferably, grinding time is 10-15s.And then take 25g powder, add the sterile saline of 225mL0.85%, shake up, dilution is different horizontal gradient, the dilution 1mL that sucks different gradients is added to respectively in batch cultur ware, and add the rose bengal medium of 15mL after sterilization treatment, and in mold incubator, cultivate 3-5d, carry out mold count.
Control group: the rice paddy seed before radio frequency processing is carried out to the fungi count that processing as hereinbefore contains to obtain it.
The mensuration of electrical conductivity
Experimental group: will process cooled rice paddy seed through embodiment 3, get at random respectively 50 clean seeds, repeat for 3 times, claim its weight, use distilled water flushing 2 times, rinse 1 time with ultra-pure water again, then blot and swim with filter paper, corn seed is put into respectively to clean 250ml beaker, pour 150mL ultra-pure water into, at 25 DEG C, soak 24h, measure the conductivity value of its soak.
Control group: the rice paddy seed before radio frequency processing is carried out to processing as hereinbefore to obtain the electrical conductivity of its soak.
Control experiment 1, control experiment 2 and check experiment 3 the results are shown in Table 1:
The variation of wheat and maize seed mould quantity and seed vitality (electrical conductivity of solution) before and after table 1 radio frequency processing
As shown in Table 1, with wheat, corn and the rice paddy seed of process radio frequency processing are not compared, the mould quantity containing through wheat, corn and the rice paddy seed of radio frequency processing reduces greatly, and also obviously to improve through the electrical conductivity of wheat, corn and the rice paddy seed solution of radio frequency processing be that seed vitality strengthens.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention has substantive distinguishing features and marked improvement are:
The present invention utilizes radio frequency processing cereal seed, can greatly reduce the mould quantity that cereal seed contains, thereby has played the object of cereal seed being carried out to sterilization fresh-keeping, and can keep preferably the vigor of cereal seed through radio frequency sterilization processing.In addition, whole sterilization process has low energy consumption, high efficiency advantage, method for disinfection is easy to promote, and the damage that radio frequency processing causes cereal seed is low, the cereal seed period of storage obtaining is longer, overcome environmental pollution that traditional cereal seed Preservation Treatment technology exists, caused defects such as sending out cereal seed toxicity and operational danger, there is the application of good market and promotion prospect.
More than show and described general principle of the present invention, principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; that in above-described embodiment and description, describes just illustrates principle of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (6)
1. the radio frequency processing method to cereal seed sterilization fresh-keeping, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Taking cereal seed is placed in container: take cereal seed and put into cube container with holes, the aperture on described container is less than described cereal seed diameter, and described container material is high-temperature resistance plastice material;
Described cereal seed is carried out to radio frequency processing: utilize radio-frequency apparatus to carry out radio frequency processing to the container that is placed with described cereal seed, the radio frequency processing time to described cereal seed is controlled at 3-6min, described cereal seed temperature reaches after 60-70 DEG C, insulation 5-15min;
Be cooled to room temperature: the described cereal seed after radio frequency processing is cooled to room temperature and carries out the storage of routine packaging.
2. the radio frequency processing method to cereal seed sterilization fresh-keeping as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described in take cereal seed and be placed in the step in container, the moisture of described cereal seed is 13%-16%.
3. the radio frequency processing method to cereal seed sterilization fresh-keeping as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described in take cereal seed and be placed in the step in container, described container capacity be 16.0 long × 10.5 wide × 6.7 high cm
3-80.0 long × 60.0 wide × 20.0 high cm
3.
4. the radio frequency processing method to cereal seed sterilization fresh-keeping as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step of cereal seed being carried out to radio frequency processing, the thickness of seed is less than the middle spacing 1-3cm of upper bottom crown of described radio-frequency apparatus.
5. the radio frequency processing method to cereal seed sterilization fresh-keeping as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described cereal seed is any one in wheat, corn, paddy rice.
6. the radio frequency processing method to cereal seed sterilization fresh-keeping as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the frequency range of described radio-frequency apparatus is 12kW-27MHz.
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| CN105554929A (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2016-05-04 | 福建农林大学 | Radio frequency heating method for low-heat-conductivity agricultural product and food |
| CN105660812A (en) * | 2016-01-07 | 2016-06-15 | 地利营养配餐科技有限公司 | Method for flexibly sterilizing ready-to-eat surimi products by combining radio frequency and hot blast |
| CN106359580A (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2017-02-01 | 湖南炎帝生物工程有限公司 | Soft sterilization method for extending low-temperature high-quality shelf life of Nostoc commune |
| CN106720284A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-05-31 | 江南大学 | A kind of disinsection method to grain radio frequency processing |
| CN107397113A (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2017-11-28 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of capsicum powder processing method sterilized using radio frequency |
| CN107397112A (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2017-11-28 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of packaging using radio frequency sterilization irons method for processing surface |
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| CN107455666A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-12-12 | 合肥市晶谷米业有限公司 | A kind of processing method of shelf-stable nutrient rice |
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| CN110235878A (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2019-09-17 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of industrialization radio frequency disinsection method for agricultural product |
| CN113907126A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2022-01-11 | 西南大学 | Method for controlling postharvest diseases of fresh jujube fruits |
| CN115053926A (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2022-09-16 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | Method for improving low-temperature storage quality of brown rice |
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| CN105554929B (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2018-08-28 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of low heat conduction agricultural product and food radio frequency heating method |
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